Digital Commons Network^™

Fresh Vs Frozen In Vitro Fertilization Treatment Rules In Multicenter Trials: Machine Learning Under Heterogeneity, Yining Zhou

Public Health Theses

Fresh versus frozen embryo transfer does not have a single answer across all IVF populations, which raises the possibility of individualized treatment selection. This thesis examined whether baseline patient characteristics could be used to develop individualized treatment rules for fresh versus frozen embryo transfer using pooled multicenter randomized trial data.

The analysis used individual-level data from four randomized controlled IVF trials conducted in China, with live birth as the primary outcome. Two primary models were evaluated: a prespecified clinically informed logistic regression model with selected spline terms and treatment interactions, and a neural-network S-learner. Performance was assessed using internal-external cross-validation, …

Gerd Mastery For The Advanced Practice Provider: A Train-The Trainer Program, Gwen M. Cassidy

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

AbstractGERD Mastery for the Advanced Practice Provider: A Train-The Trainer Program

Background: This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addressed a specialty-care gap in gastroenterology driven by the projected U.S. shortage of ~1,630 gastroenterology physicians. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a high prevalence and cost burden as is, but delayed treatment can further increase costs (Barrett’s esophagus ~$8,755/year; esophageal adenocarcinoma ~$146,391/year) and patient morbidity.

Purpose: To develop and implement “GERD Mastery for the Advanced Practice Provider,” an evidence-based train-the-trainer (TTT) program to increase guideline-concordant GERD knowledge and train others. Methods: In partnership with a national organization, a Plan–Do–Study–Act framework guided …

A Model For Virtually Integrated Care In A Long-Term Care Hospital: Improving Nurse Satisfaction While Reducing Overtime Costs, Lisa Kalafus

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

AbstractA Model for Virtually Integrated Care in a Long-Term Care Hospital: Improving Nurse Satisfaction while Reducing Overtime Costs Challenges related to workforce shortages, along with recruitment and retention are projected to continue for years to come as the need for health care grows and the demand for nurses exceeds the supply. Hospitals must continue to focus on the reduction of nurse turnover and proactively address underlying causes of nurse dissatisfaction. Increased workload has a negative impact on job satisfaction. The documentation requirements alone are considered a top indicator of nurse workload and take a significant amount of time away from …

Mental Health Screening And Referral For Adults Experiencing Homelessness, Jennifer Lee Ramsey

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Mental health disorders affect 26–50% of the 541,484 adults experiencing homelessness in the United States, with a bidirectional relationship between homelessness and mental illness that perpetuate each other, reinforcing difficulties maintaining housing and employment, straining relationships, worsening psychiatric symptoms, and increasing barriers to care. (Nilsson et al., 2024; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2023; Fazel et al., 2014; National Coalition for the Homeless, 2017; Saldua, 2024).This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addresses these disparities by developing and implementing a mental health screening and referral program at a homeless shelter. The program used the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), …

Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 2026-2027, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 122, Number 16

September 5, 2026

Employment Preferences Of Favela Residents, Mayara Felix, Beatriz Marcoje, Ieda Matavelli, Maria Clara Rodrigues

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We document employment preferences of workers at the margin of informality using open-ended questions and discrete choice experiments in Brazil’s largest favela complex. Stated preferences emphasize pay and tangible job benefits rather than meaning or purpose, while primary complaints center on poor management, customers, and inflexible schedules. Workers exhibit high valuations for all formal sector amenities on average—unemployment insurance, parental leave, and termination notice—as well as for learning opportunities, but lower for non-formal sector amenities such as shorter commutes. Valuations vary systematically by employment sector in ways consistent with sorting: formal workers value formal amenities most, the self-employed value them …

Clean Rides, Healthy Lives: The Impact Of Electric Vehicle Adoption On Air Quality And Infant Health, Cavit Baran, Janet Currie, Bahadır Dursun, Erdal Teki

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper provides the first nationwide U.S. evidence on the effects of electric vehicle (EV) adoption on air quality and child health. Using county-level data from 2010–2021, we link EV registrations to air pollution, birth outcomes, and emergency department visits. Endogenous adoption is addressed using two-way fixed effects and an instrumental variables strategy exploiting the rollout of federally designated Alternative Fuel Corridors. Greater EV adoption significantly lowers nitrogen dioxide and improves infant and child health, reducing very low birth weight, prematurity, and asthma-related emergency visits. The largest health gains occur in high-pollution areas and exceed $1.2–$4.0 billion annually.

The First 1000 Days And Beyond: The Process Of Child Development, Orazio Attanasio

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper reviews recent developments in the economics of human development, focusing on the early years of life as a critical period for shaping long-term outcomes. Early childhood development is inherently multidimensional: cognitive and socioemotional skills evolve dynamically and interact with health, nutrition, and environmental influences. Economists have contributed to this field by providing a conceptual unifying framework that highlights how key drivers of development reflect the choices of individuals operating under incentives and constraints. Within this framework, the paper emphasizes two central challenges: understanding the interactions among multiple dimensions of development and identifying causal links—particularly the effects of different …

It’S Giving Nonfactive Small Clause Selection, David Garsten

Yale Working Papers in Grammatical Diversity

In this paper I examine the syntax and semantics of English nonfactive verbs, bare nominals, and small clauses through the colloquial constructions it’s giving and screams+NP. I aim to explain the formality of nonfactives with DP small clauses in American English, as well as the informality of bare nominals in adjectival positions. First I propose a semantics for two nonfactive heads: v_ATT and v_EVI. I demonstrate that all variation in the selection of English small clause type can be reduced to selection by category, and that these nonfactive heads have lost the ability to c-select for …

Addendum To The Mapbook Of Syntactic Variation In American English: Survey Results, 2020–2021, Jim Wood, Guilherme M. C. Pereira

Yale Working Papers in Grammatical Diversity

This paper presents an addendum to the Mapbook of Syntactic Variation in American English (Wood et al. 2020), reporting the results of additional acceptability-judgment surveys conducted by the Yale Grammatical Diversity Project in 2020–2021. Using the same survey design, data-processing pipeline, and mapping techniques as the original mapbook, we extend the empirical record to a new set of syntactic constructions, including additional uses of hella, causal where, the alternative one construction, intensificational fully, and several cases of object omission with transitive verbs, which we call “lonely transitives”. As in the original work, we provide geospatial visualizations of …

The Other Side Of Rousseau’S Political Theology: The Influence Of Plutarch And Calvin On The Profession Of Faith Of The Savoyard Vicar, Thomas Daniel Moore

Yale Divinity School Theses

This thesis examines Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Profession of Faith of the Savoyard Vicar, paying particular attention philosophic influences of the Vicar, especially as pertains to metaphysics. It fills a void in the scholarship, as there is not much work in general–and especially in recent years–on the relationship between Plutarch, Calvin, and Rousseau. Indeed, although Rousseau’s love for Plutarch is often acknowledged, it is seldom explored; and, when it is explored, it is typically only with an eye to the political realm, and never the metaphysical dimension. Calvin, when mentioned in association with Rousseau at all, is typically interpreted as a minor …

I Can’T Even With This Thesis: A Syntactic And Pragmatic Analysis, Ester Luna

Yale Working Papers in Grammatical Diversity

This project focuses on the construction I can’t even, a sentence coined in the early 2000s that expresses a speaker’s strong emotion to the point where they are lost for words. The most typical emotion conveyed using I can’t even is exasperation, as in example (1), but it can also be an indication of extreme happiness, like in (2).

• (1) He tried to get my number AGAIN. I can’t even.
• (2) You came all the way from New York to watch me perform? I can’t even.

While the modal can and the adverb even normally require the …

Information Revelation In Constant-Sum Games: Elections And Beyond, Navin Kartik, Francesco Squintani, Katrin Tinn

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We study two-player constant-sum Bayesian games with type-independent payoffs. Under a “completeness” statistical condition, any “identifiable” equilibrium is an ex-post equilibrium. We apply this result to a Downsian election in which office-motivated candidates possess private information about policy consequences. The ex-post property implies a sharp bound on information aggregation: equilibrium voter welfare is at best equal to the efficient use of a single candidate’s information. In canonical specifications, politicians may “anti-pander” (overreact to their information), whereas some degree of pandering would be socially beneficial. We discuss other applications of the ex-post result.

Lessons Learned: Andreas Verykios And Kostas Tsatsaronis, Mercedes Cardona

Journal of Financial Crises

Andreas Verykios was appointed in 2018 to lead the board of directors of the General Council of the Hellenic Financial Stability Fund (HFSF), an independent special purpose vehicle created to stabilize the Greek banking sector in the wake of the country’s debt crisis. The Greek economy was badly affected by the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the Sovereign Debt Crisis, when the government was found to have underreported its fiscal deficits and public debt. This led to a downgrade and eventual default of its sovereign bonds, requiring assistance from the European Commission. From 2010 through 2018, the commission implemented three …

Lessons Learned: Paul Tucker, Salil Gupta

Journal of Financial Crises

After joining the Bank of England (BoE) in 1980, Sir Paul Tucker held a number of positions of increasing responsibility including serving as a member of several key committees. Tucker played a crucial role in the BoE’s response to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) as director for markets, through March 2009, then as deputy governor of the bank until November 2013. Post-crisis, he has been instrumental in constructing the international regulatory framework on financial stability. From 2016 to 2021, Tucker also chaired the Systemic Risk Council.

Currently, Tucker is a research fellow at Harvard Kennedy School, Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business …

Lessons Learned: Ewald Nowotny, Maryanne Chute Lynch, Rosalind Z. Wiggins

Journal of Financial Crises

Ewald Nowotny was appointed governor of the National Bank of Austria in September 2008 at the start of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), having previously served as a vice president of the European Investment Bank in Luxembourg, the house bank of the European Union. Nowotny participated in the implementation of the multilateral stabilization framework known as the Vienna Initiative, which helped restore stability in the financial markets of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe during the GFC. Working with the Austrian Central Bank, the European Commission, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), he steered the Austrian economy away from recession. During …

Lessons Learned: Pedro Machado, Mercedes Cardona

Journal of Financial Crises

Pedro Machado began his career as a legal adviser to the European Central Bank in the years leading up the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), then joined the Bank of Portugal (BOP) in 2006, where he has held several positions. He was chief of staff to Portugal’s minister of state and finance in 2011, during the European Sovereign Debt Crisis, when the government negotiated a bailout with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Union. He returned to the BOP, as deputy director of the prudential supervision department, while the program was being implemented. The EUR 78 billion bailout was largely …

Central Bank Crisis Interventions: A Review Of The Recent Literature On Potential Costs, Patrick Aldridge, David A. Cimon, Rishi Vala

Journal of Financial Crises

Central banks may engage in large-scale lending and asset purchases to stabilize financial markets and implement monetary policy during crises. The ability of these actions to restore financial market functioning is well documented; however, they come with costs. We provide a literature review of the costs associated with these post-Global Financial Crisis central bank actions, without commenting on the net benefits they provide. We find support for the premise that crisis actions may negatively impact market liquidity, distort asset prices, increase rent-seeking and inefficient uses of the liquidity provided by the central bank, create international spillovers, and create distortions in …

Lutheran Music And The Thirty Years War: Confession, Politics, Devotion, Thomas Marks

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

A book review is presented for Lutheran Music and the Thirty Years War: Confession, Politics, Devotion, authored by Derek L. Stauff, by Thomas Marks.

The Politics Of Musical Time: Expanding Songs And Shrinking Markets In Bengali Devotional Performance, Jaime Jones

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

A book review is presented for The Politics of Musical Time: Expanding Songs and Shrinking Markets in Bengali Devotional Performance, authored by Eben Graves, by Jaime Jones.

Kalunga Crossings: Waterscapes Of Terror And "Teachment" In The African Atlantic World, Dianne M. Stewart, Tracey E. Hucks, Solimar Otero

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

In this article, we think alongside historian of religions Charles H. Long to analyze the relationship between water and empire, explore theoretical approaches to water and modernity, and probe the significance of water in Africana ecologies and spiritual cultures, highlighting its suggestive contributions to restorative epistemologies of ecological co-habitation. Our investigation advances an Africana religious framework of “waterscapes of terror and ‘teachment’” that centers diaspora bodies of water as loci for analyzing history, materiality, and ecological regard. Teachment is an anti-colonial linguistic irruption, an all-encompassing term for Africana pedagogies and epistemologies that defy antiblack and anti-African colonial instruction. Examining how …

Byzantine Theories Of Scale And Arab-Byzantine Chant Practices: A Comparative Analysis Proposing A New Resolution To The Theoretical System Of Chrysanthos Of Madytos, Rosy Azar

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

In 2015, Amine Beyhom published a book on Byzantine chant, in which he summarised all the existing theories, paying particular attention to the problematic reform of the Byzantine chant theory in 1881, and guiding the reader through the steps that led to that reform. Driven by the first ever comparison between Byzantine and Arabic modes that he had found in Mīkhāʾīl Mashāqa’s epistle, Beyhom first studied Chrysanthos of Madytos’ insight. He documented this research in detail and followed it with a practical comparison to demonstrate if theory is indeed applied or it acts only as prescriptive guide. He recorded and …

Olivier Messiaen’S "Première Communion De La Vierge" And The Translation Of Religious Meaning, Robert Sholl, Jean-Rodolphe Kars

Yale Journal of Music & Religion

This study creates a rich exegesis of “Première Communion de la Vierge” from Olivier Messiaen’s (1908–1992) piano cycle Vingt Regards sur l’Enfant-Jésus (1944) to show how Messiaen attempted to translate musical symbolism into religious meaning. The first two sections provide background and context on the work, revise previous scholarship, and show how this piece (no XI) functions as a theological hinge in the cycle. The genesis and sources of the Vingt Regards, using previously unavailable archival material, are examined to provide new insight into both the cycle and the “Première Communion.” The aesthetic scaffolding of this piece is then …

Replacement And Reputation, Navin Kartik, Elliot Lipnowski, Harry Pei

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Does electoral replacement ensure that officeholders eventually act in voters’ interests? We study a reputational model of accountability. Voters observe incumbents’ performance and decide whether to replace them. Politicians may be “good” types who always exert effort or opportunists who may shirk. We find that good long-run outcomes are always attainable, though the mechanism and its robustness depend on economic conditions. In environments conducive to incentive provision, some equilibria feature sustained effort, yet others exhibit some long-run shirking. In the complementary case, opportunists are never fully disciplined, but selection dominates: every equilibrium eventually settles on a good politician, yielding permanent …

Gender Gaps And Economic Growth: Why Haven't Women Won Globally (Yet)?, Patrick Agte, Orazio Attanasio, Pinelopi K. Goldberg, Charles Gottlieb, Aishwarya Lakshmi Ratan, Rohini Pande, Michael Peters, Charity Troyer Moore, Fabrizio Zilibotti

Discussion Papers

Globally women’s labor force participation lags that of men and women, on average, have lower labor market earnings than men. Does economic growth reduce gender disparities in labor market outcomes between women and men? Conversely, do gender inequalities in the labor market impede growth? To inform these questions, we conduct two analyses. First, we estimate regressions using harmonized data on gender gaps in a range of labor market outcomes from 153 countries spanning two decades (1998-2018). Second, we conduct a systematic review of the recent economics literature on gender gaps in labor markets, examining 16 journals over 21 years. Our …

Procurement Without Priors: A Simple Mechanism And Its Notable Performance, Dirk Bergemann, Tibor Heumann, Stephen Morris

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

How should a buyer design procurement mechanisms when suppliers’ costs are unknown, and the buyer does not have a prior belief? We demonstrate that notably simple mechanisms—those that share a constant fraction of the buyer utility with the seller—allow the buyer to realize a guaranteed positive fraction of the efficient social surplus across all possible costs. Moreover, a judicious choice of the share based on the known demand maximizes the surplus ratio guarantee that can be attained across all possible (arbitrarily complex and nonlinear) mechanisms and cost functions. Results apply to related nonlinear pricing and optimal regulation problems.

Enrolled Deeds As Records And Archives In Jamaica, Andrew Williams

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This paper examines the history of the enrolled deeds record series in Jamaica, from its creation in the mid-seventeenth century through to the present day. It is a critical examination of a single record series through colonialism and independence. It examines the purpose of deeds and the context in which deeds registries were created before examining the history of the series through the periods of slavery and emancipation. It examines in close detail the late nineteenth century, when the Island Record Office—which has custody of the enrolled deeds—was created and several other important changes happened. It situates the enrolled deeds …

Enhancing Archives And Records Management In Low-Resourced Organizations Through Experiential Learning, Jinfang Niu

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

Master’s students in Archives and Records Management could help low-resourced organizations address their Archives and Records Management needs while gaining practical experience. Archives and Records Management education programs could facilitate this mutually beneficial relationship by offering internships and service-learning courses. This paper analyzes the strengths and limitations of these two experiential learning mechanisms and discusses solutions to overcome the limitations. It argues that service-learning is especially suitable for addressing the Archives and Records Management needs of low-resourced organizations and proposes a service-learning model for that purpose.

Student-Designed Archival Pedagogy: A Workshop-As-Research Approach To Pluralizing Community Archives Education, Magdalena Wiśniewska-Drewniak

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

Community archives are becoming an increasingly important component of the heritage landscape, as well as an observable part of university archival education. This article is part of a research project titled “Teaching about Community Archives in the US and Poland--A Comparative Study” conducted by the author between March and May 2024. Using the student-centered learning approach, the article analyzes a workshop conducted with US-based students on the design of university courses on community archives. The designs included course audience, learning outcomes, course content, grading methods, and possible challenges. The article identifies four groups of learning outcomes (directions of community archives …

Archival Notations Of The Norwegian Charter Material, Juliane Tiemann

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This paper explores archival notations, primarily from the early modern and modern periods, found on the dorse of Norwegian charters dating from the 13th to the 17th century. By examining the notation practices of two prominent Norwegian archivists and collectors, the study further highlights individual efforts in documenting and preserving these materials across various collections. The archival efforts are contextualized historically, noting a transition to systematic archival management. The findings reveal the significance of this largely unexplored component of Norwegian charters as additional historical sources, emphasizing the role of dorsal annotations in provenance research. The textual and visual analysis of …