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Articles 181 - 210 of 223
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The Role Of Resources In The Internationalisation Of Small And Medium Enterprises (Smes), Muhammed Ngoma, Ernest Abaho, Ismail Nkambwe
The Role Of Resources In The Internationalisation Of Small And Medium Enterprises (Smes), Muhammed Ngoma, Ernest Abaho, Ismail Nkambwe
Business Management Review
Using a cross-sectional survey, this study investigates the relationship between firm resources (human capital, organisational capital and physical capital) and internationalisation of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Data was collected from 248 SMEs using self-administered questionnaires. Data was analysed using correlations and regression models. The study has established that a positive change in human capital, organisational capital and physical capital leads to a significant change in the internationalisation of SMEs. It has also established that an increase in physical resources weakens the predictive power of organisational capital resources in the internationalisation of SMEs. This study contributes to the scanty body …
Dynamics Of Social Networks And Growth Of Women-Owned Firms In Eritrea, Abel Habtemariam Tedla
Dynamics Of Social Networks And Growth Of Women-Owned Firms In Eritrea, Abel Habtemariam Tedla
Business Management Review
This paper examines the dynamics of social networks and their impact on the growth of women-owned firms. Paired samples t-test on 372 firms in Eritrea show that social networks are more important in the early stages than in the later stages and the difference is significant at p = .001. Regression analysis also reveals that social networks have an impact on the growth of the firm with R2 of .126 p < .001. From our empirical study, we provided evidence to the effect that the social networks ebb in importance along the business lifecycle. We also found that social networks contribute to growth. The study concludes that, the rate of dynamism of social networks depends on the socio-cultural factors and business context, which supports the feminist networking theories. In this regard, we extend the literature by arguing that firms ' networks are evolutionary constructs which depend upon the firms ' context.
Examining The Effects Of Socio Cultural Environment On Internationalization: Exporters' Perspective, Wineaster Anderson
Examining The Effects Of Socio Cultural Environment On Internationalization: Exporters' Perspective, Wineaster Anderson
Business Management Review
There is a shortage of literature and studies that link socio-cultural environment to internationalization particularly in developing countries. This paper examines the effects of socio-cultural environment on exporting using a multiple (n=30) case-study method. The exporter-specific in-depth interviews were conducted and responses categorized and presented using thematic statements and narrative form. The findings revealed that various cultural elements were affecting exporting activities particularly on marketing communication, price negotiations, labeling, branding and packaging. Language was found to have the greatest impact followed by education and religion. Exporters consider engaging local agents and exclusive distributors in the foreign markets as some of …
Appeal For Paradigmatic Research In Emerging Economies: Findings From An Analysis Of The Business Management Review (Bmr) Journal Articles, 1993-2014, Siasa Issa Mzenzi
Appeal For Paradigmatic Research In Emerging Economies: Findings From An Analysis Of The Business Management Review (Bmr) Journal Articles, 1993-2014, Siasa Issa Mzenzi
Business Management Review
This paper reports the findings stemming from a review of 97 articles published in the Business Management Review (BMR), a journal hosted by the University of Dar es Salaam Business School (UDBS) of the University of Dar es Salaam (UDSM), Tanzania. The overall aim of the review is to present the status of the published papers and their research implications in the context of emerging economies. The papers were classified and analysed according to research discipline, research settings, theoretical approach, nature of research, methodological approach, research methods, research location, residency (institutional affiliation), and number of authors. As part of corroborative …
Analysis Of Stakeholder Factors Influencing The Effectiveness Of Accounting Information Systems In Tanzania's Local Authorities, Henry Chalu
Business Management Review
This paper assesses the stakeholder-related factors which influence Accounting Information Systems (AIS) effectiveness in Tanzania ' s Local Authorities (LAs). Using data collected from 19 LAs in Tanzania, we tested six factors: management support, qualification of accounting staff, education of councilors, and availability of AIS consultants, external auditor specialization and councilors ' involvement in AIS matters using canonical correlation analysis (CCA). The results from CCA show that management support, external auditors ' specialization and councilors ' involvement are the most critical factors in ensuring AIS effectiveness in the country ' s local authorities. Next were the qualifications of accounting staff …
Satisfaction As A Predictor For Loyalty Programs In Tanzania, Shogo Mlozi
Satisfaction As A Predictor For Loyalty Programs In Tanzania, Shogo Mlozi
Business Management Review
The model proposed in this study reflects how tourists evolve from expectation and motivation into satisfaction and loyalty. Specifically, it proposes that satisfaction depends on expectations and travel motivations, and these influence loyalty. Expectation and motivation effects towards satisfaction were tested under two conditions or models, when satisfaction not entering a model as a predictor of loyalty and when satisfaction enters a model as a predictor of loyalty. This study employed convenience sampling to attractions and accommodation facilities located in Kilimanjaro and Arusha region. The questionnaire was self-administered. The analysis included a sample of 504 responses. Overall, expectations and motivations …
The Relationship Between Undergraduate Academic Achievement And Professional Examinations Performance, Said Juma Suluo, Muhsin Salim Masoud
The Relationship Between Undergraduate Academic Achievement And Professional Examinations Performance, Said Juma Suluo, Muhsin Salim Masoud
Business Management Review
This study assessed the relationship between various attributes of candidates ' undergraduate academic achievement and candidates' performance in the Certified Public Accountants (CPA) examination, making use of multiple regression estimation techniques. The analysis included 78 first time candidates, who wrote the examination (Module E and F) between May 2005 and November 2007. Results indicated a positive, statistically significant correlation between the examination scores and the candidate's grade point average (GPA) and credit hours in general education. Years out of school and age showed no significant correlation with examination performance. The results indicate that candidates need to put more effort on …
Antecedents And Consequences Of Business Trust In Retailing And Wholesaling In Tanzania, John Philemon, Lucy M. Mboma
Antecedents And Consequences Of Business Trust In Retailing And Wholesaling In Tanzania, John Philemon, Lucy M. Mboma
Business Management Review
The objective of the study was to explore antecedents and consequences of trust between suppliers and retailers in Tanzania. Cases were studied in detail to understand suppliers and retailers relationships. The study shows various sources of trust in retailing and wholesaling to include: paying promptly, paying as agreed, having a guarantor (prominent business person, a politician, ward office, clergy, a known customer), group protection, growing business, long-term buyer from the same supplier, regular customer, and background (knowing parents, brother, sister, schoolmates or, college or friends. There was also an indication of trust by virtue of race or ethnicity or sharing …
Effect Of Savings And Credit Co-Operative Societies Lending Policies And Risk-Taking Propensity On Micro And Small Enterprises Performance In Tanzania, Mbowe R. Kabung'a, Muhsin Salim Masoud
Effect Of Savings And Credit Co-Operative Societies Lending Policies And Risk-Taking Propensity On Micro And Small Enterprises Performance In Tanzania, Mbowe R. Kabung'a, Muhsin Salim Masoud
Business Management Review
This study investigated the Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies (SACCOS) lending policies, risk-taking propensity and the performance of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs), which are SACCOS loan beneficiaries in Tanzania. Questionnaires with closed-ended questions were used in a survey of 547 respondents to capture the required information. The study employed the quantitative research approach, using Analysis of Moments Structures to test the existing relationships among the variables. Findings from the study established the existence of a moderating effect of risk-taking propensity between SACCOS lending policies and MSEs ' performance. On the basis of the study findings, it is recommended that …
Linkage Banking And Outreach: A Case Of Microfinance Cooperatives In Tanzania, Esther Ishengoma
Linkage Banking And Outreach: A Case Of Microfinance Cooperatives In Tanzania, Esther Ishengoma
Business Management Review
While microfinance cooperatives (MFCs) involved in linkage banking has increased in order to overcome their financing gap and thus expand their outreach, studies associating microfinance institutions (MFIs) outreach with sustainability, cost efficiency and profitability signal the possibility of MFIs involved in linkage banking to reduce their outreach. Previous studies relating outreach to linkage banking are biased toward banking institutions. Based on semi-regression model applying primary data collected from 102 MFCs, this paper assesses the relationship between outreach and linkage banking. The results reveal missing and mixed effects of financial linkages on MFCs outreach. Explanations of these resultsinclude poor organisation of …
Owner Managers ' Perception Of The Impact Of Regulations On The Competitiveness Of Food Processors In Tanzania, Goodluck Charles, David Rwehikiza
Owner Managers ' Perception Of The Impact Of Regulations On The Competitiveness Of Food Processors In Tanzania, Goodluck Charles, David Rwehikiza
Business Management Review
This paper assesses the owner managers ' perception of the impact of regulations on competitiveness of food processors in Tanzania. Specifically, the paper examines the perceived relevance of existing regulations in the food processing sector, the level of enterprises ' satisfaction with the regulatory authorities in the sector and the extent to which competitiveness of food processors is affected by regulations. Based on review of the legislations directed to the food processing sector and the results of a survey of 115 firms, the findings reveal that even though most enterprises appreciate the value of regulating the food sector, they are …
Private Saving Behaviour And Ricardian Equivalence Theorem: The Case Of Tanzania, Innocent Pantaleo, Innocent Karamagi
Private Saving Behaviour And Ricardian Equivalence Theorem: The Case Of Tanzania, Innocent Pantaleo, Innocent Karamagi
Business Management Review
The determinants of private savings in Tanzania for the period 1970-2005 are investigated, with emphasis on how the Ricardian Equivalence Theorem explains private saving behaviour in Tanzania. The relevance of this theorem was examined using two different empirical models. In Model 1, the theorem was tested using government budget deficit; in Model 2, the net revenue from the sale of bonds was used. The results varied between the two models. In Model 2, the theorem was found to hold both in the short run and long run; whereas for Model 1, it was found not to hold. Thus, based on …
Influence Of Social Status And Corporate Image On Customer Satisfaction: A Test In The Mobile Phone Sector, Dev Jani
Business Management Review
Corporate image is one among the intangible company assets, and when used strategically, it can ensure long-term company profitability though customer satisfaction. This study aimed at testing the influence of corporate image and social comparison on customer satisfaction in the mobile sector in Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was employed in data collection from a convenience sample of mobile phone users that yielded 98 usable questionnaires. Regression analysis indicates social status to be a significant predictor of customer satisfaction compared to corporate image. The results imply managers need not only focus on improving the corporate image but also enhancing the social …
Upgrading In Local Linkages: Examining Fresh Fruits And Vegetables Value Chain From Smallholders To Tourist Hotels In Zanzibar, Winnie Nguni
Upgrading In Local Linkages: Examining Fresh Fruits And Vegetables Value Chain From Smallholders To Tourist Hotels In Zanzibar, Winnie Nguni
Business Management Review
This study aimed at examining smallholders upgrading in local linkages using evidence from fresh fruits and vegetables value chain from small farmers to tourist hotels in Zanzibar. The study employed a case study strategy of inquiry where, in-depth interviews with the hotel managers, intermediaries and small farmers were engaged in data collection which was later subjected to qualitative analysis and interpretation. The findings show that formal contracts coupled with captive linkages between tourist hotels and small farmers provide greater upgrading opportunities for smallholders. Market and other linkages characterised by informal contracts do not offer any potential for smallholders upgrading as …
The Role Of Mobile Money Services On Growth Of Small And Medium Enterprises In Tanzania: Evidence From Kinondoni District In Dar Es Salaam Region, Patricia Chale, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba
The Role Of Mobile Money Services On Growth Of Small And Medium Enterprises In Tanzania: Evidence From Kinondoni District In Dar Es Salaam Region, Patricia Chale, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba
Business Management Review
This study examined the role of mobile money services on growth of small and medium enterprises in Tanzania, where data was collected from respondents in Kinondoni District in Dar es Salaam Region. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires, which were distributed to 100 respondents, who yielded a 90% return rate. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the role of increased volume of sales, efficiency in purchase of stock, reduced time in processing payments, payments of goods and services, improved habit of savings, and money transfer on business growth in terms of market share, revenue and profitability. Based on technology …
The Effectiveness Of Entrepreneurial Networks In The Acquisition Of Marketing Information (Mi) Resources: Selected Small Manufacturing Firms In Tanzania, Omari Khalifa Mbura
The Effectiveness Of Entrepreneurial Networks In The Acquisition Of Marketing Information (Mi) Resources: Selected Small Manufacturing Firms In Tanzania, Omari Khalifa Mbura
Business Management Review
Using a sample of 210 small-sized manufacturing enterprises (SSEs) from the two largest commercial cities of Tanzania namely Dar es Salaam and Mwanza, the article examines the roles that structure (density and size), and contents (strength of ties) of inter-firm and social (types) networks play on marketing information acquisition of the SSEs. The two most important types of networks of the inter-firm and the social networks were used in determining which of their properties contribute most to the MI acquisition. Six hypotheses were developed from the properties of density, network size and network ties of the social and inter-firm networks …
Tanzania Consumers' Perception And Purchase Intention Of Imported And Domestic Wines, Ryoba Mzalendo, Dev Jani
Tanzania Consumers' Perception And Purchase Intention Of Imported And Domestic Wines, Ryoba Mzalendo, Dev Jani
Business Management Review
The purpose of this article is to ascertain Tanzania consumers ' perception of imported wines compared to locally produced wines. Data for this study was collected through a self-administered questionnaire distributed through intercepting wine consumers in major shopping malls in Dar es Salaam, the commercial city of Tanzania. A total of 201 questionnaires were subjected to descriptive and one sample t-tests. Imported wines are perceived to be of higher quality compared to local wines as well as provide high social status to consumers. The country of origin matters in wine purchase and generally consumers are satisfied with foreign wines albeit …
Firm Characteristics And Financing Of Mfis In Kenya, Erasmus Shubi Kaijage, Onesmus Mutunga Nzioka
Firm Characteristics And Financing Of Mfis In Kenya, Erasmus Shubi Kaijage, Onesmus Mutunga Nzioka
Business Management Review
This paper investigates whether firm characteristics have an influence on financing of MFIs in Kenya using a sample of 12 Microfinance firms. Primary and secondary data were collected and subjected to multiple regression and correlation analysis in order to achieve the study objectives. Firm characteristics, which are the independent variables, were measured by size, profitability, and risk, while financing of MFIs, which is the dependent variable, was measured by the Debt-Equity ratio and by the ratio of capital to total assets. Results of this study suggest that, a strong negative association between return on equity and total assets has an …
The Effect Of Separating Ownership From Control On Corporate Leverage, Josephat Lotto
The Effect Of Separating Ownership From Control On Corporate Leverage, Josephat Lotto
Business Management Review
This paper aims to examine how corporate leverage is affected by the separation of ownership from control .Using data from a sample of 643 listed UK firms, the results show supportive evidence of a statistically significant positive relationship between the largest shareholder ' s ownership concentration and debt ratio. More importantly, the results of the paper show a statistically significant and positive relationship between control-wedge (deviation between control rights and cash flow rights) and the debt ratio confirming that control attracts controlling shareholders to extract private benefits. This finding offers directly evidence for the debt-increasing effect of the hypothesis formulated …
Accounting Information Systems And Governance Issues In Local Government Authorities In Tanzania, Henry Chalu, Severine S. Kessy
Accounting Information Systems And Governance Issues In Local Government Authorities In Tanzania, Henry Chalu, Severine S. Kessy
Business Management Review
Among the strategies identified by MKUKUTA to improve good governance in Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania are those concerned with strengthening financial management, accounting, financial reporting, auditing and budgeting. The opinion is that strengthening those processes requires an effective accounting information system (AIS). Therefore this study had two aims; first to explore the role played by AIS in promoting accountability, participation, predictability and transparency; and second to identify factors influencing the effectiveness of AIS in fulfilling those roles. To achieve these objectives, the data analysed were collected from four LGAs through 23 interviews, 3 focus group discussions and documentary …
Transformation Of Non-Governmental Micro Finance Institutions (Mfis) In Tanzania, Marcelina Mvula Chijoriga
Transformation Of Non-Governmental Micro Finance Institutions (Mfis) In Tanzania, Marcelina Mvula Chijoriga
Business Management Review
Transformation of NGO micro finance institutions (MFIs) is one of the solutions for increasing the supply of financial services to micro and small enterprises and the rural poor. The findings revealed that there are a number of challenges affecting the transformation of MFIs, including the lack of human resource capacity; inadequate technical skills in banking and finance; the lack of demand-driven financial products; limited capital and loanable funds; weak ownership and governance structures; and poor information technology systems including poor loan tracking. The legal and regulatory framework and high donor dependence also affects MFIs ' operations as commercial enterprises as …
Performance Of Merged Banks In Tanzania: The Case Of Anc Bank Ltd And Hbc Bank Ltd, Sylvia Shayo Temu, James Andilile
Performance Of Merged Banks In Tanzania: The Case Of Anc Bank Ltd And Hbc Bank Ltd, Sylvia Shayo Temu, James Andilile
Business Management Review
This paper assesses the impact of mergers on the performance of merged banks in Tanzania using the CAMEL model. The study found no compelling evidence to support the assertion that mergers improve banks ' performance as the study had mixed results, both improvement and deterioration in some aspects. It was further observed that post-merger performance is greatly linked to the ability of the banks to strengthen the quality of assets. This is because deterioration in their quality affects both earnings and banks ' capital. The study recommends that banks institute robust risk- management systems to improve their performance in the …
Does A Loan Have An Impact On Attitude To Risk Among Micro-Entrepreneurs In Tanzania?, Onesmo Selejio
Does A Loan Have An Impact On Attitude To Risk Among Micro-Entrepreneurs In Tanzania?, Onesmo Selejio
Business Management Review
Intervention with small loans for micro-entrepreneurs is crucial for the establishment and growth of their businesses. Intervention of this sort, however, induces changes in behaviour and attitude to risk depending on the repayment mechanisms in place. From the entrepreneurial point of view, after obtaining the loan, the borrowing agents are likely to make decisions that are associated with higher risk than would have been otherwise. But the argument is that, if the repayment mechanisms are so draconian, the opposite can occur, making micro-entrepreneurs more risk averse. Such entrepreneurs are likely to maintain the status quo and strive to be able …
Comparing Competitiveness Of Family And Non-Family Smes In Tanzania, Goodluck Charles
Comparing Competitiveness Of Family And Non-Family Smes In Tanzania, Goodluck Charles
Business Management Review
This paper aims at examining competitiveness of family firms in comparison with non-family firms assessing the differences in the strategies applied by the two categories of firms. Using a sample of 341 SMEs, MANOVA was applied to compare competitiveness and the strategies of the firms studied. The findings show that family SMEs are generally more competitive than non-family SMEs in terms of financial indicators. However, in terms of market based-indicators, the difference in competitiveness is insignificant between the two groups of firms. The findings also show that family enterprises have a greater inclination and focus on the longer-term horizon, to …
Financial-Linkages And Cost Efficiency: Lessons From Tanzanian Microfinance Cooperatives, Esther Ishengoma
Financial-Linkages And Cost Efficiency: Lessons From Tanzanian Microfinance Cooperatives, Esther Ishengoma
Business Management Review
This paper attempts to examine the effect of financial linkages on cost margin and efficiency of microfinance cooperatives (MCs) in Tanzania. Based on data from six focus group discussions comprising 112 managers from 102 MCs, the paper starts by exploring the nature of linkages between commercial banks and MCs. It further applies quantitative analyses: the stochastic frontier and semi-logarithm regression models to examine the effect financial linkages on cost efficiency and cost margin. The paper reveals that financial linkages increase cost margin and inefficiency of MCs. It therefore enlightens MCs ' stakeholders on the possible explanations of the positive effects …
University - Industry Linkage In Tanzania And Its Impact On Smes ' Development, Erasmus Shubi Kaijage
University - Industry Linkage In Tanzania And Its Impact On Smes ' Development, Erasmus Shubi Kaijage
Business Management Review
The objective of this study was to identify the level of interaction between Tanzanian universities and industry and to analyze the effectiveness of university-industry linkage in contributing to the development of industry and particularly of SMEs in Tanzania. The study was carried out in 2007 to investigate the relationship between universities and industry using the University of Dar es Salaam and Sokoine University of Agriculture as cases, and using a sample of thirty five businesses in Tanzania located in Dar es Salaam. Officials of government ministries and agencies were interviewed and policy documents were reviewed to determine the influence of …
Increasing The Competitive Strengths Of Tanzanian Tourism Firms-The Strategic Role Of Information Technology, Tumsifu Elly, Hakan Boter
Increasing The Competitive Strengths Of Tanzanian Tourism Firms-The Strategic Role Of Information Technology, Tumsifu Elly, Hakan Boter
Business Management Review
This study investigates the relationship between information technology (IT) and firms ' competitive advantage. A conceptual model hypothesizing the relationship between human and IT resources and their influence on firms ' capabilities and competitive advantage is conceived. Market and resource-based views are applied to investigate what differentiates firms ' performance as they deploy IT. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to validate the model and test the hypothesized relationships using 217 cases of SMTEs in Tanzania. The findings demonstrate that IT value depends on both IT and human resources. Industry-specific skills, knowledge and experience and managements ' skills, knowledge and experience …
Factors Influencing The Effectiveness Of Maintenance Of Construction Equipment, S. M. Mongomongo, Emmanuel A. M. Mjema
Factors Influencing The Effectiveness Of Maintenance Of Construction Equipment, S. M. Mongomongo, Emmanuel A. M. Mjema
Business Management Review
The objective of this study was to establish the factors influencing the effectiveness of maintenance of Construction Equipment (CE). The methodology used included literature review, observation, interviews, and questionnaire. The established factors influencing the effectiveness of maintenance of CE include: wrong perception of users of the effect of maintenance on productivity and on effectiveness of the machine; failure of the owners and users to comprehend the importance of outsourcing maintenance, which denies the companies the opportunity of using specialised expertise of OEM personnel trained in maintenance given that the companies have maintenance personnel with a low level of skills. Therefore …
The East African Community (Eac) And Its Influence On Tanzania's Manufactured Exports Intensity And Competitiveness, Deusdedit Rwehumbiza
The East African Community (Eac) And Its Influence On Tanzania's Manufactured Exports Intensity And Competitiveness, Deusdedit Rwehumbiza
Business Management Review
This paper examines the relationship between the revived EAC and both export intensity and competitiveness of Tanzania ' s manufactured exports in the East African region. The study uses simple descriptive statistics, which is later supplemented with export intensity and export competitiveness models (also termed as indices) to determine the dynamics and competitiveness of Tanzania ' s intra-EAC manufactured exports. Manufactured export intensity is above 100 whereas export competitiveness is found to have increased but below unit since the establishment of the current EAC. Concerted efforts should be taken within both, Tanzania and the EAC as a whole so as …
The Global Debate On Budgeting: Empirical Evidence From Nigeria, Abogun Segun, Fagbemi Temitope Olamid
The Global Debate On Budgeting: Empirical Evidence From Nigeria, Abogun Segun, Fagbemi Temitope Olamid
Business Management Review
Empirical evidence from developed economies provides that budgeting is a veritable tool for planning, controling, coordinating, communicating, evaluating and improving performance and decision making. On the other hand, some experts have mounted wide-ranging criticism of the manner in which budgetary systems are typically implemented. It is claimed that budgeting is not a worthwhile exercise, adds no value to organizations, managers are dissatisfied with it, and therefore it should be abandoned. However, the main focus of this research is to provide empirical evidence from a developing economy on the relevance of the budgetary system. A primary source of data was used …