Digital Commons Network^™

Comparative Effectiveness Of First-Line Treatments For Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Pd-L1 Expression 1-49%, Peiru Pan

Public Health Theses

Introduction: Lung cancer, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. While immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for advanced NSCLC, optimal first-line therapy for patients with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels between 1-49% remains uncertain.

Objective: To investigate the comparative effectiveness of different first-line treatment options for advanced NSCLC patients with PD-L1 expression levels between 1-49%.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using patient data from the Flatiron Health database. Our patient sample includes adult patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between 2016 and 2021, with PD-L1 expression levels ranging from 1-49%. Treatment …

Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Trends & Excess Deaths In Connecticut, Sadia Rehman Safwi

Public Health Theses

Background: There is a decline in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in the United States (US) butthere are also disparities reported among different racial and ethnic groups in the US. This research highlights a lack of state-specific research on CVD mortality and introduces a study conducted in Connecticut using CVD mortality data from 2011 to 2020. Methods. This study used publicly available and deidentified data from the CDC WONDER to examine CVD mortality trends in Connecticut. Annual deaths, population counts, and age-adjusted mortality rates were reported by year, race, and gender for all cardiovascular disease (CVD) combined, Ischemic heart disease, Hypertensive …

“I Didn't Want Them To Feel Like I Was Fragile”: A Qualitative Analysis Of Disability, Intimacy, And Sexual Culture At Yale, Mafalda Von Alvensleben

Public Health Theses

This thesis examines how Yale as an educational institutional shapes disabled students’ sexual and romantic lives. It explores the ways in which the institution's policies, culture, and physical environments influence these experiences via a qualitative and landscape analysis. The analysis was based off nine semi-structured interviews with students who self-identified as disabled from both undergraduate and graduate programs, as well as a landscape analysis that incorporates formal, journalistic style interviews with eleven Yale faculty, staff, and administrators. Taken together, this study illuminates the challenges posed by systemic ableism within the university's academic and social frameworks. It highlights the inadequacies of …

Exploring Out-Of-Distribution Behaviors In Machine Learning Systems, Yutaro Yamada

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the evolving nature of model generalization in machine learning, with a particular focus on out-of-distribution behavior. It begins by examining how feature selection identifies and discards non-generalizable features, then explores the robustness of ImageNet-based models under shifted data distributions and their transfer to downstream tasks. The discussion moves to Vision-Language Models, exposing a "concept association bias'' that stems from contrastive training and exploring why autoregressive methods can offer stronger relational understanding. It then discuss how 3D-based pre-training mitigates spurious background-object correlations, improving generalization. Finally, it examines Large Language Models' spatial reasoning abilities, both in 2D and 3D, …

Neurobiological Markers Of Risk For Psychopathology In Healthy Youth At Familial Risk For Depression, Bailey Holt-Gosselin

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Family history of depression is a robust predictor of early-onset depression (Elsayed, Fields et al. 2019, Ho, Shah et al. 2022) as well as other types of psychopathology (van Santvoort, Hosman et al. 2015, van Dijk, Murphy et al. 2021) among youth. Youth are at especially high risk when the family members with depression are their parents; youth whose parents have depression are at a 3- to 5-fold increased risk for developing depression themselves (Lieb, Isensee et al. 2002, Williamson, Birmaher et al. 2004). Prior work has indicated that risk may be conferred through alterations in neurodevelopment that precede the …

The Temporal Dynamics Of Memory And Learning In Psychosis Proneness, William Nichols Koller

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Psychosis is characterized by salient conflicts between reality and one’s experience of it, but the cognitive processes that give rise to these conflicts are not fully characterized. Similar conflicts are felt by many members of the general population, albeit to a lesser extent. By studying these experiences in a subclinical context (i.e., psychosis proneness), we stand to gain new insights about the cognitive processes that support psychotic-like thought across a continuum. In this dissertation, I propose an updated cognitive model that predicts a link between the positive and disorganized symptoms of psychosis and distinct disruptions in memory and learning. More …

Quantum Photonic Devices With Rare Earth Incorporated Thin-Film Lithium Niobate, Likai Yang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Quantum information science, offering unprecedented potential compared to classical technologies, has undergone vast growth over the past decades. The proposed quantum computers promise the ability to solve complex problems that are practically intractable for classical computers; long range quantum networks are also envisioned as secure links to distribute both quantum and classical information. The demand to build these large-scale and sophisticated quantum architectures promotes the necessity of hybrid quantum systems, in which different platforms are pursued and interfaced according to specific needs. Among them, the solid state spins have drawn great attention for applications such as spin qubits, single photon …

Primary Dealer Credit Facility (Pdcf), Federal Reserve System

Documents

No abstract provided.

Equity Ownership Statistics, Natwest Group

Documents

No abstract provided.

Risk Factors Of Glioma In Non-Hispanic White And Hispanic Children In California, Lixin Kang

Public Health Theses

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of pediatric glioma in relation to multiple birth and parental characteristics as well as environmental exposures, in the overall California population and in racial and ethnic subgroups.

Methods: Leveraging a population-based linkage of statewide birth records and cancer registry data in California, we conducted a case-control study that included 3,244 cases who were born in California during 1982-2015 and diagnosed with first primary glioma at the age of 0-19 years during 1988-2015, and 162,200 controls who were born in California and frequency-matched to cases on year of birth. Odds ratios (OR) and …

Unpacking Ultra-Processed Foods: Exploring The Intersection Of Health, Environment, And Justice For Holistic And Equitable Policy, Cynthia Miles

Public Health Theses

This thesis highlights the interdependent mechanisms and impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in relation to health, environment, and justice. It calls attention to the need for UPF policy that establishes synergistic interventions targeting issues across domains and proposes policy mechanisms as an illustrative example of how to achieve this. The intention of this thesis is not to motivate different consumer choices or to tell individuals to avoid UPFs. Rather than targeting consumers, UPF policy needs to hold food corporations responsible for the impact of the products that they’re creating and profiting from, and governments need to have more responsibility for …

Constructing And Evaluating A Predictive Model For Cardiovascular Disease Based On Brfss Data, Hongyi Xu

Public Health Theses

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are several studies researching the risk factor of cardiovascular diseases based on BRFSS data in recent years, but there is still a lack of comprehensive research and further discussion is needed for the prediction of CVD. This study aims to provide a systematic CVD prediction model based on BRFSS survey data

Method In this study, the subjects’ characteristics factors will be summarized in tables separated by different aspects and CVD groups. Two-thirds of the records will be randomly selected as the training set to …

Enriching An Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Model Among Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patients: Leveraging Electronic Health Record Data, Enci Cai

Public Health Theses

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is widely used for treating coronary arterydisease, but carries the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Accurate risk stratification for post-PCI AKI is essential for improving patient outcomes. Traditional AKI risk models do not fully account for complex interactions or the breadth of clinical data available in electronic health records (EHRs). Therefore, we sought to enrich an existing AKI risk prediction model, the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) model, by integrating additional risk factors derived from EHR data.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the CathPCI registry and the Yale NewHaven Hospital (YNHH) …

Trauma-Informed Digital Health Interventions: A Scoping Review, Amelea Lowery

Public Health Theses

Background: Trauma exposure is a pervasive issue around the world and the impacts of trauma can be long lasting and detrimental to individual and population health outcomes. Trauma responses can influence and determine an individual or community’s approach in seeking supportive resources. Given the critical role of supportive resources and the prevalent use of technology and internet use, it is essential to understand how digital health interventions contribute to addressing trauma explicitly. This scoping review aims to explore the landscape of trauma-informed digital health interventions for adults, assess their outcomes, and identify their measurable impacts across various settings.Methods: A scoping …

Community Health Workers To Strengthen Hiv Care Continuum And Prep Delivery In The Us/Hics: A Scoping Review, Vanessa Abigail Nunez

Public Health Theses

Introduction: With the ongoing global HIV/AIDS burden, community-based service delivery models are increasingly recognized, with community health workers (CHWs) at the forefront. In high-income countries (HICs) like the United States, CHWs have long served marginalized communities, gaining recent legislative attention. Despite this, there's still a need for comprehensive evidence on CHW integration in healthcare delivery.

Methodology: We conducted a scoping review to gather available evidence on community health workers (CHWs) and their impact on HIV outcomes in HICs, and to identify evidence gaps in the use of community-based HIV/PrEP services in HICs. Using the American Public Health Association’s definition of …

Exploring Racial And Genetic Variations In Early-Onset Breast Cancer, Iyanuoluwa Priscilla Odole

Public Health Theses

Aim: There is an increasing incidence of early-onset cancers globally, with various factors playing a crucial role in increasing cancer risk. This study explores the association between germline pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants and early-onset breast cancers (EOBC). Furthermore, the study assesses racial variations among individuals with EOBC

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using data from the Genetics Case Conference (GCC) database, containing information on individuals diagnosed with early-onset cancers (ages 18-49) and late-onset cancers (age 50+) who underwent genetic counseling and testing. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling were employed to analyze demographic characteristics, cancer types, germline genetic variants, and …

Neighborhood Deprivation And Risk Of Readmission Among Young Patients With Ami: Insights From The Virgo Study, Xiaoya Sun

Public Health Theses

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of deaths in women younger than 55 years old. However, current knowledge is limited on how neighborhood deprivation influences the risk of AMI readmission in this population. We evaluated the associations of area deprivation index (ADI) on the risk of readmission 1-year post-AMI in young adults with AMI. Methods: We use data from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study- the largest study of young patients with AMI in the US. Neighborhood deprivation was assessed using an ADI score, which was calculated using …

Association Of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Approval On Suicide Rates Among Patients With Cancer: A Pre-Post Analysis With Seer, Rachel Wang

Public Health Theses

Objective: Patients with cancer are at elevated suicide risks compared to the general population, and patients diagnosed with advanced cancers have higher suicide risks compared to those diagnosed with early-staged cancers. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) were initially approved to treat metastatic melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and an unpublished study observed a decreased suicide risk in patients with these cancers at all stages. This study evaluates suicide risks in patients with breast, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, and prostate cancer, of which ICIs have limited effects on, to assess if the lower suicide rates observed previously …

Exploring The Factors Of Sleep Quality: An Integrated Analysis Of Data From Questionnaires And Environmental Sensor Data, Jiaqian Xu

Public Health Theses

Sleep quality plays a crucial role in human health, but its determinants remain incompletelyunderstood. This integrated analysis investigates the relationships of demographic characteristics, living habits, as well as psychological factors on sleep quality. It also ranks the importance of sleep discomfort and examines the effect of bedroom air quality on sleep quality. Results showed stress had a significant negative correlation (r = -0.66) with sleep quality. Furthermore, nocturnal bathroom usage was the most influential predictor, contributing approximately 17.5% to sleep quality ratings using random forest classification. Air quality measures, including carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter …

The Central Bank As Crisis Manager, Patrick Honohan

Documents

No abstract provided.

The Failure Of Silicon Valley Bank And The Panic Of 2023, Andrew Metrick

Documents

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2023, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Fdic)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Debt Limit, United States: Department Of The Treasury

Documents

No abstract provided.

History Of The Superintendency, Superintendency Of Banks

Documents

No abstract provided.

Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 2024-2025, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 120, Number 16

September 5, 2024

Reducing 30-Day Hospital Readmission In The Older Homebound Population: Using An Interprofessional Communication Protocol Within A Multidisciplinary Hospital At Home Program, Pamela Ann Alvey

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Home-bound patients aged 65 and older are at the highest risk for avoidable 30-day hospital readmission: a factor contributing to rising healthcare costs and comprising over 30% of Medicare’s spending. The Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) deemed that one in five patients that were discharged from the hospital were readmitted within 30 days, resulting in an annual waste of $17 billion. The increase in homebound older patients, coupled with ongoing avoidable 30-day readmissions, resulting in poorer quality of life, makes this a critical issue for the U.S. healthcare system. A key gap identified in the prevalence of avoidable 30-day readmissions …

Establishing An Infrastructure For Nursing Innovation In A Large Urban Magnet®Hospital, Gregory Parsons Eichelzer

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Problem and Context: Despite nursing's potential to contribute valuable solutions to healthcare challenges, dedicated nursing innovation development programs are scarce. This scarcity, compounded by a lack of nursing leadership competencies in fostering innovation, inhibits nurses' ability to translate innovative ideas into clinical practice effectively.

Intervention: This Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project addressed this gap by establishing a structure, process, and technology access based on industry-standard for nursing innovation in the inpatient setting.

Aims and Methods: The project aimed to establish a structure, process, and technology access based on industry-standard for nursing innovation in the inpatient setting, to implement and …

The California Bridge Model For Emergency Department-Initiated Medication-Assisted Treatment For Opioid Use Disorder: Adaptations For Perinatal Hospital Services, Devin C. Thomas

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Background: Poor access to gender-specific, pregnancy-focused medication-assisted treatment for perinatal opioid use disorder greatly contributes to adverse outcomes for pregnant patients, infants, and society, at large. It is well established that Emergency Department-initiated pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder is safe, effective, and can be rapidly adopted by hospital systems to improve access to care for people who misuse opioids. Like the Emergency Department, perinatal hospital services are well positioned to serve as critical access points in the treatment of perinatal opioid use disorder. However, concerns such as lack of training, workflow inefficiencies, and bias act as barriers to co-located, integrated …

Fhlb Payments 2023 Bank Failures, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Documents

No abstract provided.

Yale School Of Medicine Facts & Figures 2024-2025, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Facts & Figures – annual Yale School of Medicine numbers

Provided by the Office of Communications, the Facts and Figures brochure is produced annually as a way to provide a snapshot of key facts and data related to the School of Medicine as well as the Medical Campus. This includes enrollment data, research activity, financial summaries, and more.