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Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Constraint From Multiple Origins To Selective Destinations By Using Genetic Algorithm, Manocha Kruetet
Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Constraint From Multiple Origins To Selective Destinations By Using Genetic Algorithm, Manocha Kruetet
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This thesis addresses the vehicle routing problem with time constraints from multiple origins to selective destinations by using a genetic algorithm for efficient path planning. The focus is on optimizing field collection and repossession activities in the financial industry to enhance operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. The proposed approach integrates two main components: a tailored genetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization and a graph neural network for precise travel time estimation. The genetic algorithm is designed to minimize total travel distance or travel time and balance the workload among field collectors, while the graph neural network provides travel time estimates to …
Development Of Defective Tiox And Hfo2-X For Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation Of Organic Pollutants, Mohammad Rahim Pour
Development Of Defective Tiox And Hfo2-X For Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation Of Organic Pollutants, Mohammad Rahim Pour
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The development of efficient photocatalysts capable of operating under visible light is critical for addressing persistent organic contaminants in wastewater. In this thesis, two complementary strategies are presented that exploit defect engineering and heterojunction construction to enhance charge separation, light absorption, and pollutant degradation. In the first study, titanium oxide quantum dots with a high density of oxygen vacancies were dispersed onto H-Beta zeolite supports via a sono-deposition approach. The zeolite substrate not only enabled uniform distribution of sub-5 nm TiOx particles, but also promoted pre-accumulation of cationic dyes, which significantly improved their subsequent oxidation. Structural and spectroscopic analyses confirmed …
Feasibility Study Of Utilization Of Calcium-Based Material For Integrated Methane Dry Reforming And Co2 Absorption-Mineralization Processes, Nattanan Watcharasawat
Feasibility Study Of Utilization Of Calcium-Based Material For Integrated Methane Dry Reforming And Co2 Absorption-Mineralization Processes, Nattanan Watcharasawat
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This thesis investigates an integrated absorption-mineralization and dry reforming of methane (IAM-DRM) loop. The aim is to demonstrate the feasibility of using CaCO3 derived from amine scrubbing both as a CO2 sink and as reactive support for in situ Ni activation during DRM, while simultaneously regenerating the MEA solvent and calcium material for repeated use. CO2 absorption of monoethanolamine (MEA) yield equilibrium loadings of 0.66 mol CO2 mol-1 MEA with regenerated MEA maintaining identical performance. Mineralization on CaCl2 and Ca(OH)2 produced different phases product. Temperature programmed DRM demonstrated that mineralized CaCO3 can activate Ni in situ and sustain CH4 conversion. …
Enhancing Large Language Models For Legal Question Answering : A Case Study On The Land And Building Tax Act In Thailand, Nattapat Tantapong
Enhancing Large Language Models For Legal Question Answering : A Case Study On The Land And Building Tax Act In Thailand, Nattapat Tantapong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Thailand's Land and Buildings Tax Act requires interpreting multiple legal instruments. However, general-purpose large language models often produce answers that lack both accuracy and verifiable legal citations, which are essential for legal reasoning. This study investigates whether curriculum-structured fine-tuning enables small Thai-aligned models (8B parameters) to perform comparably to large commercial models. The research constructs a domain-specific corpus of 8,410 Q&A pairs with 30,612 hard-negative triplets, then evaluates four curriculum designs and four adapter ranks using retrieval completeness and answer quality metrics. The experimental results reveal two key findings. First, hard-negative retrieval training improves Multi-HitRate@5 by 2.6% and Multi-MRR@5 by …
Electrochemical Reduction And Regeneration Of Carbamate, Nattiya Jumpadib
Electrochemical Reduction And Regeneration Of Carbamate, Nattiya Jumpadib
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
A reliable method for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) gas from industrial emissions involves CO2 absorption into monoethanolamine (MEA) solution to achieve carbon neutrality. However, the regeneration of MEA is costly and still requires heat to release the CO2 that was captured and other processes to manage the CO2 onwards. Our research demonstrates that integrating CO2 capture with electrochemical CO2 conversion reduces regeneration processes and converts CO2 into valuable products. The electrochemical reduction and regeneration of MEA-CO2 adduct (carbamate) were investigated simultaneously by using copper pulse-electrodeposited on copper foils as a cathode in a microchannel reactor. The gas products were analyzed …
Effect Of Catalyst Bed Configuration On Temperature Profile And Reactor Performance For Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis : A Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation, Natthasit Khawyen
Effect Of Catalyst Bed Configuration On Temperature Profile And Reactor Performance For Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis : A Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation, Natthasit Khawyen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research investigates the performance of the Fischer–Tropsch reaction in a fixed-bed reactor packed with spiral-structured catalysts using COMSOL Multiphysics to evaluate heat management, hot spot reduction, and the enhancement of high-value product selectivity. The study comprises two main scenarios. The first examines the effects of tube spacing and number of tubes in a multitube reactor arranged in a hexagonal pattern using a 20% Co/SiO₂ spiral-structured catalyst. In models R1–R4, which contain a fixed number of 10 tubes, tube spacing was found to have only a limited influence on temperature distribution; all models still exhibited a hot spot near the …
Performance Evaluation Of Strategic Bandwidth Block Assignment For Interference Reduction In High-Density 5g Nr Cell Environments, Pasapong Wongprasert
Performance Evaluation Of Strategic Bandwidth Block Assignment For Interference Reduction In High-Density 5g Nr Cell Environments, Pasapong Wongprasert
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Due to the increasing demand for mobile data, mobile network operators (MNOs) typically rely on cell densification to increase capacity. However, doing so also introduces more inter-cell interference (ICI), leading to lower spectral efficiency and making further capacity enhancements challenging. This thesis explores a bandwidth block assignment method for ICI mitigation. The core idea is to divide the bandwidth of an NR carrier into two partially overlapping bandwidth parts (BWPs) to reduce the impact of ICI. By allowing the two BWPs to share the same synchronization signal block (SSB), the same attach and handover configurations can be applied. A modified …
Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With Externally Anchored Rebars, Nyan Soe Lynn
Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With Externally Anchored Rebars, Nyan Soe Lynn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study investigates a minimally invasive rehabilitation method for reinforced concrete (RC) beams using externally anchored reinforcement by means of epoxy. Two programs were conducted: flexural rehabilitation using externally anchored longitudinal bars, and shear rehabilitation using externally anchored U-shaped stirrups. Four beam specimens were tested under four-point bending for the flexural program, and four under three-point bending for the shear program. Test results from the flexural program showed large deformation due to plastic hinge formation. Due to their unbonded nature, the external rebars engaged later than the internal reinforcement and developed large deflection. Load-carrying capacity, however, was not increased since …
Tailoring The Intrinsic Properties Of Polypropylene/Polypropylene Carbonate Blends Using Epoxidized Natural Rubber As A Bio-Based Compatibilizer, Patsita Suphansomboon
Tailoring The Intrinsic Properties Of Polypropylene/Polypropylene Carbonate Blends Using Epoxidized Natural Rubber As A Bio-Based Compatibilizer, Patsita Suphansomboon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The goal of this study was to enhance the biocompatibility of polypropylene/polypropylene carbonate (PP/PP) polymer blends by varying amounts of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR). This study focuses on determining how ENR concentration affects the interface and final properties of the polymer blend. A comprehensive analysis of the physical, mechanical, thermal, chemical, and dynamic mechanical properties, as well as the rheological properties of the PP/PPC system, was conducted to assess structural changes and property evolution within the PP/PPC system. The experimental results revealed that ENR can interact with PPC, resulting in a reduced domain size and a more uniform distribution. This …
Evaluating Co2 Storage Criteria : Focusing On Thailand's Petroleum Basins For Carbon Storage, Paul Tivere Benjamin
Evaluating Co2 Storage Criteria : Focusing On Thailand's Petroleum Basins For Carbon Storage, Paul Tivere Benjamin
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from large point sources remain central to Thailand’s climate challenge, and geological carbon capture and storage (CCS) is now included in national mitigation plans. However, Thailand still lacks a transparent way to compare candidate saline aquifers and petroleum basins in terms of storage performance, containment, and socio-economic conditions, while allowing for uneven data quality. This thesis develops a Thailand-specific, two-stage framework that combines threshold-based screening with a multi-criteria ranking framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Data Confidence Scores (DCS). Twenty-one criteria in three groups (capacity and injectivity, containment, and socio-economic constraints) were …
Diffusion Model-Based Synthetic Image Augmentation For Enhancing Vehicle Detection Model Performance, Pawaris Parnphotong
Diffusion Model-Based Synthetic Image Augmentation For Enhancing Vehicle Detection Model Performance, Pawaris Parnphotong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
A critical challenge for modern object detection models is the significant performance degradation encountered in adverse weather or poor lighting conditions. This issue primarily stems from the imbalance of training datasets, which are predominantly composed of normal daytime scenes, resulting in reduced robustness when models face challenging scenarios. Although traditional data augmentation techniques exist, they are limited to pixel-level adjustments and inherently restricted in generating data diversity. Consequently, this research proposes an approach utilizing diffusion models to generate realistic synthetic images that simulate new atmospheric and environmental conditions. To maximize the efficiency of synthetic data generation, we investigated a crucial …
Development Of Self-Healing Polymer From Bio-Based Benzoxazine Blend With Poly(Ethylene Glycol) For Anti-Biofouling Applications, Pharaporn Yodkum
Development Of Self-Healing Polymer From Bio-Based Benzoxazine Blend With Poly(Ethylene Glycol) For Anti-Biofouling Applications, Pharaporn Yodkum
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Biofouling remains a significant challenge in marine industries, as conventional coatings often lose their antifouling efficacy once they become damaged. Incorporating self-healing capabilities into antifouling coatings has therefore emerged as a promising strategy to extend service life and maintain long-term performance. In this study, self-healing polymers were developed based on a bio-derived benzoxazine resin (E-fa), synthesized from renewable precursors including eugenol (a phenol source), furfurylamine (an amine source), and paraformaldehyde, and subsequently blended with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The blends were formulated with varying weight ratios (95/5, 90/10, 85/15, and 80/20 wt/wt%) and PEG molecular weights (PEG-600, PEG-1500, and PEG-4000). This …
Real-Time Monitoring System For Sedentary Behavior Using Pose-Estimation Approach, Pheng Ou Chea
Real-Time Monitoring System For Sedentary Behavior Using Pose-Estimation Approach, Pheng Ou Chea
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Long-term sedentary behavior, defined as extended periods of sitting or inactivity, increases the risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other health problems. These risks are often underestimated due to low levels of physical activity. This study proposes the use of You Only Look Once (YOLO)–based pose estimation for dwell-time analysis to monitor sedentary behavior. We examined posture over an entire day to assess prolonged inactivity and encourage individuals to balance energy expenditure with available time—such as engaging in exercise in the early morning or evening according to recommended guidelines. For employees across generations, as well as for vulnerable groups such …
A Novel Hydrothermal Synthesis Process Of Mil-53(Al) Using Bamboo Biochar As A Sustainable Precursor For Co₂ Adsorption, Pisit Phayutcharoenkun
A Novel Hydrothermal Synthesis Process Of Mil-53(Al) Using Bamboo Biochar As A Sustainable Precursor For Co₂ Adsorption, Pisit Phayutcharoenkun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Among the numerous MOFs members, MIL-53 (Al) framework is one of the most interesting structures due to the breathing effect and has been widely investigated for hydrogen storage and water treatment. It is built up by the interconnection of infinite trans chains of corner-sharing AlO4(OH)2 octahedral by 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate ligands. MIL-53 crystallizes in a “wine rack” structure (Pnma, a = 17.129(2) Å, b = 6.628(1) Å, c = 12.182(1) Å, α = β = γ = 90°) with large internal pores held open by excess solvent and unreacted ligand in the as-synthesized state. Another challenge is the synthesis process and raw …
Simulation On Hydrogen Production From Mae-Moh Lignite Coal Gasification, Pitatchai Arunwong
Simulation On Hydrogen Production From Mae-Moh Lignite Coal Gasification, Pitatchai Arunwong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Hydrogen energy has attracted significant attention due to its cleanliness, efficiency, and sustainability. Gasification is considered one of the most promising thermochemical routes to convert coal into high-quality syngas, which can subsequently be utilized for hydrogen production. Mae-Moh lignite, a low-rank coal with low carbon content and high moisture and volatile matter, is selected as the feedstock for this study. This research aims to develop a comprehensive simulation model of a hydrogen production process, integrating gasification, water-gas shift (WGS), acid gas removal, and hydrogen purification using the software simulator. The model predicts hydrogen product gas composition from Mae-Moh lignite under …
Development Of Microfluidic Device To Monitor The Contamination In Drinking Water Using Impedance Spectroscopy, Pornpipat Oupchan
Development Of Microfluidic Device To Monitor The Contamination In Drinking Water Using Impedance Spectroscopy, Pornpipat Oupchan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Microplastic contamination is a growing concern, as microplastics have been found in brain tissue and can enter the body through consumption. The objective of this research is to develop a microfluidic device to monitor microplastic particles by using electrical impedance spectroscopy principles. The device operates based on a flow-through principle. The configuration of electrode consists of copper-based cylindrical electrode with diameter of 300 micrometer and a center-to-center spacing of 2000 micrometer. The electrodes are designed to be replaceable. The microchannel has a rectangular cross-section with a width of 2000 micrometer and a height of 1000 micrometer. The microfluidic device was …
Suppressing Bromine Volatilization In Anthraquinone–Bromine Flow Batteries Using A Low-Cost Quaternary-Ammonium Complexing Agent, Prapassorn Areebumrungsuk
Suppressing Bromine Volatilization In Anthraquinone–Bromine Flow Batteries Using A Low-Cost Quaternary-Ammonium Complexing Agent, Prapassorn Areebumrungsuk
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The deployment of anthraquinone-bromine redox flow batteries (AQBFBs) is hindered by the volatilization and corrosiveness of bromine (Br2), which elevates safety risks, causes active species loss, and reduces Coulombic Efficiency (CE). This study investigates the use of the low-cost additive 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHA) as a bromine-complexing agent to mitigate these issues. The CHA additive utilizes a quaternary ammonium group to electrostatically associate with bromine and polybromide species, forming stable CHA-Brn complexes. Simultaneously, its hydroxyl functionality enhances solubility in the aqueous electrolyte, which promoted the self-recovery of this oil phase to the aqueous phase and, in turn, suppresses bromine vapor pressure …
Large Language Model-Based Framework For Mental Health Support Conversation In Thai, Radchaneeporn Changpun
Large Language Model-Based Framework For Mental Health Support Conversation In Thai, Radchaneeporn Changpun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
As mental health support needs continue to rise in Thailand, access to professional care remains constrained. LLM-based chatbots present a scalable alternative, though most current systems are limited to single-turn, solution-focused interactions. This thesis introduces a Large Language Model-Based Framework for Mental Health Support Conversations in Thai, organizing dialogues around five fundamental mental health counseling stages: rapport building, problem identification, goal setting, working, and termination. Drawing from Person-Centered Therapy (PCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The framework was assessed against three single-agent baseline models using LLM-simulated users, with positive user reaction rates evaluated by LLMs. Results demonstrated a 79.01% …
Development Of P-Type Cesium Iodide Thin Film For Radiation Detection By Rf-Magnetron Sputtering, Rhett Simon Tabbada
Development Of P-Type Cesium Iodide Thin Film For Radiation Detection By Rf-Magnetron Sputtering, Rhett Simon Tabbada
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Cesium iodide (CsI) is a wide-bandgap alkali halide semiconductor with strong potential for radiation detection and optoelectronic integration, though its intrinsic insulating nature limits charge transport. In this study, the effects of silicon (Si) doping on the structural, optical, electrical, and radiation-response capabilities as a semiconductor of CsI thin films were determined. The CsI thin films were deposited on n-Silicon (n-Si) (100) substrates using magnetron sputtering. In the optimization of sputtering conditions, three films with a thickness of 250 nm were fabricated with varying sputtering power for Si: 0W, 5W, and 10W, while keeping the sputtering power for CsI constant …
Properties Modification Of High-Density Polyethylene Blending With Polypropylene Carbonate-Grafted-Stearic Acid, Suphiriya Khongphom
Properties Modification Of High-Density Polyethylene Blending With Polypropylene Carbonate-Grafted-Stearic Acid, Suphiriya Khongphom
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The purpose of this study is to improve the mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) by incorporating it with polypropylene carbonate-grafted-stearic acid (PPC-g-ST). PPC was modified with stearic acid to enhance interfacial adhesion and compatibility between HDPE and PPC. The blends were prepared using an internal mixer at 160°C with a rotation speed of 60 rpm for 8 minutes. PPC-g-ST was added to PPC at 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt% contents. FTIR confirmed the formation of ester linkages between the carboxylic groups of stearic acid (ST) and the hydroxyl groups of PPC through the appearance of characteristic absorption bands. …
Music Generation Using Large Language Models : A Case Study On Traditional Thai Music, Sutusta Kunasorn
Music Generation Using Large Language Models : A Case Study On Traditional Thai Music, Sutusta Kunasorn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study presents a framework for music generation using Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on the creation of symbolic compositions in the style of traditional Thai music. The framework integrates prompting techniques, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), and multi-agent collaboration to guide the model in producing melodies that reflect Thai musical characteristics. ABC notation is used as the primary representation, allowing LLMs to process musical structure in a text-based format. The system incorporates curated Thai musical examples and theoretical knowledge to support culturally informed generation, while multiple agents work together to compose, evaluate, and refine musical ideas using rubric-based criteria adapted from …
A Hybrid Hardware Modeling, Simulation, And Generation Framework : A Case Study Of Risc-V Out-Of-Order Superscalar Cpu Design, Tanawin Devaveja
A Hybrid Hardware Modeling, Simulation, And Generation Framework : A Case Study Of Risc-V Out-Of-Order Superscalar Cpu Design, Tanawin Devaveja
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
We present Kathryn, a novel framework that simplifies hardware design through a hybrid design flow and an integrated hybrid simulation approach. As specialized hardware demand grows, managing design complexity, precise control flow, and parallelism control remains challenging. Kathryn alleviates these issues by abstracting control logic and still maintaining designers’ cycle-accurate control ability. Moreover, Kathryn provides hardware-aggregation features, helping designers manage complex hardware component structures. As a result, in a simple RISC-V design, the model written in Kathryn shows a 2.6x reduction in lines of code compared to those of Verilog. [1] Moreover, in an Out-of-Order design, the model on Kathryn …
Endoplanar: Deformable Planar-Based Gaussian Splatting For Surgical Scene Reconstruction, Thatphum Paonim
Endoplanar: Deformable Planar-Based Gaussian Splatting For Surgical Scene Reconstruction, Thatphum Paonim
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Precise modeling of deformable anatomical structures from stereoscopic endoscopic footage plays a critical role in advancing surgical guidance and robotic automation within image-assisted medical procedures. Recent advances in Gaussian splatting have demonstrated real-time visualization capabilities with notable quality on endoscopic data; however, traditional 3D Gaussian representations introduce volumetric artifacts that compromise geometric fidelity and depth accuracy. We address these challenges through EndoPlanar, a deformable planar Gaussian framework that projects volumetric primitives onto planar surfaces. This planar formulation facilitates bias-free depth calculation and normal vector derivation—capabilities that remain elusive with standard ellipsoidal representations. We further incorporate a regularization mechanism to ensure …
Advancing Voice Spoofing Detection In Thai : A Comprehensive Dataset And Performance Analysis On Speaking Styles And Channel Effects, Ticho Urai
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Voice authentication is increasingly used in applications such as banking and call center verification, but it faces serious risks from spoofed voices. Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) and voice cloning make it possible to generate highly natural fake speech, creating an urgent need for robust anti-spoofing systems. While most prior work focuses on English, little research addresses the Thai language. To fill this gap, we present the Chula Spoofed Speech (CSS) dataset, a large-scale Thai corpus containing 1.3M utterances of both bona fide and synthetic speech. The synthetic samples are generated using five state-of-the-art TTS systems from the same utterances …
Bismuth Surfactant-Mediated Epitaxy Of Gaas(Bi) On On-Axis Ge(100) Substrates, Valgeir Sigmarsson
Bismuth Surfactant-Mediated Epitaxy Of Gaas(Bi) On On-Axis Ge(100) Substrates, Valgeir Sigmarsson
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In this work, Bi-surfactant-mediated epitaxy is applied in GaAs(Bi) film deposition on nom- inally on-axis Ge(100) substrates to investigate its effect on mitigating the formation of anti-phase domains (APDs) inherent to the polar-on-non-polar GaAs/Ge(100) heterostructure. GaAs(Bi) layers were deposited by solid-source molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with a V/III ratio of ~90 and stepwise variations in Bi flux between samples. The Bi-free GaAs sample exhibited an unstable RHEED pattern indicating ill-ordered growth mode, confirmed by AFM showing an amor- phous surface with an RMS value of ~20 nm. In contrast, Bi-assisted growth produced stable RHEED (1×3) surface reconstructions. AFM revealed single-crystal …
Risk Management For Irrigation Water Pumping Project In Myin Gyan District, Myanmar, Ye Lin Aung
Risk Management For Irrigation Water Pumping Project In Myin Gyan District, Myanmar, Ye Lin Aung
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study evaluates risk and performance management in the Si Mee Khon irrigation water pumping project in Myin Gyan District, Myanmar. Although intended to supply irrigation to 5,000 acres of farmland, the project has fallen short of planned targets. By Q3 2025, 53.62% of the budget had been spent while only 44% of the intended coverage had been completed, signalling significant delays and cost inefficiencies. The research identifies and prioritises key risks, assesses their effects on schedule and cost performance, and proposes mitigation strategies. A mixed-method approach was used, combining interviews with twenty MOALI officials and quantitative analysis based on …
Developing Data Handling Guidelines For Open-Source Llm Training In Compliance With Section 37 Under Thailand’S Pdpa And Related Legal Provisions, Nattakrit Kawejaiboon
Developing Data Handling Guidelines For Open-Source Llm Training In Compliance With Section 37 Under Thailand’S Pdpa And Related Legal Provisions, Nattakrit Kawejaiboon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study examines the application of Section 37 under Thailand’s PDPA to the fine-tuning of Open-weight Models in decentralized LLM development. Data controllers are defined as developers responsible for their specific stages including collection, storage, fine-tuning, and deployment, excluding the original base model liability. Utilizing doctrinal analysis, international frameworks, and semi-structured interviews with Thai practitioners, the research proposes a practical guideline for LLM data handling. Designed to assist small-scale developer groups who possess foundational knowledge of LLM data handling, the guidelines aim not to replace existing practices, but to guide and align current workflows towards legal compliance. This ensures that …
The Development Of Surveillance And Monitoring Tools For Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management System For Public Health Emergencies, Kakanang Tosanguan
The Development Of Surveillance And Monitoring Tools For Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management System For Public Health Emergencies, Kakanang Tosanguan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Background: Thailand frequently experiences public health emergencies (PHEs) that severely disrupt pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) management. This study addresses the urgent need for a specialized assessment tool to identify system weaknesses, support timely risk management, and enhance national preparedness planning.Methods: Utilizing a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design (July 2022–July 2024), the study began with a scoping review to identify existing frameworks. Following this, in-depth interviews with 36 key stakeholders synthesized conceptual domains. The draft tool underwent rigorous content validity assessment by 63 experts and was then pilot tested with 62 participants to confirm reliability (Cronbach’s alpha).Results: The evidence synthesis resulted in …
Chinese Students’ Mothers In Thailand: Transnational Education And Migration, Shan Li
Chinese Students’ Mothers In Thailand: Transnational Education And Migration, Shan Li
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This research focuses on Chinese mothers accompanying their children to study in Thailand, exploring their life experiences, identity transformation, and social adaptation within this transnational educational migration phenomenon. A mixed research method (questionnaire survey and interviews) was employed, systematically analyzing data from 151 questionnaires and 13 interviewed mothers. Results show that these accompanying mothers generally possess high levels of education and economic capability, with most abandoning their original professions for their children's education, forming a transnational family structure of husband remaining in China, wife accompanying her child in Thailand. While this model reinforces traditional gender roles, it also encourages women …
Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation And Growth In Hemp From Chicken Manure, Vermicompost, And Wastewater Sludge With Biochar And Health Risk Assessment, Chutiphan Sangsoda
Evaluation Of Heavy Metal Bioaccumulation And Growth In Hemp From Chicken Manure, Vermicompost, And Wastewater Sludge With Biochar And Health Risk Assessment, Chutiphan Sangsoda
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has become an economically valuable crop with a wide range of benefits. To promote more sustainable agricultural systems, the use of recycled substrates has increasingly replaced traditional fertilizers. However, substrates such as dry chicken manure, vermicompost, and wastewater sludge (WWS) combined with biochar often contain heavy metal contaminants, which may pose health risks through exposure to hemp. This study investigated three cultivars Rosella, Superwoman S1, and Red Robin over a 120-day period. The objectives were: (1) to compare the effects of dry chicken manure, vermicompost, and wastewater sludge (with and without biochar) on soil nutrient quality …