Digital Commons Network^™

A Method To Measure Reference Strain In Fbg Strain Sensor Interrogation System Involving Actuators, Ginu Rajan, Yuliya Semenova, Qian Wang, Gerald Farrell, Pengfei Wang

Articles

A method for reference strain measurement for FBG strain sensor in the testing stage while applying strain using actuators like piezo translators or micro screw is introduced. Unlike conventional methods of surface mounting, in our method the strain gauge is affixed directly to the optical fibre, which allows it to use with systems where the strain is applied directly using actuators while testing the FBG sensing system. Different bonding techniques were tested and a comparison with the results from calculated values are presented. Since the contact area between the fibre and strain gauge is very small a corrected gauge factor …

On Cosmall Abelian Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, O. Kolman

Articles

It is a well-known homological fact that every Abelian group G has the property that Hom(G,−) commutes with direct products. Here we investigate the ‘dual’ property: an Abelian group G is said to be cosmall if Hom(−,G) commutes with direct products. We show that cosmall groups are cotorsion-free and that no group of cardinality less than a strongly compact cardinal can be cosmall. In particular, if there is a proper class of strongly compact cardinals, then there are no cosmall groups.

"Acoustic Segregation" And The Hispanic Small Business Owner, Patricia S. Abril

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No abstract provided.

Why Do We Ask The Same Questions - The Triple Helix Dilemma Revisited Symposium: Legal Information And The Development Of American Law: Further Thinking About The Thoughts Of Robert C. Berring, Richard Delgado, Jean Stefancic

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No abstract provided.

Wireless Video Telephony Performance Enhancements: Towards Applied Network Engineering Approach, Justin Madigan, Fei Hu

Articles

The aim of this network engineering research is to improve video transmission performance (such as end-to-end delay) in video telephony applications in cellular network scenarios. There exists a definite need for quality-of-service (QoS) and guaranteed throughput when using streaming media. However, in wireless environments where resources are precious, this is often not possible, especially with a large user base that is communicating simultaneously. Not only does traffic load pose a problem, but also the inherent instability of the radio links makes the task considerably more difficult. This presents the need for a new method for undertaking the task of wireless …

Internet Protocol Television (Iptv): The Killer Application For The Next-Generation Internet, Yang Xiao, Xiaojiang Du, Jingyuan Zhang

Articles

Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) will be the killer application for the next-generation Internet and will provide exciting new revenue opportunities for service providers. However, to deploy IPTV services with a full quality of service (QoS) guarantee, many underlying technologies must be further studied. This article serves as a survey of IPTV services and the underlying technologies. Technical challenges also are identified.

Application Of Soft Computing Techniques To Estimate The Effective Young's Modulus Of Thin Film Materials, Ajay Pasupuleti, Ferat Sahin

Articles

This research aims at characterizing and predicting the Young’s Modulus of thin film materials that are utilized in Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Recent studies indicate that the mechanical properties such as Young’s Modulus of thin films are significantly different from the bulk values. Due to the lack of proper understanding of the physics in the micro-scale domain the state-of-art estimation techniques are unreliable and often unfit for use for predicating the mechanical behavior of slight modifications of existing designs as well as new designs. This disadvantage limits the MEMS designers to physical prototyping which is cost ineffective and time consuming. As …

Decision Theoretic Agent Design For Personal Rapid Transit Systems, Iheanyi Umez-Eronini, Ferat Sahin

Articles

This paper details a learning decision-theoretic intelligent agent designed to solve the problem of guiding vehicles in the context of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT). The intelligent agents are designed using Bayesian Decision Networks. The agents are designed to utilize the known methods of machine learning with Bayesian Networks (BN): parameter learning and structure learning. In addition, a new method of machine learning with BNs, termed utility learning in this paper, is introduced. BN software for Matlab is used to realize the proposed agent. Additional software is written to simulate the PRT problem using various intelligent agents that utilize one or …

I'M Deaf, But Let's Talk Recovery, Timothy S.

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No abstract provided.

When The Mind Is Idle..., Wendy Dimatteo

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No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of The Determinants Of Mis Faculty Salary Offers, Thomas Tribunella, M. Pamela Neely, Clyde Eiríkur Hull

Articles

Much research has been published related to compensation in academic fields such as finance, accounting and economics; however, little attention has been paid to Management Information Systems (MIS). Conspicuously absent from the literature are in-depth studies of faculty compensation and its relationship to research productivity for MIS faculty. This study examines compensation, rank, and publication data collected from the Association for Information Systems (AIS) 2003-2004, 2004-2005, 2005-2006 MIS Salary Surveys. MIS faculty who were newly employed or changed positions filled out the online survey at the AIS Web site on a self-selected productivity and institutional teaching load are reported as …

On The Relation Between Form And Substance In Law, Philip E. Soper

Articles

In this paper the author deals with some theoretical aspects of Robert Summers’ last book (Summers 2006). In particular, he concentrates on the hazy relationship between form and substance in Summers’ theory. In order to analyze some major difficulties entailed in the thesis that form and substance are different and independent things, the author discusses three specific questions: (1) the difference between form and substance; (2) the possibility of a form meant to be value-neutral; (3) how to distinguish a form-centered approach from a formalistic approach when one has to interpret a statute. This last question is dealt with through …

The Magnificence Of The Disaster: Reconstructing The Sony Bmg Rootkit Incident, Deirdre K. Mulligan, Aaron Perzanowski

Articles

Late in 2005, Sony BMG released millions of Compact Discs containing digital rights management technologies that threatened the security of its customers' computers and the integrity of the information infrastructure more broadly. This Article aims to identify the market, technological, and legal factors that appear to have led a presumably rational actor toward a strategy that in retrospect appears obviously and fundamentally misguided.

The Article first addresses the market-based rationales that likely influenced Sony BMG's deployment of these DRM systems and reveals that even the most charitable interpretation of Sony BMG's internal strategizing demonstrates a failure to adequately value security …

Insider Trading Laws And Stock Markets Around The World: An Empirical Contribution To The Theoretical Law And Economics Debate, Laura Nyantung Beny

Articles

The primary goal of this Article is to bring empirical evidence to bear on the heretofore largely theoretical law and economics debate about insider trading. The Article first summarizes various agency, market, and contractual (or "Coasian") theories of insider trading propounded over the course of this longstanding debate. The Article then proposes three testable hypotheses regarding the relationship between insider trading laws and several measures of stock market performance. Exploiting the natural variation of international data, the Article finds that more stringent insider trading laws are generally associated with more dispersed equity ownership, greater stock price accuracy and greater stock …

Lawful Personal Use, Jessica D. Litman

Articles

Despite having sued more than 20,000 of its customers,2 the recording industry wants the world to know that it has no complaint with personal use. Copyright lawyers of all stripes agree that copyright includes a free zone in which individuals may make personal use of copyrighted works without legal liability.3 Unlike other nations, though, the United States hasn't drawn the borders of its lawful personal use zone by statute.4 Determining the circumstances under which personal use of copyrighted works will be deemed lawful is essentially a matter of inference and analogy, and differently striped copyright lawyers will differ vehemently on …

On The Fortieth Anniversary Of The Miranda Case: Why We Needed It, How We Got It--And What Happened To It, Yale Kamisar

Articles

Last year (the year I gave the talk on which this article is based) marked the fortieth anniversary of Miranda v. Arizona,' one of the most praised, most maligned-and probably one of the most misunderstood-Supreme Court cases in American history. It is difficult, if not impossible, to evaluate Miranda without looking back at the test for the admissibility of confessions that preceded it.

Sources Of Presidential Papers And Documents On The Web, Barbara H. Garavaglia

Articles

The President of the United States and his staff produce a large volume of documents and other materials. These documents fall into two major categories. The first category is comprised of archival presidential materials such as papers, documents, visual and audio records of the presidency, and the personal papers of the president, his family, associates, and friends. This category of presidential material is primarily of interest to historians, political scientists, and other scholars because it provides "a comprehensive view of our Presidents and... [U.S.] history."1 The second category is comprised of presidential documents with legal effect used by the president …

Criminal Justice And The 1967 Detroit 'Riot', Yale Kamisar

Articles

Forty years ago the kindling of segregation, racism, and poverty burst into the flame of urban rioting in Detroit, Los Angeles, Newark, and other U.S. cities. The following essay is excerpted from a report by Professor Emeritus Yale Kamisar filed with the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders (the Kerner Commission) regarding the disorders that took place in Detroit July 23-28, 1967. The report provided significant material and was the subject of one article in the series of pieces on the anniversary of the disturbances that appeared last summer in The Michigan Citizen of Detroit. Immediately after the disturbances ended, …

Krylov Subspaces From Bilinear Representations Of Nonlinear Systems, Marissa Condon, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

For efficient simulation of state-of-the-art dynamical systems as arise in all aspects of engineering, the development of reduced-order models is of paramount importance. While linear reduction techniques have received considerable study, increasingly nonlinear model reduction is becoming a significant field of interest. From a circuits and systems viewpoint, systems involving micromachined devices or systems involving mixed technologies necessitate the development of reduced-order nonlinear models. From a control systems viewpoint, the design of controllers for nonlinear systems is greatly facilitated by nonlinear model reduction strategies. To this end, the paper proposes two novel model-reduction strategies for nonlinear systems. The first involves …

Can China Promote Electronic Commerce Through Law Reform? Some Preliminary Case Study Evidence, Jane K. Winn, Song Yuping

Articles

The government of the People’s Republic of China (P.R.C.) has announced its intention to make China a global leader in innovation by 2020. Many Chinese business leaders share this goal. The primary focus of this national strategy is to transform China into an exporter of high-technology products based on Chinese designs rather than merely a low cost, high volume manufacturer of products based on technology developed in other countries.

This paper will examine the implications for this strategy with regard to the use of computerized management information systems by Chinese businesses, and its relationship to recent law reform efforts intended …

Learning To Write In Code: The Value Of Using Legal Writing Exercises To Teach Tax Law, Scott A. Schumacher

Articles

Traditionally, law school tax courses have been taught using a mix of problems, class discussion, the Socratic method, and one end-of-term exam. The goal of these courses is to introduce students to key concepts of tax law and to teach them the essential skill of reading and interpreting the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations. This traditional method of instruction is an efficient and cost-effective way of transmitting a great deal of complex information to a large number of students. It is also a good vehicle to teach the essential skill of reading and interpreting the Code. However, the time …

Constitutional Patriotism, Citizenship And Belonging In America And Germany, David Abraham

Articles

No abstract provided.

Some Transitivity Results For Torsion Abelian Groups, Brendan Goldsmith, Lutz Strungmann

Articles

We introduce a new class of fully transitive and transitive Abelian p-groups and study the new concept of weak transitivity which is the missing link between full transitivity and transitivity.

Proteinparser:A Community Based Tool For The Generation Of A Detailed Protein Consensus And Fasta Output, Barry Ryan, Ronan Barrett

Articles

Comparison of bioinformatic data is a common application in the life sciences and beyond. In this communication, a novel Java based software tool, ProteinParser, is outlined. This soft- ware tool calculates a detailed consensus, or most common, amino acid at a given position in an aligned protein set, whilst also generating a full consensus protein FASTA output. A second application of this software tool, computing a consensus amino acid given a toler- ance threshold, is also demonstrated. The phytase and the common bacterial �-lactamase proteins are analysed as ‘proof of concept’ examples. Consensus proteins, as generated by ProteinParser, are regularly …

Computational Trust In Web Content Quality: A Comparative Evalutation On The Wikipedia Project, Pierpaolo Dondio

Articles

The problem of identifying useful and trustworthy information on the World Wide Web is becoming increasingly acute as new tools such as wikis and blogs simplify and democratize publication. It is not hard to predict that in the future the direct reliance on this material will expand and the problem of evaluating the trustworthiness of this kind of content become crucial. The Wikipedia project represents the most successful and discussed example of such online resources. In this paper we present a method to predict Wikipedia articles trustworthiness based on computational trust techniques and a deep domain-specific analysis. Our assumption is …

Pure Non-Blocking Lc Based Matrix Optical Switch For All-Optical Fibre Networks, Yuri Panarin, V. Alex

Articles

New pure non-blocking matrix optical switch scheme for fiber networks is presented. The optical switch is based on conventional LCD technology, where the each pixel controls the polarization state of the light beam. The suggested switch offers several advantages over the conventional cross-point architecture such as: cost; complexity; size; adjustment; and optical performance

An Anthology Of Enterprise Policy In Ireland, William Gorman, Thomas Cooney

Articles

Ruane and Gorg (1996: 37) remarked that 'any careful comparison of the Irish economy with other economies in the European Union immediately focuses on two key features of Ireland's pattern of industrial development: the enormous significance of foreign direct investment (FDI) and the very high export ratios in the Irish manufacturing sector among foreign-owned companies. These two features have not developed by accident, but are directly related to the industrial strategy which Ireland has pursued over the past forty years, namely, of promoting export-led growth in Irish manufacturing through various incentives and of encouraging foreign companies to establish manufacturing plants …

On The Legal Consequences Of Sauces: Should Thomas Keller’S Recipes Be Per Se Copyrightable?, Christopher Buccafusco

Articles

The restaurant industry now takes in over $500 billion a year, but recent courts have been skeptical of the notion that one of its most valuable assets, original recipes, are subject to copyright protection. With more litigation looming and the contours of the debate insufficiently mapped out, this article establishes the appropriate groundwork for analyzing the copyrightability of recipes. I show that, contrary to recent appellate court opinions, recipes meet the statutory requirements for copyrightability. I argue, by analogizing to musical compositions, that written recipes work to satisfy the fixation requirement of copyright law just as musical notation does for …

The Return Of Seditious Libel, Ronald J. Krotoszynski Jr., Clint A. Carpenter

Articles

No abstract provided.

Famous Trademarks And The Rational Basis For Protecting Irrational Beliefs, J. Shahar Dillbary

Articles

Contrary to the traditional view, this article argues that mega-brands are neither economic evils nor limited to imparting information about the products they adom. It also rejects the view that famous marks persuade "snobs" to "irrationally" pay more for the same physical product they could have purchased for less. Rather, it adopts the view that in purchasing a branded good, the consumer is actually purchasing a bundle of three prod- ucts: a physical product, information about the physical product, and an intangible product, such as fame, prestige, peace of mind, or a pleasant feel- ing. This article explores the demand …