Digital Commons Network^™

The Scrivener's Error, Ryan D. Doerfler

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No abstract provided.

Rescued From The Grave And Then Covered With Mud: Justice Scalia And The Unfinished Restoration Of The Confrontation Right, Richard D. Friedman

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Some years before his death, when asked which was his favorite among his opinions, Antonin Scalia named Crawford v. Washington. It was a good choice. Justice Scalia's opinion in Crawford reclaimed the Confrontation Clause of the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution and restored it to its rightful place as one of the central protections of our criminal justice system. He must have found it particularly satisfying that the opinion achieved this result by focusing on the historical meaning of the text, and that it gained the concurrence of all but two members of the Court, from all ideological positions.

Carrot Or Stick? The Shift From Voluntary To Mandatory Disclosure Of Risk Factors, Karen K. Nelson, Adam C. Pritchard

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This study investigates risk factor disclosures, examining both the voluntary, incentive-based disclosure regime provided by the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act as well as the SEC's subsequent mandate of these disclosures. Firms subject to greater litigation risk disclose more risk factors, update the language more from year to year, and use more readable language than firms with lower litigation risk. These differences in the quality of disclosure are pronounced in the voluntary disclosure regime, but converge following the SEC mandate as low-risk firms improved the quality of their risk factor disclosures. Consistent with these findings, …

Improving Classroom Engagement Using Enhanced Teaching Methods, Brian Keegan, Bianca Schoen-Phelan

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Third level student engagement in the classroom can be difficult for a number of reasons. Putting the content aside, factors include the duration of the class, size of the class, and time of day. Introducing classroom activities can be seen to improve student engagement and to reinforce key components. Teaching a technical discipline possess additional challenges in that the requirement to use technology in the classroom may not be feasible due to available building services. However, many students now possess mobile technology which allows them to participate in simple short classroom quizzes. The classroom quiz provides an opportunity to open …

A Comparison Of Catabolic Pathways Induced In Primary Macrophages By Pristine Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes And Pristine Graphene, Caroline More, Jennifer Mcintyre, Luke O'Neill, Hugh Byrne

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Understanding the correlation between the physico-chemical properties of carbonaceous nanomaterials and how these properties impact on cells and subcelluar mechanisms is critical to their risk assessment and safe translation into newly engineered devices. Here the toxicity, uptake and catabolic response of primary human macrophages to pristine graphene (PG) and pristine single walled carbon nanotubes (pSWCNT) are explored, compared and contrasted. The nanomaterial toxicity was assessed using three complementary techniques (live-dead assay, real time impedance technique and confocal microscopic analysis), all of which indicated no signs of acute cytotoxicity in response to PG or pSWCNT. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that …

Screening The Low Molecular Weight Fraction Of Human Serum Using Atr-Ir Spectroscopy, Franck Bonnier, Matthew J. Baker, Hugh Byrne

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Vibrational spectroscopic techniques can detect small variations in molecular content, linked with disease, showing promise for screening and early diagnosis. Biological fluids, particularly blood serum, are potentially valuable for diagnosis purposes. The so-called Low Molecular Weight Fraction (LMWF) contains the associated peptidome and metabolome and has been identified as potentially the most relevant molecular population for disease-associated biomarker research. Although vibrational spectroscopy can deliver a specific chemical fingerprint of the samples, the High Molecular Weight Fraction (HMWF), composed of the most abundant serum proteins, strongly dominates the response and ultimately makes the detection of minor spectral variations a challenging task. …

Book Review: Laugesen & Gauld. Democratic Governance & Health: Hospitals, Politics And Health In New Zealand, Vivienne Byers

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No abstract provided.

The Broken-Hearted Lover: Erwin Chemerinsky's Longings For A Mythical Court, Gerald Rosenberg

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No abstract provided.

Defining Single Molecular Forces Required For Notch Activation Using Nano Yoyo, Farhan Chowdhury, Isaac T. S. Li, Thuy Ngo, Benjamin J. Leslie, Byoung Kim, Joshua Sokoloski, Elizabeth Weiland, Xuefeng Wang, Yann Chemla, Timothy Lohman, Taekjip Ha

Articles

Notch signaling, involved in development and tissue homeostasis, is activated at the cell-cell interface through ligand-receptor interactions. Previous studies have implicated mechanical forces in the activation of Notch receptor upon binding to its ligand. Here we aimed to determine the single molecular force required for Notch activation by developing a novel low tension gauge tether (LTGT). LTGT utilizes the low unbinding force between single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and E. coli ssDNA binding protein (SSB) (~4 pN dissociation force at 500 nm/s pulling rate). The ssDNA wraps around SSB and, upon application of force, unspools from SSB, much like the unspooling of …

Source Separation Approach To Video Quality Prediction In Computer Networks, Ruairí De Fréin

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Time-varying loads introduce errors in the estimated model parameters of service-level predictors in Computer Networks. A load-adjusted modification of a traditional unadjusted service-level predictor is contributed, based on Source Separation (SS). It mitigates these errors and improves service-quality predictions for Video-on-Demand (VoD) by :6 to 2dB.

Trade And Tradeoffs: The Case Of International Patent Exhaustion, Daniel Hemel

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No abstract provided.

Cba At The Pto, Jonathan Masur

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No abstract provided.

Computation Of The Ramsey Numbers R(C_4, K_9) And R(C_4, K_10), Stanislaw Radziszowski, Alexander Lange, Ivan Livinsky

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The Ramsey number R(C4, Km) is the smallest n such that any graph on n vertices contains a cycle of length four or an independent set of order m. With the help of computer algorithms we obtain the exact values of the Ramsey numbers R(C4, K9) = 30 and R(C4, K10) = 36. New bounds for the next two open cases are also presented.

Theoretical Modeling Of The Effect Of Polymer Chain Immobilization Rates On Holographic Recording In Photopolymers, Dana Mackey, Paul O'Reilly, Izabela Naydenova

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This paper introduces an improved mathematical model for holographic grating formation in an acrylamide-based photopolymer, which consists of partial differential equations derived from physical laws. The model is based on the two-way diffusion theory of \cite{izabela}, which assumes short polymer chains are free to diffuse, and generalizes a similar model presented in \cite{josab} by introducing an immobilization rate governed by chain growth and cross-linking. Numerical simulations were carried out in order to investigate the behaviour of the photopolymer system for short and long exposures, with particular emphasis on the effect of recording parameters (such as illumination frequency and intensity), as …

An Intersectional Approach To Race/Ethnicity, Sex, And Age Disparity In Federal Sentencing Outcomes: An Examination Of Policy Across Time Periods, Jeffrey Nowacki

Articles

Approaches to intersectionality stress the importance of recognizing multiple, intersecting inequalities. As such, recent sentencing research has examined the changing role of extra-legal characteristics on United States federal sentencing outcomes in the aftermath of recent policy changes (e.g., United States v. Booker), but scholarship has less often examined these characteristics at the intersections of race/ethnicity, gender, and, especially age. This article uses an intersectional approach to examine the influence of these characteristics net of legally-relevant characteristics. Using ordinary-least squares regression procedures, the author examines the role of the joint effects of extra-legal variables on sentence length decisions across four distinct …

Antitrust And Wealth Inequality, Daniel Crane

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In recent years, progressive public intellectuals and prominent scholars have asserted that monopoly power lies at the root of wealth inequality and that increases in antitrust enforcement are necessary to stem its rising tide. This claim is misguided. Exercises of market power have complex, crosscutting effects that undermine the generality of the monopoly regressivity claim. Contrary to what the regressivity critics assume, wealthy shareholders and senior corporate executives do not capture the preponderance of monopoly rents. Such profits are broadly shared within and dissipated outside the firm. Further, many of the subjects of antitrust law are middle-class professionals, sole proprietors, …

The Evolution Of Strategic Sophistication, Nikolaus Robalino, Arthur Robson

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This paper investigates the evolutionary foundation for our ability to attribute preferences to others, an ability that is central to conventional game theory. We argue here that learning others’ preferences allows individuals to efficiently modify their behavior in strategic environments with a persistent element of novelty. Agents with the ability to learn have a sharp, unambiguous advantage over those who are less sophisticated because the former agents extrapolate to novel circumstances information about opponents’ preferences that was learned previously. This advantage holds even with a suitably small cost to reflect the additional cognitive complexity involved.

The Politics Of Comparative Constitutional Inquiry: At The Crossroads Of Law, Political Science, And Ideology, Michel Rosenfeld

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No abstract provided.

Bitcoin And The Uniform Commercial Code, Jeanne L. Schroeder

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Much of the discussion of bitcoin in the popular press has concentrated on its status as a currency. Putting aside a vocal minority of radical libertarians and anarchists, however, many bitcoin enthusiasts are concentrating on how its underlying technology – the blockchain – can be put to use for wide variety of uses. For example, economists at the Fed and other central banks have suggested that they should encourage the evolution of bitcoin’s blockchain protocol which might allow financial transactions to clear much efficiently than under our current systems. As such, it also holds out the possibility of becoming that …

Thirty-Six-Point Perpetua: John Updike's Personal Essays In The Later Years, Laurence W. Mazzeno, Sue Norton

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This article considers the central preoccupations and modus operandi of the American writer John Updike as an essayist with personal, autobiographical intent. Best known in the American canon for his many works of fiction, he produced nonfiction in equal measure over the course of his lengthy career. His far-ranging critical reviews and topical, discursive writings have occupied pride of place in the most prominent periodicals of our times and have garnered much critical and popular attention. Yet his specifically self-referential essays, especially those composed in the final years of his life, deserve closer notice for the ways in which they …

The Enigma Of Wynne, Edward A. Zelinsky

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The five-justice Wynne majority used that case to make a major statement about the dormant Commerce Clause. In many respects, Wynne is an enigma that perpetuates an inherent problem of the Courts dormant Commerce Clause doctrine: the Court declares some ill-defined taxes as unconstitutionally discriminatory because they encourage in-state investment, while other economically equivalent taxes and government programs that similarly encourage intrastate economic activity are apparently acceptable under the dormant Commerce Clause.

Wynne is thus more important than the immediate situation it addresses, and will have consequences beyond the immediate circumstances it addresses. A decision as enigmatic as it is …

Innovation Prizes In Practice And Theory, Michael J. Burstein, Fiona Murray

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Innovation prizes in reality are significantly different from innovation prizes in theory. The former are familiar from popular accounts of historical prizes like the Longitude Prize: the government offers a set amount for a solution to a known problem, like £20,000 for a method of calculating longitude at sea. The latter are modeled as compensation to inventors in return for donating their inventions to the public domain. Neither the economic literature nor the policy literature that led to the 2010 America COMPETES Reauthorization Act — which made prizes a prominent tool of government innovation policy — provides a satisfying justification …

The Role Of The Popes In The Invention Of Complementarity And The Vatican's Anathematization Of Gender, Mary Anne Case

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No abstract provided.

Dna Mismatch Repair Interacts With Caf-1- And Asf1a-H3-H4-Dependent Histone (H3-H4)2 Tetramer Deposition., Elena Rodriges Blanko, Lyudmila Y Kadyrova, Farid A Kadyrov

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DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is required for the maintenance of genome stability and protection of humans from several types of cancer. Human MMR occurs in the chromatin environment, but little is known about the interactions between MMR and the chromatin environment. Previous research has suggested that MMR coincides with replication-coupled assembly of the newly synthesized DNA into nucleosomes. The first step in replication-coupled nucleosome assembly is CAF-1-dependent histone (H3-H4)2 tetramer deposition, a process that involves ASF1A-H3-H4 complex. In this work, we used reconstituted human systems to investigate interactions between MMR and CAF-1- and ASF1A-H3-H4-dependent histone (H3-H4)2 tetramer deposition. We have …

Accelerating Expertise With Part-Task Training Of Macrocognitive Skills In The Baseball Workplace, Peter J. Fadde

Articles

Accelerating expert performance has frustrated many researchers and trainers in human factors, naturalistic decision-making, sport science, and expertise studies – with insufficient application of expert performance theories, findings and methods to the training macrocognitive aspects of human performance. Video-occlusion methods perfected by sports expertise researchers can have great utility, in some cases offering an effective and inexpensive alternative to high-fidelity simulation. The problem seems to be that expertise research done in laboratory and field settings doesn’t get adequately translated into workplace training. So, this article presents a framework for better linkage of expertise research/training across laboratory, field, and workplace settings. …

Missing Sex Talk In The Supreme Court's Same-Sex Marriage Cases, Mary Anne Case

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No abstract provided.

How The Fourth Amendment And The Separation Of Powers Rise (And Fall) Together, Aziz Huq

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No abstract provided.

Reconceptualizing The Eighth Amendment: Slaves, Prisoners, And Cruel And Unusual Punishment, Alexander A. Reinert

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The meaning of the Eighth Amendment’s Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause has long been hotly contested. For scholars and jurists who look to original meaning or intent, there is little direct contemporaneous evidence on which to rest any conclusion. For those who adopt a dynamic interpretive framework, the Supreme Court’s “evolving standards of decency” paradigm has surface appeal, but deep conflicts have arisen in application. This Article offers a contextual account of the Eighth Amendment’s meaning that addresses both of these interpretive frames by situating the Amendment in eighteenth and nineteenth-century legal standards governing relationships of subordination.

In particular, I …

The Management Of Staff By Federal Court Of Appeal Judges, G. Mitu Gulati, Richard A. Posner

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No abstract provided.

The Perverse Effects Of Subsidized Weather Insurance, Omri Ben-Shahar, Kyle D. Logue

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No abstract provided.