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Articles 5641 - 5670 of 8265
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Can Fingerprints Lie?: Re-Weighing Fingerprint Evidence In Criminal Jury Trials, Tamara F. Lawson
Can Fingerprints Lie?: Re-Weighing Fingerprint Evidence In Criminal Jury Trials, Tamara F. Lawson
Articles
This article discusses fingerprint evidence and its use in criminal jury trials. It is commonly thought that fingerprints "never lie"; however, this article reveals the little known fact that the "science" of fingerprint identification has never been empirically tested or proven to be reliable. It further exposes the seldom-discussed issue of fingerprint misidentification and latent print examiner error. The article explains the importance of fingerprint evidence and its extensive use in all phases of the criminal justice system. Specifically, the article plays out the dramatic courtroom scenario of incriminating fingerprints being found at a crime scene and matching the accused …
Class And Status In American Law: Race, Interest, And The Anti-Transformation Cases, Martha R. Mahoney
Class And Status In American Law: Race, Interest, And The Anti-Transformation Cases, Martha R. Mahoney
Articles
No abstract provided.
Inmate Litigation, Margo Schlanger
Inmate Litigation, Margo Schlanger
Articles
In 1995, prison and jail inmates brought about 40,000 new lawsuits in federal court nearly a fifth of the federal civil docket. Court records evidence a success rate for inmate plaintiffs under fifteen percent. These statistics highlight two qualities long associated with the inmate docket: its volume and the low rate of plaintiffs' success. Then, in 1996, Congress enacted the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA), which dramatically altered the litigation landscape, restricting inmates' access to federal court in a variety of ways. This Article examines inmate litigation before and after the PLRA. Looking first at the litigation process itself, it …
Too Busy To Mind The Business? Monitoring By Directors With Multiple Board Appointments, Stephen P. Ferris, Murali Jagannathan, Adam C. Pritchard
Too Busy To Mind The Business? Monitoring By Directors With Multiple Board Appointments, Stephen P. Ferris, Murali Jagannathan, Adam C. Pritchard
Articles
We examine the number of external appointments held by corporate directors. Directors who serve larger firms and sit on larger boards are more likely to attract directorships. Consistent with Fama and Jensen (1983), we find that firm performance has a positive effect on the number of appointments held by a director. We find no evidence that multiple directors shirk their responsibilities to serve on board committees. We do not find that multiple directors are associated with a greater likelihood of securities fraud litigation. We conclude that the evidence does not support calls for limits on directorships held by an individual.
Cigarette Smoking, Diana Williams
Water Quality Today - Has The Clean Water Act Been A Success Symposium: The Clean Water Act At Thirty: Progress, Problems, And Potential, William L. Andreen
Water Quality Today - Has The Clean Water Act Been A Success Symposium: The Clean Water Act At Thirty: Progress, Problems, And Potential, William L. Andreen
Articles
No abstract provided.
Taking Educational Caste Seriously: Why Grutter Will Help Very Little From Brown To Grutter: Affirmative Action And Higher Education In The South, Bryan K. Fair
Articles
No abstract provided.
A Comparative Perspective On The First Amendment: Free Speech, Militant Democracy, And The Primacy Of Dignity As A Preferred Constitutional Value In Germany, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
A Comparative Perspective On The First Amendment: Free Speech, Militant Democracy, And The Primacy Of Dignity As A Preferred Constitutional Value In Germany, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr.
Articles
No abstract provided.
Historical Perspectives (Apoptosis), James Curtin, Thomas Cotter
Historical Perspectives (Apoptosis), James Curtin, Thomas Cotter
Articles
Apoptosis is one of the most widely studied fields in biology and accounts for over 2% of all life science publications annually. It plays a fundamental role in development, and defects in the regulation of apoptosis are directly implicated in numerous well-known diseases including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, tissue atrophy and auto-immune diseases. However, the field of apoptosis has humble beginnings and was neglected by biologists for much of its history. This chapter reviews the history of research in apoptosis and highlights key experiments that have contributed significantly to our current understanding of apoptosis. In addition, the topics covered in later …
Indirect Evaporative Cooling Potential In Air-Water Systems In Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Indirect Evaporative Cooling Potential In Air-Water Systems In Temperate Climates, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Articles
Recent developments have prompted a review of evaporative cooling technology as an effective means of cooling modern deep plan buildings. Prominent among these developments is the success of high temperature sensible cooling systems, particularly, chilled ceilings, which require a supply of cooling water at 14–18 °C. Crucial to the success of evaporative cooling technology, as a significant means of cooling in modern applications, is the ability to generate cooling water, in an indirect circuit, at a temperature which closely approaches the ambient adiabatic saturation temperature (AST) or wet bulb temperature (WBT). Recent experimental research has demonstrated that it is technically …
Simulation Of Dynamic Electrochemical Processes, John Cassidy
Simulation Of Dynamic Electrochemical Processes, John Cassidy
Articles
This work is designed to introduce electrochemists in a tutorial manner to the basics of modeling of electrochemical systems based primarily on diffusion equations. There is an introduction to analytical and numerical methods with examples taken from typical electrochemical experiments. The Laplace transform is used to derive the Cottrell equation and chronopotentiometry. The response of an electrode to a Gaussian concentration profile is detailed. Laplace’s equation is solved for a simple cell to determine the potential distribution. Discrete methods are employed to calculate the current time behavior following a potential step using the explicit finite difference method. Cyclic voltammetry is …
Air Intake Cooling Motor Vehicle Performance Enhancement, James Brunton, David Kennedy, John D. Kelleher
Air Intake Cooling Motor Vehicle Performance Enhancement, James Brunton, David Kennedy, John D. Kelleher
Articles
This research examined the practical effects of cooling the intake air, on the combustion characteristics of a modern motor vehicle operating under simulated road conditions as well as its subsequent impact on the environment. The cooling effect was achieved by taking a typical air conditioning rig as fitted to a modern motor vehicle and incorporating it into the induction system of the car. The test vehicle used was a 1993 Renault Safrane 2.0Vi standard passenger car that was modified as part of the research to facilitate the extraction of the required test information. A series of tests were conducted using …
Assessment Of The Acoustic Properties Of Common Tissue-Mimicking Test Phantoms, Jacinta Browne, K. Ramnarine, A. Watson, P. Hoskins
Assessment Of The Acoustic Properties Of Common Tissue-Mimicking Test Phantoms, Jacinta Browne, K. Ramnarine, A. Watson, P. Hoskins
Articles
Ultrasound (US) test phantoms incorporating tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) play an important role in the quality control (QC) and performance testing of US equipment. Three commercially available TMMs (ZerdineTM from CIRS Inc.; condensed-milk-based gel from Gammex RMI; urethane-rubber-based from ATS Labs) and a noncommercial agar-based TMM, were investigated. Acoustic properties were measured over the frequency range 2.25 to 15 MHz at a range of ambient temperatures (10 to 35°C). The acoustic velocity of the TMMs remained relatively constant with increasing frequency. Only the agar-based TMM had a linear increase of attenuation with frequency, with the other materials exhibiting nonlinear responses to …
Study Of Structure And Quality Of Different Silicon Oxides Using Ftir And Raman Microscopy, C. Moore, T. S. Perova, B. Kennedy, Kevin Berwick, I. I. Shaganov, R. A. Moore
Study Of Structure And Quality Of Different Silicon Oxides Using Ftir And Raman Microscopy, C. Moore, T. S. Perova, B. Kennedy, Kevin Berwick, I. I. Shaganov, R. A. Moore
Articles
In this work, SiO2 and fluorine and phosphorous doped SiO2 thin films are investigated using FTIR and Raman techniques. FTIR spectroscopy was performed at normal and oblique incidence of the probe beam in transmission and reflection modes. The effect of polarisation and angle of incidence of the probe beam is examined for the case of reflection mode. Infrared spectra taken from doped oxides show that the structure changes with the passage of time. Alternate methods to calculate the thickness of the doped film are therefore discussed. Infrared spectra of electron beam evaporated oxides give valuable information on their …
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
A Simulation Model To Characterize Photolithography Process Of A Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication, Amr Arisha, Paul Young, Mohie El Baradie
Articles
The pressures on semiconductor manufacturers due to cost considerations, rapid growth of process technology, quality constraints, feature size reduction, and increasingly complex products are requiring ever higher efficiency from manufacturing facilities. The complexity of manufacturing high capacity semiconductor devices means that it is impossible to analyze the process control parameters and the production configurations using traditional analytical models. There is, therefore, an increasing need for effective models of each manufacturing process, characterizing and analyzing the process in detail, allowing the effect of changes in the production environment on the process to be predicted. The photolithography process is one of the …
Norms On The Responsibilities Of Transnational Corporations And Other Business Enterprises With Regard To Human Rights, David Weissbrodt, Muria Kruger
Norms On The Responsibilities Of Transnational Corporations And Other Business Enterprises With Regard To Human Rights, David Weissbrodt, Muria Kruger
Articles
On August 13, 2003, the United Nations Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights approved the "Norms on the Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises with Regard to Human Rights" (Norms) 1 in its Resolution 2003/16. 2 The Norms represent a landmark step in holding businesses accountable for their human rights abuses and constitute a succinct, but comprehensive, restatement of the international legal principles applicable to businesses with regard to human rights, humanitarian law, international labor law, environmental law, consumer law, anticorruption law, and so forth.
What Were They Thinking? Fourth Amendment Unreasonableness In Atwater V. City Of Lago Vista, Richard Frase
What Were They Thinking? Fourth Amendment Unreasonableness In Atwater V. City Of Lago Vista, Richard Frase
Articles
In Atwater v. City of Lago Vista the Supreme Court upheld the arrest and jailing of a woman for a seat belt violation even though her offense was punishable only with a small fine, and there was no reason why the police officer could not have simply issued a citation. Atwater thus permits, and indeed encourages, unnecessary and disproportionate arrests (along with the various searches and other hardships which routinely accompany an arrest). The extremely broad arrest power recognized by the Court also creates a grave potential for abuse in light of the breadth of modern traffic laws (almost every …
Revisiting The Black Hole Of Workplace Regulation: A Historical And Comparative Perspective Of Contingent Work, Stephen F. Befort
Revisiting The Black Hole Of Workplace Regulation: A Historical And Comparative Perspective Of Contingent Work, Stephen F. Befort
Articles
A dramatic shift in the nature of work relationships in the United States has occurred during the past two decades. Long-term employment constituted the predominant model of structuring work relationships well into the 1970s. Since then, American firms increasingly have resorted to a variety of non-traditional work arrangements. These new workers, frequently denominated the "contingent workforce," tend to have a weaker workplace affiliation and a lower expectation of long-term employment.'
Judicial Supremacy And Its Discontents, Dale Carpenter
Judicial Supremacy And Its Discontents, Dale Carpenter
Articles
This is a remarkably quiet period in the public life of the Constitution. It is not a quiet time for constitutional law professors, of course, for whom there is always a crisis around the bend, a radical departure from fundamental values afoot, a usurpation of rights lurking. And there is certainly a lot of activity related to constitutional law, from the recent impeachment of President Clinton to judicial intervention in the election of 2000 to the creation of military tribunals to try suspected terrorists and enemy combatants. It is a quiet period, however, in the sense that there is remarkably …
Hard Law, Soft Law, And Non-Law In Multilateral Arms Control: Some Compliance Hypotheses, Richard L. Williamson Jr.
Hard Law, Soft Law, And Non-Law In Multilateral Arms Control: Some Compliance Hypotheses, Richard L. Williamson Jr.
Articles
No abstract provided.
Trials And Tribulations: Science In The Law, Susan Haack
Trials And Tribulations: Science In The Law, Susan Haack
Articles
No abstract provided.
Subject Unrest, Jerome M. Culp Jr., Angela P. Harris, Francisco Valdes
Subject Unrest, Jerome M. Culp Jr., Angela P. Harris, Francisco Valdes
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Capital Jury And Empathy: The Problem Of Worthy And Unworthy Victims, Scott E. Sundby
The Capital Jury And Empathy: The Problem Of Worthy And Unworthy Victims, Scott E. Sundby
Articles
No abstract provided.
Inquiry And Advocacy, Fallibilism And Finality: Culture And Inference In Science And The Law, Susan Haack
Inquiry And Advocacy, Fallibilism And Finality: Culture And Inference In Science And The Law, Susan Haack
Articles
No abstract provided.
Truth, Truths, "Truth," And "Truths" In The Law, Susan Haack
Truth, Truths, "Truth," And "Truths" In The Law, Susan Haack
Articles
No abstract provided.
Icann And Antitrust, A. Michael Froomkin
Icann And Antitrust, A. Michael Froomkin
Articles
National identification ("ID") cards appear increasingly inevitable. National ID cards have the potential to be repressive and privacy destroying, but it is also possible to design a system that captures more benefits than costs. Because the United States currently lacks a single, reliable credential, private businesses have trouble authenticating their customers and matching data among distributed databases. This Article argues that the desire for reliable ID creates a window of opportunity for the federal government to strike a bargain: offer private businesses the use of a reliable credential in the form of a national ID card, on the condition that …
Commentary: Time To Hug A Bureaucrat, A. Michael Froomkin
Commentary: Time To Hug A Bureaucrat, A. Michael Froomkin
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Office Of The Oath, Patrick O. Gudridge
Targeting Exemption For Charitable Efficiency: Designing A Nondiversion Constraint, Frances R. Hill
Targeting Exemption For Charitable Efficiency: Designing A Nondiversion Constraint, Frances R. Hill
Articles
No abstract provided.
Children's Rights In Israel: An End To Corporal Punishment, Tamar Ezer
Children's Rights In Israel: An End To Corporal Punishment, Tamar Ezer
Articles
No abstract provided.