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Articles 421 - 450 of 730
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Right Sizing The People's Liberation Army: Exploring The Contours Of China's Military, Andrew Scobell Dr., Roy Kamphausen Mr.
Right Sizing The People's Liberation Army: Exploring The Contours Of China's Military, Andrew Scobell Dr., Roy Kamphausen Mr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
This volume addresses how the leadership of China and the PLA view what size of PLA best meets China’s requirements. Among other things, this analytical process makes important new contributions on the question of PLA transparency, long an issue among PLA watchers. A great deal of emphasis has been put on understanding not only how, but also why a military modernizes itself. Some of the determining factors are national policies and strategy, doctrine, organizational structure, missions, and service cultures. While this list is not exhaustive, it does begin to paint a picture of just how broad and deep military interests …
The Implications Of Preemptive And Preventive War Doctrines: A Reconsideration, Colin S. Gray Dr.
The Implications Of Preemptive And Preventive War Doctrines: A Reconsideration, Colin S. Gray Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Preemption and prevention are different concepts. To preempt is to attempt to strike first against an enemy who is in the process of preparing, or is actually launching, an attack against you. Preemption is not controversial. The decision for war has been taken out of your hands. Prevention, however, is a decision to wage war, or conduct a strike, so as to prevent a far more dangerous context maturing in the future. To decide on preventive war is to elect to prevent a particular, very threatening strategic future from coming to pass. Despite much legal argument, there is no legal …
Rethinking Insurgency, Steven Metz Dr.
Rethinking Insurgency, Steven Metz Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The U.S. military and national security community lost interest in insurgency after the end of the Cold War when other defense issues such as multinational peacekeeping and transformation seemed more pressing. With the onset of the Global War on Terror in 2001 and the ensuing involvement of the U.S. military in counterinsurgency support in Iraq and Afghanistan, insurgency experienced renewed concern in both the defense and intelligence communities. The author argues that while exceptionally important, this relearning process focused on Cold War era nationalistic insurgencies rather than the complex conflicts which characterized the post-Cold War security environment. To be successful …
China's Nuclear Forces: Operations, Training, Doctrine, Command, Control And Campaign Planning, Larry M. Wortzel Dr.
China's Nuclear Forces: Operations, Training, Doctrine, Command, Control And Campaign Planning, Larry M. Wortzel Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Recent books and journal articles published in China provide new insights into nuclear doctrine, operations, training, and the employment of the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) strategic rocket forces. The major insights come from exploiting sections of a doctrinal text published for PLA institutions of higher military education by the Chinese National Defense University, A Guide to the Study of Campaign Theory (Zhanyi Lilun Xuexi Zhinan). In the view of many in the PLA, the military power of the United States, the potential to use that power to coerce or dominate China, and the ability to threaten China’s pursuit of its …
Ukraine's Military Between East And West, Marybeth Peterson Ulrich Professor
Ukraine's Military Between East And West, Marybeth Peterson Ulrich Professor
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
America’s new allies in Central and Eastern Europe have been struggling with defense reform since the end of the Cold War. Only recently since the Orange Revolution has Ukraine’s national political and military leadership seriously engaged the process of radical and comprehensive defense reform. This monograph applies the various roadmaps for reform developed in the post-communist states of Central European states to the emerging Ukrainian case. The author draws upon this mixed picture to suggest a framework focused on key areas in need of reform as well as key conditions that facilitate the achievement of reform objectives. The result is …
Strategic Competition And Resistance In The 21st Century: Irregular, Catastrophic, Traditional, And Hybrid Challenges In Context, Nathan P. Freier Mr.
Strategic Competition And Resistance In The 21st Century: Irregular, Catastrophic, Traditional, And Hybrid Challenges In Context, Nathan P. Freier Mr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The 2005 National Defense Strategy introduced the now prolific concept of the four challenges--traditional, irregular, catastrophic, and disruptive. Reference to the challenges is now an essential feature of defense deliberations. Yet in spite of the concept’s central place in the defense debates in and out of government, there have been persistent gaps in how the individual challenges are defined and how they should be applied in defense and security policymaking. Written by one of two working-level strategists responsible for the 2005 defense strategy’s conceptual development, this monograph addresses that deficit. It provides the reader with the foundational substance underwriting the …
Biodefense Research Supporting The Dod: A New Strategic Vision, Coleen K. Martinez Colonel
Biodefense Research Supporting The Dod: A New Strategic Vision, Coleen K. Martinez Colonel
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The author examines the productivity of the Department of Defense’s biodefense research program over the course of more than 35 years, coupled with changes in the global research environment since the events of September 11, 2001. Where the deployment of a biologic agent of mass destruction is largely an unpredictable risk, the outcome certainly could be catastrophic for an unprotected population. An urgent moral imperative is cast upon the federal government, then, to objectively assess the application and management of its biodefense research resources.
Georgia After The Rose Revolution: Geopolitical Predicament And Implications For U.S. Policy, Svante E. Cornell Dr.
Georgia After The Rose Revolution: Geopolitical Predicament And Implications For U.S. Policy, Svante E. Cornell Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The attacks on New York and Washington on September 11, 2001, enhanced the importance of both the Transcaucasus and Central Asia to American security. Overflight rights through the Caucasus to Central Asia and Afghanistan are vital components of the ongoing military effort there by both U.S. and NATO forces. But this region has multiple conflicts and fault-lines. As multiple recent crises show, Russo-Georgian tensions connected with South Ossetia and Abkhazia could erupt into open violence at any time. The author outlines the possibilities for conflict in this region and the qualities that make it strategically important, not only for Washington …
North Korea's Military Threat: Pyongyang's Conventional Forces, Weapons Of Mass Destruction, And Ballistic Missiles, Andrew Scobell Dr., John M. Sanford Captain Usn
North Korea's Military Threat: Pyongyang's Conventional Forces, Weapons Of Mass Destruction, And Ballistic Missiles, Andrew Scobell Dr., John M. Sanford Captain Usn
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
North Korea's conventional capabilities have eroded but remain significant, including its sizeable contingent of special operations forces. Meanwhile, Pyongyang continues the vigorous development of its nuclear and missile programs, and has ongoing chemical and biological weapons programs. Perhaps the biggest unanswered questions concern North Korea’s military intentions. Does the Korean People’s Army have an offensive or defensive doctrine? Does Pyongyang intend to use its weapons of mass destruction and ballistic missiles to replace the threat posed by its eroding conventional forces? Or is its intention to use conventional and unconventional forces in what it might view as a winning combination? …
Political Warfare In Sub-Saharan Africa: U.S. Capabilities And Chinese Operations In Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, And South Africa, Donovan C. Chau Dr.
Political Warfare In Sub-Saharan Africa: U.S. Capabilities And Chinese Operations In Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, And South Africa, Donovan C. Chau Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Domestic and international terrorism aside, the United States and the People’s Republic of China (PRC), are vying for influence over African governments and people. Not unlike the Cold War, the primary means of exerting influence in Africa is through the use of nonviolent instruments of grand strategy. The author considers one nonviolent instrument of grand strategy in particular, political warfare. He suggests that the PRC has used political warfare as its leading grand strategic instrument in Africa and offers a concise, detailed overview of U.S. capabilities to conduct political warfare in Africa in four of its nation-states.
Chinese Perceptions Of Traditional And Nontraditional Security Threats, Susan L. Craig Ms
Chinese Perceptions Of Traditional And Nontraditional Security Threats, Susan L. Craig Ms
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
To understand the motivations and decisions of China’s leadership and to behave in a manner so that we can influence them, we must try to understand the world as China does. This research is an attempt to do so by examining the writings and opinions of China’s scholars, journalists and leaders--its “influential elite.” China has a comprehensive concept of national security that includes not only defending its sovereignty and territorial integrity, but continuing its economic and social development and maintaining its international stature. The two main types of threats to China’s national security are traditional and nontraditional. The United States, …
The Iraq War: Learning From The Past, Adapting To The Present, And Planning For The Future, Thomas R. Mockaitis Dr.
The Iraq War: Learning From The Past, Adapting To The Present, And Planning For The Future, Thomas R. Mockaitis Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Taking full account of the factors beyond the control of the U.S. military and avoiding glib comparisons with Vietnam, the author examines how the American approach to the war in Iraq has affected operations there. He also draws on the experience of other nations, particularly the United Kingdom, to identify broad lessons that might inform the conduct of this and future campaigns. He documents the process by which soldiers and Marines in Iraq have adapted to the challenging situation and incorporated both historic and contemporary lessons into the new counterinsurgency doctrine contained in Field Manual 3-24.
Understanding Indian Insurgencies: Implications For Counterinsurgency Operations In The Third World, Durga Madhab (John) Mitra Deputy Inspector General
Understanding Indian Insurgencies: Implications For Counterinsurgency Operations In The Third World, Durga Madhab (John) Mitra Deputy Inspector General
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
A simple linear model for India has been developed to demonstrate how the degree of inaccessibility of an area, the strength of separate social identity of its population, and the amount of external influence on the area determine the propensity of that area for insurgency. Implications of the Indian model for various aspects of counterinsurgency strategy for the Third World, including economic development, the role of democracy, social and political autonomy, and counterinsurgency operations are discussed. Recommendations for effective counterinsurgency strategy and for long-term stability in these countries are included. India is very complex and provides an ideal window for …
Colombia And The United States--The Partnership: But What Is The Endgame?, Myles R. R. Frechette Ambassador
Colombia And The United States--The Partnership: But What Is The Endgame?, Myles R. R. Frechette Ambassador
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
American Ambassador to Colombia, 1994-97, Myles R. R. Frechette provides authoritative, eloquent, and impassioned perspectives on both the achievements and failures of American and Colombian efforts. He argues that American policy made analytical errors that need to be rectified, including underestimating the long-term complexity and interrelated nature of the problem, while both nations overestimated the amount of support that Colombia would receive from the international community. Moreover, nation-building and the rule of law are strategic imperatives which American policy must take seriously. Finally, it is critical to appreciate that Colombian cultural characteristics sharply influence what Colombians will do on their …
Learning From Iraq: Counterinsurgency In American Strategy, Steven Metz Dr.
Learning From Iraq: Counterinsurgency In American Strategy, Steven Metz Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
While the involvement of the United States in counterinsurgency has a long history, it had faded in importance in the years following the end of the Cold War. When American forces first confronted it in Iraq, they were not fully prepared. Since then, the U.S. military and other government agencies have expended much effort to refine their counterinsurgency capabilities. But have they done enough?
The New Totalitarians: Social Identities And Radical Islamist Political Grand Strategy, Douglas J. Macdonald Dr.
The New Totalitarians: Social Identities And Radical Islamist Political Grand Strategy, Douglas J. Macdonald Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The author argues that the social identity theory behind the “clash of civilizations” thesis is useful for analyzing the tasks before us in the “Long War” on Terrorism. The “clash of civilizations” is not actually occurring, he argues, but is rather the end goal of radical Islamist political grand strategy. Radical Islamist terrorists, like the Fascists and Communists before them, cannot allow alternative value systems to exist in areas they control. Their goal is to spread such totalitarian beliefs to the entire Muslim world in order to create a violent “clash” with non-Muslim societies, and, in some versions, radical Islam …
Regional Fears Of Western Primacy And The Future Of U.S. Middle Eastern Basing Policy, W. Andrew Terrill Dr.
Regional Fears Of Western Primacy And The Future Of U.S. Middle Eastern Basing Policy, W. Andrew Terrill Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The United States has a core national interest in maintaining peace and stability in the Middle East as well as containing or eliminating threats emanating from that region. Yet, there is often disagreement on the ways to best achieve these goals. The author seeks to present his analysis of how the United States and other Western states might best address their military cooperation and basing needs within the Middle East, while still respecting and working with an understanding of regional and especially Arab history and concerns. He also provides policy recommendations based upon his analysis.
Challenging Transformation's Clichés, Antulio J. Echevarria Dr.
Challenging Transformation's Clichés, Antulio J. Echevarria Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Critical thinkers analyze and refine ideas underpinning the foundation of American defense policy and military strategy today so the defense community can apply them in strategy and force development. This is an ongoing process: new ideas emerge, are tested, and adopted, revised, or discarded. The author challenges some of the accepted notions that have become foundational to contemporary theories of military transformation. In his view, any endeavor as resource-intensive as military transformation is too important to rest on uncontested truths.
Naval Transformation, Ground Forces, And The Expeditionary Impulse: The Sea-Basing Debate, Geoffrey Till Professor
Naval Transformation, Ground Forces, And The Expeditionary Impulse: The Sea-Basing Debate, Geoffrey Till Professor
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Reviewing the past, present, and future contribution of maritime forces to the conduct of expeditionary operations, the author concludes that the importance of this contribution is growing. He considers the diplomatic and "good order" roles of maritime forces which enable such operations in the first place. He reviews contemporary naval thinking about the nature and the relevance of sea control, and examines changes in the way maritime power may be projected ashore. Finally, the author analyses the extent to which future sea-basing can enable expeditionary forces can meet the challenges of the 21st century. Using past and recent experience, he …
Iraq, Women's Empowerment And Public Policy, Sherifa D. Zuhur Dr.
Iraq, Women's Empowerment And Public Policy, Sherifa D. Zuhur Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The role and experience of women is not always considered in wartime or during stabilization and reconstruction operations. In Iraq, it is essential to consider women’s needs and the obstacles they now face. The author examines some of the difficulties that attend policy formulation on Iraqi women, who have identified the security situation and basic services as their top priorities. Issues and contours of family law are explained, as the future of family law in emerging Iraq is as yet undetermined. Along with an increased political presence, legal reforms, together with educational and employment opportunities, have been the planks of …
Castro's Cuba: Quo Vadis?, Francisco Wong-Diaz Dr.
Castro's Cuba: Quo Vadis?, Francisco Wong-Diaz Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The United States, particularly the Army, has a long history of involvement with Cuba. It has included, among others, the Spanish-American War of 1898, military interventions in 1906 and 1912, the 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion, the 1962 Missile Crisis, counterinsurgency, and low intensity warfare in Latin America and Africa against Cuban supported guerrilla movements. After almost 5 decades of authoritarian one-man rule, Fidel Castro remains firmly in power. On July 31, his brother, Raul Castro, assumed provisional presidential power after an official announcement that Fidel was ill and would undergo surgery. What would be the strategic and political implications …
Russia, Iran, And The Nuclear Question: The Putin Record, Robert O. Freedman Dr.
Russia, Iran, And The Nuclear Question: The Putin Record, Robert O. Freedman Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The author analyzes the Russo-Iranian relationship through the spring of 2006. This issue is vitally important in U.S. foreign policy, not just as it relates to Iran and the overall issue of nonproliferation, especially in the Middle East, but also as U.S. foreign policy pertains to relations with Moscow. Thus this monograph should also be read in light of the current crisis with Iran and bearing in mind the dimensions of Iranian proliferation and the issues surrounding it. At the same time, the numerous challenges to regional security in the Middle East, and the addition of great power rivalry to …
Defense Transformation: To What, For What?, Kevin Reynolds Colonel
Defense Transformation: To What, For What?, Kevin Reynolds Colonel
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
“What form is transformation taking and what end(s) are the armed forces transforming to obtain?” The author argues that U.S. foreign and national security policies should drive the pace and direction of defense transformation, but finds that all too often the military’s weapons systems preferences determine the shape and form of the armed services transformation and their future capability sets. Due to the lengthy Research, Development, Testing, and Evaluation (RDT&E) time to acquire technologically advanced weapons systems, up to and beyond 20 years in many instances, future administrations will inherit weapons systems and force structures that, although recently fielded, were …
Confronting The Unconventional: Innovation And Transformation In Military Affairs, David Tucker Dr.
Confronting The Unconventional: Innovation And Transformation In Military Affairs, David Tucker Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
Are there limits to military transformation? Or, if it seems obvious that there must be limits to transformation, what are they exactly, why do they arise, and how can we identify them so that we may better accomplish the transformation that the U.S. military is capable of? If limits to military change and transformation exist, what are the broader implications for national policy and strategy? The author offers some answers to these questions by analyzing the efforts of the French, British, and Americans to deal with irregular threats after World War II.
Strategic Challenges For Counterinsurgency And The Global War On Terrorism, Williamson Murray Dr.
Strategic Challenges For Counterinsurgency And The Global War On Terrorism, Williamson Murray Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
In March 2006, President George W. Bush signed a new National Security Strategy that he refers to as a “wartime national security strategy” and states that to follow the path the United States has chosen, we must “maintain and expand our national strength.” One way to do this is to study and propose solutions to the complex challenges the United States faces in the 21st century. At the U.S. Army War College, the students have embraced this challenge and spend a year developing their intellectual strength in areas that extend well beyond the familiar operational and tactical realm to which …
Strategic Challenges For Counterinsurgency And The Global War On Terrorism, Williamson Murray Dr.
Strategic Challenges For Counterinsurgency And The Global War On Terrorism, Williamson Murray Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
In March 2006, President George W. Bush signed a new National Security Strategy that he refers to as a “wartime national security strategy” and states that to follow the path the United States has chosen, we must “maintain and expand our national strength.” One way to do this is to study and propose solutions to the complex challenges the United States faces in the 21st century. At the U.S. Army War College, the students have embraced this challenge and spend a year developing their intellectual strength in areas that extend well beyond the familiar operational and tactical realm to which …
2006 Key Strategic Issues List (Ksil), Antulio J. Echevarria Dr.
2006 Key Strategic Issues List (Ksil), Antulio J. Echevarria Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
In today’s dynamic strategic environment, political changes can become challenges very quickly. Any list of key strategic issues must, therefore, include the broadest array of regional and functional concerns. This is a catalogue of significant issues, arranged as potential research topics, of concern to U.S. policymakers. KSIL entries are intended to be general enough for researchers to modify or expand appropriately, and to adapt to a variety of methodologies. While the list of general topics is broad, it is neither comprehensive nor restrictive. Researchers are encouraged to contact any of the SSI points of contact, or those found in the …
U.S. Army War College Guide To National Security Policy And Strategy, 2nd Edition, J. Boone Bartholomees Dr.
U.S. Army War College Guide To National Security Policy And Strategy, 2nd Edition, J. Boone Bartholomees Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
This edition of the U. S. Army War College Guide to National Security Policy and Strategy reflects to some extent recent changes in the structure of the core curriculum at the War College. The college broke its traditional core course, “War, National Policy and Strategy,” into two courses: “Theory of War and Strategy” and “National Security Policy and Strategy.” The result for this book is the expansion of the block on strategic theory and the introduction of a block on specific strategic issues. Because little time has past since the publication of the most recent version of this book, this …
U.S. Army War College Guide To National Security Policy And Strategy, 2nd Edition, J. Boone Bartholomees Dr.
U.S. Army War College Guide To National Security Policy And Strategy, 2nd Edition, J. Boone Bartholomees Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
This edition of the U. S. Army War College Guide to National Security Policy and Strategy reflects to some extent recent changes in the structure of the core curriculum at the War College. The college broke its traditional core course, “War, National Policy and Strategy,” into two courses: “Theory of War and Strategy” and “National Security Policy and Strategy.” The result for this book is the expansion of the block on strategic theory and the introduction of a block on specific strategic issues. Because little time has past since the publication of the most recent version of this book, this …
The Proliferation Security Initiative As A New Paradigm For Peace And Security, Mark R. Shulman Dr.
The Proliferation Security Initiative As A New Paradigm For Peace And Security, Mark R. Shulman Dr.
Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies
The author examines the Proliferation Security Initiative—a multinational activity launched in 2003 to enable the United States and like-minded countries to interdict the flow of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This Initiative also may bring dramatic changes the international security system by enabling concerned states to interdict international trade in WMD regardless of the location or nationality of their owners. As such, the Proliferation Security Initiative not only addresses one of the most urgent threats to peace and security that the world has ever witnessed, but it does so in an innovative way that has the potential to change the …