Digital Commons Network^™

Lay Persons And Community Values In Reviewing Animal Experimentation, Jeff Leslie

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No abstract provided.

The New International Law Scholarship, Eric A. Posner, Jack L. Goldsmith

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No abstract provided.

Review Of A Community-Based Youth Counselling Service, Kevin Lalor, Sinead O'Dwyer, Denis Mccrann

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The structure and operation of a community-based youth counselling service operated by the Kildare Youth Services (KYS) is examined with a view to highlighting its preventative nature. Presenting problems are explored, in the context of the wider social milieu. Particularly, recent trends in sexual behaviour, substance abuse and child sexual abuse are examined. Interviews were conducted with a sample of professionals who referred clients, patients and students to the KYS Youth Counselling Service. Interviews were also conducted with a small sample of clients of the service and with the counsellor-coordinator of the Youth Counselling Service. The service was viewed positively …

Childhood Sexual Abuse Among University Students In Tanzania, Denis Mccrann, Kevin Lalor, Joviter K. Katabaro

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Objectives: There are no prevalence data for childhood sexual abuse among Tanzanian university students. This investigation addressed this paucity. The nature of sexual abuse was also investigated. Method: Participants (N= 487) from a university in Tanzania completed a questionnaire which assessed abusive childhood sexual experiences, gathering information about age of victim, duration of abuse, perpetrators, amount of force or persuasion involved, and potential causes of child sexual abuse. A number of individuals were also interviewed about their experiences. Results: The overall prevalence rate for child sexual abuse was 27.7%, with rates being higher for females than for males. The average …

Implementation Of Image Processing Approach To Translation Of Asl Finger-Spelling To Digital Text, Divya Mandloi, Kanthi Sarella, Chance Glenn

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The present analysis is the phase one of a broader project, the Sign2 Project, which is focused on a complete technological approach to the translation of American Sign Language (ASL) finger-spelling to digital audio and/or text. The methodology adopted in this analysis employs a grayscale image processing technique. We will describe the latest results as well as future enhancements to the system. This paper will also discuss the application of the approach to the telecommunication Industry.

Using A 2-D Simulation Program To Support Interactive Learning Of 3-D Vehicle Dynamics, George Sutherland

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The author has developed an undergraduate course to introduce students to the basic principles of land vehicle dynamics. Many students, though they are intrinsically interested in the subject, have difficulty grasping the physical principles needed to enable a sufficient understanding of the subject to support their aspirations of making informed vehicle design decisions. An intriguing potentially useful fact is that the computer gaming world has developed widely available very sophisticated vehicle computer models with realistic human driver interfaces. However, while very entertaining, these computer games are not suitable for helping undergraduate engineering students understand the basic principles needed for land …

Global Macroeconomic Trends, Thomas Power

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The business of real estate is but a subset of the wider investment markets and macroeconomic trends will significantly shape the way real estate investment decisions are made. The McKinsey Institute is a global economic consultancy firm providing cutting-edge research on a wide range of macroeconomic and business trends. This article reviews macroeconomic trends that they believe will transform the global economy. McKinsey research show that “over two-thirds of organic growth of western companies can be attributed to being in the right markets and geographies” and “companies that ride the tide succeed and those that swim against it usually struggle” …

Villa Le Lac: Une Petite Maison, Noel Brady

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An exploration of the small villa, Une Petit Maison by le Corbusier, outling the basis for its design and execution and place in its landscape.

Re-Evaluating Hedging Performance, Jim Hanly, John Cotter

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Mixed results have been documented for the performance of hedging strategies using futures. This paper reinvestigates this issue using an extensive set of performance evaluation metrics across seven international markets. We compare the hedging performance of short and long hedgers using traditional variance based approaches together with modern risk management techniques including Value at Risk, Conditional Value at Risk and approaches based on Downside Risk. Our findings indicate that using these metrics to evaluate hedging performance, yields differences in terms of best hedging strategy as compared with the traditional variance measure. We also find significant differences in performance between short …

Synthesis Of High-Temperature Stable Anatase Tio2 Photocatalyst, Suresh Pillai, Declan Mccormack, Michael Seery, Pradeepan Periyat, Steven Hinder, John Colreavy, Reenamol George, Hugh Hayden

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In the absence of a dopant or precursor odification, anatase to rutile transformation in synthetic TiO2 sually ccurs at a temperature of 600 700 °C. Conventionally, metal oxide dopants (e.g., Al2O3 nd SiO2 are used o tune the anatase to rutile transformation. A simple methodology is reported here to extend the anatase utile transformation by employing various concentrations of urea. XRD and Raman spectroscopy were used uring thermal treatment. A significantly higher anatase phase (97%) as been obtained at 800 C with use of a 1:1 Ti(OPr)4 urea composition and 11% anatase composition is etained even after calcining …

Digital Entrepreneurship, Clyde Hull, Yu-Ting Hung, Neil Hair

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As more companies start doing digital business - whether by selling their products online, by selling digital wares, or both - the question of how starting a digital venture differs from starting a traditional venture grows more important. We present a framework of digital entrepreneurship that includes a topology of new digital ventures, the characteristics of each type of new digital venture, and a discussion of how those characteristics shape the critical success factors of each type of venture. Specific issues addressed include digital or virtual products and services, digital or virtual workplaces and the effects of relying on computer-mediated …

Xbrl Cost-Benefit Analysis: In Theory And Application, Phillip Kloeden

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A definition of XBRL will be given, followed by a brief overview of the XBRL system. A timeline of events in the brief history of XBRL will be rendered and discussed. Based on the global perspective of the XBRL movement and the establishment of an international consortium, XBRL International, international and domestic analysis will be addressed. Standardization of coding for financial reporting information is the goal of the consortium and the required coding structure will transcend national borders in order to accomplish this goal. A prototype language, created by the early users of eXtensible Markup Language (XML), in the accounting …

Instruction Via Instant Messaging Reference: What’S Happening?, Christina M. Desai, Stephanie J. Graves

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze one Instant Messaging (IM) reference service to determine to what extent instruction is or can be offered in this medium and whether patrons want or expect it.

Design/methodology/approach – The authors surveyed IM patrons over a seven week period to determine whether they felt they could and did learn from chat transactions. Transcript content was analyzed to find out whether and how instruction is being offered.

Findings – Results show that patrons overwhelmingly welcome instruction and that it is provided in a large majority of cases, using a variety of …

The Quest For Tenure: Job Security And Academic Freedom, Mark Adams

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No abstract provided.

U.S. Torture As Tort, Richard Henry Seamon

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Now that the United States has used torture in the war on terrorism and the victims of this torture have begun to sue, it is useful to analyze the potential liability of the United States and its officials for torture under current domestic law. This Article conducts that analysis, and, based on it, assesses the adequacy of current law. The Article concludes that the United States and its officials have no more than minimal liability for torture under current law. The Article also concludes that current law is inadequate. It is inadequate because it is based on considerations of when …

An Erie Obstacle To State Tort Reform, Richard Henry Seamon

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No abstract provided.

Lightening And Enlightening Exam Conferences, Richard Henry Seamon

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No abstract provided.

Chenery Ii And The Development Of Federal Administrative Law, Linda Jellum

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No abstract provided.

Fact-Finding As A Lawmaking Tool For Advancing Women's Human Rights, Tamar Ezer, Susan Deller Ross

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No abstract provided.

Colorblind Must Not Mean Blind To The Realities Facing Black Children, Zanita E. Fenton

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No abstract provided.

The Territorial Temptation: A Siren Song At Sea, Bernard H. Oxman

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No abstract provided.

Idea: Timing Controversial Decisions, Cass R. Sunstein

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No abstract provided.

Justice Breyer's Pragmatic Constitutionalism, Cass R. Sunstein

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The pragmatic method is primarily a method of settling metaphysical disputes that otherwise might be interminable. Is the world one or many?- fated or free? - material or spiritual? - here are notions either of which may or may not hold good of the world; and disputes over such notions are unending. The pragmatic method in such cases is to try to interpret each notion by tracing its respective practical consequences. What difference would it practically make to any one if this notion rather than that notion were true? A Concise Statement of the Task: In interpreting a statute a …

Law Of Implicit Bias, The, Cass R. Sunstein, Christine Jolls

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Considerable attention has been given to the Implicit Association Test (IA T), which finds that most people have an implicit and unconscious bias against members of traditionally disadvantaged groups. Implicit bias poses a special challenge for antidiscrimination law because it suggests the possibility that people are treating others differently even when they are unaware that they are doing so. Some aspects of current law operate, whether intentionally or not, as controls on implicit bias; it is possible to imagine other efforts in that vein. An underlying suggestion is that implicit bias might be controlled through a general strategy of "debiasing …

Ranking Law Schools: A Market Test, Cass R. Sunstein

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Instead of ranking law schools through statistical aggregations of expert judgments or by combining a list of heterogeneous factors, it would be possible to rely on a market test simply by examining student choices. This tournament-type approach would have the large advantage of relying on the widely dispersed information that students actually have; it would also reduce reliance on factors that can be manipulated (and whose manipulation does no good other than to increase rankings). On the other hand, a market test has several problems as a measure of law school quality, partly because cognitive biases and social influences may …

A New Progressivism, Cass R. Sunstein

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There are serious problems with the two twentieth-century approaches to government: the way of markets and the way of planning. The New Progressivism simultaneously offers (1) a distinctive conception of government's appropriate means, an outgrowth of the late-twentieth-century critique of economic planning, and (2) a distinctive understanding of government's appropriate ends, an outgrowth of evident failures with market arrangements and largely a product of the mid-twentieth-century critique of laissez faire. The New Progressivism emphasizes the need to replace bans and commands with appropriate incentives, and to attend to social norms and social meanings in leading human behavior in welfare-promoting directions. …

Boundedly Rational Borrowing, Cass R. Sunstein

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Excessive borrowing, no less than insufficient savings, might be a product of bounded rationality. Identifiable psychological mechanisms are likely to contribute to excessive borrowing; these include myopia, procrastination, optimism bias, "miswanting," and what might be called cumulative cost neglect. Suppose that excessive borrowing is a significant problem for some or many; if so, how might the law respond? The first option involves weak paternalism , through debiasing and other strategies that leave people free to choose as they wish. Another option is strong paternalism, which forecloses choice. Because of private heterogeneity and the risk of government error, regulators should have …

Burkean Minimalism, Cass R. Sunstein

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Burkean minimalism has long played an important role in constitutional law. Like other judicial minimalists, Burkeans believe in rulings that are at once narrow and theoretically unambitious; what Burkeans add is an insistence on respect for traditional practices and an intense distrust of those who would renovate social practices by reference to moral or political reasoning of their own. An understanding of the uses and limits of Burkean minimalism helps to illuminate a number of current debates, including those involving substantive due process, the Establishment Clause, and the power of the president to protect national security. Burkean minimalists oppose, and …

Chevron Step Zero, Cass R. Sunstein

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No abstract provided.

Beyond Marbury: The Exective's Power To Say What The Law Is, Cass R. Sunstein

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Under Marbury v. Madison, it is "emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is." But in the last quarter-century, the Supreme Court has legitimated the executive's power of interpretation, above all in Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, the most cited case in modern public law. Chevron is not merely a counter-Marbury for the executive branch, but also the Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins of the last half-century. It reflects a salutary appreciation of the fact that the law's meaning is not a "brooding omnipresence in the sky" - and that …