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Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 1987-1988, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 83, Number 10

September 1, 1987

The Treatment Of Peripheral Nerve Injuries With Cyopreserved Autografts : A Functional, Histological, And Biochemical Evaluation Of The Role Of Cryopreservation In The Rat Model, Patrick Alan Ruwe

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Observations Of Fronts In The North Sea, H. M. Van Aken, G. J. F. Van Heijst, L. R. M. Maas

Journal of Marine Research

The persistent presence of a cold bottom layer and associated bottom fronts was observed in the stratified central North Sea during an observational program in 1981 and 1982. Moored instruments, capturing a snap-shot of such a front while it was advected past these moorings, revealed the simultaneous presence of a well-defined frontal jet with velocities up to 15 cm s⁻¹. The Coriolis force acting on this jet appeared to be in geostrophic balance with the locally intense pressure gradient forces. Hydrographic surveys revealed the presence of both small-scale and large-scale baroclinic waves on this front, the latter reaching …

Autocrine Growth Regulation Of A Cloned Murine T Helper Cell Line, Jay Bruce Horowitz

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Cadmium In Gulf Stream Warm-Core Rings And Associated Waters, Carole M. Sakamoto-Arnold, Alfred K. Hanson Jr., Douglas L. Huizenga, Dana R. Kester

Journal of Marine Research

Seawater samples were collected and analyzed for cadmium during four cruises studying Gulf Stream warm-core rings and associated waters. Warm-core ring (WCR) 82-B was sampled in April (approximately two months after formation), in June (after seasonal stratification), and in August (during its interaction with the Gulf Stream). The September–October cruise studied closure and separation of a meander that formed ring 82-H. The depth of the cadmium maximum varied with the depth of the main thermocline; the maximum occurred at a potential temperature of 7.8 ± 0.5°C and sigma-theta 27.4 ± 0.05 in the Slope Water, Gulf Stream, and Sargasso Sea …

Stoichiometry Of C, N, P, And Si Fluxes In A Temperate-Climate Embayment, S. V. Smith, W. J. Wiebe, J. T. Hollibaugh, S. J. Dollar, S. W. Hager, B. E. Cole, G. W. Tribble, P. A. Wheeler

Journal of Marine Research

Dissolved C, N, P, and Si budgets for Tomales Bay, California, have been used to solve simultaneous stoichiometric equations which describe a plausible material balance for net organic matter reactions in the bay. Dissolved Si and P were both exported hydrographically. Dissolved C and fixed N were imported hydrographically. If we assume that C, N, P, and Si were supplied to the bay as organic detritus and remineralized at a rate required to balance dissolved Si and P exports, we can calculate reasonable rates of denitrification and CO₂ gas evasion across the air-water interface. The system is thus interpreted …

The Relationship Of Upwelling To Mussel Production In The Rias On The Western Coast Of Spain, J. O. Blanton, K. R. Tenore, F. Castillejo, L. P. Atkinson, F. B. Schwing, A. Lavin

Journal of Marine Research

We have calculated an upwelling index for each month over a 17-year period (1969–1985) for a point off the western coast of Spain. We interpret April through September values of the index to indicate the flux of nitrate-rich water into the Spanish Rias. The index representing the 6-month upwelling series has been correlated with an index representing the conditions of mussels grown during that season on rafts in Ria de Arosa. Two seasons represent extreme upwelling conditions over the 17-year sampling period: 1977 when the upwelling index was the highest, and 1983 when it was the lowest. A comparison of …

What Controls The Rate Of Equatorial Warm Water Mass Formation?, G. T. Csanady

Journal of Marine Research

Equatorial warm water formation is one important factor in the mass balance of Tropical Surface Water (TSW) in the Atlantic Ocean; another is drainage by the North Brazilian Coastal Current (NBCC). Both are affected by the depth of the TSW layer at the western boundary: deepening of this layer increases the transport of the NBCC and reduces warm water mass formation by shortening the eastern upwelling zone. Strengthening westward wind-stress steepens the thermocline in the western sector of the equatorial band, enhances upwelling in the eastern sector, affecting mass balance on both counts. Recirculation of TSW via a loop containing …

Effects Of Calmodulin Antagonists On Ultraviolet Induced Cytotoxicity In Leukemic Cells, Seth Allan Rosenthal

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

The Fate Of Organic Carbon And Nitrogen In Experimental Marine Sediment Systems: Influence Of Bioturbation And Anoxia, E. Kristensen, T. H. Blackburn

Journal of Marine Research

The decay rate of particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) was followed during 94 days in three homogenized sediment microcosms: 1. With a natural density of the polychaete Nereis virens (NOx-cores); 2. Defaunated, with an aerobic water phase (Ox-cores); and 3. Defaunated, with an anaerobic water phase (An-cores). In all cores there was a marked preferential mineralization of PON compared to POC. The presence of Nereis increased the net decomposition of POC and PON 2.6 and 1.6 times relative to Ox-cores. Ventilation of burrow structures by the worms increased the flux of O₂, TCO₂ and DIN …

Relationships Of The Silver Rice Rat Oryzomys Argentatus (Rodentia: Muridae), Numi C. Goodyear, James D. Lazell Jr.

Postilla

Nine skulls of the rare Oryzomys argentatus are compared to 109 skulls of the six races of O. palustris. Mahalanobis distance is greater between O. argentatus and all Floridian forms of O. palustris than the Floridian forms are from each other. In a canonical discriminant analysis, two models grouping O. argentatus with one or both of the insular races of O. palustris (sanibeli and planirostris) were shown by the Roy's Greatest Root statistic to fit the data less well than a model in which O. argentatus was regarded as distinct. A one-way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test on the …

Advancing Social Research: An Essay Based On Leiberson’S Making It Count, S. Burton Singer, Margaret Marini

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Who Receives Medical Care? Income, Implicit Prices And The Distribution Of Medical Services Among Pregnantwomen In The United States, Mark Rosenzweig, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Economic Demography And Development: New Directions In An Old Field, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

The Stability Of Household Production Technology: A Replication, Mark R. Rosenzweig, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

The Value And Allocation Of Time In High Income Countries: Implications For Fertility, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Forestry Research: A Provisional Global Inventory, Francois Mergen, M. A. Judd, J. Putnam

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Gene Expression During The Latent And Replicative States Of The Epstein-Barr Virus, Ronald John Weigel

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Gene expression of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was examined during the latent and lytic viral cycles. During latency the virus expresses two small RNAs (EBERs) and the EB nuclear antigen (EBNA). A gene encoding one peptide of the EBNA complex was mapped using S1 nuclease analysis. EBNA peptide is encoded by a 2028 base exon contained within the EBV Bam HI K fragment; the 3' end of this exon occurs 30 bp after the polyadenylation signal AATAAA and the 5' end occurs within a splice acceptor site. The latent state was disrupted experimentally by treatment with phorbol ester or superinfection …

Systematics, Functional Morphology And Macroevolution Of The Extinct Mammalian Order Taeniodonta, Robert Milton Schoch

Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History

The Taeniodonta is an archaic order of extinct eutherians known from Puercan (early Paleocene) to Uintan (middle Eocene) strata of the Rocky Mountain intermontane sedimentary basins of western North America and from late Paleocene strata of South Carolina....

Stirring And Mixing Of Thermohaline Anomalies, A. Colin De Verdiere, J. G. Harvey, M. Arhan

Journal of Marine Research

Data from the Tourbillon Experiment in the eastern North Atlantic indicate clearly the stirring of waters with contrasting thermohaline properties by a mesoscale eddy, and the ensuing mixture which occurred. The observed features are discussed in relation to a mixing scenario which considers the salinity distribution in the eastern N. Atlantic associated with the Mediterranean Water (MW) outflow through the Straits of Gibraltar to provide a large-scale context. A mesoscale eddy near the boundary of this water mass advected and deformed a blob of MW, sharpening thermohaline fronts so that double diffusive frontal intrusions developed. Double diffusion processes are invoked …

Vertical Patterns In 15n Natural Abundance In Pon From The Surface Waters Of Warm-Core Rings, Mark A. Altabet, James J. Mccarthy

Journal of Marine Research

The natural abundance of ¹⁵N in PON from the upper 200 m of 4 warm-core rings and the Sargasso Sea was measured. Minima in the δ¹⁵N of PON often occurred near the depth at which NO₃⁻ was first detectable. Frequently, maxima in PON concentration and minima in C/N ratio also co-occurred in this region. The average value for the δ¹⁵N of PON below the top of the nitracline was almost always greater than that above the top of the nitracline. The observed vertical pattern for the δ¹⁵N of PON is most …

The Effects Of Intra-Specific Density And Food Supply On Growth And Reproduction In An Infaunal Polychaete, Polydora Ligni Webster, Roman N. Zajac

Journal of Marine Research

In two laboratory experiments decreasing food supply and increasing intra-specific density generally had negative effects on growth and reproduction in the spionid polychaete Polydora ligni. These included longer maturation times at smaller worm size, longer times to deposition of the first brood of eggs and inter-brood period, and decreases in the number of gametogenic segments, egg capsules and fecundity. The number of eggs deposited per capsule was not affected by the treatments. Analysis of field data indicated a significant negative correlation between intra-specific density and fecundity, suggesting that the laboratory results reflect field conditions. Populations of opportunistic infauna, like Polydora …

On The Role Of Topography In The Ocean Circulation, Paola Cessi, Joseph Pedlosky

Journal of Marine Research

The ideas developed by Rhines and Young (1982a,b) are used to analyze the effect of topography in simple baroclinic models. The presence of longitude-dependent topography induces strong internal jets with transports of the same magnitude as the interior flow. It is shown that the existence of these features is independent of the forcing structure at the top of the model ocean, of the topography form and of the forcing in subsurface layers as long as the latter is small. Some examples are given both for forcings which, in the absence of topography, would give circulations closed in the interior and …

A Model Study Of The Seasonal Cycle Of The Arabian Sea Surface Temperature, Satish R. Shetye

Journal of Marine Research

The Annual variation of the SST along a zonal strip from the coast of Somalia to the southwest coast of India was simulated using available data (monthly-mean heat and momentum fluxes across the air-sea interface, surface advective field, etc.) as input to a Kraus-Turner mixed-layer model. Three cases were examined. In the first, influence of surface fluxes alone was considered. The second included the effects of surface fluxes and vertical advection. Then, effect of horizontal advection was added.The model forced with the surface heat and momentum fluxes alone simulated reasonably well the SST variability throughout the year except during the …

Nekton Falls, Low-Intensity Disturbance And Community Structure Of Infaunal Benthos In The Deep Sea, Craig R. Smith

Journal of Marine Research

A simulation of natural disturbance at the bathyal seafloor evoked rapid response from dominant infaunal species, for the first time providing experimental evidence that similar disturbances structure normal deep-sea communities. Parcels of dead fish (1–40 kg) were placed on the seafloor at a depth of 1310 m in the Santa Catalina Basin and monitored with Alvin and free-vehicle cameras for up to 8 wk. Dense aggregations of fish and ophiuroids were rapidly attracted to the baitfalls; in the process of consuming the bait, these megafaunal scavengers disrupted sediment surface structures and resuspended substantial amounts of sediment. The predominant macrofaunal effect …

A Simplified Linear Ocean Circulation Theory, Rick Salmon

Journal of Marine Research

The linear theory of the wind- and thermally-driven ocean circulation simplifies considerably if the traditional Laplacian viscosity and thermal diffusivity are replaced by a linear-decay friction and heat diffusion. Solutions of the simplified equations display all the physically important features of the standard model.

Sediment Trap Biases In Turbulent Flows: Results From A Laboratory Flume Study, Cheryl Ann Butman

Journal of Marine Research

Several cylindrical and noncylindrical sediment trap designs were tested in a recirculating steady-flow flume. The laboratory study was conducted to achieve dynamic- and geometric-similarity to conditions in a specific field environment where traps eventually would be deployed. Relative (to a "standard" trap design) particle collection efficiencies of the traps were quantified in ∼10 cm/sec turbulent flows that were continuously seeded with particles having fall velocities of about 10⁻² to 10⁻¹ cm/sec (the upper range of silt-sized quartz sediments). The nature of flow through the trap mouths was qualitatively described using dye.The following trap biases were demonstrated in the …

Observations Of The Horizontal Separation Of The Salinity Core And The Current Core In The Atlantic Equatorial Undercurrent, Eberhard Fahrbach, Jens Meincke, Alexander Sy

Journal of Marine Research

From January to June 1979 the R. V. Meteor surveyed the central equatorial Atlantic on a line along 22W from 2S to 3N. By means of CTD and horizontal deflection measurements of a towed undulating instrument, the "Delphin," a time series of the horizontal location of the velocity core of the Equatorial Undercurrent and its related salinity maximum could be obtained. The time interval of observations between the 11 "Delphin" sections ranged from 5 to 30 days. In the mean the salinity maximum is located 30 km south of the velocity maximum. The separation distance depends on the meridional location …

Spacial And Temporal Variations Of Water Characteristics In The Japan Sea Bottom Layer, Toshitaka Gomo, Yoshiyuki Nozaki, Hitoshi Sakai, Toshisuke Nakai, Hiroyuki Tsubota

Journal of Marine Research

The Japan Sea is an almost landlocked marginal sea. We measured profiles of CTD potential temperature at 9 stations in the southeastern Japan Sea to clarify the characteristics of the abyssal circulation in the Sea. It was shown that the results were closely correlated with the topography of the Japan Sea which is characterized by a rise in the center of the Sea (Yamato Rise) and three basins (Japan, Yamato and Tsushima Basins) around the Yamato Rise.At each station in the Basins (6 stations), we observed "the bottom layer," a layer of constant potential temperature (within ±0.0005°C) below 2,000–2,500 m …

Grazer Control Of The Fine-Scale Distribution Of Phytoplankton In Warm-Core Gulf Stream Rings, M. R. Roman, C. S. Yentsch, A. L. Gauzens, D. A. Phinney

Journal of Marine Research

We measured in situ rates of primary production, zooplankton grazing and the fine-scale distribution of zooplankton abundance, along with continuous observations of salinity, temperature and fluorescence in vertical profiles of two warm-core Gulf Stream rings and a station in the northern Sargasso Sea. A subsurface chlorophyll maximum was located within the pycnocline at all nineteen of the pump stations. In the majority of pump profiles, subsurface chlorophyll maxima coincided with maxima in particulate organic carbon and ATP. However, neither zooplankton biomass or numerical abundance were related to chlorophyll concentrations. Maxima in zooplankton biomass and grazing generally occurred at depths of …