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Articles 3721 - 3750 of 3914
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
International Recognition And The National Courts, Edwin D. Dickinson
International Recognition And The National Courts, Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
The extending of international recognition to a new government or a new state is a political function which belongs exclusively to the political departments of government. It follows that whenever the question of recognition or not is really involved in litigation the court should inform itself, as to the course pursued by the appropriate political department and decide accordingly. This much, if it ever needed to be settled, may now be regarded as settled beyond peradventure.
An Inquiry Concerning The Functions Of Procedure In Legal Education, Edson R. Sunderland
An Inquiry Concerning The Functions Of Procedure In Legal Education, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
Procedure has always been the bete noire of the law school teacher. No other subject has developed such divergent opinions or such endless debates. None recurs with such periodic frequency and in no field of legal pedagogy has discussion seemed so barren of results. Three different general sessions of the Association of American Law Schools during the last ten years have been devoted largely or wholly to the subject of teaching procedure, and yet no substantial progress seems to have been made toward a standardized scheme of treatment. Individual teachers and schools have their individual views and policies, and they …
Perpetuity Statutes, Edwin C. Goddard
Perpetuity Statutes, Edwin C. Goddard
Articles
THE common law of perpetuities is one of the most interesting examples of almost pure judicial legislation. De Donis, The Statutes of Uses and of Wills, but gave wider scope to the development by the courts of rules of law to thwart the attempt of the great landowners to tie up their landed estates in their families in perpetuity. One body of rules to this end limited restraints upon alienation, another the creation of future interests vesting at too remote a period. Restriction of restraints upon alienation, and the rule against perpetuities, these two were developed for the same end, …
Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law (Part 2), Edwin D. Dickinson
Unrecognized Government Or State In English And American Law (Part 2), Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
PROBABLY no one in the British Empire or the United States would question the doctrine that it belongs exclusively to the political departments to recognize new governments or states. The difficulties involved are those which arise in the application of a doctrine so broadly stated. Not every situation involving an unrecognized government or state requires the decision of a question of recognition. If the decision of a political question is not involved, then it is entirely proper for the courts to take cognizance of a mere de facto government or state. In what situations may the courts appropriately take account …
Legislation In Vague Or General Terms, Ralph W. Aigler
Legislation In Vague Or General Terms, Ralph W. Aigler
Articles
FOR some reason, probably in part the increasing complexity of our life and relationships, but more largely, perhaps, the growing tendency to regulate everybody and everything by positive law, the courts have been called upon with increasing frequency to pass upon the effectiveness of statutes and ordinances phrased in indefinite terms. In a very interesting and valuable paper, Professor Freund has pointed out the weakness and strength, on the one hand, of legislation in general terms, and on the other hand, legislation in which the rule of conduct is attempted to be laid down with precision. His interest apparently lay …
Les Gouvernements Ou États Non Reconnus En Droit Anglais Et Américain, Edwin D. Dickinson
Les Gouvernements Ou États Non Reconnus En Droit Anglais Et Américain, Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
Professor Dickinson tackles the subject of non-recognition of governments or states in English and American law: "Pour conclure, voici les propositions de l'auteur. La reconnaissance d'un Gouvernement or Etat etranger est exclusivement une question politique. L'existence d'un Gouvernement ou Etat etranger est exclusivement une question de fait.... C'est une chose deja grave que de voir d'une menace dans les conflits diplomatiques..."
Landowner's Duty To Strangers On His Premises - As Developed In The Iowa Decisions, Herbert F. Goodrich
Landowner's Duty To Strangers On His Premises - As Developed In The Iowa Decisions, Herbert F. Goodrich
Articles
It is one thing to know a general rule of common law. It is another to know the application of the general rule, its variations and-exceptions, in a particular state. Both are important. Without the first, the lawyer becomes the mere tradesman. Worse than that for him, he is often helpless, for with all the gray mule and spotted cow cases to which a benevolent digester directs him he does not sense the legally significant facts so that he can recognize an authority when he sees it. Without the second, even the lawyer with a grasp of fundamentals is at …
Foreign Marriages And The Conflict Of Laws, Herbert F. Goodrich
Foreign Marriages And The Conflict Of Laws, Herbert F. Goodrich
Articles
With the purely local phases of the law governing the relation of husband and wife, Conflict of Laws has no concern. Nor do we deal with Public International Law problems, such as the question of expatriation by marriage. We are concerned with two questions: first, what law governs the creation of the marriage relation; and second, the recognition and protection to be given the relation and incidents arising therefrom, under the law of states other than that in which the relationship was created.
Legal Education And Admission To The Bar, Henry M. Bates
Legal Education And Admission To The Bar, Henry M. Bates
Articles
From Conclusions: "We cannot close this report with some general remarks concerning standards of admission to the bar. An examination of the Proceedings of the American and the various state bar associations during the last few years will show a constant expression of dissatisfaction with the comparatively low standards for admission which prevail ..."
Mutuality In Specific Performance, Edgar N. Durfee
Mutuality In Specific Performance, Edgar N. Durfee
Articles
Prior to the present century, the subject of mutuality in specific performance was an unsolved puzzle. The decisions of the courts were in the main wise, but the attempts both of courts and text writers to formulate a statement of the principle governing these decisions were far from happy. After two centuries of litigation and discussion, the current formula was that the remedy must be mutual, must be equally available to both parties. The worst fault of this formula was its plausibility. Equality is equity, and perfect equality between the parties to a contract is not attained unless remedies are …
The Rule Of Law And The Legal Right, Joseph H. Drake
The Rule Of Law And The Legal Right, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
IT IS a common experience with a teacher of law to find in every department of the subject a number of hard knots that have resisted all the efforts of the courts and jurists to split them. These usually take the form of a hopeless contrariety of decisions, or of decisions which are impeccable in their logic but offend against what we usually speak of as a sense of natural justice. It is customary for us to dismiss these with a statement that the majority of decisions or the weight of authority favors the one conclusion or the other, and …
Use Of Indefinite Terms In Statutes, Ernst Freund
Free Speech In War Time, James Parker Hall
Declaratory Judgments, Ralph W. Aigler
Declaratory Judgments, Ralph W. Aigler
Articles
The Declaratory Judgments Act of Michigan (Act No. 150, P. A. 1919) provided as follows: (Sec. 1) "No action or proceeding in any court of record shall be open to objection on the ground that a merely declaratory judgment, decree or order is sought thereby, and the court may make binding declarations of rights whether any consequential relief is or could be claimed, or not, including the determination, at the instance of anyone claiming to be interested under a deed, will or other written instrument, of any question of construction arising under the instrument and a declaration of the rights …
Public Policy And Personal Opinion, John B. Waite
Public Policy And Personal Opinion, John B. Waite
Articles
THE real relation of economics to law, only recently acquiring positive recognition, is illuminated by the varying decisions in regard to attempted restrictions on the enjoyment of personal property.
Bringing Third Parties Into Actions At Law—Set-Off Against The Assignor, Edson R. Sunderland
Bringing Third Parties Into Actions At Law—Set-Off Against The Assignor, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
It frequently happens, in an action by an assignee, that the defendant wishes to use as a cross-action a claim against the assignor. This results in no diffiulty unless the amount of the set-off against the assignor is greater than the claim of the plaintiff, or unless the cross-action calls for a specific remedy against the assigner in addition to its defensive effect upon the plaintiff's demand. In each of these cases we have a three-sided controversy. In the first, the set-off operates against the plaintiff to the extent of his claim and against the assignor for the balance. In …
Declaratory Judgments, Edson R. Sunderland
Declaratory Judgments, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
The widespread interest in this new form of remedial instrument, which was somewhat dashed by the recent decision of the Michigan Supreme Court in Anway v. Grand Rapids Ry. Co. (1920), 211 Mich. 59, holding declaritoty relief to be non-judicial and outside the constitutional power of courts (19 MICH. LAW REV. 86), has been revived by the action of the legislature of Kansas in enacting a declaratory judgment statute almost identical with the Michigan act. This was done with full knowledge of the decision in the Anway case, and inasmuch as it is well known that some of the judges …
The Constitution And Nationalism, Henry M. Bates
The Constitution And Nationalism, Henry M. Bates
Articles
Dean Bates comments on the alarming trend of nationalism in America: "Blind indeed must he be who supposes that our legal and political institutions can escape profound modification by those great changes in commercial, industrial, political and social conditions which, in part, were caused by the world war, but were greatly intensified by it.... No intelligent person, who has any knowledge of history and of the protection which local government has always given to human freedom, can fail to feel a deep and at times shuddering sense of apprehension at the rapidity with which we are massing our governmental power …
Joinder Of Actions, Edson R. Sunderland
Joinder Of Actions, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
There is a further striking failure which must be charged to the legal profession in America, which grows out of the one just noted, and that is its ignorance of and indifference to improvements in procedural practice developed in other jurisdictions. It is safe to say that if a new method of treating cancer were discovered and successfully employed in England; every intelligent doctor in the world would almost immediately know about it and attempt to take advantage of it. But it is equally safe to say that if a new and successful method of treating some procedural problem were …
The Execution Of Peace With Germany: An Experiment In International Organization, Edwin D. Dickinson
The Execution Of Peace With Germany: An Experiment In International Organization, Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
IN one respect, at least, the Peace of Versailles is unlike any of the great European settlements of earlier date. The provisions included to ensure the execution of its terms are vastly more ambitious in scope and more elaborate in detail than anything of the kind contained in earlier treaties. There is an extraordinary emphasis upon organization for the enforcement of peace.
Three Suggestions Concerning Future Interests, Ernst Freund
Three Suggestions Concerning Future Interests, Ernst Freund
Articles
No abstract provided.
International Recognition And The National Courts, Edwin D. Dickinson
International Recognition And The National Courts, Edwin D. Dickinson
Articles
In the law of nations everything depends upon recognition. A newly organized state may possess all the requisites of de facto existence, but it can gain admission to the community of international law only as it is recognized by other states. Even after it has been admitted to the international community it may be virtually outlawed by the refusal of other states to recognize a change in its government. It is through recognition and recognition alone that a de facto state becomes and continues an international person and a subject of international law.
Willard Titus Barbour, Ralph W. Aigler
Willard Titus Barbour, Ralph W. Aigler
Articles
Legal scholarship in America suffered a grievous loss in the death of Willard T. Barbour, Charles F. Southmayd Professor of Law in the Yale Law School on March 2, 1920. Indeed it is not too much to say that his loss will be felt wherever the English Common Law holds its sway, for he had dipped deep into the obscured origins of Equity Jurisdiction during his study at Oxford and in London, and was but at the beginning of a series of studies and lectures which would ultimately have developed into a comprehensive book, throwing light not only upon the …
Deeds Delivered Conditionally To The Grantee, Ralph W. Aigler
Deeds Delivered Conditionally To The Grantee, Ralph W. Aigler
Articles
Generally courts have shown a commendable disposition to get away from the formalism, which in the past played such a large part in determination of questions of delivery. While the actual tradition of the instrument to the grantee or to someone on his behalf, on the one hand, or its retention in the hands of the maker, on the other, is still very important evidentially, such facts are not by any means controlling. Thus it is entirely possible for a deed to be delivered though it never has been out of the grantor's hands; likewise a deed may be undelivered …
The Courts As Authorized Legal Advisors Of The People, Edson R. Sunderland
The Courts As Authorized Legal Advisors Of The People, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
It is doubtful whether American legal institutions have witnessed a more far-reaching procedural reform since New York adopted its Code of Civil Procedure in 1848, than the movement toward the authorization of judicial declarations of rights which has received its chief impetus from legislation enacted in three American States during the past year. A somewhat timid step in this direction was taken by the New Jersey Chancery Practice Act of 1915, but it disclosed a want of confidence in the broad effectiveness of the remedy. Now for the first time American legislation has definitely committed itself to the principle that …
Attorney's Lien For Services - Set-Off Of Judgments, Edson R. Sunderland
Attorney's Lien For Services - Set-Off Of Judgments, Edson R. Sunderland
Articles
Anglo-Saxon judges, as members of the legal profession, have shown an admirable freedom from professional bias and class selfishness in dealing with questions involving the rights and privileges of members of their profession. With every opportunity offered for treating lawyers as a favored class, they have been able to maintain a detached and objective attitude toward them. Indeed, the courts seem to have preferred to be charged with excessive severity in dealing with their brethren of the bar rather than give the slightest ground for suspicion that they were capitalizing their power in the interest of the legal fraternity.
Jurisprudence And The Study Of Cases, Joseph H. Drake
Jurisprudence And The Study Of Cases, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
Following the suggestion of our Chairman, we have apparently agreed to assume that under the theme of jurisprudence we are to include all of the abstract, nonutilitarian subjects bearing upon the subject of law. Whether we call it a historical science, a science of sciences, or a philosophy, we all believe that it Is a valuable body of rapidly increasing knowledge, and our purpose now is to determine the methodological question as to how it can be made available for our undergraduate students in the law school.
Epithetical Jurisprudence And The Annexation Of Fixtures, Joseph H. Drake
Epithetical Jurisprudence And The Annexation Of Fixtures, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
If we begin with all the facts of a controversy and proceed inductively to determine the rights of the parties litigant, we thus arrive at a jurisprudence of rights, whereas, if we reason deductively from a rule, a definition, or a maxim of law to its application in the facts of our case, we can at best attain only a jurisprudence of rules, which has been so aptly characterized as an epithetical jurisprudence. The subject of fixtures is one in which we have great difficulty in applying the inductive method because the courts have been slower in approaching the subject …
Continuous Trespass And Repeated Wrong, Joseph H. Drake
Continuous Trespass And Repeated Wrong, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
In the recent case of Perkins v. Trueblood, (Cal., May, 1919), 191 Pac. 642, the facts were that, in March, 1912, the defendant, a surgeon, set the leg of the plaintiff, but as the fracture did not heal satisfactorily "the defendant separated the surfaces of the bone during the month of April, 1912, and again set the plaintiff's leg." In a suit for malpractice, begun on April 9, 1913, it was held, that the cause of action "was not barred by the CODE OF PROCEDURE, Article 340, subd. 3, prescribing a one year limitation period in such cases." It is …
Roman Law In Modern Life And Education, Joseph H. Drake
Roman Law In Modern Life And Education, Joseph H. Drake
Articles
"This discussion might be entitled, an experiment in classical education and how it failed... It is in a way an Apologia pro Mea Vita Paedagogica. The excess of ego dixi et meus filius respondit in it may, therefore, perhaps be pardoned by a confession at the outset that it is an account of failure on the part of the speaker to solve a troublesome pedagogical question and a very satisfactory solution of the same problem by one of his colleagues in the Latin Department."