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Flexible, Dry-Released Process For Aluminum Electrostatic Actuators, Christopher Storment, David Borkholder, Victor Westerlind Jan 1994

Flexible, Dry-Released Process For Aluminum Electrostatic Actuators, Christopher Storment, David Borkholder, Victor Westerlind

Articles

We present an all-aluminum MEMS process (Al- MEMS) for the fabrication of large-gap electrostatic actuators with process steps that are compatible with the future use of underlying, pre-fabricated CMOS control circuitry. The process is purely additive above the substrate as opposed to processes that depend on etching pits into the silicon, and thereby permits a high degree of design freedom. Multilayer aluminum metalization is used with organic sacrificial layers to build up the actuator structures. Oxygen-based dry etching is used to remove the sacrificial layers. While this approach has been previously used by other investigators to fabricate optical modulators and …


Approximate Solutions Of Systems Of Fuzzy Relation Equations, George Klir, Bo Yuan Jan 1994

Approximate Solutions Of Systems Of Fuzzy Relation Equations, George Klir, Bo Yuan

Articles

In this paper, we generalize our previous results regarding approximate solutions of fuzzy relation equations to systems of fuzzy relation equations. By employing the equality index proposed by Gottwald, we introduce a goodness measure of the performance of approximate solutions and derive a lower bound and an upper bound of solvability of s stems of fuzzy relation equations. We also show that our results generalize those presented for one-dimensional fuzzy relation equations in [2].


The Measurement Of Surface-Topography Of Materials By Analysis Of Goniometric Reflection Of Light - Factors Governing Precision And Accuracy, Jonathan Arney, Theodore Tantalo, D. Stewart Jan 1994

The Measurement Of Surface-Topography Of Materials By Analysis Of Goniometric Reflection Of Light - Factors Governing Precision And Accuracy, Jonathan Arney, Theodore Tantalo, D. Stewart

Articles

No abstract provided.


An Algebraic Mask For Halftone Dithering, Peter Anderson Jan 1994

An Algebraic Mask For Halftone Dithering, Peter Anderson

Articles

This article may be accessed on the publisher's website (additional fees may apply) at: http://www.imaging.org/store/epub.cfm?abstrid=2450 We present a novel class of dispersed-dot masks for digital halftoning. These masks are based on simple algebraic rules using a Fibonacci-like number sequence (also known as linear pixel shuffling (Anderson, 1993)), which permits masks of an unlimited variety of sizes and number of discrete gray levels to be easily constructed. The masks tile the plane, but not necessarily ina rectangular manner. They produce seamless halftoned images.


The Paradoxical Success Of Fuzzy Logic, Charles Elkan Jan 1994

The Paradoxical Success Of Fuzzy Logic, Charles Elkan

Articles

1993 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or to reuse any copyrighted component of this work in other works must be obtained from the IEEE. Applications of fuzzy logic in heuristic control have been highly successful, but which aspects of fuzzy logic are essential to its practical usefulness? This paper shows that an apparently reasonable version of fuzzy logic collapses mathematically to two-valued logic. Moreover, there are few if any published reports of …


The Audio Format War, Derek Cronin Jan 1994

The Audio Format War, Derek Cronin

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Future Of Channel Four After The Broadcasting Act 1990, Amanda Dunne Jan 1994

The Future Of Channel Four After The Broadcasting Act 1990, Amanda Dunne

Articles

No abstract provided.


Fuzzy Knowledge-Based Approach To Treating Uncertainty In Inventory Control, Dobrilla Petrovic, Edward Sweeney Jan 1994

Fuzzy Knowledge-Based Approach To Treating Uncertainty In Inventory Control, Dobrilla Petrovic, Edward Sweeney

Articles

Inventory control in complex manufacturing environments encounters various sources of uncertainity and imprecision. This paper presents one fuzzy knowledge-based approach to solving the problem of order quantity determination, in the presence of uncertain demand, lead time and actual inventory level. Uncertain data are represented by fuzzy numbers, and vaguely defined relations between them are modeled by fuzzy if-then rules. The proposed representation and inference mechanism are verified using a large numbers of examples. The results of three representative cases are summarized. Finally a comparison between the developed fuzzy knowledge-based and traditional, probabilistic approaches is discussed.


Grizzly Bear Recovery In Idaho, Dale D. Goble Jan 1994

Grizzly Bear Recovery In Idaho, Dale D. Goble

Articles

No abstract provided.


Bunchloch Theach Opera Sydney, Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire, Linda Byrne Jan 1994

Bunchloch Theach Opera Sydney, Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire, Linda Byrne

Articles

Scéal faoi stair bhunchloch theach Opera Sydney, na h-Astráile, scríobha ag Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire agus maisithe ag Linda Byrne.


Still Naked After All These Words, A. Michael Froomkin Jan 1994

Still Naked After All These Words, A. Michael Froomkin

Articles

No abstract provided.


Practicing Community (Book Review), Anthony V. Alfieri Jan 1994

Practicing Community (Book Review), Anthony V. Alfieri

Articles

No abstract provided.


Family Law And The Pursuit Of Intimacy, Monique C. Lillard Jan 1994

Family Law And The Pursuit Of Intimacy, Monique C. Lillard

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Legal Regulation Of Genetic Discrimination: Old Responses To New Technology, Richard A. Epstein Jan 1994

The Legal Regulation Of Genetic Discrimination: Old Responses To New Technology, Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Incompletely Theorized Agreements Commentary, Cass R. Sunstein Jan 1994

Incompletely Theorized Agreements Commentary, Cass R. Sunstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Reproductive Hazards After Johnson Controls, Mary E. Becker Jan 1994

Reproductive Hazards After Johnson Controls, Mary E. Becker

Articles

No abstract provided.


Bad Faith Refusal To Settle By Liability Insurers: Some Implications Of The Judgment-Proof Problem, Alan O. Sykes Jan 1994

Bad Faith Refusal To Settle By Liability Insurers: Some Implications Of The Judgment-Proof Problem, Alan O. Sykes

Articles

No abstract provided.


Introduction: Baron Bramwell At The End Of The Twentieth Century, Richard A. Epstein Jan 1994

Introduction: Baron Bramwell At The End Of The Twentieth Century, Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


A Brief History Of The Criminal Jury In The United States, Albert Alschuler, Andrew G. Deiss Jan 1994

A Brief History Of The Criminal Jury In The United States, Albert Alschuler, Andrew G. Deiss

Articles

No abstract provided.


Interdependence And Choice In Distributive Justice: The Welfare Conundrum, Lee Anne Fennell Jan 1994

Interdependence And Choice In Distributive Justice: The Welfare Conundrum, Lee Anne Fennell

Articles

This Article presents a theoretical model for analyzing welfare policy choices, a model that seeks both to explain the puzzling persistence of welfare in the face of widespread dissatisfaction with it, and to provide a reasoned basis for making more satisfactory policy choices. Drawing on game theory, the author postulates that the poor and the nonpoor are faced with a strategic dilemma as a result of their shared stake in the alleviation of poverty. The author's analysis of this dilemma suggests that the nonpoor react rationally by providing assistance to the poor, but that they are dissatisfied with this outcome …


Security Interests Reconsidered, Douglas G. Baird Jan 1994

Security Interests Reconsidered, Douglas G. Baird

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Hand Biography And The Question Of Judicial Greatness (Reviewing Gerald Gunther, Learned Hand: The Man And The Judge (1994)), Richard A. Posner Jan 1994

The Hand Biography And The Question Of Judicial Greatness (Reviewing Gerald Gunther, Learned Hand: The Man And The Judge (1994)), Richard A. Posner

Articles

No abstract provided.


Norval Toward A Rational Drug Policy, Albert Alschuler Jan 1994

Norval Toward A Rational Drug Policy, Albert Alschuler

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Reorganization Of Closely Held Firms And The 'Opt Out' Problem, Douglas G. Baird Jan 1994

The Reorganization Of Closely Held Firms And The 'Opt Out' Problem, Douglas G. Baird

Articles

No abstract provided.


Of Richard Epstein And Other Radical Feminists, Mary Anne Case Jan 1994

Of Richard Epstein And Other Radical Feminists, Mary Anne Case

Articles

My goal in this discussion is to persuade all members of the Federalist Society that they are or should be feminists. I shall pursue this goal in two ways: first by setting forth an expansive definition of feminist jurisprudence; secondly by showing that anyone who combines the two commitments Richard Epstein urges on feminists-commitments to the descriptive message of sociobiology and to the normative message of libertarianism-must inevitably be, not merely a feminist, but a very radical feminist indeed. In short, feminism is for everyone, especially for Richard Epstein.


Text, History, And Structure In Statutory Interpretation, Frank H. Easterbrook Jan 1994

Text, History, And Structure In Statutory Interpretation, Frank H. Easterbrook

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Moral And Practical Dilemmas Of An Underground Economy, Richard A. Epstein Jan 1994

The Moral And Practical Dilemmas Of An Underground Economy, Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Standing Firm, On Forbidden Grounds, Richard A. Epstein Jan 1994

Standing Firm, On Forbidden Grounds, Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Caste And The Civil Rights Laws: From Jim Crow To Same-Sex Marriages, Richard A. Epstein Jan 1994

Caste And The Civil Rights Laws: From Jim Crow To Same-Sex Marriages, Richard A. Epstein

Articles

No abstract provided.


Excommunication In Twelfth Century England, Richard H. Helmholz Jan 1994

Excommunication In Twelfth Century England, Richard H. Helmholz

Articles

No abstract provided.