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Business Management Review

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Residents ' Perception Of Tourism Impacts And Involvement: A Cluster Analysis Of Kilimanjaro Residents, Tanzania, Dev Jani Oct 2017

Residents ' Perception Of Tourism Impacts And Involvement: A Cluster Analysis Of Kilimanjaro Residents, Tanzania, Dev Jani

Business Management Review

This study aimed at segmenting residents around Mount Kilimanjaro on the basis of their perception of economic, environmental, and socio-cultural impacts of tourism. A structured questionnaire yielded 160 cases that were clustered and analyzed using non-hierarchical analysis followed by hierarchical cluster analysis. Two clusters were noted to differ with respect to their perceived impacts of tourism. Among the demographic variables, only gender served in differentiating the clusters. The two clusters were observed to differ in terms of economic, political, and social involvement of residents with tourism industry. Residents who are involved in tourism industry are likely to be positive on …


Influence Of Perceived Environmental Turbulence On Market Orientation Of Service Firms In Tanzania, Diana Mwilu Philemon Oct 2017

Influence Of Perceived Environmental Turbulence On Market Orientation Of Service Firms In Tanzania, Diana Mwilu Philemon

Business Management Review

The article examines the influences of perceived environmental turbulence on market orientation of service firms in Tanzania. A conceptual framework linking perceived environmental turbulence and market orientation was developed and tested using a sample of 178 service firms. The sample comprised hotels, travel agents and tour operators and insurance agents. Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyse data. Results indicate that the perceived environmental turbulence components, namely, perceived technological turbulence and perceived market turbulence influence positively the market orientation of service firms whereas the perceived competitive intensity influences negatively the market orientation of service firms in Tanzania. The findings contribute …


Acceptance Of Mobile Phone Payments Systems In Tanzania: Technology Acceptance Model Approach, Victor G. Wilson, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba Oct 2017

Acceptance Of Mobile Phone Payments Systems In Tanzania: Technology Acceptance Model Approach, Victor G. Wilson, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba

Business Management Review

This paper presents a quantitative study on the users ' acceptance of mobile phone payment systems (MPPS). Basing on the technology acceptance model (TAM), the study specifically evaluated the influence of ease of use; perceived usefulness; service quality; and information systems qualities of payment systems in the adoption and use of MPPS. A questionnaire survey was carried with 300 users out of which 260 were clean for data analysis using SPSS version 21. To supplement the survey, the study deployed interviews. The regression results indicate significant influence of the regressed variables with slightly low values of the adjusted R-square. The …


The Influence Of Administrative Features And Users ' Attributes On The Success Of Technological Aspects For E-Government Implementation In Tanzania: Users ' Perspectives, Joyce Sichone, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba Oct 2017

The Influence Of Administrative Features And Users ' Attributes On The Success Of Technological Aspects For E-Government Implementation In Tanzania: Users ' Perspectives, Joyce Sichone, Ulingeta O.L. Mbamba

Business Management Review

Electronic government (e-government) has been a policy issue for several nations since 1990s. Although e-government is vital due to its importance inenhancing efficiency in public sector services, itsimplementation has manychallenges. This study, therefore, aimed at examining the administrative features and users ' attributes as far as technological aspects are concerned, for e-government implementation. Data wascollected by using structured questionnaires served to Customs Staff and Tax Practitioners in DaresSalaam Region. This data included technological aspects (e.g.ICT infrastructure and support); user ' s attributes (e.g. education levels); and administrative aspects in ICT regulations. Itwasanalysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics,factor analysis and finally, thestudy …


Towards Social Media Usage For Promotional Activities In Tanzanian Pension Schemes A Factor Scores Regression Analysis Of Perceived Factors, Juma James Masele, Gerald Bernard Magova Jun 2017

Towards Social Media Usage For Promotional Activities In Tanzanian Pension Schemes A Factor Scores Regression Analysis Of Perceived Factors, Juma James Masele, Gerald Bernard Magova

Business Management Review

This study assessed perceived factors for social media usage among pension schemes in Tanzania in their endeavour to enhance their promotional activities. Specifically, it sought to assess perception by pension firms regarding social media as promotional tools for their activities in the pension firms. The study involved 96 Social Security Organisations (SSOs) employees from four Pension Schemes (NSSF, GEPF, PSPF and PPF) headquarters in Dar es Salaam. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) using factor analysis and later regression analysis. Through regression analysis, findings indicated that social media usage for promotional activities is predicted …


Entrepreneurial Activities And Growth Of Women Businesses: A Case Of Tanzania, Juliana G. Wilbard, Omari Khalifa Mbura Jun 2017

Entrepreneurial Activities And Growth Of Women Businesses: A Case Of Tanzania, Juliana G. Wilbard, Omari Khalifa Mbura

Business Management Review

The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors that affect the growth of women ' s businesses in Tanzania. It focuses on education and training, financing, family, double-burden double-shift and networking and market as factors that hinder women ' s business growth. To achieve this objective, a cross-section survey of women ' s SMEs in Tanzania was carried out. It used a sample of 254 randomly selected women entrepreneurs from cloth, wholesaling, retailing, hair salon, food vending, handicraft, mobile money, microfinance institution, tailoring, charcoal selling, fish selling and vegetable selling businesses in Tanzania to test the four hypotheses …


Women Entrepreneurs ' Strategies And Tourism Development In Zanzibar, Nelly S. Maliva Jun 2017

Women Entrepreneurs ' Strategies And Tourism Development In Zanzibar, Nelly S. Maliva

Business Management Review

This article uses the concept of enactment to determine how the strategies women adopt to work in the tourism industry contribute to the development of the industry in Zanzibar. The article positions women as capable of negotiating with the structures that constrain their participation in the tourism industry and that they are an integral part of the environment they live or operate in. It identifies the strategies they use and their coping mechanism. As women in the Zanzibar archipelago have generally been limited in their exposure to formal education, they deploy their household competence to thrive in the industry. In …


Fundraising Initiatives In Children 'S Welfare Projects - Perspectives From Local Ngos, Deusdedit Rwehumbiza, Revocatus R. Donat Jun 2017

Fundraising Initiatives In Children 'S Welfare Projects - Perspectives From Local Ngos, Deusdedit Rwehumbiza, Revocatus R. Donat

Business Management Review

Despite the existence of numerous sources of funding such as the government, multilateral agencies, corporate sponsorship, family foundations and individual donors, NGOs in Tanzania are still experiencing challenges in obtaining children welfare project funds. This study set out to examine the effectiveness of fundraising initiatives undertaken by local NGOs to improve the welfare of orphans and vulnerable children in Ilala District, Tanzania. A holistic multiple case study design was employed using semi-structured interviews with local NGO leaders. With the assistance of Nvivo software programme, pattern coding was inductively used to bring together coded information into more compact and meaningful groupings. …


Ethnic Entrepreneurship And Internationalisation In East Africa, Leendert De Bell, Hein Roelfsema, Khalid Swabir Jun 2017

Ethnic Entrepreneurship And Internationalisation In East Africa, Leendert De Bell, Hein Roelfsema, Khalid Swabir

Business Management Review

Using the World Bank Enterprise Surveys panel data for the East African Community, this paper analyses the influence of ethnic origin of entrepreneurs on internationalisation and firm performance. Using traditional probit and OLS estimation techniques in combination with matching strategies to account for selection and nonlinearity, we show that the African Indian background of the entrepreneur is a conditional predictor for international activity. In addition, we show that the effect of exporting in terms of innovation and growth is stronger for indigenous entrepreneurs when compared to African Indian entrepreneurs. Hence, we conclude that learning by exporting in recent times is …


Trade Balance Determinants In East African Countries, Robert Suphian Jun 2017

Trade Balance Determinants In East African Countries, Robert Suphian

Business Management Review

East African Community (EAC) countries run huge trade imbalances and have maintained it as high as five percent for many years. Many countries including those from EAC borrow to sustain their budget deficits. This borrowing raised concerns about the sustainability of these imbalances and long-term consequences. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to examine empirically the determinants of trade balance in East African countries and propose possible trade balance deterioration remedies. The proposed trade balance model was estimated using cointegration regression under the Full Modified Least Square (FMOLS) followed by the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Different mixed …


Antecedentsof Perceived Auditors ' Vis-Ã-Vis Pressure Groups ' Power In Public Sector: A Case Studyof Dar Es Salaam, Victor Bahati Jun 2017

Antecedentsof Perceived Auditors ' Vis-Ã-Vis Pressure Groups ' Power In Public Sector: A Case Studyof Dar Es Salaam, Victor Bahati

Business Management Review

This paper examines the usefulness of auditors-versus-pressure groups ' power in enforcing accountability in the public sector. The paper demonstrates mobilisation and lobbying model and uses data, collected from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to test the significance of difference in the perception of accountants and nonaccountants of the pressure groups. Many-Whitney U-test was used to determine the similarity between the two groups, with the factor analysis being deployed to establish the underlying factors for pressure groups ' popularity over auditors. The study found three reasons that make pressure groups more popular in the eyes of the people. The first reason …


The Mediation Effects Of Buyer-Supplier Integration On The Relationship Between Supplier-Specific Investments And Supplier-Opportunism, Gladness Salema Jun 2017

The Mediation Effects Of Buyer-Supplier Integration On The Relationship Between Supplier-Specific Investments And Supplier-Opportunism, Gladness Salema

Business Management Review

This research concerns opportunism in a buyer-supplier relationship. Based on transaction cost and relational contracting theories, it examines the mediation effects of the buyer-supplier integration on the relationship between supplier specific investment and opportunism. Mediation effects were estimated using structural equation modelling based on a survey of 111 key informants in the public health facilities in Tanzania. The unit of analysis is the exchange relationship between the Medical Supplies Department (MSD) and the public health facility. The analysis revealed that the buyer-supplier integration negatively mediates the effects of supplier-specific investments on opportunism. In this research, external validity is limited due …


Analysis Of Education Levels And Small Business Financial Worth In Uganda, Rogers Matama Dec 2016

Analysis Of Education Levels And Small Business Financial Worth In Uganda, Rogers Matama

Business Management Review

A common impression prevails that the higher the education of business owners the lower the business prosperity, that the highly educated individuals suffer from the ' paralysis of analysis ' and so their firms are alleged to financially starve due to excessive financial risk analyzes. This motivated investigations of the effect of educational levels of small business owners on small business financial worth. Financial worthiness in this study is defined by the financial value of the total assets of the firm while the educational levels constitute, secondary education, post-secondary and university degree. From a heterogeneous sample of 528 small firms …


Firm Capabilities, Entrepreneurial Competency And Performance Of Ugandan Smes, Ernest Abaho, Sylvia Aarakit, Joseph Ntayi, Moses Kisubi Dec 2016

Firm Capabilities, Entrepreneurial Competency And Performance Of Ugandan Smes, Ernest Abaho, Sylvia Aarakit, Joseph Ntayi, Moses Kisubi

Business Management Review

This paper is based on a study that examined the relationship between the firms ' capabilities, entrepreneurial competency and performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Uganda. The study used stratified random sampling to derive a sample of 314 SMEs and a cross-sectional research design. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires that were filled out by firm owners and managers as units of enquiry whereas a firm was the unit of analysis. The study findings indicate that an increase in the level of a firm ' s capabilities through competent management, market linkages and marketing capabilities leads to enhanced …


The Impact Of Owner's Identity On Corporate Capital Structure, Josephat Lotto Dec 2016

The Impact Of Owner's Identity On Corporate Capital Structure, Josephat Lotto

Business Management Review

This paper examines how the identity of corporate owners affects corporate leverage in the UK. Using data from a sample of 643 listed UK firms, the results show that family-controlled firms have higher debt ratios than companies controlled by financial institutions. The implication is that family-controlled companies prefer debt to equity in their capital structure due to either a control-enhancing mechanism and/or firm ' s protection from take-over threats. The paper, further confirms that corporate control contestability has also a positive impact on debt ratio. In essence, a smaller value of control contestability signifies more equal distribution of the voting …


Influence Of Perceived Trust In Rural Consumer Mobile Payment Service Adoption: An Understanding Of Moderation Effects Of Gender And Age, Eliezer Taluka, Juma James Masele Dec 2016

Influence Of Perceived Trust In Rural Consumer Mobile Payment Service Adoption: An Understanding Of Moderation Effects Of Gender And Age, Eliezer Taluka, Juma James Masele

Business Management Review

Mobile Payment Services present a noble potential to increase financial inclusiveness by extending access to financial services to rural consumers, which have to contend with severely access to traditional financial facilities such as Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), bank branches and other financial institutions. Despite the potential that mobile payment services offer, perceived uncertainties present one of the causes behind low consumer mobile payment services adoption in rural areas. Yet, the extent to which perceived trust influence behavioural intention to adopt mobile payment services in Tanzania differ among younger and older rural consumers, and, female and male rural consumers has not …


Effects Of Clients ' Literacy On Default And Delinquency Of Savings And Credit Co-Operative Societies In Tanzania, Neema Mori, Thadeo Nyantori, Donath Olomi Dec 2016

Effects Of Clients ' Literacy On Default And Delinquency Of Savings And Credit Co-Operative Societies In Tanzania, Neema Mori, Thadeo Nyantori, Donath Olomi

Business Management Review

This study examines the influence of economic and financial literacy on the delinquency and default rate of clients of rural Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies (SACCOSs) in Tanzania. The data were collected from a random sample of 200 individual loan beneficiaries drawn from eight SACCOSs, and analysed using regression models. The findings established that the level of economic and financial literacy of rural borrowers is very low. The study also found a negative relationship between economic literacy and financial literacy, on the one hand, and default and delinquency, on the other. This suggests that borrowers ' inability to make prudent …


Investigation Of Budgetary Performance Measurement Practices And Use Of Accounting Information In Tanzanian Local Government Authorities (Lgas) Decision Making Process, Latifa Mbelwa Dec 2016

Investigation Of Budgetary Performance Measurement Practices And Use Of Accounting Information In Tanzanian Local Government Authorities (Lgas) Decision Making Process, Latifa Mbelwa

Business Management Review

The main objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between budgetary performance measurement assessment practices and the use of accounting information in the Local Government budgetary decision making processes. The paper specifically seeks to establish relationship between the assessment of Local Government Capital Development Grant (LCDG) and symbolic and instrumental use of accounting information in LGAs ' budgetary decision making process. The motivation of the research objective is based on the peculiar role of performance measurement as New Public Management techniques for achieving efficiency and ensures financial legitimacy in LGAs of developing countries. The paper is informed by …


Managers Or Corporates?: Curbing Non-Compliance Through Corporate Income Tax Penalty, Deogratias N. Mahangila Dec 2016

Managers Or Corporates?: Curbing Non-Compliance Through Corporate Income Tax Penalty, Deogratias N. Mahangila

Business Management Review

Governments normally impose tax penalties for tax non-compliance. They can either impose financial corporate income tax penalties on corporates or tax managers in cases of corporate income tax non-compliance. However, the effectiveness of these corporate income tax penalty incidences remains largely unknown. This paper examines their effectiveness experimentally. In all, 100 Bachelor of Commerce second-year students at the University of Dar es Salaam participated in the laboratory experiment. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups: of managers and of owner-managers. Then the two groups were subdivided randomly into two groups based on corporate income tax penalty incidences: corporate income …


Containing Opportunism In Buyer-Seller Relationships: A Case Of Tour Operators And Accommodation Establishments In The Tanzania's Tourism Industry, Benjamin Moses Sakita Jun 2016

Containing Opportunism In Buyer-Seller Relationships: A Case Of Tour Operators And Accommodation Establishments In The Tanzania's Tourism Industry, Benjamin Moses Sakita

Business Management Review

This study draws on the transaction cost theory (TCA), relational contracting theory (RCT) and resource dependence theory (RDT). The author investigates the impact of interpersonal and inter-firm trust, prior relationship duration, and asymmetric buyer dependence on supplier opportunism in the tour operator-accommodation establishment relationship. Data analysed is from a survey involving 81 tour operators in Tanzania ' s tourism industry. The data corroborates predictions of RCT, TCA and RDT. Specifically, trust dissipates supplier opportunism. Moreover, the effect of asymmetric buyer dependence on supplier opportunism moves in a non-monotonic fashion over the range of relationship duration. The non-monotonic movement indicates that, …


Credit Availability For Tanzania's Small Businesses: A Gender Perspective, Josephat Lotto Jun 2016

Credit Availability For Tanzania's Small Businesses: A Gender Perspective, Josephat Lotto

Business Management Review

The purpose of this study was to examine whether firm and owners ' characteristics are driven by gender and whether gender is attributable to credit accessibility in small and locally-owned firms in Tanzania. The study uses data collected from 400 small businesses through questionnaires and interviews and analyses it using univariate and multivariate statistical tools The findings show that female owners are less educated, have less work experiences and their firms are relatively smaller and younger than in the case for males. Moreover, female-owned firms were more likely to be organised as sole proprietorship or partnerships. Also the findings indicate …


Model For Exploring Women Entrepreneurial Motivation In The Tanzanian Construction Industry, Gladys Sospeter Nyamagere Jun 2016

Model For Exploring Women Entrepreneurial Motivation In The Tanzanian Construction Industry, Gladys Sospeter Nyamagere

Business Management Review

Although the contribution of women entrepreneurs in construction industry (WECI) to economic development is increasingly being recognized both in practice and theory, there is limited understanding about the experiences and conduct of WECI. This paper aimed at addressing the knowledge gap by providing insights about the motives that drive women to start and develop businesses in the construction industry in Tanzania. The case study research strategy was employed in which six WECI were studied. Data were collected through a combination of methods, including in-depth interviews. Data were subjected to qualitative analysis techniques. The findings show that, unlike women in traditional …


Determinants Of Bank Capital Structure €“ Does Bank Ownership Matter? Evidence From Tanzania, Tobias A. Swai, Daudi V.B. Lwiza, Michael O.A. Ndanshau Jun 2016

Determinants Of Bank Capital Structure €“ Does Bank Ownership Matter? Evidence From Tanzania, Tobias A. Swai, Daudi V.B. Lwiza, Michael O.A. Ndanshau

Business Management Review

This study examined the determinants of capital structure of commercial banks operating in Tanzania using panel financial data of 14 banks drawn from 1998 to 2010 on a quarterly basis. A multiple-indicators-multiple-causes structural equation modelling was applied, with a consideration for structural break. In order of importance, bank size, profitability, non-tax depreciation shield, growth and volatility have been determined to be key determinants in capital structure decisions of commercial banks in Tanzania. Controlling for the ownership, growth of the banking firms is not significant in determining the capital structure among foreign banks. The study contributes to the understanding of commercial …


Adoption Of Standards And Certification Among Tanzanian Agribusiness Firms For Export: Demystifying Gaps In Internationalisation Theory, Tumsifu Elly Jun 2016

Adoption Of Standards And Certification Among Tanzanian Agribusiness Firms For Export: Demystifying Gaps In Internationalisation Theory, Tumsifu Elly

Business Management Review

This paper is based on the thesis that standards and their derivative certification are missing in the rubrics of the internationalisation theory. The paper draws on findings from a study that was carried out to explain the relevance of standards and their attendant certification in explaining internationalisation from the Tanzanian agribusiness context. The study ' s three specific objectives were to determine the relevancy of standards in explaining export and internationalisation of agribusiness in the Tanzania context; determine the requirements for the adoption of standards for export; and find out the challenges to the adoption of standards among smallholder producers …


Efficiency Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Liberia: The Case Of Monrovia, Wellington J. Barchue, Jehovaness Aikaeli Dec 2015

Efficiency Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Liberia: The Case Of Monrovia, Wellington J. Barchue, Jehovaness Aikaeli

Business Management Review

The study looks into the efficiency status of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Monrovia, Liberia. Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) techniques are employed to analyse primary data to investigate the technical efficiency of the selected SMEs. Estimation results show that SMEs in Monrovia are generally inefficient. The mean inefficiency is 21 percent, and around 11 percent of the SMEs interviewed have inefficiency of over 30 percent. Despite the meagre financial resources at the disposal of the SMEs in Monrovia, there is an apparent underutilisation that needs to be addressed. Moreover, the study used a Two-Limit Tobit model to identify factors …


Success And Usefulness Of Business Development Services In Tanzania ' S Smes Market, Omari Khalifa Mbura, Merezia Wilson Bambaganya Dec 2015

Success And Usefulness Of Business Development Services In Tanzania ' S Smes Market, Omari Khalifa Mbura, Merezia Wilson Bambaganya

Business Management Review

The study examined the success and usefulness of successful provision of useful Business Development Services (BDS) in Tanzania ' s SME market. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which the demand side and supply side factors as well as government support influence the successful provision of BDS. A survey methodology was deployed in the conduct of this study. Using random sampling, 100 respondents were selected to take part in a questionnaire survey: 50 questionnaires were administered with Business Development Services Providers (BDSPs) and 50 questionnaires with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The selected enumeration areas (EAs) were all based …


Role Of Language In Foreign Students ' Adjustment Process In The Study Of Introductory Accounting Courses, Said Juma Suluo Dec 2015

Role Of Language In Foreign Students ' Adjustment Process In The Study Of Introductory Accounting Courses, Said Juma Suluo

Business Management Review

This study examines the role of language in facilitating the foreign students ' adjustment process in the study of introductory accounting courses at the University of Dar es Salaam Business School. Data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews and then analysed thematically. The findings generally show that introductory accounting courses posed challenged and, as such, collaboration among students was perceived to be the most successful study strategy. However, foreign students could not successfully collaborate with their local counterparts due to their lack of aptitude in the local language, Kiswahili, coupled with the local students ' preferring to use …


Top Management Characteristics And Firms ' Performance In Tanzania: A Case Of Selected Firms, John R.P. Mwakyusa, Severine S. Kessy Dec 2015

Top Management Characteristics And Firms ' Performance In Tanzania: A Case Of Selected Firms, John R.P. Mwakyusa, Severine S. Kessy

Business Management Review

This study examined the influence of top management teams of financial institutions, tourism enterprises and manufacturing firms on these firms ' performance. Informed by Hambrick ' s Upper Echelons Theory, various studies have examined the relationship between top managers and organisational performance and the findings have been only been contentious but also offered contradictory conclusions. A total of 363 managers from the three sectors of the economy were surveyed in Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Mwanza, and Kilimanjaro using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (Frequencies, Percentages, Means, and Standard Deviations) and inferential statistics (Structural Equation Modelling) were employed to establish the …


Contribution Of Tourism Fdi To Poverty Alleviation: A Selected Case From Hunting Safaris In Tanzania, Wineaster Anderson, Grace Nicodemus Dec 2015

Contribution Of Tourism Fdi To Poverty Alleviation: A Selected Case From Hunting Safaris In Tanzania, Wineaster Anderson, Grace Nicodemus

Business Management Review

This study assesses the contribution of tourism-based foreign direct investment to poverty alleviation using the single case-study method. It focuses on income generation, natural resources and environmental conservation, technology transfer to the local community, human capital development, and access to health and water services, job creation and economic empowerment for conservation as its contribution to poverty alleviation. Forty-four (44) companies were granted hunting licences in 2014. Of the companies, Tanzania Game Trackers Safari (TGTS) operates in 125 villages in Tanzania €”a wider coverage than that of other companies. Therefore, this study took TGTS as the case and conducted in-depth interviews …


Effects Of Nepotism And Family Conflicts On The Performance Of Family-Owned Firms In Tanzania: Contrasting Views, Goodluck Charles Jun 2015

Effects Of Nepotism And Family Conflicts On The Performance Of Family-Owned Firms In Tanzania: Contrasting Views, Goodluck Charles

Business Management Review

Drawing on the agency theory and the stewardship perspective, this article examines the extent to which nepotism and family conflicts affect the performance of family-owned firms in Tanzania. From a sample of 163 family firms and the Structural Equation Model (SEM) results, the article proffers that nepotism and family conflicts have no significant negative effect on both the financial and market-based performance of family firms. Contrary to previous studies which report that nepotism and family conflicts are detrimental to a firm ' s performance, it demonstrates that the small family-owned firms operating in a developing economy with an inadequate institutional …