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An Oncogenic Herpesvirus Encodes Five Novel U Snrnas Called Hsurs, Susanna In-Sun Lee

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Marmoset T lymphocytes transformed by herpesvirus saimiri contain the first virally encoded U RNAs (called HSURs) to be identified. HSURs assemble into small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) of low abundance ($<$2 $\times$ 10$\sp4$ copies/cell). They bind proteins with Sm determinants and acquire a 5$\sp\prime$ trimethylguanosine cap structure. The sequences of HSUR 1 (143 nucleotides), HSUR 2 (115 nucleotides), HSUR 3 (76 nucleotides) HSUR 4 (106 nucleotides) and HSUR 5 (111-114 nucleotides) are related to each other but distinct from any previously characterized cellular U RNA. The viral genes encoding the HSURs possess conserved enhancer, promoter and 3$\sp\prime$ end formation signals unique to U RNA genes.The levels of HSURs 1-4 in HeLa transient expression systems are comparable to those found in virally transformed T cells (23%-91%). In contrast, HSUR 5 is expressed at nine-fold higher levels in transfected HeLa cells. HSURs expressed in transfected cells bind proteins with Sm determinants and acquire a 5$\sp\prime$ trimethylguanosine cap structure, as in transformed T cells. HSUR 1 or HSUR 4 particles from transfected HeLa cells migrate between 10S and 15S in velocity gradients, identical to the sedimentation of "monoparticles" produced in virally transformed lymphocytes. We conclude from these transfection experiments that no other herpesvirus saimiri or lymphocyte specific gene products appear to be required for efficient expression of the HSUR genes or for subsequent assembly of the viral U RNAs into snRNP particles.The stretch of similar sequences found on the 5$\sp\prime$ ends HSUR 1, HSUR 2, and HSUR 5 are AU-rich and contain 1-3 repeats of the AUUUA sequence motif. These AU-rich sequences have been identified as mRNA destabilization signals which specify rapid degradation of the transiently expressed mRNAs (Shaw and Kamen, 1986). Because HSURs are estimated to be in 100-1000 fold more abundant than any mRNA, they could stabilize these short-lived transcripts by competitively binding and inhibiting the factor(s) that recognize the mRNA destabilization signal. The resulting overexpression of cellular growth factors could contribute to the transforming ability of herpesvirus saimiri. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)

Bank Loss Rises; Insurer Forced To Bolster Fund, John Kostrzewa

Documents

No abstract provided.

Credit Unions Reconsider Insurer, John Kostrzewa

Documents

No abstract provided.

Grand Jury Begins Probe Of Heritage; $1.2 Million In Deposits Withdrawn Atty. Gen. Reports Whereabouts Of President Unknown, John Kostrzewa

Documents

No abstract provided.

Sundlun Wins A Daunting Mandate The Governor-Elect Faces Economic Ills That Contributed To Diprete's Downfall, Russell Garland

Documents

No abstract provided.

Declining Inequality In Schooling In Brazil And Its Effects On Inequality In Earnings, Deborah Levison, David Lam

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Perforate And Imperforate Currency Bands: Exchange Rate Management And The Term Structure Of Interest Rate Differentials, Paolo A. Pesenti

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

A Strategic Market Game Of A Finite Economy With A Mutual Bank, Martin Shubik, Jingang Zhao

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We introduce a strategic market game for an exchange economy not having enough commodity money. We show the existence of a non-cooperative equilibrium for any finite replication economy with a mutual bank, we then show that efficient trade can be achieved in the limiting economy by expanding the money supply through the use of fractional reserves, where the commodity money is demonetized and used for reserves. The means of exchange becomes bank credit backed in part, by “gold.” However, efficiency can not be achieved in general as a non-cooperative equilibrium of a finite player game or a finite exchange economy.

On The Convex Hull Of The Integer Points, Antal Balog, Imre Bárány

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Let P r denote the convex hull of the integer points in the disc of radius r . We prove that the number of vertices of P r is essentially r 2 /3 as r approaches infinity.

Yale Political Monthly 1990 November, The Politic, Inc.

The Politic

No abstract provided.

Are Deposits Safe? Yes, So Far - But Recession Losses Strain The System, John Kostrzewa

Documents

No abstract provided.

Nota Bene; Volume Iv, Number Iii, Yale University Library

Nota Bene

Nota Bene is published during the academic year to acquaint the Yale community and others with the resources of the Yale Library.

Yale Political Monthly 1990 October, The Politic, Inc.

The Politic

No abstract provided.

Assessing Family Planning Cost-Effectiveness: Applicability Of Individual Demand-Program Supply Framework, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Yale Nurse, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Multinomial Models Using Weak Monotonicity Assumptions, Rosa L. Matzkin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper introduces a semiparametric method of estimating multinomial models that imposes extremely weak monotonicity assumptions about a function of observable characteristics. Previous methods have imposed stronger, typically parametric, conditions on this function. The only assumptions made in this paper about the function of characteristics are its monotonicity, upper-semicontinuity, and uniform boundedness. The method is applicable, among others, to polychotomous choice models. The estimation method is shown to be strongly consistent. A technique to calculate the estimator is provided.

The Price For The Widow's Cruse: Or The Value Of An Infinitely Productive Asset, Martin Shubik

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers two basic problems: The first is the necessity for introducing government money (as contrasted with individual credit) and an infinitely lived government in an overlapping generations economy. The second concerns the evaluation of the price of an infinitely productive asset in an economy without a natural discount factor.

Least Concavity And The Distribution-Free Estimation Of Non-Parametric Concave Functions, Rosa L. Matzkin

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper studies the estimation of fully nonparametric models in which we can not identify the values of a symmetric function that we seek to estimate. I develop a method of consistently estimating a representative of a concave and monotone nonparametric systematic function. This representative possesses the same isovalue sets as the systematic function. The method proceeds by characterizing each set of observationally equivalent concave functions by a unique “least concave” representative. The least concave representative of the equivalence class to which the systematic function belongs is estimated by maximizing a criterion function over a compact set of least concave …

Yale Medicine : Alumni Bulletin Of The School Of Medicine, Fall 1990- Summer 1992, Yale University. School Of Medicine

Yale Medicine Magazine - alumni bulletin and magazine

This volume contains Yale medicine: alumni bulletin of the School of Medicine, v.25 (Fall 1990) through v.26 (Summer 1992). Prepared in cooperation with the alumni and development offices at the School of Medicine. Earlier volumes are called Yale School of Medicine alumni bulletins, dating from v.1 (1953) through v.13 (1965).

Digitized with funding from the Arcadia fund, 2017.

Aggregating Inequalities: The Equalizing Impact Of The Earnings Of Married Women In Metropolitan Brazil, Ricardo Barros, R. S. P. Mendonca

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Sovereign Debt Renegotiation In A Consumption- Smoothing Model, Kenneth M. Kletzer, Brian D. Wright

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Testing For Solvency Of The Public Sector: An Application To Italy, Giancarlo Corsetti

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Testing For Solvency Of The Public Sector: An Application To Italy, Zeng Yi, Li Xiaoli, Ma Zhongdong

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

The Dynamics Of Rural Development: Theory And Application, Gustav Ranis, Frances Stewart

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Inefficiency Of Strategy-Proof Allocation Mechanisms In Pure Exchange Economies, Lin Zhou

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In this paper I prove that in the standard model of 2 times n ( n > 2) pure exchange economies there is no allocation mechanism that is efficient, non-inversely-dictatorial, and strategy-proof. This strengthens two previous results on this subject by Hurwicz and by Dasgupta, Hammond, and Maskin.

Smooth Unbiased Multivariate Probability Simulators For Maximum Likelihood Estimation Of Limited Dependent Variable Models, Vassilis A. Hajivassiliou, Axel Borsch-Supan

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We apply a new simulation method that solves the multidimensional probability integrals that arise in maximum likelihood estimation of a broad class of limited dependent variable models. The simulation method has four key features: the simulated choice probabilities are unbiased; they are a continuous and differentiable function of the parameters of the model; they are bounded between 0 and 1; and their computation takes an effort that is nearly linear in the dimension of the probability integral, independent of the magnitudes of the true probabilities. We also show that the new simulation method produces probability estimates with substantially smaller variance …

Stock Prices And Bond Yields: Can Their Co-Movements Be Explained In Terms Of Present Value Models?, Robert J. Shiller, Andrea E. Beltratti

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Real stock prices seem to overreact to changes in long-term interest rates. That is, real stock prices drop when long-term interest rates rise (and rise when they fall) more than would be implied by a rational expectations present value model where expectations are based on a vector autoregression. This overreaction is not associated with any overreaction to changes in the short-run inflation rate. Over the last century real stock prices have shown little reaction to changes in inflation rates, and according to the model they should show little reaction. These conclusions were reached from an analysis of annual data in …

The Hybrid Solutions Of An N-Person Game, Jingang Zhao

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We introduce a solution concept intermediate between the cooperative and noncooperative solutions of an n -person game in normal form. Consider a partition p of the players, with each s in p a coalition. A joint strategy x = { x s | s in p } is a hybrid solution for the partition p if, for each s in p , x s is a core solution of the corresponding parametric subgame, where this game isplayed by the players in s and is parameterized by x -s , the strategies played by all outside players. This assumes that players …

International Trade And Investment Under Different Rates Of Time Preference, Koichi Hamada, Kyoji Fukao

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

A Functional Central Limit Theorem For Strong Mixing Stochastic Processes, Donald W.K. Andrews, David Pollard

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper shows how the modern machinery for generating abstract empirical central limit theorems can be applied to arrays of dependent variables. It develops a bracketing approximation based on a moment inequality for sums of strong mixing arrays, in an effort to illustrate the sorts of difficulty that need to be overcome when adapting the empirical process theory for independent variables. Some suggestions for further development are offered. The paper is largely self-contained.