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The Ontogeny Of Social Behavior Of Uinta Ground Squirrels, D. Andrew Saunders

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The social behavior of juvenile Uinta ground squirrels (Spermophilus armatus) was studied for 2 1/2 years in northeastern Utah. The purpose of the study was to describe the developing social behavior of unconfined, marked squirrels. Their behavior was recorded with motion pictures and written descriptions from the time they emerged from the natal burrow until they entered hibernation.

Three phases of behavioral development were apparent. The first phase began when the juveniles appeared above ground and ended 5 weeks later. This was a period of socialization and consisted of behavioral patterns best described as play. The second phase …

Effects Of Sublethal, Cerebral X-Irradiation On Movement And Home-Range Patterns Of Black-Tailed Jackrabbits, Lewis Nelson Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Effects of sublethal, cerebral irradiation on movement and home-range patterns of black-tailed jackrabbits were studied in Curlew Valley, Utah, using radio-telemetry. Irradiation of 70 captive animals indicated that the LD₅₀₍₃₀₎ was between 5,556 and 6,200 roentgens.

Nine wild, free-living experimentals were trapped in desert terrain, irradiated, transmittered, and released at the capture sites. Seven wild controls were treated similarly but were not irradiated. The field-irradiation dosage was 5,000 roentgens.

Tracking accuracy was determined by telemetering transmitters at fixed locations. Mean hourly movement was measured within 20-30 percent error and home ranges were measured with an error of less than …

Areal And Temporal Variations In Developmental Phases Of Syringa Vulgaris L. Throughout The Western United States, Joseph Michael Caprio

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper presents the results of the analysis of 10 years of information 1957-1966 on three phases-- begin, peak and end bloom-- of the purple common lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) using data recorded at approximately 1,000 locations throughout the Western Region of the United States.

The pattern of geographical advance of the various bloom phases is determined by both a manual mapping procedure developed by the author and by standard statistical methods. Manually drawn isophanes for the various elevations for begin bloom phase are based entirely upon the first 5 years of record, 1957-1961. A Zones of Adjustment map to …

Drift Of Oligophlebodes Sigma And Baetis Bicaudatus In A Mountain Stream, William Dean Pearson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to clarify the relationships between drift rates, population density, production rates, key environmental factors, and movements of adults within two populations of stream insects (a caddisfly--Oligophlebodes sigma and a mayfly--Baetis bicaudatus).

Samples of benthic invertebrates (424 total) were collected every 28 days at four stations on Temple Fork of the Logan River, Utah, from October, 1967 to September, 1969. Samples of drift invertebrates (181 total) were collected every 14 days at three stations on Temple Fork during the same period. During summer months (June-September) a day and a night drift sample …

Effects Of Starvation And Time At Stocking On Survival Of Stocked Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, Marlin John Bricker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Investigations of effects of starvation and time at stocking on the survival of catchable rainbow trout in two areas of Mammoth Creek in Dixie National Forest, Utah, were conducted from May 24 to December 6, 1969. Fish were starved for 6 days and 1 day and stocked in the morning (5:40-7:00 a.m.) and in the afternoon (1:45-5:30 p.m.). Out of 7,000 tagged fish stocked, 4,751 tags were returned by fishermen. The 6-day starved fish, stocked in the morning returned to the creel in highest numbers (1,240); followed by 1-day starved, afternoon-stocked fish (1,194); 6-day starved, afternoon-stocked fish (1,163); and 1-day …

Estimating The Rainfall-Runoff Characteristics Of Selected Small Utah Watersheds, Clive H. Walker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Runoff and rainfall data have been taken from three high mountain Utah watersheds and subjected to runoff to rainfall comparisons. The resulting Q/P ratios have been compared to the average volumes of runoff curve numbers (CN) computed from this data for each watershed. Runoff curve numbers were also estimated on the basis of the soils and vegetation data available for the watersheds.

An attempt has been made to estimate the watershed lag characteristics by computing synthetic hydrographs for successively larger values of time to peak estimates until the best fit comparison was achieved between the snythetic and the actual hydrographs. …

Levels Of Art Development Among Preschool Children, Sally Lynn Miner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problem which was investigated in this study was the influence of a child development laboratory experience and the child's discriminatory abilities on the developmental level of children's art productions.

Forty-eight children, three and four years of age, of whom 24 had no prior experience, and 24 others had completed approximately six months as participants in a child development laboratory, were included in the study.

All children were given a discrimination task to establish their individual levels of discriminatory abilities. Each child painted four pictures, two with easel paint and two with crayons. Each painting was analyzed to determine art …

The Teaching Of Concrete Thinking Strategies To Five-Year-Old Children And Its Effect On Performance On The Bender-Gestalt Test, Ronald C. Bennett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to examine the effect teaching five and one-half to six-year-old children analytical and conceptual thinking strategies would have on their subsequent performance on the Bender-Gestalt Test. The sample was composed of 34 kindergarten children in this age range from the Providence Elementary School. They were randomly divided into two groups of equal size; one group was then given three 10-minute training sessions over three days which were designed to teach them analytical and conceptual thinking strategies. The other group was also given three 10-minute sessions with the investigator; however, they were only involved in looking at …

An Economic Analysis Of Range Improvements On Saddle Creek Allotment And Curlew National Grasslands--With Special Consideration On The Effects Of Improvements On Wildlife Management, Jerry Russell Meyers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Range improvements for livestock were analyzed for the Curlew National Grassland and Saddle Creek Allotment. Increases in aum's which were a result of range improvements were calculated and valued at $4.00 each. Internal rates of return for both study areas were computed with a 15-year project life span for estimated grazing capacity and permitted grazing. Rate of return was then set at 10 percent to calculate project life span for both permitted grazing and estimated grazing capacity for the two areas.

Effects of range improvements for livestock on wildlife habitat were studied. Due to a lack of quantitative data, values …

Educational And Family Conditions That Affect Post-High School Plans Of Intermountain Navajo Seniors, George Patrick Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Graduation from high school has become the accepted educational goal for most Americans and stands as the minimum requirement not only for higher education but also competitive positions in the employment market. The general public, the government, business, industry and education have great interest in the plans and decisions of high school graduates.

Survey Of Interests Of The Aged As Related To Leisure Time With Special Emphasis On Educational Tv, Jessie M. Eller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This was a study of television interests of older citizens using respondents from two geographical areas--Cache County and Salt Lake City--using random sampling, rest home, and active senior citizens.

The purpose of this study was to assist in determining program preferences for a series of television shows beamed for the aged. This involved educational television and particularly KUSU Channel 12.

The top ten program preferences, in rank order, were:

News and Current Events
Music
Travelogues
Nature Study
Drama
Health and Medical Care
Sports and Recreation
Nutrition
Hobbies and Crafts
Security-Financial Management

There are very few programs beamed for the specific …

Racial Awareness Of Children In A Predominately White Area Compared To An Interracial Area, Janis S. Withrich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of region and sex in relation to racial awareness were studied by comparing an interracial area to a predominately white area. The test ing of the hypotheses was carried out with two groups of preschool children comprised of 20 children from Utah State University in Logan , Utah, and 20 children from Children's World in Ogden, Utah.

The instrument used was one developed by J. Kenneth Morland, the Chairman of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Randolph- Macon Women's College in Lynchburg, Virginia. The instrument con isted of s ix 8-by-10 black and white pictures about which …

A Study Of Flooded And Rain Infiltration Relations With Surface Ponding, Yehia Z. El-Shafei

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The non-linear partial differential equation (combination of Darcy's law and continuity equation) has been used in this investigation to predict the flooded infiltration through soils possessing appreciable amount of clay and initially drier than its field capacity. One of the most important assumptions made in solving the differential equation is that the capillary conductivity-moisture content relationship is unique for each initial moisture content computation due to the different reaction of clay minerals with different initial moisture contents.

Mathematical equations were also derived to predict:

1. The rate of the wetting front advance, prior to the occurrence of surface ponding, taking into …

An Application Of Statistical Decision Theory To Farm Management In Sevier County, Utah, Suwaphot Lakawathana

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The major purpose of this study is to present selected empirical results of a study employing decision-making theory as a framework for considering decision making under risk. The particular problem involves choices between alternative crop rotations for Sevier County farmers. The study demonstrates the usefulness of the Bayesian theory that gives more than a point estimation.

A multiple regression model using two linear terms was employed to determine the influence of snow pack and reservoir storage on water availability for irrigation purposes during July, August, and September.

The Bayesian approach was employed. The optimal action or decision was first determined …

Factors Influencing The Performance Of Bromoxynil 4(2,4-Db), Or A Companion Crop For Weed Control In Seedling Alfalfa, Ferrin D. Leavitt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Some of the factors influencing the performance of bromoxynil, 4(2,4-DB), or a companion crop for weed control in seedling alfalfa were studied in the greenhouse and at field locations in Farmington and Logan, Utah. The effect of application rate, stage of growth, temperature, and soil moisture on the phytotoxicity of bromoxynil and 4(2,4-DB) to alfalfa and weeds were studied.

Alfalfa yields were increased by 4(2,4-DB) at all rates and stages of application. All rates and stages of bromoxynil treatment except the one-fourth pound per acre three to four trifoliate application resulted in alfalfa yields below that of the control.

The …

The Secondary School Principal's Role In Professional Negotiations As Perceived By Representatives Of Utah's Educational Enterprise, Paul H. Lefevor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which congruent role expectations on 50 selected variables were held for the secondary school principal about his role in professional administration and in collective negotiations by representatives of Utah's educational enterprise. The selected variables describe certain possible functions performed by the principal and were subgrouped into nine topic headings that were tested by use of the null hypothesis method. The nine topic variables were: (A) Instruction and Curriculum Development, (B) Personnel Staffing and Placement , (C) Pupil Arrangement and Control, (D) Public Relations, (E) School Building Management and Finance, …

The Annual Demography Of A Population Of Antelope Ground Squirrels In Curlew Valley, Utah, James R. Kitts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The annual demography of a population of antelope ground squirrels in Curlew Valley, Utah was studied by measuring population density, natality, and mortality. Capture- recapture techniques yielded lower estimates than the Hayne strip- census. The estimates suggested 1968 was a year of population decline.

One hundred seventy- three squirrels were collected and autopsied to obtain sex ratio, age structure, natality, and mortality data. The seasonal sex ratios for adult and yearling squirrels showed 82 percent females in spring 1968, this gradually changed to 56 percent by winter. The seasonal sex ratios of the young squirrels showed 59 percent females upon …

Seed Response Under Snow On A Subalpine Range In Central Utah, Alvin T. Bleak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The response of grass, forb, and shrub seeds to the subalpine environment during the fall and under winter snow and under laboratory conditions at 20/28 C was observed for 3 consecutive years at an elevation of about 3000m on the Wasatch Plateau in central Utah.

Seeds in nylon sleeves were planted under 2 cm of soil before snowfall. Under snow plantings were made directly on the soil surface and under 2 cm of soil. The seeds planted before snowfall were removed each year on four occasions: when under snow plantings were made, after snow depth exceeded 130 cm (deep snow), …

Seasonal Utilization Of Sago Pondweed By Waterfowl At Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah, Michael R. Sterling

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Seasonal utilization of sago pondweed (Potamogeton pectinatus L.) by waterfowl was studied at Bear River Miqratory Bird Refuge by comparing amounts of sago production on a series of plots on Unit Four. One plot was available to carp and waterfowl; one only to carp; and one available to neither.

The cage used to eliminate carp and waterfowl use of a plot caused a significant increase in sago production. The increase was attributed to less turbidity and less wind and wave action within the cage.

Carp distribution was limited to deep-water portions of Unit Four, a small area, and …

A Study Of Root Biomass In An Engeimann Spruce-Subalpine Fir Stand In Northern Utah, Larry O. Gadt

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Biomass of roots in the top 6 inches of soil profile was measured . This weight was then used in a stepwise multiple regression to test correlations between root biomass and above ground merisurational parameters.

Total biomass of all roots was 9822 ± 2810 pounds per acre oven dry. Spruce roots weighed 4417 ± 997 pounds per acre; of this spruce roots less than 0.125 inch diameter weighed 2023 ± 347 pounds per acre and biomass of spruce roots greater than 0.125 inch diameter was 2394 ± 8S3 pounds per acre. Total fir roots weighed Sl56 ± 2687 pounds per …

A Study Of Insects Attacking Pinus Flexilis James Cones In Cache National Forest, Thomas Evan Nebeker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Six species of insects were found attacking limber pine cones from July 26, 1968, through October 4, 1969, in Cache National Forest. The three species considered of major importance are: Conophthorus flexilis Hopkins, Dioryctria abietella (D. & S.), and D. sp. near or disclusa Heinrich. The three minor species encountered are; Bradysia sp., Trogoderma parabile Beal, and Asynapta keeni (Foote). In addition to the major and minor cone pests three parasites, Apanteles sp. prob. starki Mason, Elacherus sp., and Hypopteromalus percussor Girault were found associated with the cone pests.

C. flexilis, which completely destroys the cone, was ranked as …

The Effects Of Cholinergic And Adrenergic Chemicals On Drinking Behavior (Thirst), G. Ron Norton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Because of inconsistencies in the research literature following Grossman's (1960) demonstration that drinking behavior (thirst) could be modulated by intrahypothalamic injections of adrenergic and cholinergic chemicals, a series of studies were undertaken to clarify the relation between introducing chemicals into the brain and drinking behaviors.

The first study attempted to determine the effect of water deprivation on post-deprivation drink sequencing. It has been demonstrated that 75% - 90% of the water consumed by normal rats is taken during the evening hours (Fitzsimmons, 1957; Stellar & Hill, 1952). Grossman's (1960; 1962a) studies failed to consider normal drinking rhythms and consequently modulated …

Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage On Specific Biochemical Changes In Apricot And Peach Fruits, Bartley Norman Wankier

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of controlled atmosphere storage vs conventional refrigerated storage on the metabolism of Moorpark and Large Early Montgamet apricot and Elberta peach fruits were studied. The controlled atmospheres studied were 0.0 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; 2.5 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; 5.0 percent CO₂-2.5 percent O₂; 7.5 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; as compared to conventional refrigerated storage. Nitrogen percent was assumed to be the difference between the total CO₂ and O₂ content minus 100.

Fruits were periodically removed from the storage and …

The Effects Of Sources And Levels Of Vitamin A And D On Some Aspects Of Sulfur Metabolism, Akbar Malekpour

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two trials were conducted using 48 infant pigs of both sexes. Pigs were taken from the sow when three to seven days old and placed in wire-bottomed metal cages by pairs. Animals in the first trial received synthetic diets containing 100 or 1000 international units of ergocalciferol and 1000 or 4000 international units of retinyl acetate or four or sixteen milligrams of beta carotene per kilogram of feed. Baby pigs in the second trial received the same synthetic diet plus 1000 international units of ergocalciferol (D₂) or cholecalciferol (D₃) and 2000 international units of vitamin A …

Bench Marks From Which Economic Change Can Be Measured For An Altiplano Community, Roberto Julio Gonzalez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is designed to establish bench marks which will facilitate the measurement of impacts of new crop and livestock extension practices on the rate of community development of the village of Achica Bajo, Bolivia. Successful agricultural extension and community development programs require adequate data at the farm and community level. In the absence of a real appreciation for the levels of income and financial needs of the campesinos, it is difficult to institute farm policies such as land tax measures which will have the desired impacts and consequences as well as peasant acceptance.

The study examines human and …

Stomach Capacity, Digestion Rate, And 24-Hour Consumption Rate For The Bear Lake Sculpin (Cottus Extensus), Joseph H. Williamson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A curvilinear regression model was used to determine an expected stomach capacity for any size Bear Lake sculpin with a standard length between 4-9.5 centimeters. Stomach contents were then expressed as a percent fullness and the change in percent fullness with time intervals was used to compute an instantaneous digestion rate. The instantaneous consumption rate was computed by the formula C=log P₁ - log P₀ +d, where C = instantaneous consumption rate. The amount of food consumed during a time interval was computed from the formula I_t=C_tS_t, where I_t=amount of …

The Effect Of Chemical Competition On Thermodynamics Of Bacterial Adsorption, Deorao R. Khairnar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of chemical competition on thermodynamics of bacterial adsorption. This was done using an experimental system consisting of Mendon silt loam soil as the adsorbent, Staphylococcus aureus as a common adsorbate and sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and peptone as competitive adsorbates.

The bacterial adsorption on soil both with and without chemical competition followed Langmuir type isotherms. From the equilibrium data, thermodynamic functions such as free energy, ΔF°, enthalpy, ΔH°, and entropy, ΔS°, were calculated. Observed positive ΔH° values indicated that the bacterial uptake in both noncompetitive and competitive …

Magnesium Ion Inhibition Of Calcium Carbonate Precipitation And Its Relation To Water Quality, John J. Hassett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of Mg⁺⁺ ion on the solubility of calcium carbonate was determined using P. K. Weyls "carbonate saturometer."

The amount of calcium carbonate precipitated or dissolved was measured for five series of waters when equilibrated with solid carbonate.

It was found that the effect of Mg⁺⁺ ion on solubility depend upon the nature of the solid phase: surface area, coprecipitated Mg⁺⁺, minerology, etc.

Pure low area calcite showed an increase in solubility which could be explained by ion-pair formation, while its other carbonates departed from this behavior.

The Development Of The Endogenous Stages Of Eimeria Ninakohlyakimovae (Yakimoff And Rastegaieff, 1930) In Domestic Sheep, Richard S. Wacha

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Forty-five mixed breed lambs, 1 to 4 months of age, were used to study the patent period and endogenous stages in the life cycle of Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae. The lambs were inoculated with oocysts of this species and killed at daily intervals from 1 through 14 days after inoculation. From all lambs of the study sections of intestinal tissue were prepared by routine methods for histological examination.

E. ninakohlyakimovaewas observed to have 2 generations of schizonts in its endogenous development. Mature, first-generation schizonts had an average diameter of about 290 μ and had many thousands of merozoites, averaging 11.9 …

Growth Of Eimeria Alabamensis From Cattle In Vitro And The Changes In Fine Structure Associated With Schizogony, J. Robert Sampson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Monolayer primary cultures of cells from bovine embryonic intestine (BEint), kidney (BEK), spleen (BES), and thyroid (BET) and cell line cultures of embryonic bovine trachea ( EBTr) and synovium (BESy)as well as established cell line cultures of Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK), human intestine (Int 407), and Syrian hamster kidney (BHK-21) were inoculated with freshly excysted sporozoites of Eimeria alabamensis and observed for 4 days. Sporozoites penetrated all cell types during the first 24 hours in culture. Numerous intracellular sporozoites, trophozoites, and binucleate schizonts were seen in all cell cultures except Int 407. The best development occurred in BES and MDBK …