Digital Commons Network^™

The Non-First Amendment Law Of Speech, Genevieve Lakier

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No abstract provided.

The Future Of Felon Disenfranchisement Reform: Evidence From The Campaign To Restore Voting Rights In Florida, Michael Morse

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No abstract provided.

Police Deception In Interrogation As A Problem Of Procedural Legitimacy, Margareth Etienne, Richard Mcadams

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No abstract provided.

The Law Of Energy Exports, Alexandra Klass, Shantal Pai

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No abstract provided.

Extraterritorial Damages In Patent Law, Tom Cotter

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No abstract provided.

Exploring Sports Nutrition Knowledge In Elite Gaelic Footballers, Luke O'Brien, Kieran Collins, Farzad Amirabdollhian

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Nutrition intake plays a crucial role in improving athletic performance, enhancing adaptations to training, and augmenting recovery from exercise. However, research has reported that Gaelic footballers consistently fail to meet energy and carbohydrate recommendations. Sports nutrition knowledge (SNK) can influence the dietary intake of athletes, and therefore has the potential to have a significant impact on athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the current level of SNK in elite Gaelic footballers (n = 100). An online version of the Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ) was used to assess sports SNK. The overall mean SNK scores …

Chefs’ Perspectives Of Failures In Foodservice Kitchens, Part 1: A Phenomenological Exploration Of The Concepts, Types, And Causes Of Food Production Failure, Máirtín Mac Con Iomaire, Jj Healy, Mohamed Fawzi Afiffi

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Customers visit restaurants for varying reasons ranging from utilitarian – to satisfy hunger – to hedonistic – displaying cultural capital (Bourdieu, 1984) more recently theorized as culinary capital (Naccarato & Lebesco, 2012). Restaurants are even more significant in the new ‘experience economy’ (Pine & Gilmore, 1998) where lunch or dinner are conceptualized as ‘meal experiences.’ There is widespread acceptance of the pivotal role (about 33% of tourist spend) that food now plays in the tourism product of any country (Quigley et al., 2019).

The Acute Effect Of Magnesium Supplementation On Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross-Over Pilot Study, Catriona Murphy, Jennifer A. Byrne, Jennifer Keogh, Michelle Headland, Peter M. Clifton

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: Magnesium (Mg) deficiency might be a catalyst in the process of endothelial dysfunction, an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the acute effect of an oral Mg supplement as compared to control on endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Nineteen participants (39 years, body mass index (BMI) 22.9 kg/m2 ) completed this randomized cross-over study. Blood pressure (BP) and FMD were measured and blood samples were taken before participants drank 200 mL water, with or without an over the counter Mg supplement (450 mg and 300 mg for men …

A Step Closer To Elastogenesis On Demand; Inducing Mature Elastic Fibre Deposition In A Natural Biomaterial Scaffold, Francisco R. Almeida-González, Arlyng González-Vázquez, Suzanne M. Mithieux, Fergal J. O'Brien, Anthony S. Weiss, Claire Brougham

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Elastic fibres play a key role in bodily functions where fatigue resistance and elastic recovery are necessary while regulating phenotype, proliferation and migration in cells. While in vivo elastic fibres are created at a late foetal stage, a major obstacle in the development of engineered tissue is that human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs), one of the principal elastogenic cells, are unable to spontaneously promote elastogenesis in vitro. Therefore, the overall aim of this study was to activate elastogenesis in vitro by hVSMCs seeded in fibrin, collagen, glycosaminoglycan (FCG) scaffolds, following the addition of recombinant human tropoelastin. This combination …

Mapping The Light Fantastic At Newgrange, Frank Prendergast, Clare Tuffy, John Lalor, Claire Breen, Sinéad Gargan

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THE WORLD HERITAGE PROPERTY of Brú na Bóinne attracts thousands of visitors from Ireland and around the globe, many drawn by the remarkable winter solstice phenomenon, when the rising sun’s rays illuminate the burial chamber. During 2020 it became clear that public health measures to combat the global pandemic were going to preclude visitor access to the chamber of the Great Mound of Newgrange, including during the annual winter solstice celebrations. When the government agencies OPW and NMS discussed how to manage Newgrange and the solstice during the restrictions, Clare Tuffy, Manager of Visitor Services at Brú na Bóinne, suggested …

The Virtual Law School, 2.0, A. Michael Froomkin

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Just over twenty years ago I gave a talk to the AALS called The Virtual Law School? Or, How the Internet Will De-skill the Professoriate, and Turn Your Law School Into a Conference Center. I came to the subject because I had been working on internet law, learning about virtual worlds and e-commerce, and about the power of one-to-many communications, and it struck me that a lot of what I had learned applied to education in general and to legal education in particular.
It didn't happen. Or at least, it has not happened yet. In this essay I want …

Hyperspectral Spectroscopy To Detect Different Responses Of Two Soybean (Glycine Max) Cultivars To Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina) Toxin, Ameer H. Al-Ahmadi, Arjun Subedi, Ruplal Choudhary, Ahmad Fakhoury, Dennis G. Watson

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Previous studies have confirmed the potential of hyperspectral spectroscopy (HS) to detect charcoal rot toxin effect on soybean (Glycine max). However, there is no evidence that it can differentiate among difference responses to that effect. This research tested the potential of HS (900–2400 nm) to differentiate different responses to charcoal rot effect caused by the fungal pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. Known susceptible ‘Pharaoh’ and resistant ‘Spencer’ cultivars of soybean seedlings at the V1 stage were tested, and HS reflectance was measured in each treatment at 0 h (just before toxin treatment), 24 h, and 36 h after toxin …

Private Confederate Monuments, Jessica Owley, Jess Phelps, Sean W. Hughes

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As public Confederate monuments finally begin to come down across the nation, we are seeing an emergence of Confederate monuments on private lands. The number of private Confederate monuments is increasing both with the construction of new monuments and, more significantly, the relocation of monuments from public land. This Article explains why private Confederate monuments are likely to be the next battleground over these controversial and troubling statues. Through ten detailed examples, we show how private Confederate monuments emerge and how communities are responding to them. The challenges related to monuments on private land are different than those on public …

The Perpetuation Of Stereotypes In Croatian Public Discourse: “Autistic” As A Pejorative, Jakob Patekar

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The way people are spoken or written about has a critical role in how they are perceived, and this in turn influences how they are positioned within a society – belonging to its core, the majority, or being relegated to the margins, the minority. Various authors have reflected on the role of language in dehumanizing, oppressing, and discriminating certain groups, be it the Jewish citizens during the Nazi regime in Germany, the Tutsi in the Rwandan genocide of 1994, black people in the United States since 1619, women throughout history, or gay and disabled people today, to name a few …

"Constructing Countervailing Power: Law And Organizing In An Era Of Political Inequality", Kate Andrias, Benjamin I. Sachs

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This Article proposes an innovative approach to remedying the crisis of political inequality: using law to facilitate organizing by the poor and working class, not only as workers, but also as tenants, debtors, welfare beneficiaries, and others. The piece draws on the social-movements literature, and the successes and failures of labor law, to show how law can supplement the deficient regimes of campaign finance and lobbying reform and enable lower-income groups to build organizations capable of countervailing the political power of the wealthy. As such, the Article offers a new direction forward for the public-law literature on political power and …

Race And The First Amendment: A Compendium Of Resources, Solomon F. Worlds, Leonard M. Niehoff

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This article provides summaries of law review articles and books that consider the complex relationship between racial justice and free speech. It seeks to assist law students, legal scholars, judges, and practitioners to think more deeply about the intersection between these critically important values. It describes scholarship that views these values as complementary, but also scholarship that views them as conflicting.

The Energy Transition And Mining: Reconciling The Growth Of Renewable Energy With The Need For New Mineral Development, Alexandra B. Klass, Allison J. Mitchell

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Under the Paris Agreement, the global governmental signatories embraced the goal to hold global average temperature increase to “well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels” while “pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.” Almost every country in the world signed on to the Paris Agreement, adopting the prevailing science that anthropocentric greenhouse gas emissions would result in rising global temperatures and catastrophic damages from climate change in the absence of immediate action. In pursuit of this goal, the signatories agreed that all member countries would work together to bring greenhouse gas emissions to zero within the …

Distinct Chemistries Define The Diverse Biological Effects Of Plasma Activated Water Generated With Spark And Glow Plasma Discharges, Evanthia Tsoukou, Maxime Delit, Louise Treint, Paula Bourke, Daniela Boehm

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The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to human health. Plasma activated liquids (PAL) could be a promising alternative for microbial decontamination, where different PAL can possess diverse antimicrobial efficacies and cytotoxic profiles, depending on the range and concentration of their reactive chemical species. In this research, the biological activity of plasma activated water (PAW) on different biological targets including both microbiological and mammalian cells was investigated in vitro. The aim was to further an understanding of the specific role of distinct plasma reactive species, which is required to tailor plasma activated liquids for use in applications where …

Influence Of Molecular Weight Fractionation On The Antimicrobial And Anticancer Properties Of A Fucoidan Rich-Extract From The Macroalgae Fucus Vesiculosus, Eduarda M. Cabral, Julie Mondala, Márcia Oliveira, Joanna Przyborska, Stephen Fitzpatrick, Dilip K. Rai, Saravana Periaswamy Sivagnanam, Marco Garcia-Vaquero, Denis O'Shea, Michael Devereux, Brijesh K. Tiwari, James Curtin

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The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial and anticancer properties of a fucoidan extract and subsequent fractions isolated from the macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus. The fractions obtained (>300 kDa,kDa,kDa,kDa) could inhibit the growth of B. subtilis, E. coli, L. innocua and P. fluorescens when assayed at concentrations between 12,500 and 25,000 ppm. The bacterial growth was monitored by optical density (OD) measurements (600 nm, 24 h) at 30 °C or 37 °C, depending upon on the strain used. The extracted fractions were also tested for cytotoxicity against brain glioblastoma cancer cells using the Alamar Blue assay for …

A Call For An Intersectional Feminist Restorative Justice Approach To Addressing The Criminalization Of Black Girls, Donna Coker, Thalia Gonzalez

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No abstract provided.

Ruthenium-Centred Btp Glycoclusters As Inhibitors For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm Formation, Ciaran O'Reilly, Salvador Blasco, Bina Parekh, Helen Collins, Gordon Cooke, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson, Joseph P. Byrne

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No abstract provided.

Booktalk: The Cult Of The Constitution, Mary Anne Franks

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No abstract provided.

Climate-Induced Human Displacement And Conservation Lands, Jessica Owley

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As climate change leads to both internal displacement and mass migrations, we need not only new places for people to live but also new locations for infrastructure projects and other public needs. Some of the most attractive areas for these new land uses are currently unoccupied land, including land set aside for conservation. Numerous laws restrict the availability and possible uses of public conservation land. Individual agreements and property restrictions encumber private conservation land, varying in the ease with which the restrictions can be modified. For example, privately protected areas in the United States are often encumbered with perpetual conservation …

Government Speech And First Amendment Capture, Caroline Mala Corbin

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Alarm regarding government speech is not new. In earlier decades, scholars worried that the government's speech might monopolize a marketplace and drown out opposing viewpoints. But today, using a move I term "First Amendment capture," the government need not be the loudest speaker because it can become the only speaker. First Amendment capture has been made possible by the Supreme Court's developing government speech doctrine, which holds that government speech is not subject to the Free Speech Clause. Consequently, once speech is declared governmental, the government may censor viewpoints it does not like. First Amendment capture categorizing contested speech as …

Restorative Approaches To Intimate Partner Violence And Sexual Harm, Donna Coker (Ed.)

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No abstract provided.

Counterterrorism 2.0, Deborah Pearlstein

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Are there any lessons to be gleaned for combatting the rising threat of white nationalist terrorism today from the U.S. response to the attacks of 9/11 twenty years on? This symposium reflection suggests that among the most important lessons may be in avoiding the conceptually defining characteristics of the early U.S. response in 2001. Detainee torture and abuse, the embrace of trial by newly formed military commission, and other misguided policies and practices whose effects are still felt today were set in motion in the first few weeks after the attacks, driven by the instinct to do something, bolstered by …

Substance Use Disorder Discrimination And The Cares Act: Using Disability Law To Inform Part 2 Rulemaking, Kelly K. Dineen, Elizabeth Pendo

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic health condition—like people with other chronic health conditions, people with SUDs experience periods of remission and periods of exacerbation or recurrence. Unlike people with most other chronic conditions, people with SUDs may be more likely to garner law enforcement attention than medical attention during a recurrence. They are also chronically disadvantaged by pervasive social stigma, discrimination, and structural inequities. The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating consequences for people with SUDs, who are at higher risk for both contracting the SARS-CoV-19 virus and experiencing poorer outcomes. Meanwhile, there are early indications that pandemic conditions …

Beyond Bail, Jenny E. Carroll

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From the proliferation of community bail funds to the implementation of new risk assessment tools to the limitation and even eradication of monetary bail, reform movements have altered the landscape of pretrial detention. Yet, reform movements have paid little attention to the emerging reality of a post-monetary-bail world. With monetary bail an unavailable or disfavored option, courts have come to rely increasingly on nonmonetary conditions of release. These nonmonetary conditions can be problematic for many of the same reasons that monetary bail is problematic and can inject additional bias into the pretrial system.

In theory, nonmonetary conditions offer increased opportunities …

The Emerging Lessons Of Trump V. Hawaii, Shalini Ray

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In the years since the Supreme Court decided Trump v. Hawaii, federal district courts have adjudicated dozens of rights-based challenges to executive action in immigration law. Plaintiffs, including U.S. citizens, civil rights organizations, and immigrants themselves, have alleged violations of the First Amendment and the equal protection component of the Due Process Clause with some regularity based on President Trump's animus toward immigrants. This Article assesses Hawaii's impact on these challenges to immigration policy, and it offers two observations. First, Hawaii has amplified federal courts' practice of privileging administrative law claims over constitutional ones. For example, courts considering separate challenges …

Cannabis Banking: What Marijuana Can Learn From Hemp, Julie A. Hill

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Marijuana-related businesses have banking problems. Many banks explain that, because marijuana is illegal under federal law, they will not serve the industry. Even when marijuana-related businesses can open bank accounts, they still have trouble accepting credit cards and getting loans. Some hope to fix marijuana's banking problems with changes to federal law. Proposals range from broad reforms removing marijuana from the list of controlled substances to narrower legislation prohibiting banking regulators from punishing banks that serve the marijuana industry. But would these proposals solve marijuana's banking problems?

In 2018, Congress legalized another variant of the Cannabis plant species: hemp. Prior …