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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Visual Literacy Of Molecular Biology Revealed Through A Card-Sorting Task, Dina L. Newman, Hannah Spector, Anna Neuenschwander, Anna J. Miller, Lauren Trumpore, Leslie Kate Wright
Visual Literacy Of Molecular Biology Revealed Through A Card-Sorting Task, Dina L. Newman, Hannah Spector, Anna Neuenschwander, Anna J. Miller, Lauren Trumpore, Leslie Kate Wright
Articles
Visual literacy, which is the ability to effectively identify, interpret, evaluate, use, and create images and visual media, is an important aspect of science literacy. As molecular processes are not directly observable, researchers and educators rely on visual representations (e.g., drawings) to communicate ideas in biology. How learners interpret and organize those numerous diagrams is related to their underlying knowledge about biology and their skills in visual literacy. Furthermore, it is not always obvious how and why learners interpret diagrams in the way they do (especially if their interpretations are unexpected), as it is not possible to “see” inside the …
Determining The Proportionality Of Ischemic Stroke Risk Factors To Age, Elizabeth Hunter, John D. Kelleher
Determining The Proportionality Of Ischemic Stroke Risk Factors To Age, Elizabeth Hunter, John D. Kelleher
Articles
While age is an important risk factor, there are some disadvantages to including it in a stroke risk model: age can dominate the risk score and lead to over-or under-predictions in some age groups. There is evidence to suggest that some of these disadvantages are due to the non-proportionality of other risk factors with age, eg, risk factors contribute differently to stroke risk based on an individual’s age. In this paper, we present a framework to test if risk factors are proportional with age. We then apply the framework to a set of risk factors using Framingham heart study data …
Simple Polystyrene Microfluidic Device For Sensitive And Accurate Sers-Based Detection Of Infection By Malaria Parasites, Maria Joao Oliveira, Soraia Caetano, Ana Dalot, Filipe Sabino, Tomas Calmeiro, Elvira Fortunato, Rodrigo Martins, Eulalia Pereira, Miguel Prudencio, Hugh Byrne, Ricardo Franco, Hugo Aguas
Simple Polystyrene Microfluidic Device For Sensitive And Accurate Sers-Based Detection Of Infection By Malaria Parasites, Maria Joao Oliveira, Soraia Caetano, Ana Dalot, Filipe Sabino, Tomas Calmeiro, Elvira Fortunato, Rodrigo Martins, Eulalia Pereira, Miguel Prudencio, Hugh Byrne, Ricardo Franco, Hugo Aguas
Articles
Early and accurate detection of infection by pathogenic microorganisms, such as Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, is critical for clinical diagnosis and ultimately determines the patient’s outcome. We have combined a polystyrene-based microfluidic device with an immunoassay which utilises Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) to detect malaria. The method can be easily translated to a point-of-care testing format and shows excellent sensitivity and specificity, when compared to the gold standard for laboratorial detection of Plasmodium infections. The device can be fabricated in less than 30 min by direct patterning on shrinkable polystyrene sheets of adaptable three-dimensional microfluidic chips. To validate …
Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares Coupled With Raman Microspectroscopy: New Insights Into The Kinetic Response Of Primary Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells To Cisplatin, Valentina Notarstefano, Alessia Belloni, Paolo Mariani, Giulia Orilisi, Giovanna Orsini, Elisabetta Giorgini, Hugh Byrne
Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares Coupled With Raman Microspectroscopy: New Insights Into The Kinetic Response Of Primary Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells To Cisplatin, Valentina Notarstefano, Alessia Belloni, Paolo Mariani, Giulia Orilisi, Giovanna Orsini, Elisabetta Giorgini, Hugh Byrne
Articles
Raman MicroSpectroscopy (RMS) is a powerful label-free tool to probe the effects of drugs at a cellular/ subcellular level. It is important, however, to be able to extract relevant biochemical and kinetic spectroscopic signatures of the specific cellular responses. In the present study, a combination of Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to analyse the RMS data for the example of exposure of primary Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells (OSCC) to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Dosing regimens were established by cytotoxicity assays, and the effects of the drug on cellular spectral profiles were monitored …
Laser Light As An Emerging Method For Sustainable Food Processing, Packaging, And Testing, Prasad Chavan, Rahul Yadav, Pallavi Sharma, Amit Jaiswal
Laser Light As An Emerging Method For Sustainable Food Processing, Packaging, And Testing, Prasad Chavan, Rahul Yadav, Pallavi Sharma, Amit Jaiswal
Articles
In this review article, we systematically investigated the diverse applications of laser technology within the sphere of food processing, encompassing techniques such as laser ablation, microbial inactivation, state-of-the-art food packaging, and non-destructive testing. With a detailed exploration, we assess the utility of laser ablation for the removal of surface contaminants from foodstuffs, while also noting the potential financial and safety implications of its implementation on an industrial scale. Microbial inactivation by laser shows promise for reducing the microbial load on food surfaces, although concerns have been raised about potential damage to the physio characteristics of some fruits. Laser-based packaging techniques, …
Effect Of Ultrasound-Assisted Thin Bed Drying For Retaining The Quality Of Red Bell Pepper And Compare The Predictive Ability Of The Mathematical Model With Artificial Neural Network, Raju Sasikumar, Irengbam Barun Mangang, Kamchampati Vivek, Amit K. Jaiswal
Effect Of Ultrasound-Assisted Thin Bed Drying For Retaining The Quality Of Red Bell Pepper And Compare The Predictive Ability Of The Mathematical Model With Artificial Neural Network, Raju Sasikumar, Irengbam Barun Mangang, Kamchampati Vivek, Amit K. Jaiswal
Articles
Red bell peppers (Capsicum ann. L.) are low in calories and high in nutrients, including vitamins A and C. Various factors such as weight loss, senescence, and microbial influence affect their quality during storage. To address this, the present study aims to preserve and retain the quality of red bell peppers using ultrasound-assisted thin-bed drying. The results were analyzed using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for more accurate prediction of variables involved in the process. Variations in moisture ratio and moisture content during drying were calculated and predicted. The Mid. model provided satisfactory curve fitting at an air velocity of …
Electromechanical Coupling In Collagen Measured Under Increasing Relative Humidity, Arwa Bazaid, Fengyuan Zhang, Qiancheng Zhang, Sabine Neumayer, Denise Denning, Stefan Habelitz, Ana Marina Ferreira, Brian J. Rodriguez
Electromechanical Coupling In Collagen Measured Under Increasing Relative Humidity, Arwa Bazaid, Fengyuan Zhang, Qiancheng Zhang, Sabine Neumayer, Denise Denning, Stefan Habelitz, Ana Marina Ferreira, Brian J. Rodriguez
Articles
The functional role of collagen piezoelectricity has been under debate since the discovery of piezoelectricity in bone in 1957. The possibility that piezoelectricity plays a role in bone remodelling has generated interest in the investigation of this effect in relevant physiological conditions; however, there are conflicting reports as to whether collagen is piezoelectric in a humid environment. In macroscale measurements, the piezoelectricity in hydrated tendon has been shown to be insignificant compared to dehydrated tendon, whereas, at the nanoscale, the piezoelectric effect has been observed in both dry and wet bone using piezo response force microscopy (PFM). In this work, …
Label-Free Quantification Of Nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters In Cosmetic Hydrogels Using Raman Spectroscopy, Suha Elderderi, Franck Bonnier, Xavier Perse, Hugh Byrne, Florent Yvergnaux, Igor Chourpa, Abdalla A. Elbashir, Emilie Munnier
Label-Free Quantification Of Nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters In Cosmetic Hydrogels Using Raman Spectroscopy, Suha Elderderi, Franck Bonnier, Xavier Perse, Hugh Byrne, Florent Yvergnaux, Igor Chourpa, Abdalla A. Elbashir, Emilie Munnier
Articles
Raman spectroscopy is a well-established technique for the molecular characterisation of samples and does not require extensive pre-analytical processing for complex cosmetic products. As an illustration of its potential, this study investigates the quantitative performance of Raman spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the analysis of Alginate nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters (ANC-PE) incorporated into a hydrogel. A total of 96 ANC-PE samples covering a 0.4% w/w–8.3% w/w PE concentration range have been prepared and analysed. Despite the complex formulation of the sample, the spectral features of the PE can be detected and used to quantify the concentrations. Using …
Effect Of Hot Water Extraction On Pyrolysis Of Tender Coconut Fruit Biomass: Kinetic And Thermodynamic Parameters, Tanya Gupta, Mohit Kuma, S.N. Upadhyay, P.K. Mishra, Amit K. Jaiswal
Effect Of Hot Water Extraction On Pyrolysis Of Tender Coconut Fruit Biomass: Kinetic And Thermodynamic Parameters, Tanya Gupta, Mohit Kuma, S.N. Upadhyay, P.K. Mishra, Amit K. Jaiswal
Articles
Effect of pre-treatment of tender coconut fruit bio-mass powder with hot water on physico-chemical properties and thermal degradation behavior were investigated. The physico-chemical parameters were evaluated using ASTM standard protocols. The thermal degradation behavior was studied at heating rates of 10, 15 and 20oC/min under inert (N2) atmospheric conditions using TG/DTG techniques. The activation energies at each heating rate were determined using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Starink, and Tang models. The pre-treatment with hot water improved the proximate and ultimate analyses parameters and calorific value. The higher heating values (HHV) for untreated and treated tender coconut fruit biomass were 18.57 …
Towards An Inclusive And Representative Academic Landscape, Linn Leppert, Katalin Solymosi, Yvonne Galligan
Towards An Inclusive And Representative Academic Landscape, Linn Leppert, Katalin Solymosi, Yvonne Galligan
Articles
This article is a summary of a panel discussion entitled ‘Towards an inclusive and representative academic landscape’, held at the Building Bridges Meeting of Academia Europaea and the Young Academy of Europe on 26 October 2022. The panellists were Professor Yvonne Galligan, director of Equality, Diversity and Inclusion and Professor of Comparative Politics at the Technological University Dublin, Dr Katalin Solymosi, plant biologist, assistant professor at Eötvös Loránd University and vice-chair of the Young Academy of Europe, and Professor Stephen Curry, Assistant Provost for Equality, Diversity and Inclusion and Professor of Structural Biology at Imperial College London. Dr Linn Leppert, …
Three-Dimensional (3d) In Vitro Cell Culture Protocols To Enhance Glioblastoma Research, Janith Wanigasekara, Lara Carroll, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James Curtin
Three-Dimensional (3d) In Vitro Cell Culture Protocols To Enhance Glioblastoma Research, Janith Wanigasekara, Lara Carroll, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James Curtin
Articles
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models can help bridge the gap between in vitro cell cultures and in vivo responses by more accurately simulating the natural in vivo environment, shape, tissue stiffness, stressors, gradients and cellular response while avoiding the costs and ethical concerns associated with animal models. The inclusion of the third dimension in 3D cell culture influences the spatial organization of cell surface receptors that interact with other cells and imposes physical restrictions on cells in compared to Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Spheroids’ distinctive cyto-architecture mimics in vivo cellular structure, gene expression, metabolism, proliferation, oxygenation, nutrition absorption, waste excretion, …
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity Of Methanolic Extracts Of Salix Alba L. Against Various Disease Causing Pathogens, Bilal Javed, F. Farooq, M. Ibrahim, H.A.B. Abbas, H. Jawwad, S.S. Zehra, H.M. Ahmad, A. Sarwar, K. Malik, K. Nawaz
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activity Of Methanolic Extracts Of Salix Alba L. Against Various Disease Causing Pathogens, Bilal Javed, F. Farooq, M. Ibrahim, H.A.B. Abbas, H. Jawwad, S.S. Zehra, H.M. Ahmad, A. Sarwar, K. Malik, K. Nawaz
Articles
The present study was aimed to manifest the antibacterial and antifungal activity of methanolic extracts of Salix alba L. against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens e.g. Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus (1), S. aureus (2), Shigella sonnei, Escherichia coli (1), E. coli (2) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and three fungal isolates from the air such as Aspergillus terreus, A. ornatus, and Rhizopus stolonifer. Two different serotypes of S. aureus and E. coli were used. The agar well-diffusion method results showed the dose-dependent response of plant extracts against bacterial and fungal strains while some organisms were found resistant e.g. E. coli (1), …
Design, Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of A Novel Bioactive Indane Scaffold 2-(Diphenylmethylene)C-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Inden-1-One With Potential Anticancer Activity, Tao Zhang, Vilmar Bandero, Claire Corcoran, Ismael Obaidi, Manuel Ruether, John O'Brien, Lorraine O'Driscoll, Neil Frankish, Helen Sheridan
Design, Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of A Novel Bioactive Indane Scaffold 2-(Diphenylmethylene)C-2,3-Dihydro-1h-Inden-1-One With Potential Anticancer Activity, Tao Zhang, Vilmar Bandero, Claire Corcoran, Ismael Obaidi, Manuel Ruether, John O'Brien, Lorraine O'Driscoll, Neil Frankish, Helen Sheridan
Articles
Over the past decades, designing of privileged structures has emerged as a useful approach to the discovery and optimisation of novel biologically active molecules, and many have been successfully exploited across and within different target families. Examples include indole, quinolone, isoquinoline, benzofuran and chromone, etc. In the current study, we focus on synthesising a novel hybrid scaffold constituting naturally occurring benzophenone (14) and indanone (22) ring systems, leading to a general structure of 2-(diphenylmethylene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (23). It was hypothesised this new hybrid system would provide enhanced anti-cancer activity owing to the presence of the common features associated with the tubulin binding …
Enhanced Gene Transfection Efficacy And Safety Through Granular Hydrogel Mediated Gene Delivery Process, Jing Zhang, Zhonglei He, Yinghao Li, Yu Shen, Guanfu Wu, Laura Power, Rijian Song, Ming Zeng, Xianqing Wang, Irene Lara Sáez, Sigen A, Qian Xu, James Curtin, Ziyi Yu, Wenxin Wang
Enhanced Gene Transfection Efficacy And Safety Through Granular Hydrogel Mediated Gene Delivery Process, Jing Zhang, Zhonglei He, Yinghao Li, Yu Shen, Guanfu Wu, Laura Power, Rijian Song, Ming Zeng, Xianqing Wang, Irene Lara Sáez, Sigen A, Qian Xu, James Curtin, Ziyi Yu, Wenxin Wang
Articles
Although gene therapy has made great achievements in both laboratory research and clinical translation, there are still challenges such as limited control of drug pharmacokinetics, acute toxicity, poor tissue retention, insufficient efficacy, and inconsistent clinical translation. Herein, a gene therapy gel is formulated by directly redispersing polyplex nanoparticles into granular hydrogels without any gelation pre-treatment, which provides great convenience for storage, dosing and administration. In vitro studies have shown that use of granular hydrogels can regulate the gene drug release, reduce dose dependent toxicity and help improve transfection efficacy. Moreover, the developed gene therapy gel is easy to operate and …
Tio2-Mwcnt Nanohybrid: Cytotoxicity, Protein Corona Formation And Cellular Internalisation In Rtg-2 Fish Cell Line, Gabriela Helena Da Silva, Lidiane Silva Franqui, Marcelo A. De Farias, Vera Lucia S.S. De Castro, Hugh Byrne, Diego S.T. Martinez, Regina T.R. Monteiro, Alan Casey
Tio2-Mwcnt Nanohybrid: Cytotoxicity, Protein Corona Formation And Cellular Internalisation In Rtg-2 Fish Cell Line, Gabriela Helena Da Silva, Lidiane Silva Franqui, Marcelo A. De Farias, Vera Lucia S.S. De Castro, Hugh Byrne, Diego S.T. Martinez, Regina T.R. Monteiro, Alan Casey
Articles
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (TiO2-MWCNT) nanohydrid has an enhanced photocatalytic activity across the visible light with promising applications in environmental remediation, solar energy devices and antimicrobial technologies. However, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicological effects of TiO2-MWCNT towards safe and sustainable development of nanohybrids. In this work, we studied the cytotoxicity, protein corona formation and cellular internalisation of TiO2-MWCNT on fibroblasts derived from gonadal rainbow trout tissue (RTG-2) for the first time. This nanohydrid did not show any toxicity effect on RTG-2 cells up to 100 mg L-1 after 24 h of exposure as monitored by alamar blue, …
Rapid Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid Protein By A Label-Free Biosensor Based On Optical Fiber Cylindrical Micro-Resonator, Ru-Lei Xia, Bin Liu, Yingying Hu, Juan Liu, Yue Fu, Xing-Dao He, Ping Lu, Yingying Hu, Gerald Farrell
Rapid Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 Nucleocapsid Protein By A Label-Free Biosensor Based On Optical Fiber Cylindrical Micro-Resonator, Ru-Lei Xia, Bin Liu, Yingying Hu, Juan Liu, Yue Fu, Xing-Dao He, Ping Lu, Yingying Hu, Gerald Farrell
Articles
The current global outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) continues to be a severe threat to human health. Rapid, low-cost, and accurate antigen detection methods are very important for disease diagnosis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid protein (N-Protein) is often used as the diagnostic and screening for coronavirus detection. To this end, we propose and experimentally validate a highly sensitive whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical cylindrical micro-resonator (CMR) for bio immunoassay detection. To study the biokinetic process of immunoassay, the surface of the WGM micro-resonator is functionalized with N-Protein monoclonal antibody (N-Protein-m Ab), which led to the specific detection …
Characterization Of Food Chain Clostridioides Difficile Isolates In Terms Of Ribotype And Antimicrobial Resistance, Pilar Marcos, Aoife Doyle, Paul Whyte, Thomas R. Rogers, Maire Mcelroy, Seamus Fanning, Jesus Maria Frias, Declan Bolton
Characterization Of Food Chain Clostridioides Difficile Isolates In Terms Of Ribotype And Antimicrobial Resistance, Pilar Marcos, Aoife Doyle, Paul Whyte, Thomas R. Rogers, Maire Mcelroy, Seamus Fanning, Jesus Maria Frias, Declan Bolton
Articles
The aim of this study was to characterize C. difficile isolates from the farm, abattoir, and retail outlets in Ireland in terms of ribotype and antibiotic resistance (vancomycin, erythromycin, metronidazole, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, and rifampicin) using PCR and E-test methods, respectively. The most common ribotype in all stages of the food chain (including retail foods) was 078 and a variant (RT078/4). Less commonly reported (014/0, 002/1, 049, and 205) and novel (RT530, 547, and 683) ribotypes were also detected, but at lower frequencies. Approximately 72% (26/36 tested) of the isolates tested were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the majority …
Feature Papers In Optical Sensors 2022, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, Yuliya Semenova, Benjamin Miller
Feature Papers In Optical Sensors 2022, Vittorio M. N. Passaro, Yuliya Semenova, Benjamin Miller
Articles
Today, optical sensors are the subject of a very significant number of studies and applications. Many well-established technologies, including free-space optics, integrated photonics, and fiber optics approaches, have been developed in recent decades to fabricate and develop increasingly more efficient optical sensors for applications ranging from industrial control to monitoring the environment, biomedical use, and even as part of the Internet of Things.
Enhancing The Thermo-Optic Tuning Performance Of Whispering Gallery Modes In A Microcapillary Resonator Filled With Nematic Liquid Crystals, Zhe Wang, Arun Kumar Mallik, Fangfang Wei, Zhuochen Wang, Anuradha Rout, Qiang Wu, Yuliya Semenova
Enhancing The Thermo-Optic Tuning Performance Of Whispering Gallery Modes In A Microcapillary Resonator Filled With Nematic Liquid Crystals, Zhe Wang, Arun Kumar Mallik, Fangfang Wei, Zhuochen Wang, Anuradha Rout, Qiang Wu, Yuliya Semenova
Articles
We investigated both theoretically and experimentally, the thermo-optic tuning of whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) in a microcapillary resonator filled with nematic liquid-crystal (LC). The tuning of WGMs was realized due to the photo-thermal effect of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on the surface of a fiber half-taper connected to a pump laser source, resulting in temperature-induced refractive index (RI) changes of the LC material. Based on perturbation theory, we analyzed the influence the RI and the wall thickness on the sensitivity of the proposed tuning scheme. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrated that increasing the thickness of the MNPs coating on the fiber taper surface …
Efficient 2075-Nm Laser Emission From Ho3+-Doped Fluorotellurite Glass In A Compact All-Fiber Structure, Liyuan Wang, Xiaotong Zhao, Nian Lv, Niannian Xu, Zhenrui Li, Gerald Farrell, Shunbin Wang, Pengfei Wang
Efficient 2075-Nm Laser Emission From Ho3+-Doped Fluorotellurite Glass In A Compact All-Fiber Structure, Liyuan Wang, Xiaotong Zhao, Nian Lv, Niannian Xu, Zhenrui Li, Gerald Farrell, Shunbin Wang, Pengfei Wang
Articles
In this Letter, we report an Ho3+-doped fluorotellurite glass all-fiber laser at 2075 nm. The gain fiber is pumped in-band with a 1976-nm fiber laser and connected by fusion splicing. A high-quality fusion splicing point with a loss of < 0.1 dB was obtained by finely adjusting the splicing power and offset. In addition, by optimizing the writing parameters, a third-order fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with a reflectivity of 98% was achieved at 2075 nm using the femtosecond laser direct-writing method. Using the FBG as the laser cavity mirror and a relatively short 28-cm-long home-made Ho3+-doped fluorotellurite fiber as the laser medium, a laser with a maximum unsaturated output power of 7.33 W was obtained, and the corresponding slope efficiency was as high as 93.4%. The first, to the best of our knowledge, demonstration of the fluorotellurite glass all-fiber ∼2.1-µm laser presented in this work may pave the way for a high-power 2.1-µm fiber laser with a compact structure.
Forecasting Covid-19 Cases Using Dynamic Time Warping And Incremental Machine Learning Methods, Luis Miralles-Pechuán, Ankit Kumar, Andres L. Suarez-Cetrulo
Forecasting Covid-19 Cases Using Dynamic Time Warping And Incremental Machine Learning Methods, Luis Miralles-Pechuán, Ankit Kumar, Andres L. Suarez-Cetrulo
Articles
The investment of time and resources for developing better strategies is key to dealing with future pandemics. In this work, we recreated the situation of COVID-19 across the year 2020, when the pandemic started spreading worldwide. We conducted experiments to predict the coronavirus cases for the 50 countries with the most cases during 2020. We compared the performance of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms, such as long-short-term memory networks, against that of online incremental machine learning algorithms. To find the best strategy, we performed experiments to test three different approaches. In the first approach (single-country), we trained each model using data …
Modification Of Hyaluronic Acid To Enable Click Chemistry Photo-Crosslinking Of Hydrogels With Tailorable Degradation Profiles, Ciara Buckley
Modification Of Hyaluronic Acid To Enable Click Chemistry Photo-Crosslinking Of Hydrogels With Tailorable Degradation Profiles, Ciara Buckley
Articles
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally occurring mucopolysaccharide that, due to its inherent bioactivity and extracellular matrix-like structure, has the potential to be utilised extensively in tissue engineering. However, this glycosaminoglycan lacks the properties required for cellular adhesion and photo-crosslinking by UV light, which significantly hinders this polymers applicability. This research presents a method for modifying hyaluronic acid via thiolation and methacrylation to generate a novel photo-crosslinkable polymer with improved physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and the potential to customize biodegradability according to the ratio of monomers used. A decrease in stiffness proportional to increasing thiol concentration was observed when testing the …
Putting The Individual And Context Back Into National Human Resource Development Research: A Systematic Review And Research Agenda, Thomas Garavan, Jia Wang, Ciara Nolan Dr, Yanqing Lai, Fergal O'Brien, Colette Darcy, Gerri Matthews-Smith, Gary Mclean
Putting The Individual And Context Back Into National Human Resource Development Research: A Systematic Review And Research Agenda, Thomas Garavan, Jia Wang, Ciara Nolan Dr, Yanqing Lai, Fergal O'Brien, Colette Darcy, Gerri Matthews-Smith, Gary Mclean
Articles
Conceptualization of national human resource development (NHRD) emphasizes that it is an ongoing development process of the individual that is shaped by context. However, the extant literature has focused primarily on describing and evaluating NHRD policies and interventions in different countries with limited consideration of NHRD across the lifespan and the interaction of life stage with context. Using ecological systems theory (EST) and a lifespan development perspective (LDP), we present a systematic review of the NHRD literature based on 310 sources. We identify key themes and gaps in research across the lifespan and at distinct levels of the ecological system. …
The Use Of Transport Time Scales As Indicators Of Pollution Persistence In A Macro-Tidal Setting, Guanghai Gao, John J. O'Sullivan, Aisling Corkery, Zeinab Bedri, Gregory M.P. O'Hare, Wim G. Meijer
The Use Of Transport Time Scales As Indicators Of Pollution Persistence In A Macro-Tidal Setting, Guanghai Gao, John J. O'Sullivan, Aisling Corkery, Zeinab Bedri, Gregory M.P. O'Hare, Wim G. Meijer
Articles
An understanding of water exchange processes is essential for assessing water quality management issues in coastal bays. This paper evaluates the impact of water exchange processes on pollution persistence in a macro-tidal semi-closed coastal bay through two transport time scales (TTS), namely residence time and exposure time. The numerical model was calibrated against field-measured data for various tidal conditions. Simulated current speeds and directions were shown to agree well with the field data. By considering different release scenarios of a conservative tracer by the refinement of an integrated hydrodynamic and solute transport model (the EFDC), the two TTS were used …
Use Of Inner/Outer Sphere Terminology In Electrochemistry—A Hexacyanoferrate Ii/Iii Case Study, John Cassidy, Rafaela Cristina De Carvalho, Tony Betts
Use Of Inner/Outer Sphere Terminology In Electrochemistry—A Hexacyanoferrate Ii/Iii Case Study, John Cassidy, Rafaela Cristina De Carvalho, Tony Betts
Articles
Salts of hexacyanoferrate II/III anions have been widely used as redox couple probe molecules to determine the characteristics of electrode surfaces. Examples include the assessment of electrocatalysts for energy applications and electrocatalysts for the detection of biological or chemical species, as well as the determination of electrochemically active surface areas. An examination of the electrochemical literature, based largely on cyclic voltammetric investigations, reveals a wide range of peak separation and/or heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants, classified sometimes as inner or outer sphere electron transfer processes. Originally developed for the mechanistic interpretation of inorganic transition metal compounds in solution, this terminology …
Characterisation Of Cartilage Damage Via Fusing Mid-Infrared, Near-Infrared, And Raman Spectroscopic Data, Rubina Shaikh Dr, Valeria Tafintseva, Ervin Nippolainen, Vesa Virtanen, Johanne Solheim, Boris Zimmermann, Simo Saarakkala, Juhu Toyras, Achim Kohler, Isaac O. Afara
Characterisation Of Cartilage Damage Via Fusing Mid-Infrared, Near-Infrared, And Raman Spectroscopic Data, Rubina Shaikh Dr, Valeria Tafintseva, Ervin Nippolainen, Vesa Virtanen, Johanne Solheim, Boris Zimmermann, Simo Saarakkala, Juhu Toyras, Achim Kohler, Isaac O. Afara
Articles
Mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and Raman spectroscopy are all well-established analytical techniques in biomedical applications. Since they provide complementary chemical information, we aimed to determine whether combining them amplifies their strengths and mitigates their weaknesses. This study investigates the feasibility of the fusion of MIR, NIR, and Raman spectroscopic data for characterising articular cartilage integrity. Osteochondral specimens from bovine patellae were subjected to mechanical and enzymatic damage, and then MIR, NIR, and Raman data were acquired from the damaged and control specimens. We assessed the capacity of individual spectroscopic methods to classify the samples into damage or control …
Review Of The International Play Policies And Their Contribution To Supporting A Child's Right To Play, Fiona Armstrong, David Gaul
Review Of The International Play Policies And Their Contribution To Supporting A Child's Right To Play, Fiona Armstrong, David Gaul
Articles
Play is recognised as a fundamental children's right protected by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Despite legal and constitutional requirements for ensuring children's right to play, there are few international policies dedicated to play. This paper seeks to use a critical discourse analysis lens to compare the current international policies dedicated to play and identify examples of good practice and perceived barriers to the successful development and implementation of play policies.
Nanomaterials-Based Biosensors For The Detection Of Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: Recent Trends And Future Perspective, Baljit Singh, Shiliang Ma, Tony O. Hara, Sargun Singh
Nanomaterials-Based Biosensors For The Detection Of Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: Recent Trends And Future Perspective, Baljit Singh, Shiliang Ma, Tony O. Hara, Sargun Singh
Articles
Cancer is among the leading causes of death and an important barrier to improving life expectancy globally. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The detection of biomarkers in body fluids is the key topic for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer. Despite advances in prostate cancer detection methods, therapeutic agents and new biomarkers, prostate cancer remains a serious challenge. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is widely recognized as an important biomarker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer although researchers have also investigated the use of alternative biomarkers. Design and development of novel biosensors for prostate cancer …
Incidence And Prevalence Of Keratoconus Based On Scheimpflug Imaging, Elsie Chan, Elaine W. Chong, Samantha Sze-Yee Lee, Maria Franchina, Seyhan Yazar, Peter Eastwood, Nigel Mcardle, David A. Mackey, Gareth Lingham
Incidence And Prevalence Of Keratoconus Based On Scheimpflug Imaging, Elsie Chan, Elaine W. Chong, Samantha Sze-Yee Lee, Maria Franchina, Seyhan Yazar, Peter Eastwood, Nigel Mcardle, David A. Mackey, Gareth Lingham
Articles
The prevalence of keratoconus (Belin/Ambrόsio Enhanced Ectasia Display Score ≥2.6 on Scheimpflug imaging) in a longitudinal, community cohort study from Western Australia was 3.4% (n=26/755). Keratoconus incidence over an 8-year period was 2.2% (n=15/669).
Lessons From Disease And Economic Surveillance During Covid-19, Anup Malani
Lessons From Disease And Economic Surveillance During Covid-19, Anup Malani
Articles
This paper describes disease and economic surveillance during COVID, along with the uses of that surveillance, and lessons learned about the pandemic from that surveillance. It ends with policy suggestions on how to gather intelligence during the next pandemic in India and how surveillance informs suppression policy. The important themes that I stress are the value of population-level surveillance, understanding the incentives and disincentives for surveillance and reporting, and tailoring policy to the results of surveillance.