Digital Commons Network^™

Assay And Control Of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Development In Cheddar Cheese Slurries, Niranjan R. Gandhi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Attempts were made to adapt the microtiter hemagglutination inhibition assay technique for the assay of enterotoxin A. The presence of a potent hemagglutinin in crude and partially purified preparations and the instability of sensitized erythrocytes prevented its use for routine analysis of enterotoxin from culture media and foods.

A capillary tube immunological assay was developed in which 1 μ g of enterotoxin/ml was detected in less than 1 hr . Interfacial reaction of antisera and enterotoxin solutions in a 1 mm internal diameter capillary tube allowed rapid detection and serological typing of enterotoxins.

Staphylococcus aureus growth and enterotoxin A development …

Essential Tyrosine Residues In Calf Liver Uridine Diphosphoglucose Pyrophosphorylase, E.C. 2.7.7.9., Robert Carl Bachmann

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The catalytic necessity of tyrosine residues in uridine diphospho- glucose pyrophosphorylase [E.C. 2.7.7.9] was investigated. Chemical modification of the pyrophosphorylase by N-acetylimidazole indicated that tyrosine residues were essential for activity. Approximately 23 of 112 tyrosines per molecule of 475,000 Daltons could be 0-acetylated. Solvent perturbation difference spectroscopy supported this number of exposed tyrosine side chains and in conjunction with chemical modification indicated that at least 11 to 12 tyrosyl residues per protein molecule are fully exposed. it her subst rate, uridine t riphosphate or uridine diphosphoglucose, afforded significant protection against inactivation by N-acetylimidazole.

The significance of these tyrosine residues is …

Formation And Control Of Chlorophyll And Solanine In Tubers Of Solanum Tuberosum, L. And Evaluation Of Solanine Toxicity, Bhaskarrao C. Patil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Chlorophyll and solanine syntheses as influenced by cultivars, specific gravities, light intensities, and duration of exposure to light were studied in potato (Solanum tuberosum, L.) tubers. Chemicals, gamma radiation, clear polyethylene packaging in 15 per cent CO₂, and storage at subatmospheric pressure were employed to control the formation of these two compounds. The toxicity of solanine to mice, the fungus Trichoderma viride, and cholinesterase inhibition patterns in rabbits and a dog were evaluated. The influence of the central nervous system stimulating drugs was investigated to find if they counteracted solanine toxicity.

Of the 11 cultivars …

Study Of Air Cell Migration And The Effect Of Whipping Temperature On The Overrun, Body And Storage Stability Of A Dairy-Based Frozen Whipped Topping, William J. Locker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A dairy-based whipped topping consisting of 22.0 percent milk fat, 7.5 percent milk solids-not-fat, 12.0 percent sucrose, 10.0 percent corn syrup solids, 0.60 percent gum arabic, 0.06 percent carrageenin, 0.19 percent polyoxyethylene sorbitan rnonostearate, 0.19 percent polyoxythylene sorbitan tristearate, and 0.12 percent sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate was developed that would withstand the rigors of frozen storage. The best products were obtained when the topping was whipped on a Creamery Package 3M-30 continuous type ice cream freezer. Toppings whipped in the laboratory at temperatures higher or lower than -2.2 to -1.0 centigrade were weak and slightly wet. After 18 days frozen storage the …

Hybrid Computer Modeling Of The Hydro-Salinity Flow System Within A River Basin, Duane R. Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

As demands upon available water supplies increase, there is an accompanying increase in the need to assess the downstream consequences resulting from changes in the upstream hydrologic system and salinity flow system.

Since the burden of water quantity and quality maintenance must be shared by the users, predictions are needed for quantity and quality changes which might result from contemplated development at any specified location within the river system. A close relationship between the hydrologic and salinity flow systems exist, thus making it necessary for an understanding of both systems in order to properly manage the salinity system.

This study …

Simulation Of The Dynamics Of Erodible Streams, Kousoum S. Sakhan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The movement of translatory waves over an erodible stream has a critical influence on the time of rise of the hydrograph which, in turn, affects the stability of the stream channel. In the present study, the movement of these flood waves is described by the one-dimensional equations of continuity and motion which are obtained by the space integration of the three-dimensional equation of continuity and Reynolds equations. The flow of suspended sediment is described by a one-dimensional dispersion equation which is derived from a three-dimensional equation of conservation of solid mass in the flow. With some modifications the one-dimensional dispersion …

Tissue Mineral Imbalances In Cattle With Brisket Disease, Patricia H. Field

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twenty four cattle, six each of healthy cows and calves, and cows and calves with brisket disease, were obtained, examined and slaughtered. The concentrations of calcium, chloride, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, phosphorus, potassium, sodium and zinc; and percent absolute dry matter and percent ash were determined in tissues selected from the following: cardiac, hepatic, renal, osseous, whole blood and blood serum. In addition, certain physical and biological parameters were recorded for each animal. The results were analyzed as a 2 x 2 factorial, segregating the effects of age and brisket disease, and the age-disease interaction.

The following statistically significant …

The Prediction Of Sales Success Among B. F. Goodrich Territory Managers, Richard F. Fail

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The B. F. Goodrich Company spends considerable money selecting and training territory managers. The hiring of territory managers generally rests with local management's "intuition." Since 1967, a substantial percentage of these highly trained salesmen have separated from the company. It was within this attrition context, that an exploratory, objective, selection program was studied.

A multiple discriminant function (multigroup model) was used to analyze three groups of B. F. Goodrich Territory Managers' California Psychology Inventory and Edwards Personal Preference Schedule test scores.

The data revealed that known territory managers' group membership could be significantly predicted. A longitudinal study (one year later) …

A Follow-Up Of Decision Changes From The Act Profile For Freshmen At Usu, Brent M. Hinze

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Decision making and decision changes were studied in late adolescents regarding post-high school choices. A branching questionnaire was constructed and mailed to 1239 late adolescents who during the preceding year had indicated on the American College Test (ACT) that Utah State University (USU) was their first choice for college attendance, but whose names did not appear on the USU Registrar's list of enrolled freshmen, Fall 1969. 62% of the questionnaires were returned. Questions were asked concerning post-high school decision making and decision change:

1. What alternatives to attendance at USU were chosen?
2. Was the alternative chosen college-related or was the change …

Utilization Of Phoneme-Grapheme Relative Frequency Data As An Effective Method Of Developing Reading Materials For Navajo Students, Wesley K. Roberts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis suggests a new method of developing reading materials for Navajo students. The core of this method is based on phoneme- grapheme relative frequency correspondence data.

A short story was phonetically edited and rewritten using the phoneme-grapheme relative frequency method. This short story was one of the major products of the thesis.

This short story and three other short stories previously phonically rewritten, were presented in both this form and in original text to 38 Navajo students for reading.

Reading speed and reading comprehension were measured for each student on the short stories. The students performed with superior reading …

Its Reevaluation And Improvement As Related To A Profile Analysis Classification System, Mark A. Skovron

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Over the first half of the present study the Mini-Mult (MM₁), a brief form of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), was compared with the standard MMPI in relation to eleven criteria classifications. These criteria were composed of the profile analysis classifications of Marks and Seeman (1963). Pearson product-moment correlations between the MM₁ and MMPI failed to reach statistical significance for any of the eleven criteria.

As based on the information gained, a correction factor was devised and added to the MM₁. Subsequently, the second half of the study involved a comparison between the HMPI …

Rural-Urban Personality Differences In Utah Adolescents As Measured By The Cpi, Benjamin K. Nelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The CPI (California Psychological Inventory) was administered to 395 high school students to determine if personality differences exist between rural and urban adolescents in Utah. Of those tested, 219 were selected from three rural schools and 176 were selected from three urban schools.

Ten of the eighteen individual scales of the CPI showed differences between rural and urban students at the P < .05 level. Two of the four classes of scales showed differences at the P < .01 level, and the other two classes showed differences significant at the P < .05 level. In each case where significant differences were found, the differences favored the urban students. The results of this study indicate that the urban students in Utah tend to have more positive personality characteristics than the rural students.

The Effects Of A Token Economy On Epileptic Seizure Rates, Frederick Hjalmer Lindberg

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Past studies have shown that a relationship may exist between certain forms of epileptic seizures and specific environmental stimuli. This relationship is not well understood. The objective of this study was to assess this relationship by determining the effect of a selected token economy on seizure rates. The token economy utilized in this study may differ from token economies described in the literature as it employed certain punishers. This was done by dividing the study into three experiments.

During Experiment I three severe epileptics were exposed to a series of conditions including baseline, token economy condition and baseline. During the …

College Level Career Counseling, Ain Roost

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was designed to examine and evaluate vocational decision making and counseling at Utah State University and to provide a basis for further research. A written questionnaire was given to a random sample of 500 college students on the Utah State University campus.

It was found that over 15% of freshmen could not express a vocational choice, and of those who could,their commitment to it was weaker than the other classes. Immediate family, friends and college professors were the most influential people in making a career choice, with the influence of college counselors being almost negligible. Other than influential …

The Development Of Career Activities For Fourth Grade Students, Barbara P. M. Southwick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Today's youth have few real contacts with the work world and have little knowledge of what is expected from them. Many grade school youngsters are not aware of the type of work their parents are doing. Some do not even know where their parents work. It is difficult for most elementary students to see the relationship between their present school activities and their future life. And all too often, students can not express personal goals or plans.

As students become more aware of the world of work, they should be better prepared to enter it and they should also develop …

Self-Imposed Delays Of Reinforcement In Conjunctive Schedules, Daniel M. Mccarthy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This experiment examined the role of delays of reinforcement in producing the response pattern generated by fixed interval (FI) schedules. Conjunctive schedules which required one response and maintained a 100 sec interreinforcement interval were used. These schedules permitted a variable delay of reinforcement to separate the last response in each interval from reinforcement. The maximum delay was specified, however, by specifying the percentage of the interval which must elapse before responses counted toward reinforcement. Maximum delays of 100, 95, 75, 50, 25, 5 and 0 seconds were examined and their effects on response rate, response distribution, and post-reinforcement pause were …

A Survey Of The Selecting And Governing Of Girls' Precision Drill Teams In Selected High Schools In Utah, Jean M. Workman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A survey was taken of selected high schools in Utah to determine their methods of selecting girls for a drill team and also how they organize and govern these groups.

There are similarities in the requirements the girls have to meet in order to be selected: age limit, grade average , skill, rhythm, coordination and flexibility. Most schools have tryouts, but not all. Those that do, have some pre-training before tryouts.

Some of the schools just use class time for practice while others include before and after school. Summer practice is held by most of the schools varying from two …

Administration Of Utah's Governmental Immunity Act By Utah's School Districts, Steven Howard Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Purpose

Since the Utah Governmental Immunity Act went into effect on July 1, 1966, the experience of Utah's school districts under the law was not known. For the purpose of determining the experience of Utah's districts in administering the law and to determine the adequacy of the law, this study was undertaken.

Procedures

To accomplish the purpose of this study, a questionnaire was sent to each of Utah's 40 school districts. Instructions were sent with the questionnaire indicating that the writer would be making contact either by telephone or a personal interview to assist in filling out the questionnaire. A …

A Comparison Of Speech Audiometric Performance Of Hypacusics With Clinic-Fitted Hearing Aids And With Master Hearing Aid, Kent Jay Nielsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Clinical audiologists at Utah State University have been using a master hearing aid as a basic part of hearing aid evaluation procedures. To ascertain the usefulness of the master hearing aid in predicting patient success with a wearable hearing aid, 20 subjects were given speech audiometric tests under the following conditions: (1) without amplification; (2) with the headset system of the master hearing aid (a system which utilizes chassis mounted microphones and external receivers of the type used with body-worn hearing aids); (3) with the ear-level system of the master hearing aid (a system which utilizes a microphone and receiver …

The Surface Movement Of A New S-Triazine Herbicide From Treated Cropland And Its Environmental Effects, Zeldon A. Nelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Six days following the application of 1.5 and 3.0 lb/A of 2- methoxy-4-sec.-butylamino-6-ethylamino-s-triazine (GS-14254) to established plots of alfalfa, water samples were collected at several distances from the plots and analyzed for herbicide residues with a Beckman DB-G grating spectrophotometer. The data indicate that GS-14254 is transported in small amounts but that the concentrations in the runoff water decline rapidly with increased distance from the treated areas and time.

S-14254 produced no visual injury symptoms of leaf chlorosis or plant stunting on alfalfa at the two rates used. However, some initial injury has been reported by other workers. …

Effects Of Land Use On Water Quality: Summit Creek, Smithfield, Utah, David W. Meyers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of various land uses on water quality in Summit Creek were evaluated during the period beginning March 13, 1971 and ending October 27, 1971. Potential sources of pollution investigated were: (1) septic tank use, (2) feedlot runoff, (3) urban runoff, (4) rural runoff.

Samples were collected from five sampling stations on 16 separate days during the sampling period. Analyses were performed to determine the following constituents: ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, coliform bacteria, chloride, suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, total carbon, organic carbon, temperature and pH.

Agricultural activities, including livestock feedlot operations, were identified as the major …

Costs And Returns From Milk Production In El Vigia Area In The State Of Merida, Venezuela, 1969, Gustavo Perez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An analysis of costs and receipts associated with the production of manufacturing milk in El Vigia area of Venezuela was the focus of this study. A personal interview survey of a sample of dairy farm operators was conducted.

Averages for costs, receipts, and net returns were calculated by size groups. Tabular analysis was used to study relationships between size and other factors and net return.

Net return per cow was positive on the average, but the study indicated a general need for improved levels of production. Size of operation and capital investment were two factors found to be associated with …

The Influence Of Atmospheric Dust And Foliar Leachates On The Chemical Quality Of Throughfall In Northern Utah, Dennis R. Parent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the summer of 1971 a research project was carried out in an attempt to determine the influence of dust and leachates on rainfall quality. Open precipitation collectors, collectors under polyethylene screens, collectors under Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and juniper (Juniperus scopulorum), and leaf analyses were used to determine the relative effects of these two processes by which chemicals are incorporated into the rainwater. All samples were analyzed for sodium (Na⁺), calcium (Ca⁺⁺), magnesium (Mg⁺⁺), potassium (K⁺), and available phosphorus. Under the trees, sodium concentrations increased as much as …

Effects Of Selected Herbicides On Perennial Grasses And Water Pollution Under Tropical, High Rainfall Condition, Richard L. Chase

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The following herbicides were evaluated for their effect on perennial grasses and water pollution in El Salvador, Central America: MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate), DSMA (disodium methanearsonate), cacodylic acid (hydroxydimethylarsine oxide), paraquat (1 ,1 'dimethyl- 4,4'-bipyridinium ion), dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), amitrole (3-amino-s-triazole), atrazine (2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)- s-triazine), diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea), and karbutilate (m-(3,3-dimethylureido)phenyl-t-butylcarbamate), The herbicides were sprayed on drainage channels at different dosage levels, Some plots received one application, others received two, and still others received three applications.

All herbicides except atrazine effectively controlled perennial grasses, Cacodylic acid was the most effective contact chemical, with dosage levels of 7 and 10 kg/ha achieving 77 percent …

An Isolation And Partial Purification Of A Small Tobacco Mosaic Virus Nucleoprotein Unit And A Study Of Its Polymerization By Carbodiimides, Alicia Bruna De Tosso

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A small tobacco mosaic virus nucleoprotein unit, thought to be the basic infectious unit of TMV, was isolated and purified from systemically-infected Turkish tobacco leaves. This small TMV particle was characterized by a doughnut shaped form as shown in the electron micrographs and by the induction of gray lesions when inoculated on Scotia bean leaves. Four carbodiimides, organic chemical condensing reagents, were compared for effectiveness in inducing polymerization of this starting material into longer rod-shaped viral particles. Dicyclohexyl carbodiimide, a wax-like solid, was found to be the most suitable reagent when used with an organic solvent such as ethanol in …

Effects Of Six Herbicides On Three Common Fresh Water Algae, Mridulika Virmani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Six herbicides (diuron, karbutilate, propham, chloropropham, atrazine and simazine) were tested for their effects on Chlorocuccum hypnosporum, Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Anabaena sp. Experiments were conducted to determine minimum lethal dosages, algicidal versus algistatic concentrations and the uptake of ¹⁴CO₂ fixation by diuron containing cultures, as well as the uptake of radioactive diuron.

All three investigated species have shown a high degree of sensitivity to diuron at or below 1 ppm. Karbutilate was found to inhibit the growth of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Anabaena sp. at lower concentrations than were required in the case of Chlorococcum hypnosporum.

Chloropropham …

A Taxonomic Study Of Single Spikelet Elymus Species Of Western United States, Earl R. Jensen Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two single-spikelet species, including three varieties, of naturally occurring wild-ryes of the genus Elymus native to the Rocky Mountain and Intermountain West were investigated using morphological, anatomical, ecological, and cytogenetical methods to determine their biosystematic relationships.

One species, Elymus ambiguus Vasey and Scribn., was found to be a distinct species without any recognizable varieties. This species had been previously recognized with three varieties.

One taxon, Elymus salina (C. L. Hitchc.) E. Jensen, often considered a variety of Elymus ambiguus, was found to be a distinct species. It shared features with both Elymus ambiguus and Elymus salina but was sufficiently …

Induction And Initial Characterization Of Male-Sterile Mutants On The Second Chromosome Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Susan M. Graves

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fourteen recessive, male-sterile, autosomal mutants of Drosophila melanogaster were induced using ethyl methanesulfonate. The techniques employed restricted the recovery of mutants to those located on the second chromosome. Eleven of the mutants were male-sterile at 23°C, and the remaining three, though fertile at 23°C, were male-sterile at 28°C. Complementation tests involving all possible pairs of mutations showed each to be located in a unique cistron.

Spermiogenesis in each mutant was studied by light microscopy to determine the stage at which cellular differentiation deviates from normal and to characterize the associated gross abnormalities. Phase contrast microscopy showed that each mutant sterile …

Inorganic Mercury Uptake And Mercury Tolerance Demonstrated By Several Species Of Algae, Daniel S. Filip

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The inhibition by low concentrations of inorganic mercury has been established for several species of freshwater algae, and a method has been developed to determine mercury levels in algal cells, having good precision at levels as low as one hundred parts per billion.

Rapid sorption of inorganic mercury by glassware was minimized by using heavy algal cultures and short term incubations. The rates and extent of mercury uptake by three species of freshwater green algae were delineated under laboratory conditions. Replicate mercury containing cultures yielded slightly different mercury concentrations upon analysis due to analytical errors and glass sorption. Therefore, percent …

Xanthium Strumarium L.: Extraction And Assay Of Floral Promotive Principles And Additional Investigations Into Inhibition Of Flowering, David D. Gibby

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

New techniques in extraction and assay of florigenic substances were tested. Initial response to the buffer-PVP extracts proved promising, but after several successful experiments, results could not be duplicated. Possible reasons for the failure are discussed.

A long-day inhibitory effect, demonstrated earlier by Gibby and Salisbury (25), was further investigated. Experiments with ¹⁴C-labled assimilates disproved the hypothesis that the inhibition is a result of assimilate translocation. Other experiments pointed to the probability of phytochrome involvement as well as protein synthesis as part of the inhibitory process. The nature of inhibition was ascribed to a localized inhibitory condition, probably a …