Entire DC Network | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

A Frontier Justinian: An Introduction To The Life And Writings Of Harry Toulmin, Territorial Judge Of Mississippi And Alabama Legal History, Paul M. Pruitt Jr.

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Four Observations About Hate Speech Articles & Essays, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic

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No abstract provided.

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Regular Second Order Perturbations Of Binary Black Holes: The Extreme Mass Ratio Regime, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

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In order to derive the precise gravitational waveforms for extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRI), we develop a formulation for the second order metric perturbations produced by a point particle moving in the Schwarzschild spacetime. The second order waveforms satisfy a wave equation with an effective source build up from products of the first order perturbations and its derivatives. We have explicitly regularized this source at the horizon and at spatial infinity. We show that the effective source does not contain squares of the Dirac’s delta and that perturbations are regular at the particle location. We introduce an asymptotically flat gauge …

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The Pluralistic Universe Of Law Towards A Neo-Classical Legal Pragmatism, Susan Haack

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After a brief sketch of the history of philosophical pragmatism generally, and of legal pragmatism specifically (section 1), this paper develops a new, neo-classical legal pragmatism: a theory of law drawing in part on Holmes, but also on ideas from the classical pragmatist tradition in philosophy. Main themes are the "pluralistic universe" of law (section 2); the evolution of legal systems (section 3); the place of logic in the law (section 4); and the relation of law and morality (section 5).

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Hedonic Adaptation And The Settlement Of Civil Lawsuits, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco

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This Essay examines the burgeoning psychological literature on happiness and hedonic adaptation (a person's capacity to preserve or recapture her level of happiness by adjusting to changed circumstances), bringing this literature to bear on the probability of pretrial settlement in civil litigation. The existing economic and behavioral models of settlement are incomplete because they do not incorporate the effect of adaptation on the sum for which a plaintiff is willing to accept an offer. When an individual first suffers a serious injury, she will likely predict that the injury will greatly diminish her future happiness. However, during the time that …

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Hand-Held Flyback Driven Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Development And Characterization, Victor J. Law, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Neil O’Connor, James F. Lalor, Steven Daniels

Articles

The development of a handheld single and triple chamber atmospheric pressure coaxial dielectric barrier discharge driven by Flyback circuitry for helium and argon discharges is described. The Flyback uses external metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor power switching technology and the transformer operates in the continuous current mode to convert a continuous dc power of 10–33 W to generate a 1.2–1.6 kV 3.5 μs pulse. An argon discharge breakdown voltage of ∼768 V is measured. With a 50 kHz, pulse repetition rate and an argon flow rate of 0.5–10 argon slm (slm denotes standard liters per minute), the electrical power density deposited in …

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Three-Body Equations Of Motion In Successive Post-Newtonian Approximations, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

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There are periodic solutions to the equal-mass three-body (and N-body) problem in Newtonian gravity. The figure-eight solution is one of them. In this paper, we discuss its solution in the first and second post-Newtonian approximations to General Relativity. To do so we derive the canonical equations of motion in the ADM gauge from the three-body Hamiltonian. We then integrate those equations numerically, showing that quantities such as the energy, linear and angular momenta are conserved down to numerical error. We also study the scaling of the initial parameters with the physical size of the triple system. In this way we …

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A Web-Based And Mobile Environmental Management System, James Carswell, Keith Gardiner, Michela Bertolotto, Andrea Rizzini, A Mandrak

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This paper describes a Web-based and mobile system specifically developed to monitor fish species at risk. Such a system integrates spatial functionality to allow users not only to visualise maps and metadata of the area of concern but also to perform context-aware queries and updating of spatial datasets. The spatial datasets are provided by the Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) and the prototype is customised to the specific needs of the Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (GLLFAS) Fish Habitat Section requirements for fish species at risk assessment. Currently, researchers, habitat biologists and enforcement officers have …

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Environmental Limits On The Nonresonant Cosmic-Ray Current-Driven Instability, Brian Reville, John Kirk, Peter Duffy, Stephen O'Sullivan

Articles

We investigate the so-called nonresonant cosmic-ray streaming instability, first discussed by Bell (2004). The extent to which thermal damping and ion-neutral collisions reduce the growth of this instability is calculated. Limits on the growth of the nonresonant mode in SN1006 and RX J1713.7-3946 are presented.

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Some Rather Mechanical Reflections On Symmetry: In Art, Science, Engineering, Mathematics, Etc., Jim Mcgovern

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This Inaugural Lecture consists of some of my rather mechanical, being an engineer, reflections on symmetry in diverse areas such as art, science, engineering, mathematics, etc. I explain what symmetry is to me, giving examples with lots of images and mentioning or at least barely referencing art, science, architecture, engineering, heritage, cosmology, bicycles, flight, invention, ingenuity, history, wallpaper, mathematics, typography, structures, regular shapes, coordinate systems, spacetime, thermodynamics and suchlike.

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Correlation Of Vibrational Intensity With Fluorescence Lifetimes In Π Conjugated Polymers, Luke O'Neill, Patrick Lynch, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne

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A series of novel pi (p) conjugated polymers, originating from the archetypical Polyphenylene vinylene, in which the phenyl units are successively replaced by the larger naphthyl and anthryl acene units, were previously found to have a well-defined relationship between their relative fluorescence yields and their vibrational characteristics, as determined by Raman spectroscopy. In this study the Strickler–Berg equation is used to probe the influence of continual substitution of higher order acene units into the conjugated backbone in terms of the variation of the radiative and non-radiative rates. The deconvolution of the radiative and non-radiative rates enables the correlation of the …

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Extra-Large Remnant Recoil Velocities And Spins From Near-Extremal-Bowen-York-Spin Black-Hole Binaries, Sergio Dain, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Articles

We evolve equal-mass, equal-spin black-hole binaries with specific spins of a/mH 0.925, the highest spins simulated thus far and nearly the largest possible for Bowen-York black holes, in a set of configurations with the spins counter-aligned and pointing in the orbital plane, which maximizes the recoil velocities of the merger remnant, as well as a configuration where the two spins point in the same direction as the orbital angular momentum, which maximizes the orbital hang-up effect and remnant spin. The coordinate radii of the individual apparent horizons in these cases are very small and the simulations require very high central …

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A Measurement Of The Rate Of Type Ia Supernovae At Redshift Z ≈ 0.1 From The First Season Of The Sdss-Ii Supernova Survey, Benjamin Dilday, Richard Kessler, Joshua Frieman, Michael W. Richmond, Et Al.

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We present a measurement of the rate of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the first of three seasons of data from the SDSS-II Supernova Survey. For this measurement, we include 17 SNe Ia at redshift z ≤ 0.12. Assuming a flat cosmology with m = 0.3 = 1 − , we find a volumetric SN Ia rate of [2.93+0.17 −0.04(systematic)+0.90 −0.71(statistical)]×10−5 SNe Mpc−3 h3 70 year−1, at a volumeweighted mean redshift of 0.09. This result is consistent with previous measurements of the SN Ia rate in a similar redshift range. The systematic errors are well controlled, resulting in the …

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Stationary Rotating Strings As Relativistic Particle Mechanics, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano, Shinya Saito

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Stationary rotating strings can be viewed as geodesic motions in appropriate metrics on a two dimensional space. We obtain all solutions describing stationary rotating strings in flat space time strings have infinite length with various wiggly shapes. Averaged value of the string energy, the angular momentum and the linear momentum along the string are discussed.

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The Production Of High-Quality Video For E-Learning, Eugene Mcgovern, Audrey Martin, Roy Moore

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As video capture, editing and transmission capabilities become more accessible, video is increasingly being considered when developing e-learning content. However, the skills required for video production are not commonly part of many e-learning developers backgrounds. This paper presents the experiences of academics from the spatial information sciences when developing high quality video content for an on-line e-learning module in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Video comprises one element of the module and is designed to, as far as possible, address the lack of ‘hands-on’ experience of GNSS equipment and observing procedures. The video element of the module was used by …

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Force Measurement Methods In Telerobotic Surgery: Implications For End-Effector Manufacture, Dean Callaghan, Mark Mcgrath, Eugene Coyle

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Haptic feedback in telesurgical applications refers to the relaying of position and force information from a remote surgical site to the surgeon in real-time during a surgical procedure. This feedback, coupled with visual information via microscopic cameras, has the potential to provide the surgeon with additional ‘feel’ for the manipulations being performed at the instrument-biological tissue interface. This increased sensitivity has many associated benefits which include, but are not limited to; minimal tissue damage, reduced recuperation periods, and less patient trauma. The inclusion of haptic feedback leads to reduction in surgeon fatigue which contributes to enhanced performance during operation. Commercially …

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Assessing The Effect Of Product Variability On The Management Of The Quality Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus), Catherine Barry-Ryan, Jesus Maria Frias, Leixuri Aguirre, Helen Grogan

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To study the shelf-life of mushrooms, over 25 batches were subjected to three storage temperatures (T) (5, 15 and 25 ◦ C) and three storage relative humidity (RH) levels (70, 80 and 90%). The effect of T and the RH on the kinetics of quality attributes of the batches was studied by measuring water activity, turgor, colour (L, a* and b* in the Hunter Scale) and weight loss of three different tissues (cap, gills and stipe) of the mushroom. Linear mixed effect models, comprising polynomial models to describe quality kinetics and allowing for batch-to-batch and inside-batch nested variabilitystructure, were built. …

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A Force Measurement Evaluation Tool For Telerobotic Cutting Applications: Development Of An Effective Characterization Platform, Dean Callaghan, Mark Mcgrath, Eugene Coyle

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Sensorized instruments that accurately measure the interaction forces (between biological tissue and instrument endeffector) during surgical procedures offer surgeons a greater sense of immersion during minimally invasive robotic surgery. Although there is ongoing research into force measurement involving surgical graspers little corresponding effort has been carried out on the measurement of forces between scissor blades and tissue. This paper presents the design and development of a force measurement test apparatus, which will serve as a sensor characterization and evaluation platform. The primary aim of the experiments is to ascertain whether the system can differentiate between tissue samples with differing mechanical …

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A New Method To Integrate (2+1)-Wave Equations With Dirac’S Delta Functions As Sources, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

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Unlike in the Schwarzschild black hole background, gravitational perturbations in a Kerr black hole background can not be decomposed into simple tensor harmonics in the time domain. Here, we make mode decompositions only in the azimuthal direction. As a first step, we discuss the resulting (2+1)-dimensional Klein-Gordon differential equation for scalar perturbations with a two dimensional Dirac’s -function as a source representing a point particle orbiting a much larger black hole. To make this equation amenable for numerical integrations we explicitly remove analytically the singular behavior of the source and compute a global, well behaved, effective source for the corresponding …

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Working Report On The Status Quo Of Nanomaterials Impact On Health And Environment, Harald Krug, Margarita Apostolova, Marite Arija Bake, Gordon Chambers, Horia Chiriac, Eva Herzog, Victoria Hand, Jürgen Höck, Peter Hoet, Nicoleta Lupu, Declan Mccormack, Maja Remskar, George Robillard, Jamila Smisterova, Jan Stetkiewicz, Speranta Tanasescu, Aris Tsatsakis, David Vaughn, Peter Wick, Jörg Wörle-Knirsch

Articles

Nanotechnology is regarded as one of the key technologies of the future and associated with high expectations by politics, science and economy. Artificially produced nanosized particles and nanoscale system components have new properties which are of importance for the development of new products and applications. Such new properties of materials and substances result from the special properties of surfaces and interfaces and in part, from the geometric shape of the material. In theory nanoparticles (NPs) can be produced from nearly any chemical; however, most NPs that are currently in use today have been made from transition metals, silicon, carbon (single-walled …

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Implementation Of Standard Testbeds For Numerical Relativity, M. C. Babiuc, S. Husa, D. Alic, I. Hinder, C. Lechner, E. Schnetter, B. Szilágyi, Yosef Zlochower, N. Dorband, D. Pollney

Articles

We discuss results that have been obtained from the implementation of the initial round of testbeds for numerical relativity which was proposed in the first paper of the Apples with Apples Alliance. We present benchmark results for various codes which provide templates for analyzing the testbeds and to draw conclusions about various features of the codes. This allows us to sharpen the initial test specifications, design a new test and add theoretical insight.

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Implementing Few-Body Algorithmic Regularization With Post-Newtonian Terms, Seppo Mikkola, David Merritt

Articles

We discuss the implementation of a new regular algorithm for simulation of the gravitational few-body problem. The algorithm uses components from earlier methods, including the chain structure, the logarithmic Hamiltonian, and the time-transformed leapfrog. The code can be used for the normal N-body problem, as well as for problems with softened potentials and/or with velocity-dependent external perturbations, including post-Newtonian terms, which we include up to order PN2.5. Arbitarily extreme mass ratios are allowed. Coordinate transformations are not used and thus the algorithm is somewhat simpler than many earlier regularized schemes. We present the results of performance tests, then use our …

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High-Power Low-Frequency Ultrasound: A Review Of Tissue Dissection And Ablation In Medicine And Surgery, Brendan O'Daly, Edmund Morris, Graham Gavin, John O'Byrne, Garrett Mcguinness

Articles

High-power low-frequency ultrasound in the range 20–60 kHz has wide ranging clinical applications in surgical and medical instruments for biological tissue cutting, ablation or fragmentation, and removal. Despite widespread clinical application and common device operating characteristics, there is an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of tissue failure, removal and damage. The relative contribution of cavitation, direct mechanical impact and thermal effects to each process for specific tissue types remains unclear. Different and distinct mechanisms and rates of tissue removal are observed for interaction with soft and hard tissue types. Device operating parameters known to affect the interaction include frequency, peak–peak …

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Close Encounters Of Three Black Holes, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Articles

We present the first fully relativistic longterm numerical evolutions of three equal-mass black holes in a system consisting of a third black hole in a close orbit about a black-hole binary. We find that these close-three-black-hole systems have very different merger dynamics from black-hole binaries. In particular, we see complex trajectories, a redistribution of energy that can impart substantial kicks to one of the holes, distinctive waveforms, and suppression of the emitted gravitational radiation. We evolve two such configurations and find very different behaviors. In one configuration the binary is quickly disrupted and the individual holes follow complicated trajectories and …

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Impact Of Channel Errors On Decentralized Detection Performance Of Wireless Sensor Networks: A Study Of Binary Modulations, Rayleigh-Fading And Nonfading Channels, And Fusion-Combiners, Venkateshwara R. Kanchumarthy, Ramanarayanan Viswanathan, Madhulika Madishetty

Articles

We provide new results on the performance of wireless sensor networks in which a number of identical sensor nodes transmit their binary decisions, regarding a binary hypothesis, to a fusion center (FC) by means of a modulation scheme. Each link between a sensor and the fusion center is modeled independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) either as slow Rayleigh-fading or as nonfading. The FC employs a counting rule (CR) or another combining scheme to make a final decision. Main results obtained are the following: 1) in slow fading, a) the correctness of using an average bit error rate of a link, …

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The Transport Of Cosmic Rays In Self‐Excited Magnetic Turbulence, Brian Reville, Stephen O'Sullivan, Peter Duffy, John Kirk

Articles

The process of diffusive shock acceleration relies on the efficacy with which hydromagnetic waves can scatter charged particles in the precursor of a shock. The growth of self-generated waves is driven by both resonant and non-resonant processes. We perform high-resolution magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the non-resonant cosmic ray driven instability, in which the unstable waves are excited beyond the linear regime. In a snapshot of the resultant field, particle transport simulations are carried out. The use of a static snapshot of the field is reasonable given that the Larmor period for particles is typically very short relative to the instability growth …

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The Interface Between Academic Knowledge And Working Knowledge: Implications For Curriculum Design And Pedagogic Practice, Anne Murphy

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This paper considers some aspects of the theory and practice of work-based learning (WBL) that may be of interest to academic staff in higher education who have responsibility for negotiating, designing, delivering and assessing programmes for, and with, Irish workplaces, companies, organisations and sectors of the workforce. The paper does not claim to be breaking significant new ground: rather it is trying to connect aspects of the field to inform underpinning of WBL curriculum design and related pedagogic practice as the start of a conversation rather than the last word.

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Recent Applications Of Chemical Imaging To Pharmaceutical Process Monitoring And Quality Control, A. A. Gowen, Colm O'Donnell, Patrick J. Cullen, S. Bell

Articles

Chemical Imaging (CI) is an emerging platform technology that integrates conventional imaging and spectroscopy to attain both spatial and spectral information from an object. Vibrational spectroscopic methods, such as Near Infrared (NIR) and Raman spectroscopy, combined with imaging are particularly useful for analysis of biological/pharmaceutical forms. The rapid, non-destructive and non-invasive features of CI mark its potential suitability as a process analytical tool for the pharmaceutical industry, for both process monitoring and quality control in the many stages of drug production. This paper provides an overview of CI principles, instrumentation and analysis. Recent applications of Raman and NIR-CI to pharmaceutical …

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Real-Time Plasma Controlled Chemistry In A Two-Frequency, Confined Plasma Etcher, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Albert R. Ellingboe, Cezar Gaman, John V. Ringwood

Articles

The physics issues of developing model-based control of plasma etching are presented. A novel methodology for incorporating real-time model-based control of plasma processing systems is developed. The methodology is developed for control of two dependent variables (ion flux and chemical densities) by two independent controls (27 MHz power and O2flow). A phenomenological physics model of the nonlinear coupling between the independent controls and the dependent variables of the plasma is presented. By using a design of experiment, the functional dependencies of the response surface are determined. In conjunction with the physical model, the dependencies are used to deconvolve the sensor …

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Resolving Conflict In Non-Ideal, Complex Systems: Solutions For The Law-Science Breakdown In Environmental And Natural Resource Law, Barbara Cosens

Articles

In 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court decided a consolidated case concerning the scope of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' jurisdiction to require permits for dredge and fill of wetlands under section 404 of the Clean Water Act, issuing a plurality, two concurrences, and two dissents. Each opinion has a solid legal foundation, yet none truly makes sense if the science of the resource in question is considered. The opinions in Rapanos v. United States illuminate the struggle at the law-science interface. The problem is not due to either a failure in legal reasoning or a failure in scientific methodology …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

A Frontier Justinian: An Introduction To The Life And Writings Of Harry Toulmin, Territorial Judge Of Mississippi And Alabama Legal History, Paul M. Pruitt Jr.

Articles

Four Observations About Hate Speech Articles & Essays, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic

Articles

Regular Second Order Perturbations Of Binary Black Holes: The Extreme Mass Ratio Regime, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

Articles

The Pluralistic Universe Of Law Towards A Neo-Classical Legal Pragmatism, Susan Haack

Articles

Hedonic Adaptation And The Settlement Of Civil Lawsuits, Jonathan Masur, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco

Articles

Hand-Held Flyback Driven Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Development And Characterization, Victor J. Law, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Neil O’Connor, James F. Lalor, Steven Daniels

Articles

Three-Body Equations Of Motion In Successive Post-Newtonian Approximations, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

Articles

A Web-Based And Mobile Environmental Management System, James Carswell, Keith Gardiner, Michela Bertolotto, Andrea Rizzini, A Mandrak

Articles

Environmental Limits On The Nonresonant Cosmic-Ray Current-Driven Instability, Brian Reville, John Kirk, Peter Duffy, Stephen O'Sullivan

Articles

Some Rather Mechanical Reflections On Symmetry: In Art, Science, Engineering, Mathematics, Etc., Jim Mcgovern

Articles

Correlation Of Vibrational Intensity With Fluorescence Lifetimes In Π Conjugated Polymers, Luke O'Neill, Patrick Lynch, Mary Mcnamara, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Extra-Large Remnant Recoil Velocities And Spins From Near-Extremal-Bowen-York-Spin Black-Hole Binaries, Sergio Dain, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Articles

A Measurement Of The Rate Of Type Ia Supernovae At Redshift Z ≈ 0.1 From The First Season Of The Sdss-Ii Supernova Survey, Benjamin Dilday, Richard Kessler, Joshua Frieman, Michael W. Richmond, Et Al.

Articles

Stationary Rotating Strings As Relativistic Particle Mechanics, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano, Shinya Saito

Articles

The Production Of High-Quality Video For E-Learning, Eugene Mcgovern, Audrey Martin, Roy Moore

Articles

Force Measurement Methods In Telerobotic Surgery: Implications For End-Effector Manufacture, Dean Callaghan, Mark Mcgrath, Eugene Coyle

Articles

Assessing The Effect Of Product Variability On The Management Of The Quality Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus), Catherine Barry-Ryan, Jesus Maria Frias, Leixuri Aguirre, Helen Grogan

Articles

A Force Measurement Evaluation Tool For Telerobotic Cutting Applications: Development Of An Effective Characterization Platform, Dean Callaghan, Mark Mcgrath, Eugene Coyle

Articles

A New Method To Integrate (2+1)-Wave Equations With Dirac’S Delta Functions As Sources, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano

Articles

Articles

Implementation Of Standard Testbeds For Numerical Relativity, M. C. Babiuc, S. Husa, D. Alic, I. Hinder, C. Lechner, E. Schnetter, B. Szilágyi, Yosef Zlochower, N. Dorband, D. Pollney

Articles

Implementing Few-Body Algorithmic Regularization With Post-Newtonian Terms, Seppo Mikkola, David Merritt

Articles

High-Power Low-Frequency Ultrasound: A Review Of Tissue Dissection And Ablation In Medicine And Surgery, Brendan O'Daly, Edmund Morris, Graham Gavin, John O'Byrne, Garrett Mcguinness

Articles

Close Encounters Of Three Black Holes, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Articles

Impact Of Channel Errors On Decentralized Detection Performance Of Wireless Sensor Networks: A Study Of Binary Modulations, Rayleigh-Fading And Nonfading Channels, And Fusion-Combiners, Venkateshwara R. Kanchumarthy, Ramanarayanan Viswanathan, Madhulika Madishetty

Articles

The Transport Of Cosmic Rays In Self‐Excited Magnetic Turbulence, Brian Reville, Stephen O'Sullivan, Peter Duffy, John Kirk

Articles

The Interface Between Academic Knowledge And Working Knowledge: Implications For Curriculum Design And Pedagogic Practice, Anne Murphy

Articles

Recent Applications Of Chemical Imaging To Pharmaceutical Process Monitoring And Quality Control, A. A. Gowen, Colm O'Donnell, Patrick J. Cullen, S. Bell

Articles

Real-Time Plasma Controlled Chemistry In A Two-Frequency, Confined Plasma Etcher, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Albert R. Ellingboe, Cezar Gaman, John V. Ringwood

Articles

Resolving Conflict In Non-Ideal, Complex Systems: Solutions For The Law-Science Breakdown In Environmental And Natural Resource Law, Barbara Cosens

Articles