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Articles 961 - 990 of 20026
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Experimental Investigation Of Dual Jet Flow Past A Heated Surface: Effect Of Reynolds Number, P. J. Murphy, S. Alimohammadi, S. M. O'Shaughnessy
Experimental Investigation Of Dual Jet Flow Past A Heated Surface: Effect Of Reynolds Number, P. J. Murphy, S. Alimohammadi, S. M. O'Shaughnessy
Articles
A dual jet flow comprises a wall jet, discharged immediately parallel to a solid boundary, flowing alongside a parallel jet whose exit is offset from the solid boundary by some distance. Despite the widespread industrial application of dual jet flows, experimental analysis of their flow and heat transfer characteristics is severely underrepresented in the published literature. As a result, the heat transfer capabilities and driving flow mechanisms associated with dual jet flows are not yet fully understood, meaning they cannot be optimised towards specific applications. The present study is thus concerned with characterising the transfer of heat to a dual …
Review Of Detection Limits For Various Techniques For Bacterial Detection In Food Samples, Xinyi Zhao Nanolab Research Centre, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, James Curtin Faculty Of Engineering And Built Environment, Baljit Singh, Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway And Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Research Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre
Review Of Detection Limits For Various Techniques For Bacterial Detection In Food Samples, Xinyi Zhao Nanolab Research Centre, Abhijnan Bhat, Christine O’Connor School Of Food Science And Environmental Health, James Curtin Faculty Of Engineering And Built Environment, Baljit Singh, Micra Biodiagnostics Technology Gateway And Health, Engineering & Materials Sciences (Hems) Research Hub, Furong Tian Nanolab Research Centre
Articles
Foodborne illnesses can be infectious and dangerous, and most of them are caused by bacteria. Some common food-related bacteria species exist widely in nature and pose a serious threat to both humans and animals; they can cause poisoning, diseases, disabilities and even death. Rapid, reliable and cost-effective methods for bacterial detection are of paramount importance in food safety and environmental monitoring. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) and electrochemical methods have been widely used in food safety and environmental monitoring. In this paper, the recent developments (2013–2023) covering PCR, LFIA and electrochemical methods for various bacterial species …
Investigating Abandonment Errors In Cruise/Passenger Ships : Researching The Reasons Leading To Life-Losses During An Evacuation, A. Andreadakis, D. Dalaklis, N. Nikitakos
Investigating Abandonment Errors In Cruise/Passenger Ships : Researching The Reasons Leading To Life-Losses During An Evacuation, A. Andreadakis, D. Dalaklis, N. Nikitakos
Articles
No abstract provided.
Stakeholders’ Perceptions On The Introduction Of Additive Manufacturing (Am) In The Maritime Spare Parts Supply Chain, E. Kostidi, N. Nikitakos, T. Lilas, D. Dalaklis
Stakeholders’ Perceptions On The Introduction Of Additive Manufacturing (Am) In The Maritime Spare Parts Supply Chain, E. Kostidi, N. Nikitakos, T. Lilas, D. Dalaklis
Articles
No abstract provided.
Discussing The Influence Of The Russian-Ukrainian Conflict In The High North, A. Bal, D. Dalaklis, I. Bartusevičienė, E. Başar
Discussing The Influence Of The Russian-Ukrainian Conflict In The High North, A. Bal, D. Dalaklis, I. Bartusevičienė, E. Başar
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Current Status Of Maritime Security In The Gulf Of Guinea, L. Mohammed, D. Dalaklis
The Current Status Of Maritime Security In The Gulf Of Guinea, L. Mohammed, D. Dalaklis
Articles
No abstract provided.
Disaggregating Longer-Term Trends From Seasonal Variations In Measured Pv System Performance, Chibuisi Chinasaokwu Okorieimoh, Brian Norton, Michael Conlon
Disaggregating Longer-Term Trends From Seasonal Variations In Measured Pv System Performance, Chibuisi Chinasaokwu Okorieimoh, Brian Norton, Michael Conlon
Articles
Photovoltaic (PV) systems are widely adopted for renewable energy generation, but their performance is influenced by complex interactions between longer-term trends and seasonal variations. This study aims to remove these factors and provide valuable insights for optimising PV system operation. We employ comprehensive datasets of measured PV system performance over five years, focusing on identifying the distinct contributions of longer-term trends and seasonal effects. To achieve this, we develop a novel analytical framework that combines time series and statistical analytical techniques. By applying this framework to the extensive performance data, we successfully break down the overall PV system output into …
Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring Based On Three Fitted Performance Curves, Shuo Zhang, Emma Robinson, Malabika Basu
Wind Turbine Condition Monitoring Based On Three Fitted Performance Curves, Shuo Zhang, Emma Robinson, Malabika Basu
Articles
Based on SCADA data, this study aims at fitting three performance curves (PCs), power curve, pitch angle curve, and rotor speed curve, to accurately describe the normal behaviour of a wind turbine (WT) for performance monitoring and identification of anomalous signals. The fitting accuracy can be undesirably affected by erroneous SCADA data. Hence, outliers generated from raw SCADA data should be removed to mitigate the prediction inaccuracy, so various outlier detection (OD) approaches are compared in terms of area under the curve (AUC) and mean average precision (mAP). Among them, a novel unsupervised SVM-KNN model, integrated by support vector machine …
Dynamic Thermal Effect In A Hollow Core Microbottle Resonator, Zhe Wang, Zhuochen Wang, Anuradha Rout, Rayhan Habib Jibon, Anand V. R, Fangfang Wei, Qiang Wu, Yuliya Semenova, Northumbria University
Dynamic Thermal Effect In A Hollow Core Microbottle Resonator, Zhe Wang, Zhuochen Wang, Anuradha Rout, Rayhan Habib Jibon, Anand V. R, Fangfang Wei, Qiang Wu, Yuliya Semenova, Northumbria University
Articles
Dynamic thermal wavelength shift in hollow core microbottle resonators has been experimentally demonstrated using the frequency-detuning method. A linewidth broadening phenomenon is observed when the tunable laser is swept from a shorter wavelength to a longer wavelength. The thermal effect in the microbottles with various diameters as a function of the power and sweep frequency of the tunable laser has been studied and analyzed. In addition, the effect of thermal broadening on multiple WGM resonances within the spectrum has been observed, demonstrating that broadening of the linewidth of the first WGM resonance suppresses the subsequent WGM resonances during the up-scanning …
Sm-Fplf: Link-State Prediction For Software-Defined Dcn Power Optimization, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovasznai, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Sm-Fplf: Link-State Prediction For Software-Defined Dcn Power Optimization, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovasznai, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
Efficient monitoring systems that optimize resource allocation, reduce energy usage through machine learning and flow aggregation routing techniques, are needed due to the escalating power consumption of data center networks, which, as has been recently reported, account for up to eight percent of global energy consumption, posing environmental operational concerns. We propose a software-defined data-center monitoring algorithm that reduces power consumption by: 1) using a GPU implementation of a Stacked Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model for link utilization prediction, thus reducing monitoring overhead; and 2) utilizing a flow aggregation routing algorithm with feedback from online, OpenFlow-powered monitoring …
Addressing The Complexity Of Spatial Teaching: A Narrative Review Of Barriers And Enablers, Ergi Bufasi, Ting Jun Lin, Ursa Benedicic, Marten Westerhof, Rohit Mishra, Dace Namsone, Inese Dudareva, Sheryl Sorby, Lena Gumaelius, Remke M. Klapwijk, Jeroen Spandaw, Brian Bowe, Colm O'Kane, Gavin Duffy, Marianna Pagkratidou, Jeffrey Buckley
Addressing The Complexity Of Spatial Teaching: A Narrative Review Of Barriers And Enablers, Ergi Bufasi, Ting Jun Lin, Ursa Benedicic, Marten Westerhof, Rohit Mishra, Dace Namsone, Inese Dudareva, Sheryl Sorby, Lena Gumaelius, Remke M. Klapwijk, Jeroen Spandaw, Brian Bowe, Colm O'Kane, Gavin Duffy, Marianna Pagkratidou, Jeffrey Buckley
Articles
Extensive research has established that spatial ability is a crucial factor for achieving success in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). However, challenges that educators encounter while teaching spatial skills remain uncertain. The purpose of this study is to develop a research framework that examines the interrelationships, barriers, and enablers amongst various educational components, including schools, teachers, students, classrooms, and training programs, that are encountered when teaching for spatial ability development. A thorough examination of international research, in combination with a detailed review of the primary Science and Mathematics curricula in Ireland, Latvia, Sweden, and the Netherlands, is undertaken to …
Foreclosure Sales As Fraudulent Transfers, David G. Carlson
Foreclosure Sales As Fraudulent Transfers, David G. Carlson
Articles
The Supreme Court has declared that noncollusive, regularly conducted foreclosure sales are not “constructive” fraudulent transfers voidable by a bankruptcy trustee Uniform state legislation ratifies this instinct for private creditor enforcements. But collusive or irregular foreclosure sales or sales that are intended to hinder, delay, or defraud creditors are subject to creditor attack, even though unsecured creditors are not proper parties to the foreclosure process. In such cases, unsecured creditors can cloud the title obtained from foreclosure in the cases of collusion, irregularity or fraudulent intent. This article examines precisely when foreclosure sales can be avoided by unsecured creditors of …
Associations Of Childhood Physical Activity And Screen Time With Cardiometabolic Health In Preteens Who Were Born To Mothers With Previous Macrosomic Delivery: Findings From The Rolo Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study, Sophie Callanan, Sarah Louise Killeen, Anna Delahunt, Eileen C. O'Brien, Aisling A. Geraghty, Rosemary Cushion, Amy Gainfort, Rachel K. Crowley, Patrick J. Twomey, Ciara M. Mcdonnell, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Associations Of Childhood Physical Activity And Screen Time With Cardiometabolic Health In Preteens Who Were Born To Mothers With Previous Macrosomic Delivery: Findings From The Rolo Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study, Sophie Callanan, Sarah Louise Killeen, Anna Delahunt, Eileen C. O'Brien, Aisling A. Geraghty, Rosemary Cushion, Amy Gainfort, Rachel K. Crowley, Patrick J. Twomey, Ciara M. Mcdonnell, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Articles
Background: Macrosomia (birthweight ≥4 kg) may alter the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) throughout childhood with later cardiometabolic risk. Objective: To investigate associations of PA and ST over a 4–6-year follow-up period with cardiometabolic outcomes in preteens (9–11-year-olds) who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery. Methods: This is an analysis of 402 preteens from the ROLO study, who were born to mothers that previously delivered an infant with macrosomia. Parental-reported measures of PA and ST were obtained in early childhood at 5-years of age. Preteen self-reported PA, parental-reported ST, anthropometry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood …
An Exploration Of Fibre Intake And Bowel Function In A Sample Of Adults At An Irish University Campus, Ellen Lynch, Sophie Mulligan, Suzanne L. Doyle
An Exploration Of Fibre Intake And Bowel Function In A Sample Of Adults At An Irish University Campus, Ellen Lynch, Sophie Mulligan, Suzanne L. Doyle
Articles
Background: Bowel dysfunction can significantly impair quality of life. Adequate fibre intake is associated with good bowel health but intakes have been reported to be low in Ireland. Aim: This study aimed to gather data on fibre intake and bowel habits in a cohort of adults at a university campus in Dublin, Ireland. Methods: An online questionnaire was developed by adapting validated tools to assess habitual fibre intake and bowel function. The questionnaire was circulated through mailing lists and advertised via QR codes on campus in February/March 2023. Data was analysed using SPSS, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In total, 275 valid responses were received. Low fibre intakes (< 19 g/day) were found in 50.5% of participants. A significantly higher proportion of males had low fibre intake compared to females (62.2% vs 44.8%, p = 0.039). Nearly a third (30.2%) of respondents experienced mild symptoms of bowel dysfunction, and 13.1% experienced moderate to severe symptoms. An inverse relationship was observed between fibre intake (g/day) and bowel dysfunction (p = 0.033). Conclusions: In this cohort, low fibre intakes and some degree of bowel dysfunction were prevalent. Public health campaigns to increase fibre intake could prove to be a cost-effective way to improve bowel function and health amongst adults in Ireland.
Nutrient Intakes And Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Esophagogastric Cancer Survivors Up To 5 Years Post-Surgery, A. E. Bennett, L. O'Neill, S. L. Doyle, E. M. Guinan, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey
Nutrient Intakes And Gastrointestinal Symptoms Among Esophagogastric Cancer Survivors Up To 5 Years Post-Surgery, A. E. Bennett, L. O'Neill, S. L. Doyle, E. M. Guinan, J. O'Sullivan, J. V. Reynolds, J. Hussey
Articles
A cross-sectional analysis explored nutritional intakes and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms among esophagogastric cancer survivors up to 12, 13–36, and 37+ months post-surgery. Participants were identified from the Upper GI Cancer Registry at St James' Hospital, Ireland. The Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, European Prospective Investigation of Cancer Food Frequency Questionnaire, World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) Score, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale assessed malnutrition risk, nutritional intake, adherence to (secondary) cancer prevention recommendations, and GI symptoms, respectively. Most (82.5%, n33) participants (n40) were male. Mean age was 65.5 ± 9.3 years. Time post-surgery ranged from 6-62 months. Half …
Outcomes Of The Leap Feasibility Trial—A Low-Threshold, Exercise Programme With Protein Supplementation To Target Frailty And Poor Physical Functioning In People Experiencing Homelessness And Addiction Issues, Fiona Kennedy, Clíona Ní Cheallaigh, Roman Romero-Ortuno, Suzanne L. Doyle, Julie Broderick
Outcomes Of The Leap Feasibility Trial—A Low-Threshold, Exercise Programme With Protein Supplementation To Target Frailty And Poor Physical Functioning In People Experiencing Homelessness And Addiction Issues, Fiona Kennedy, Clíona Ní Cheallaigh, Roman Romero-Ortuno, Suzanne L. Doyle, Julie Broderick
Articles
Background People experiencing homelessness are more likely to experience poor health with physical functioning deficits and frailty commonly reported. It is not well known how strategies to target physical functioning deficits and frailty work in practice in this group. The primary aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of an exercise intervention with protein supplementation to target physical functioning and frailty in people experiencing homelessness evaluated by recruitment and retention rates, adherence to the exercise sessions and protein supplement, adverse effects, programme feedback and characteristics of non-returners, sporadic and frequent attenders. The secondary aim was to evaluate changes …
A Food-Exchange Model For Achieving The Recommended Dietary Intakes For Saturated Fat In Irish Children: Analysis From The Cross-Sectional National Children's Food Survey Ii, Aileen O'Connor, Maria Buffini, Anne P. Nugent, Laura Kehoe, Albert Flynn, Janette Walton, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty
A Food-Exchange Model For Achieving The Recommended Dietary Intakes For Saturated Fat In Irish Children: Analysis From The Cross-Sectional National Children's Food Survey Ii, Aileen O'Connor, Maria Buffini, Anne P. Nugent, Laura Kehoe, Albert Flynn, Janette Walton, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty
Articles
Objective: To identify the main foods determining saturated fatty acid (SFA) intakes and model the impact of food exchanges to improve compliance with dietary fat recommendations in Irish children. Design: Estimated food and nutrient intakes were obtained from a cross-sectional study, the National Children's Food Survey II. Participants were categorised into low, medium, and high SFA consumers, and the contribution of food categories to SFA intakes were compared. A food-exchange model was developed, whereby a selected range of high SFA foods were exchanged with lower SFA or unsaturated fat alternatives. Setting: Participants were randomly selected from primary schools throughout the …
The Iris Clinic: A Protocol For A Mixed-Methods Study Evaluating The Management Of Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Eileen C. O'Brien, Jean Doherty, Sarah Louise Killeen, Melanie Bennett, Lillian Murtagh, Sinead Curran, Suzanne Murphy, Helen Mchale, Lucille Sheehy
The Iris Clinic: A Protocol For A Mixed-Methods Study Evaluating The Management Of Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Eileen C. O'Brien, Jean Doherty, Sarah Louise Killeen, Melanie Bennett, Lillian Murtagh, Sinead Curran, Suzanne Murphy, Helen Mchale, Lucille Sheehy
Articles
Background: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that affects 0.3–3% of women and has profound nutritional, physical and psychological consequences. Research is lacking regarding the most effective management of the condition. In response to patient feedback, a multidisciplinary HG day-case service (IRIS Clinic) was launched in 2020 at The National Maternity Hospital, Ireland. The clinic provides routine, day-case care in a comfortable space with pre-booked appointments. The MDT involves midwives, dietitians, perinatal mental health, obstetrics and pharmacy, and the nature of the clinic enables peer-to-peer support. As this clinic is the first of …
Dietary Amino Acids, Macronutrients, Vaginal Birth, And Breastfeeding Are Associated With The Vaginal Microbiome In Early Pregnancy, Gillian A. Corbett, Rebecca Moore, Conor Feehily, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Douwe Van Sinderen, Elizabeth Matthews, Roisin O'Flaherty, Pauline M. Rudd, Radka Saldova, Calum J. Walsh, Elaine M. Lawton, David A. Macintyre, Siobhan Corcoran, Paul D. Cotter, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Dietary Amino Acids, Macronutrients, Vaginal Birth, And Breastfeeding Are Associated With The Vaginal Microbiome In Early Pregnancy, Gillian A. Corbett, Rebecca Moore, Conor Feehily, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Douwe Van Sinderen, Elizabeth Matthews, Roisin O'Flaherty, Pauline M. Rudd, Radka Saldova, Calum J. Walsh, Elaine M. Lawton, David A. Macintyre, Siobhan Corcoran, Paul D. Cotter, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Articles
The vaginal microbiome is a key player in the etiology of spontaneous preterm birth. This study aimed to illustrate maternal environmental factors associated with vaginal microbiota composition and function in pregnancy. Women in healthy pregnancy had vaginal microbial sampling from the posterior vaginal fornix performed at 16 weeks gestation. After shotgun metagenomic sequencing, heatmaps of relative abundance data were generated. Community state type (CST) was assigned, and alpha diversity was calculated. Demography, obstetric history, well-being, exercise, and diet using food frequency questionnaires were collected and compared against microbial parameters. A total of 119 pregnant participants had vaginal metagenomic sequencing performed. …
Perceptions Of Healthy And Sustainable Eating: A Qualitative Study Of Irish Adults, Daniel Hazley, Mairead Stack, John M. Kearney
Perceptions Of Healthy And Sustainable Eating: A Qualitative Study Of Irish Adults, Daniel Hazley, Mairead Stack, John M. Kearney
Articles
No abstract provided.
Diet Quality And Blood Pressure Among Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis Of Two Randomized Controlled Trials, Sorcha Lynch, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Kate Mullane, Emma Hokey, Grace Mealy, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Diet Quality And Blood Pressure Among Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis Of Two Randomized Controlled Trials, Sorcha Lynch, Sarah Louise Killeen, Eileen O'Brien, Kate Mullane, Emma Hokey, Grace Mealy, Fionnuala M. Mcauliffe
Articles
Introduction: Maternal obesity is a significant risk factor for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. High diet quality may protect against this, yet data regarding the relationship between diet quality and blood pressure among pregnant women with raised body mass index (BMI) is limited. Material and methods: This is a secondary analysis (n = 543) of women with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 from two randomized controlled trials; PEARS (Pregnancy Exercise and nutrition Research Study with smartphone application support) and ROLO (Randomized cOntrol trial of LOw glycemic index diet to prevent macrosomia in euglycemic women). Blood pressure was measured at 10–18 weeks and 28 …
What Makes A City ‘Breastfeeding-Friendly'?: A Scoping Review Of Indicators Of A Breastfeeding-Friendly City, May Loong Tan, Izz Amirah Mohd Shukri, Jacqueline J. Ho, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Amal Omer-Salim, Fionnuala M Mcauliffe
What Makes A City ‘Breastfeeding-Friendly'?: A Scoping Review Of Indicators Of A Breastfeeding-Friendly City, May Loong Tan, Izz Amirah Mohd Shukri, Jacqueline J. Ho, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan, Amal Omer-Salim, Fionnuala M Mcauliffe
Articles
A breastfeeding-friendly city is one where there is an enabling environment to support breastfeeding throughout the first 2 years or more of a child's life. Indicators of a breastfeeding-friendly city have yet to be identified. What are the indicators or criteria used to define breastfeeding friendliness in a geographic area such as a city and the settings within, which we have classified as community, healthcare and workplace? Three major databases and grey literature were searched. Records were screened to identify publications describing criteria such as indicators or descriptions of a breastfeeding-friendly setting, defined as ‘criteria-sets'. These criteria-sets were then categorized …
The Underlying Role Of Food Guilt In Adolescent Food Choice: A Potential Conceptual Model For Adolescent Food Choice Negotiations Under Circumstances Of Conscious Internal Conflict, Aisling N. Daly, John M. Kearney, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan
The Underlying Role Of Food Guilt In Adolescent Food Choice: A Potential Conceptual Model For Adolescent Food Choice Negotiations Under Circumstances Of Conscious Internal Conflict, Aisling N. Daly, John M. Kearney, Elizabeth J. O'Sullivan
Articles
Food choice decisions are challenging to conceptualise, and literature is lacking specific to adolescent food choice decisions. Understanding adolescent nutrition and food choice is becoming increasingly important. This research aims to understand what influences the food choices of Irish adolescents, and the mental negotiations occurring in food-based decisions. Additionally, it aims to develop a holistic conceptual model of food choice, specific to adolescents. A qualitative study was conducted in N = 47 Irish adolescents, via focus group discussions using vignettes to introduce discussion topics around food and eating habits. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, involving both semantic and …
The Next Generation, Jeremiah Chin
The Next Generation, Jeremiah Chin
Articles
What would the law look like if we let children remake it? Laws govern, classify, and circumscribe children who inherit the law and its consequences. Discourses of power invoke children as rhetorical strategies to gain political favor or obviate a position—yet children are uncritically excluded from participating in the systems that control them. Children are subjected to the laws and objects of legislation, but denied the rights, autonomy, or authority to participate in the making of law and policy. Even the conceptualization of the constitutional rights of children is treated as an assumption, ill-defined and under theorized by traditional legal …
America's Next "Stop Model!": Model Deletion, Jevan Hutson, Ben Winters
America's Next "Stop Model!": Model Deletion, Jevan Hutson, Ben Winters
Articles
This Essay explores the emergence of model deletion- the compelled destruction or dispossession of certain data, algorithms, models, and associated work products created or shaped by illegal means- as a remedy, right, and requirement for harmful applications of Al and ML systems. Part I examines model deletion's emergence as a consumer protection remedy and its conception as a positive right and regulatory requirement. Part II considers the constellation of federal and state actors, such as federal and state enforcement agencies and legislative bodies, who might seek model deletion to address particular Al and ML harms. Part III underscores the need …
The Meme Stock Fenzy: Origins And Implications, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
The Meme Stock Fenzy: Origins And Implications, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
Articles
In 2021, several publicly traded companies, such as GameStop, Bed Bath & Beyond, and AMC, became “meme stocks,” experiencing a sharp rise in their stock prices through a dramatic influx of retail investors into their shareholder base. Analyses of the meme stock surge and its implications for corporate governance have focused on the idiosyncratic creation of online communities around particular stocks during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this Article, we argue that the emergence of meme stocks is part of longer-running and more structural digital transformations in trading, investing, and governance. On the trading front, the abolition of commissions by major …
Research Access To Social Media Data: Lessons From Clinical Trial Data Sharing, Christopher J. Morten, Gabriel Nicholas, Salomé Vilgoen
Research Access To Social Media Data: Lessons From Clinical Trial Data Sharing, Christopher J. Morten, Gabriel Nicholas, Salomé Vilgoen
Articles
For years, social media companies have sparred with lawmakers over how much independent access to platform data they should provide researchers. Sharing data with researchers allows the public to better understand the risks and harms associated with social media, including areas such as misinformation, child safety, and political polarization. Yet researcher access is controversial. Privacy advocates and companies raise the potential privacy threats of researchers using such data irresponsibly. In addition, social media companies raise concerns over trade secrecy: the data these companies hold and the algorithms powered by that data are secretive sources of competitive advantage. This Article shows …
Rethinking Innovation At Fda, Rachel E. Sachs, Nicholson Price, Patricia J. Zeitler
Rethinking Innovation At Fda, Rachel E. Sachs, Nicholson Price, Patricia J. Zeitler
Articles
In several controversial drug approval decisions in recent years, the Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) has publicly justified its decision partly on the ground that approving the drugs in question would support innovation in those fields going forward. To some observers, these arguments were surprising, as the Agency’s determination whether a drug is “safe” and “effective” does not seem to depend on whether its approval also supports innovation. But FDA’s use of these innovation arguments in drug approval decisions is just one example of the ways in which the Agency has come to make many innovation-related judgments as part of …
Sins And Omissions: Slavery And The Bill Of Rights, Richard Primus
Sins And Omissions: Slavery And The Bill Of Rights, Richard Primus
Articles
According to the conventional story, the Constitutional Convention declined to include a bill of rights in the Constitution because it trusted the enumeration of congressional powers to do the necessary work of limiting the federal government. That conventional story is historically unfounded. It is not supported by contemporary evidence, and it was roundly disbelieved at the time. Although it is not possible to know for certain why (really, for what mix of reasons) the Framers omitted a bill of rights, it seems likely that one major reason was that formulating a bill of rights would have provoked a bitter fight …
Meme Corporate Governance, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
Meme Corporate Governance, Dhruv Aggarwal, Albert H. Choi, Yoon-Ho Alex Lee
Articles
Can retail investors revolutionize corporate governance and make public companies more responsive to social concerns? Beginning in 2021, there was a dramatic influx of retail investors into the shareholder base of “meme” stock companies such as GameStop, AMC, and Bed Bath & Beyond. Observing the unprecedented, coordinated trading among retail investors, scholars and practitioners predicted that the influx of retail investors would reduce the power of large institutional investors and democratize corporate governance. These predictions were driven by three factors: generational, with assumptions that millennial and Gen Z investors would challenge corporate management; societal, reflecting growing discontent with slow progress …