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A Study Of 5-Fluorouracil: Its Effects And Mode Of Action In Drosophila Melanogaster, John B. Jenkins Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations involving the fluorinated pyrimidine, 5-fluorouracil, and its effects on viruses, bacteria, plants and mammals, have brought to light the following facts: FU inhibits the growth of bacteria, plants and mammalian cells and it decreases the ability of certain viruses to produce progeny. In other words, FU is an antimetabolite that inhibits growth and/or reproduction. Two mechanisms have emerged from these studies to define the mode of action of FU. The first mechanism involves the incorporation of the compound into the RNA of the organism thus altering the base sequence and creating a non functional or damaging nucleic acid. The …

Effect Of Fluoride On Respiratory Enzymes In Soybean Leaves, Arthur Chiu-Eng Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

There are many reports relating the effects of fluorides on plant respiration. Fluoride has been regarded as an inhibitor of respiration. Warburg et al. (1942) demonstrated that fluoride inhibited enolase activity, therefore, decreased the respiration rate of yeast. Miller (1958), found a similar inhibition of enolase from pea seed. Bonner (1948), Bonner and Wildman (1946), and Laties (1949) reported that the fluoride ion in culture solutions reduced the respiration rate in Avena Coleoptile, spinach leaves and barley roots. Since the inhibition was reversed by the addition of pyruvate, they concluded that the inhibition of respiration was due to the inactivation …

Error Structure Of Randomized Design Under Background Correlation With A Missing Value, Tseng-Chi Chang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The analysis of variance technique is probably the most popular statistical technique used for testing hypotheses and estimating parameters. Eisenhart (12) presents two classes of problems solvable by the analysis of variance and the assumption underlying each class. Cochran (9) lists the assumptions and also discusses the consequences when these assumptions are not met. It is evident that if all the assumptions are not satisfied, the confidence placed in any result obtained in this manner is adversly affected to varying degrees according to the extent of the violation.

A Longitudinal Study: The Relationship Of Various Physical Characteristics To Serum Cholesterol In Preadolescents And Adolescents, Carol Ann Milligan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although many theories have been formulated concerning atherosclerosis and its relationship to the incidence of coronary heart disease, few actual facts are known. It is known that atherosclerosis is very complex and appears to be influenced by many factors. It is postulated that an elevated serum cholesterol level is one predisposing factor.

Serum cholesterol levels are likewise influenced by many factors. Age, sex, body build, exercise, socio-economic levels, smoking, health status, weight loss or gain, dietary fat, endocrine function, and stress have been shown to be related to serum cholesterol levels, and according to some authors also are related to …

Molybdenum-L-Histidine Complexes, Jiing-Yun Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

L- Histidine is a very important amino acid and is widely distributed in living systems. In the growth and multiplication of animal cells, it was found that L-histidine is one of the amino acids that must be present. From the kinetic studies of certain enzymes such as chymotrypsin and ribonuclease, it has been proposed that the imidazolyl group of the histidine residue may serve as the basic electron donor, and that the histidine residue in some cases may be the active site of the enzyme. The interactions of L-histidine with heavy metal ions, including Ni (II) (1), Zn (II) (1, …

Studies On The Relationship Of Serum Lipids And Dietary Intake Of Fat In Senior Citizens, Lina Wu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A number of research studies have shown that aging is a continuous and cumulative process of biological changes which frequently result in cardiovascular diseases in the older age group. Degenerative diseases of old age such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases appear to be related to abnormal lipid metabolism. The findings which indicate serum cholesterol values rise with age are by no means unanimous. The combined evidence in the literature points out that serum cholesterol of newborn infants is low, then rises steadily with age in both sexes from adolescence through middle age with a higher value in males than …

The Interaction Of Water And Salt Flow In Unsaturated Soils, Mahmoud Hassan Abd-El Aziz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The movements of salt and water, particularly in fairly dry soils or compacted shales, are important processes in both agronomic studies and hydraulics of deep ground water which is important in the location of oil.

Simulation Of Mathematical Models In Genetic Analysis, Dinesh Govindal Patel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In recent years a new field of statistics has become of importance in many branches of experimental science. This is the Monte Carlo Method, so called because it is based on simulation of stochastic processes. By stochastic process, it is meant some possible physical process in the real world that has some random or stochastic element in its structure. This is the subject which may appropriately be called the dynamic part of statistics or the statistics of "change," in contrast with the static statistical problems which have so far been the more systematically studied. Many obvious examples of such processes …

Neutral 17-Ketosteroids And 17, 21-Dihydroxy-20-Ketosteroids In Urine Of University Students, Shon-Hua Yu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Degenerative disease of old age such as atherosclerosis and cerebral hemorrhage appear to be related to abnormal lipid metabolism. Many investigators have studied the role of steroid hormones on lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats and chickens. The results have consistantly indicated that both corticosteroids and sex hormones play an important role in the regulation of lipid and cholesterol metabolism, in vivo. Serum cholesterol values in humans have been decreased by estrogens, while androgen administration tends to increase circulating cholesterol. Estrogens have been shown to decrease circulating cholesterol and prevent cholesterol-induced coronary atherosclerosis in chickens. A study of the …

Studies Of The Incorporation Of 5-Fluorouracil Into Tobacco Mosaic Viral Rna By Cell-Free Synthesing Systems Isolated From Infected Tobacco Plants, Helen Lu-Sheng Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research on biosynthesis of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) ribonucleic acid in vitro has been reported by a number of laboratories (8, 16, 17). Bonner et al. postulated that ribonucleic acid could be synthesized from nucleotides by chromatin extracted from nuclei of pea seedlings (5, 14, 22). The evidence from in vitro synthesis of viral RNA suggested that an enzyme, RNA polymerase, links the four nucleotides (ATP, UTP, CTP, GTP) with viral RNA present as a primer and magnesium ions participating as a catalyst (7, 8).

Production And Waterfowl Utilization Of Sago Pondweed (Potamogeton Pectinatus) On The Marshes Of The Bear River In Northern Utah, Robert Leon Craner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

According to MCAtee (1918), Mabbott (1920), Martin and Uhler (1939) and other leading waterfowl food habit authorities, sago pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus) is one of the most important waterfowl food plants in the United States. The seeds, vegetative leaves and stems, and the tubers of this plant are apparently sought by waterfowl.

A History Of Timber Resource Use In The Development Of Cache Valley, Utah, Douglas M. Bird

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

It has long been realized that the forests and forest products contributed very significantly toward the economic development of the Western United States. However, the extent of this contribution over a relatively small area has never been fully analyzed. Therein lies the primary justification for this paper. The author hopes that the readers of this paper will, through their reading, gain some appreciation of the major role the forest and its products played in the development of the western community.

Because of some important social differences between the area described in this paper and other western communities, the history herein …

On The Behavioral Responses Of Free Uinta Ground Squirrels To Trapping, David F. Balph

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Biologists often trap animals to obtain information on them. If trapping is selective toward some animals, the information may be inaccurate. Most mammalogists know or suspect that their trapping techniques (reviewed by Hayne, 1949; and Stickel, 1954) contain sources of bias. Since trapping remains the only feasible way to obtain information on many animals, researchers have tried to discover sources of sampling error and refine their techniques. They have found that one major source of difficulty may lie in the behavior of animals. Individual animals seem to respond differently to trapping, both initially and through learning (Geis, 1955; Crowcroft and …

Some Effects Of Accumulated Radium On The Productivity Of Algae, Joseph W. Angelovic

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ionizing radiation from natural occurring radionuclides and cosmic rays has always been a part of man's environment, but at such low levels as to have had virtually no effect. However, with the advent of the atomic age and the advancement of nuclear technology, background activity has measurably increased all over the world. Fallout from nuclear weapons testing, wastes from nuclear reactors, and wastes from the milling of radioactive ores have all contributed to this increase. Due to this increase, many ecosystems and their individual components are now subjected to radiation levels as high as a million times natural background. What …

Canada Goose Production And Population Stability, Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area, Utah, Norman H. Dey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since the development of Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area in 1937, the Canada goose (Branta canadesis moffitti) population increased to a peak in 1949 and then declined slightly. Nelson (1954) noted that the decrease in population was probably due to either a change in habitat or increased hunting pressure. In recent years, direct band returns have indicated a high mortality rate in the population. This project was initiated to determine the relative stability of the Canada goose population and to measure, as closely as possible, the effect of a high mortality rate upon the nesting population.

To estimate …

Morphology, Fertility, And Cytology Of Diploid And Colchicine-Induced Tetraploid Fairway Crested Wheatgrass, William Tai

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fairway crested wheatgrass, which is identified taxonomically as Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. (45), A. cristatiforme (38), or A. pectiniforme Roem. and Schult (22), is an economically important range grass belonging to the "crested wheatgrass complex" (24, 38). The crested wheatgrass complex includes diploid, 2n = 14, tetraploid, 2n = 28, and hexaploid, 2n = 42, forms (1, 11, 22). The variety Fairway and Fairway-like derivatives are the only known diploid members of the species complex (24, 38). Meiotic chromosome behavior of Fairway diploids appears to be typical of other diploid species; however, the number of plants examined …

Effect Of Fluoride On The Respiration Of Leaves From Higher Plants, Ming-Ho Yu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies concerning the effects of fluoride on the metabolism of both animals and plants have been of interest to many workers. In plants, it has been known that fluoride will inhibit the growth, that it will induce chlorosis as an evidence of visible injury, and that necrosis will eventually result. The economic importance associated with fluoride damage has been widely recognized, and, as a consequence, fluoride has become a major problem of air pollution.

Influence Of Sodium And Calcium Chlorides In The Nutrient Solution On Secretions Of Salt Glands Of Tamarix Species, Don L. Chadwick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Salt glands are an adaptation for living in saline habitats possessed by several species of plants. In the family of Plumbaginaceae at least three mangrove genera, Aegialitis, Aegiceras, and Avicennia, possess salt glands according to Scholander (1962). Salt glands of the small ornamental shrubs, Statice gmelini, and Limonium latifoluim of the same family, were studied by Ruhland (1915) and Arisz (1955). Spartina townsendii of the Graminaceae and Tamarix petandra, Tamarix hispida, and Tamarix aphylla of the Tamaricaceae families also have the glands.

Canada Goose Production And Population Stability, Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area, Utah, Norman H. Dey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since the development of Ogden Bay Waterfowl Management Area in 1937, the Canada goose (Branta canadesis moffitti) population increased to a peak in 1949 and then declined slightly. Nelson (1954) noted that the decrease in population was probably due to either a change in habitat or increased hunting pressure. In recent years, direct band returns have indicated a high mortality rate in the population. This project was initiated to determine the relative stability of the Canada goose population and to measure, as closely as possible, the effect of a high mortality rate upon the nesting population.

A Comparative Gas Chromatographic Study Of Venison And Beef Flavors, K. Prakash Reddy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Venison is an important food item in the diet of the people of the United States. Deer is hunted both as sport and for food. Annually, nearly 180,000 hunters go afield in Utah in search of deer. Over 130,000 animals are killed which amounts to an annual harvest of over 15,000,000 pounds of dressed venison. This contributes about 10 1/2 million dollars to the economy of the state from licenses, lodgings, transportation, and other expenses of hunting.

Influence Of Temperature On Protein, Moisture And Fat And Some Other Factors In Charcoal Broiled Meats, Ilene C. Savage

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Due to the increasing popularity of outdoor cooking of meat, there is interest in determining the chemical and physical changes that occur during the charcoal broiling process. Of particular interest is the effect of these changes upon the quality of the broiled meat. Although broiling is not a new method of cooking meat, a review of the literature revealed few reports of scientific work on broiled meats. Some work has been done on the effect of different cooking methods on weight losses, tenderness, palatability, thiamine, protein content, but no reports were found relating surface temperature and cooking time to rate …

Effects Of Hydro-Cooling, Chemicals, And Packaging Treatments On Refrigerated-Life And Quality Of Sweet Cherries And In Vitro Effects Of Chemicals On Selected Fungi Responsible For Fruit Deterioration, Joseph Yungsheng Do

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

As the population tends to urbanize, the potential consumer market of fresh produce becomes distant from the producing farm. This distance brings to growers and handlers the problems of how to keep their fresh products unspoiled after harvest and during transit period of shipping, and how they can be delivered to the specified destination without substantial deterioration. It is the common interest of fruit growers, shippers, wholesalers, and retailers that the shelf-life of fresh fruit be prolonged to increase sales.

Sweet cherries are one of the important fruit crops in Utah. Being highly perishable, fresh sweet cherries have relatively short …

Leaf Ribonuclease Activity As Related To Virus Infection, And Ribonucleic Acid Concentration, Andrew Chien-Yau Hsu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) appears to be the entity responsible for infectivity and genetic continuity in certain plant, animal and bacterial viruses. RNA also plays an important role in protein synthesis. The enzymes which are involved in RNA synthesis and degradation have received much attention. Among these enzymes ribonuclease (RNase) has been most thoroughly studied Rnase is widely distributed and has been isolated from many sources such as snake venom, bacteria, the pancreas, and many plant and animal tissues. Most studies with RNase have been concerned with its role in the hydrolysis of RNA in vitro. Therefore, it has generally been …

Factors Influencing Elk Distribution On Willow Creek Summer Range, Utah, Duane Eldro Jeffery

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study is aimed at gaining a better understanding of the factors responsible for the distribution of elk on summer range, and an analysis of characteristics of preferred habitat. Such knowledge should prove of value in elk management, both in better managing elk herds themselves, and in coordinating their needs with those of other land uses.

Effect Of Forage Height Upon The Microtemperature Of A Grass-Legume Pasture And A Comparison Of Forage Composition, Robert E. Warnick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The use of pasture to provide low cost feed for dairy and other farm animals is an important factor in the success of livestock operations.

Some of the factors which influence the income from pasture land are: management, pasture mix, and climate. The management of a pasture can determine to a great extent the value of pasture in a farming enterprise. Irrigating the pasture at the right time, using the right fertilizer, and proper methods of harvesting are examples of some of the management problems facing the grassland farmer.

A Study Of The Effects Of Mastitic Milk On The Quality And Yield Of Cheese, Clayton Shirl Huber

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Mastitis is found to some degree all over the world where cows are used for milk production. It could be classed as one of the most perplexing problems of milk production in the airy industry. The loss to the producer and the manufacturer is of considerable importance.

Today sub-clinical mastitis is probably the most common form. This type of infection is commonly so mild that it passes without recognition. It will be investigated in this study.

The influence of mastitis on milk composition has not been studied extensively. Very little research has been done on the influence of mastitic milk …

Influence Of Temperature And Rate Of Heat Penetration On Some Factors In Charcoal Broiled Porterhouse Steak And Ground Beef, Geraldine Irvine

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Charcoal broiling is becoming an increasingly popular method for cooking meat. Little scientific work has been done in this area. Information presently available on charcoal broiling consists of broad generalizations which have developed from trial and error testing. With the current interest in charcoal broiling, there is a need for more factual, scientific information as to the proper procedure.

Cooking method affects palatability and nutritive value of meat. Chemical and physical changes occur during the cooking process and the reactions which take place are not fully known or understood. Each cooking method has a specific effect upon meat due to …

The Nitrification Of Ammonium Sulfate In Polyethylene Bags In The Field And Laboratory, Carlos Dean Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

There are many advantages and some disadvantages associated with the fall application of nitrogen fertilizers. The advantages of applying fertilizer at this time appear very convincing. It is easier to get onto the land in the fall. During the fall, farmers usually have more time to apply fertilizer than they do in the spring. In the fall the fertilizer companies offer better services. This is because the fall application of fertilizer lengthens out their season, thus making it possible for them to handle more fertilizer.

The main disadvantage is the fact that it is possible to lose the fall-applied nitrogen …

The Influence Of Salinity On The Growth And Reproduction Of Marsh Plants, D. K. Kaushik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The water resources of the State of Utah are rapidly being developed for agriculture and industry. They are so extensively exploited that their continued and additional use must be justified on the basis of need and efficiency of utilization. To determine more accurately the quantity and quality of water needed to operate a marsh, a project was undertaken by the Utah Department of Fish and Game, the Engineering Experiment Station and the Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit at Utah State University. The study was divided into the two phases, one on quantity and one on quality of water. The present report …

Abundance, Movements, Harvest, And Survival Of Brown Trout And Mountain Whitefish In A Section Of Logan River, Utah, David W. Bridges

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Comprehensive population studies in the field of fisheries are in great demand. Many of our fishable waters are being changed, and we need to be able to predict the results of these habitat alterations. We must know how to include beneficial modifications in readjustments of habitat in order to create a fishery or prevent destruction of an existing one.

The acceptable situations for good fish production in large mountain streams are not well-known. A fishery can be properly managed only if the manager has sufficient knowledge of the carrying capacity of the habitat, the survival and mortality of the population, …