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Articles 15421 - 15450 of 20079
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Full-Spectral Color Calculations In Realistic Image Synthesis, Garrett Johnson, Mark Fairchild
Full-Spectral Color Calculations In Realistic Image Synthesis, Garrett Johnson, Mark Fairchild
Articles
Color imaging and computer graphics share many of the same problems. Color reproduction systems increasingly lean toward spectral image capture and reproduction, in an attempt to create images that match the originals under any given viewing condition. We set out to use a synthetic image generation technique to create images with full spectral radiometric data at each pixel, for use in color imaging systems analysis. While working on this task, we realized that the standard RGB color model used in computer graphics suffered from the same problems as the typical imaging system. These problems manifest as color errors, which are …
Visual Determination Of Hue Suprathreshold Color-Difference Tolerances Using Crt-Generated Stimuli, Ethan Montag, Roy Berns
Visual Determination Of Hue Suprathreshold Color-Difference Tolerances Using Crt-Generated Stimuli, Ethan Montag, Roy Berns
Articles
Suprathreshold hue color-difference tolerances were measured at four color centers using CRT-generated stimuli. The tolerances, defined using CIELAB, were measured using two different methods of presentation. In the Absolute Experiment, the stimuli were presented at luminance levels that matched those of the previous object-color experiments, so that the CRT stimuli were nearly metameric to the originals. In the Relative Experiment, the white point of the monitor was defined as L* = 100 at a corresponding chromaticity to the object-color viewing environment, but at a lower luminance level. The results from these two experiments followed the same general trends; however, they …
Hyperspectral Imaging: Wide-Area Spectrophotometry Using A Liquid-Crystal Tunable Filter, Robert Slawson, Zoran Ninkov, Elliott Horch
Hyperspectral Imaging: Wide-Area Spectrophotometry Using A Liquid-Crystal Tunable Filter, Robert Slawson, Zoran Ninkov, Elliott Horch
Articles
This paper reports on the use of a tunable, liquid-crystal filter to obtain simultaneous, low-resolution spectrophotometry of multiple stars within a moderately crowded field. The filter is electronically tunable to any wavelength in the range from 400 to 720 nm with a nominal passband of 10 nm FWHM. In order to evaluate the performance of this filter, the central region of the Jewel Box cluster, NGC 4755, was repeatedly imaged as the filter's central wavelength was stepped from 435 to 720 nm in successive exposures. A spectrum for each of five brighter stars in the cluster field was then reconstructed …
The Use Of Color In Multidimensional Graphical Information Display, Ethan Montag
The Use Of Color In Multidimensional Graphical Information Display, Ethan Montag
Articles
This article may be accessed on the publisher's website (additional fees may apply) at: http://www.imaging.org/store/epub.cfm?abstrid=1226 It may also be accessed on the author's website (additional fees may apply) at: http://www.cis.rit.edu/people/faculty/montag/PDFs/paper43.pdf The performance in judging values in a univariate map encoded using five different color scales was tested in eleven subjects. Digital elevation maps (DEMs) were encoded using: 1) an RGB gray scale (RGB), 2) a gray scale based on CIELAB L* (L*), 3) a L* scale with an added red hue component (Red L*), 4) an L* scale with continuous hue change (Spectral L*), and 5) a gray scale based …
End-To-End Color Printer Calibration By Total Least Squares Regression, Minghui Xia, Eli Saber, Gaurav Sharma
End-To-End Color Printer Calibration By Total Least Squares Regression, Minghui Xia, Eli Saber, Gaurav Sharma
Articles
Neugebauer (1937) modeling plays an important role in obtaining end-to-end device characterization profiles for halftone color printer calibration. This paper proposes total least square (TLS) regression methods to estimate the parameters of various Neugebauer models. Compared to the traditional least squares (LS) based methods, the TLS approach is physically more appropriate for the printer modeling problem because it accounts for errors in the measured reflectance of both the primaries and the modeled samples. A TLS method based on print measurements from single-colorant step-wedges is first developed. The method is then extended to incorporate multicolorant print measurements using an iterative algorithm. …
Kubelka-Munk Theory And The Yule-Nielsen Effect On Halftones, Jonathan Arney, Eric Pray, Katsuya Ito
Kubelka-Munk Theory And The Yule-Nielsen Effect On Halftones, Jonathan Arney, Eric Pray, Katsuya Ito
Articles
This report experimentally relates the Yule–Nielsen n parameter for optical dot gain to the scattering and absorption parameters, S and K, of Kubelka–Munk theory. The relationship between the parameters is made through another metric of light scatter, kp, defined as the inverse of the frequency, ω in cy/mm, at which the MTF of the paper equals 1/2. The value of n is related exponentially to kp, as shown in earlier work, and the current work indicates that kp = c/S, where c is a constant equal approximately to 10. However, contrary to some intuition and to previous theoretical projections, the …
Determining Optical Absorption Of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter In Seawater With A Liquid Capillary Waveguide, Enrico D’Sa, Robert Steward, Anthony Vodacek
Determining Optical Absorption Of Colored Dissolved Organic Matter In Seawater With A Liquid Capillary Waveguide, Enrico D’Sa, Robert Steward, Anthony Vodacek
Articles
Optical absorption spectra of 0.2- um filtered sea-water samples originating from diverse oceanic and coastal waters were measured with a long pathlength capillary wave-guide; results were compared with those of three different lab-oratory spectrophotometers. The 0.5-m long 550- um (inside diameter) aqueous waveguide uses only 120 ml of filtered sea-water, making it convenient for use in flow-through cells or when sample volumes are restricted. Source light propagates inside the capillary waveguide by total internal reflection because of the lower refractive index of the waveguide walls with respect to the aqueous core. The absorption coefficient of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) …
Symmetry Properties Of Halftone Images I : Scattering Symmetry And Pattern Symmetry, Jonathan Arney, Shinya Yamaguchi
Symmetry Properties Of Halftone Images I : Scattering Symmetry And Pattern Symmetry, Jonathan Arney, Shinya Yamaguchi
Articles
Previous work has shown that the mechanism of color and tone reproduction in halftone imaging systems can be described quantitatively by modeling functions for mean level probability, Pij, for light scattering from region i to region j, where regions i and j may be, for example, regions of the printed paper covered by different inks in the halftone process. The value of Pij has been shown to be a function of the area fractions of the regions, fi and fj. In the past, the Pij functions were written empirically to fit observed data or determined by convolution calculations involving the …
Symmetry Properties Of Halftone Images Ii : Accounting For Ink Opacity And Dot Sharpness, Jonathan Arney, Akio Tsujita
Symmetry Properties Of Halftone Images Ii : Accounting For Ink Opacity And Dot Sharpness, Jonathan Arney, Akio Tsujita
Articles
Previous work has shown that tone reproduction characteristics of halftone images can be modeled with knowledge of the probability function P[00], for light to reflect from the paper between the halftone dots after having entered the paper between the halftone dots. In the current report, experimental measurements of the micro-reflectance, R[p], of the paper between the dots is measured as a function of dot area fraction, F, and used with the model to calculate experimental values for P[00] versus F. It is then shown that the model can be modified to account for inks that have significant scattering. The model …
Computation Of The Folkman Number F_E(3, 3; 5), Konrad Piwakowski, Stanislaw Radziszowski, Sebastian Urbanski
Computation Of The Folkman Number F_E(3, 3; 5), Konrad Piwakowski, Stanislaw Radziszowski, Sebastian Urbanski
Articles
With the help of computer algorithms, we improve the lower bound on the edge Folkman number F_e(3; 3; 5) and vertex Folkman number F_v(3; 3; 4), and thus show that the exact values of these numbers are 15 and 14, respectively. We also present computer enumeration of all critical graphs.
A Corporate-Wide Ergonomics Programme: Implementation And Evaluation, Colin Drury, Richard Broderick, Charles Weidman
A Corporate-Wide Ergonomics Programme: Implementation And Evaluation, Colin Drury, Richard Broderick, Charles Weidman
Articles
The challenge of introducing an ergonomics programme into a diverse and relatively loosely-structured corporation is considered. A programme based on a defined multi-step problem-solving process was developed and implemented. An audit of this programme was undertaken in nine divisions, covering each division headquarters and 157 workplaces in 11 plants. From the audit a set of future needs was derived, with changes in the organization, the ergonomic analysis methods, and the specification of solutions.
The Inter-Organisational Relationships In Irish Tourism: The Example Of Lough Derg, Kevin Griffin
The Inter-Organisational Relationships In Irish Tourism: The Example Of Lough Derg, Kevin Griffin
Articles
The data presented in this paper are drawn from research work carried out by the author into the operation and organisation of Irish tourism at a local level. In carrying out this work 104 tourism operators were surveyed in detail in order to assess their attitudes and opinions on a number of issues. The two dominant themes which emerged from this research were the highly varied nature of the tourism operations and the multitude of service providers with whom they interact. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate this diversity of Inter-organisational Relationships (IORs) and to propose an organisational …
Professionalism: Restoring The Flame, Donald L. Burnett Jr.
Professionalism: Restoring The Flame, Donald L. Burnett Jr.
Articles
No abstract provided.
Ninth Circuit Praises Work Of Appellate Clinic Interns, Maureen Laflin
Ninth Circuit Praises Work Of Appellate Clinic Interns, Maureen Laflin
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Constitution And Encryption Regulation: Do We Need A "New Privacy"?, A. Michael Froomkin
The Constitution And Encryption Regulation: Do We Need A "New Privacy"?, A. Michael Froomkin
Articles
No abstract provided.
An Army Of Lovers?: Queering The Ministry Of Defense Report Of The Homosexual Policy Assessment Team, Bruce Carolan
An Army Of Lovers?: Queering The Ministry Of Defense Report Of The Homosexual Policy Assessment Team, Bruce Carolan
Articles
Certain queer theorists argue that gay men and lesbians are banned from military service in certain countries not due to a fear of otherness. Instead, they are prohibited from serving precisely because of a fear that the opposite might be true -- that introducing openly gay people into a 'homosocial' environment might destabilize accepted notions of sexuality among members of the service who presently constitute themselves as heterosexual. This article explores that idea in the context of the Report of the Homosexual Policy Assessment Team established to defend exclusion of openly gay people from military service in the United Kingdom. …
The Missing Pieces Of The Debate Over Federal Property Rights Legislation, Richard Henry Seamon
The Missing Pieces Of The Debate Over Federal Property Rights Legislation, Richard Henry Seamon
Articles
No abstract provided.
Professionalism: Restoring The Flame, Donald L. Burnett Jr.
Professionalism: Restoring The Flame, Donald L. Burnett Jr.
Articles
No abstract provided.
Whither Brazil: Mercosul And The Devaluation Crisis, Keith S. Rosenn
Whither Brazil: Mercosul And The Devaluation Crisis, Keith S. Rosenn
Articles
No abstract provided.
Between Monster And Machine: Rethinking The Judicial Function, Lee Anne Fennell
Between Monster And Machine: Rethinking The Judicial Function, Lee Anne Fennell
Articles
No abstract provided.
Property Rights Claims Of Indigenous Populations: The View From The Common Law, Richard A. Epstein
Property Rights Claims Of Indigenous Populations: The View From The Common Law, Richard A. Epstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Social And Economic Rights - Lessons From South Africa New Developments In World Constitutionalism, Cass R. Sunstein
Social And Economic Rights - Lessons From South Africa New Developments In World Constitutionalism, Cass R. Sunstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
Winner-Take-Less Codes: The Case Of Private Broadcasting Interdisciplinary Program Series, Cass R. Sunstein
Winner-Take-Less Codes: The Case Of Private Broadcasting Interdisciplinary Program Series, Cass R. Sunstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Securitization Of Debt And Equity In Real Estate: Prospects For Law In The Twenty-First Century, Michael H. Schill
The Securitization Of Debt And Equity In Real Estate: Prospects For Law In The Twenty-First Century, Michael H. Schill
Articles
No abstract provided.
The (Limited) Role Of Regulatory Harmonization In International Goods And Services Markets, Alan O. Sykes
The (Limited) Role Of Regulatory Harmonization In International Goods And Services Markets, Alan O. Sykes
Articles
With the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and its agreements relating to technical barriers, much attention has been devoted to the possibility of harmonizing international regulatory policies to reduce the impediments to commerce that result from regulatory heterogeneity. This paper argues that, as a normative matter, harmonization is inferior to a legal system that tolerates regulatory differences subject to legal constraints, and that relies on mutual recognition where appropriate (the exception to this claim being matters of technical compatibility between products). Related, as a positive matter, harmonization will often lack any political constituency and thus instances of true harmonization will …
Civil Settlement During Rape Prosecutions, William Hubbard
Civil Settlement During Rape Prosecutions, William Hubbard
Articles
No abstract provided.
Pinochet And International Human Rights Litigation, Jack L. Goldsmith, Curtis A. Bradley
Pinochet And International Human Rights Litigation, Jack L. Goldsmith, Curtis A. Bradley
Articles
No abstract provided.
Positivism, Formalism, Realism, Brian Leiter
Positivism, Formalism, Realism, Brian Leiter
Articles
In Legal Positivism in American Jurisprudence, Anthony Sebok traces the historical and philosophical relationship between legal positivism and the dominant schools of American jurisprudence: Formalism, Realism, Legal Process, and Fundamental Rights. Sebok argues that formalism followed from the central tenets of Classical Positivism, and that both schools of thought were discredited-through misunderstandings-during the Realist period. Positivism's essential tenets were reasserted by Legal Process scholars, though soon thereafter misappropriated by politically conservative theorists. In the concluding chapters of the book, Sebok argues that the recent theory known as "Soft" Positivism or "Incorporationism" holds out the possibility of redeeming the liberal political …
Perfection Hierarchies And Nontemporal Priority Rules, Randal C. Picker
Perfection Hierarchies And Nontemporal Priority Rules, Randal C. Picker
Articles
No abstract provided.
A Theory Of Customary International Law, Eric A. Posner, Jack L. Goldsmith
A Theory Of Customary International Law, Eric A. Posner, Jack L. Goldsmith
Articles
This Article presents a theory of customary international law ("CIL") that seeks to resolve the many well-known difficulties with standard accounts of CIL. The theory uses simple game theoretical concepts to explain how CIL arises, why nations "comply" with CIL as commonly understood, and how CIL changes. This theory rejects the usual explanations of CIL based on opinio juris, legality, morality, and related concepts. States do not comply with norms of CIL because of a sense of moral or legal obligation; rather, their compliance and the norms themselves emerge from the states' pursuit of self-interested policies on the international stage. …