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Tide Gauge Response To Tsunamis: Measurements At 40 Tide Gauge Stations In Japan, Kenji Satake, Masami Okada, Kuniaki Abe

Journal of Marine Research

The responses of tide gauges to tsunamis are examined by in situ measurements at 40 stations in northeastern Japan. Recovery of water level in the tide well is measured after the water is drained or added to create a water level difference between the inside and outside of the wells. The recovery times for a 1 m water level difference, estimated from the observations, vary from station to station and range from 65 to 1300 sec. Tsunami waveforms on tide gauge records from the 1983 Japan Sea earthquake are corrected for the observed response. For those stations with the observed …

Oscillations Of Macrobenthos In Shallow Waters Of The Peruvian Central Coast Induced By Ei Niño 1982-83, Juan Tarazona, Horst Salzwedel, Wolf Arntz

Journal of Marine Research

Macrozoobenthos was sampled at 15 m (January 1982–October 1984) and 34 m depth (September 1981–September 1984) in the Bay of Ancón, north of Lima. Fluctuations in density, biomass, species composition and diversity of the fauna as well as oscillations in the density of several dominant species were studied in relation to temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. El Niño (EN) 1982–83 induced marked positive effects at both depths. Some of these changes prevailed in 1984 due to the increase of oxygen close to the seafloor and the persistence of higher O₂ values during and after the phenomenon. The number of …

Temperature Structure And Mixed Layer In The Kuroshio Region Over The Izu Ridge, Kimio Hanawa, Izumi Hoshino

Journal of Marine Research

Temperature data taken over the Izu Ridge during 1964–1986 were analyzed to present the mean temperature structure and the mixed layer in the Kuroshio Region. Since the Kuroshio radically changes its position over the Izu Ridge, in order to construct the rational mean fields, we made composite analyses of the data using a coordinate with its origin at the Kuroshio axis. In the southern part of the Kuroshio axis, the 15 and 12°C isotherms lie at depths of about 400 and 550 m, respectively, in all months analyzed. These depths are shallower by 250 m than those of the Gulf …

Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part I: Lagrangian Particle Tracing Experiments, Joji Ishizaka, Eileen E. Hofmann

Journal of Marine Research

The residence time and flow patterns of plankton populations on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf were studied with Lagrangian particle tracing experiments. Flow and temperature fields used for these experiments were constructed by applying optimal interpolation methods to current meter data obtained during the Georgia Bight Experiment I and II which took place 25 February to 18 June 1980 and 10 June to 24 September 1981, respectively. The interpolated fields reproduced the flow and temperature structures associated with Gulf Stream frontal eddies and bottom intrusions, which are the upwelling mechanisms of interest in this region. The general particle tracing …

The Effect Of Boundary Conditions On Tracer Estimates Of Thermocline Ventilation Rates, Scott C. Doney, William J. Jenkins

Journal of Marine Research

Using a simple box mixing model, we show that ventilation rate estimates obtained from tracer box models may be significantly smaller than fluid replacement rates. The degree to which a tracer ventilation estimate approaches the actual (fluid) ventilation rate depends on the surface boundary condition for that tracer. Ventilation rates for rapidly exchanging tracers (e.g. ³He) are close to the fluid ventilation rate while tracers with limited surface exchange (e.g. tritium) ventilate more slowly. For box mixing models, the ratio of ventilation rates for limited surface exchange tracers to rapidly exchanging tracers approaches the ratio of summer to winter …

The Late Summer Vertical Nutrient Mixing In Long Island Sound, Dake Chen, Sarah G. Horrigan, Dong-Ping Wang

Journal of Marine Research

The occurrence of vertical nutrient mixing in central Long Island Sound was simulated for the period from July 23 to August 29, 1986 using a one-dimensional mixed-layer model based on Mellor and Yamada (1974)'s level 2 turbulence closure scheme. During most of the study period, the water column was stratified and the nutrient fluxes through the thermocline were driven by the combined effect of the wind and the tidal mixing. The nutrient entrainment at the bottom of the thermocline was tidally induced, while that at the top of the thermocline had a pulsating character resulting from the interaction of the …

Copepods In Fram Strait In Summer: Distribution, Feeding And Metabolism, Sharon L. Smith

Journal of Marine Research

A summer study of zooplankton in the Fram Strait area of the Greenland Sea showed elevated abundances of herbivorous copepods in the marginal ice zone or ice-edge compared with copepod communities under the pack ice cover. Several physical factors contributed to this, including the large-scale current systems which deliver both North Atlantic and Arctic plankton to the ice-edge and the effect of melting ice and eddies in increasing primary productivity and standing stocks of phytoplankton. The potential importance of the ice-edge in secondary production was observed directly as increased numbers of juvenile copepods. Indirectly, it can be inferred from observations …

Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 1988-1989, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 84, Number 10

September 1, 1988

Successful Immunotherapy To Malignant Cells With Monoclonal Antibody To Suppressor T Cells, Andrės Felipe Rodriguez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Hemodynamic And Metabolic Assessment Of Isolated Canine Hearts Following Twenty-Four Hour Preservation In Intracellular-Type Fluid, Steven Brent Slovic

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of And Myc Expression In A Hl-60 Mutant Resistant To Dmso Induced Differentiation, Walter Michael Stadler

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Multiple Thermoclines Are Barriers To Vertical Exchange In The Subarctic Pacific During Super, May 1984, K. L. Denman, A. E. Gargett

Journal of Marine Research

As part of the Subarctic Pacific Ecosystem Research program, we made observations of upper ocean physical and biological properties at 50N; 145W during 12–21 May 1984 from a drifting buoy, instrumented with a thermistor chain and meteorological sensors; a CTD/rosette bottle profiler; a shipboard solar radiometer; and a microstructure profiler equipped with a fast response thermistor and two airfoil velocity probes. At that time, the ocean above the seasonal thermocline was divided by a shallow thermocline step (∼0.5°C) into two layers with different turbulence characteristics and dynamics. The surface layer thermal structure (even in wind speeds up to 14 m …

Workers' Health In Connecticut : An Historical Analysis Of The Uretek Outbreak, David B. Cowan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Organic Geochemistry Of Particulate Matter In The Eastern Tropical North Pacific Ocean: Implications For Particle Dynamics, Stuart G. Wakeham, Elizabeth A. Canuel

Journal of Marine Research

Samples of marine particulate matter were collected in sediment traps and by in-situ filtration to depths of 1500 m during VERTEX II and III cruises in the eastern tropical North Pacific. Wax esters, triacylglycerols, fatty acids, sterols and steroidal ketones were analyzed in these samples to compare the compositions of organic matter associated with large sinking particulate aggregates sampled by sediment traps and with fine suspended material obtained by in-situ filtration. Distributions of specific compounds indicated that the organic chemical composition of large sinking particles and small suspended particles both in the euphotic zone and at mid-depth result from very …

Phytoplankton Species Composition And Abundance In A Gulf Stream Warm Core Ring. Ii. Distributional Patterns, Richard W. Gould Jr., Greta A. Fryxell

Journal of Marine Research

During the spring and summer of 1982, Gulf Stream warm core ring (WCR) 82B was sampled during four cruises from April to August to investigate phytoplankton distributional patterns. Discrete water samples from 28 stations were collected for identification and enumeration of phytoplankton. In April, when the water column was well mixed to 350 m, quantitative samples clustered by station when the 100 most frequently observed taxa were used as variables, indicating fairly unique assemblages at each station that were consistent with depth. Two transects across the ring in June showed a symmetrical diatom abundance maximum, dominated by Chaetoceros cf. vixvisibilis …

The Coupling Of Wave Drift And Wind Velocity Profiles, John A. T. Bye

Journal of Marine Research

The Stokes drift velocity profile due to Toba's equilibrium wave spectrum is shown to consist of a surface constant shear layer, an intermediate logarithmic layer and a deep exponentially decaying tail. On identifying the logarithmic layer with a wall boundary layer (which is justified a posteriori by showing that the major part of the energy dissipation by wave breaking occurs in the roughness sublayer), for a range of directionality (p) of the wave spectrum ½–2, Toba's constant (α) lies in the range 0.12–0.10 in good agreement with data. The roughness length for water (z_{0 …}

A Numerical Model Of Instabilities In The Florida Current, Douglas B. Boudra, Rainer Bleck, Friedrich Schott

Journal of Marine Research

An isopycnic coordinate numerical model is configured as an infinitely long channel with the width and bottom topography of the Straits of Florida at 27N to investigate the possibility that Florida Current meanders are due to dynamical instabilities. One mass/flow configuration with which to initialize the model is developed primarily from theoretical considerations, a second from the analysis of ST ACS observations (Leaman et al., 1987). To ascertain the effect of the bottom topography, flat bottom experiments are first examined. The current is found to be baroclinically unstable in the classical sense (Eady, 1949) to perturbations with wavelengths greater …

Yale Nurse: Yale University School Of Nursing Newsletter, January 1988, Yale University School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

This issue inaugurated major changes in Yale Nurse appearance and content. News items in each issue will target a health issue and how School faculty, students, and alumni are working in the area. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was the targeted health issue for this issue.

Please contact the Medical Historical Library for more information or requests for reproduction.

Department Of Surgery, Yale University School Of Medicine 1988-1989, Yale School Of Medicine Department Of Surgery

Yale Department of Surgery Bulletins

Annual report for 1988-1989.

Proceedings Of The 1987 Airlie House Conference On The Resources Planning Act, Clark S. Binkley, Ed, Garry D. Brewer, Ed., V. Alaric Sample, Ed.

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

Divergence Of The Single-Copy Dna Sequences Of The Western Grebe (Aechmophorus Occidentalis) And Clark’S Grebe (A. Clarkii), As Indicated By Dna-Dna Hybridization, Jon E. Ahlquist, Anthony H. Bledsoe, John T. Ratti, Charles G. Sibley

Postilla

Single-copy nuclear DNA sequences of individuals of Aechmophorus occidentalis and A. ciarkii were compared by DNA-DNA hybridization. In each of three experimental sets the average thermal stability of homoduplex and within-species DNA-DNA hybrids did not differ, but the between-species DNA-DNA hybrids dissociated at an average temperature 0.57°C below the median melting temperature of homoduplex and within-species hybrids. The difference was highly significant in all three sets. The median DNA sequence distance between A. occidentalis and A. clarkii is comparable to such distances between other closely related congeneric species.

Ultrastructure Of Metamorphosis In Hydractinia Echinata, Virginia M. Weis, Leo W. Buss

Postilla

The fine structure of metamorphosis in the athecate hydroid, Hydractinia echinata, is described. Metamorphosis was induced in two ways: by exposing planulae to appropriate microflora and by temporary exposure to an ionic imbalance. Larvae induced to metamorphose by ionic imbalance differed considerably in behavior, but little in fine structure, from those induced by microflora. Metamorphosis was initiated by the discharge of nematocysts and loss of neurosensory cells, followed by secretion of mucus from gland cells and dense-staining granules from supportive cells. Associated with these events is a severe folding of the larva and permanent adherence of the larva to the …

Population Programs: Measuring Their Impact On Fertility And The Personal Distribution Of Their Effects, T. Paul Schultz

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Child Survival, Nutritional Status And Household Characteristics: Evidence From Brazil, Duncan Thomas, John Strauss, Maria-Helena Henriques

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Household Farm, Cooperative Farm, And Efficiency: Evidence From Rural De-Collectivization In China, Justin Yifu Lin

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Health Policy And Data Quality: The Implications Of The Crossover Mortality Debate, Neil G. Bennett

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Toward The Phylogeny Of A Fossil Species Flock: Semionotid Fishes From A Lake Deposit In The Early Jurassic Towaco Formation, Newark Basin, Amy Reed Mccune

Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History

A radiation of fishes in the family Semionotidae is preserved in the sedimentary record of the great rift lakes that existed during the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic in eastern North America (Newark Supergroup)….

The Role Of The Higher Shelf Modes In Coastal Hydraulics, Roger L. Hughes

Journal of Marine Research

A simple barotropic model is used to establish the basic nature of the hydraulics of the various shelf modes in coastal flows. It shows that there is a major difference in behavior between flows with an even number of subcritical modes and those with an odd number of subcritical modes. It is suggested that a poleward flowing western boundary current exhibiting an odd number of subcritical shelf modes loses contact with the coast at that latitude at which the flow becomes critical to the next higher shelf mode. The East Australian Current and the East Cape Current are discussed as …

Solutions For Internal Tidal Generation Over Coastal Topography, P. D. Craig

Journal of Marine Research

Internal tides may be described by a hyperbolic equation which, for the case of constant buoyancy frequency, has constant coefficients. The equation is solved by using the characteristic geometry and characteristic functions to establish a set of linear algebraic equations in the modal amplitudes. The accuracy of the solutions can be assessed using energy considerations. The capability of the solution technique is demonstrated by simulating the barotropic generation of internal waves over linear topography, with emphasis on near-critical topography, when the solution exhibits high shears and discontinuous behavior at the critical slope. The structure of the waves is determined by …

Daily And Seasonal Variations In The Spatial Distribution Of Zooplankton Populations In Relation To The Physical Structure In The Ligurian Sea Front, J. Boucher, F. Ibanez, L. Prieur

Journal of Marine Research

Results from five hydrographic and biological surveys at different seasons across the Ligurian Sea front, using horizontal continuous measurements and vertical profiles are presented. The vertical circulation across the front is described, and two divergences and one convergence are identified as permanent features from data. The key to find their location for each survey is given. The spatial patterns of 14 zooplankton taxa along the transect are established using variance analysis, principal component and correspondence analyses. The spatial distribution of each taxon is related to the physical structure, and the convection cells evidenced by the scheme appear as different biotopes. …