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Assistant Secretary For International Affairs Clay Lowery Testimony Before The House Committee On Financial Services, Clay Lowery

Documents

Assistant Secretary for International Affairs Clay Lowery discuss the Administration's request for authorization to participate in the 15th replenishment (IDA15) of the International Development Association(IDA).

Surrogate Markers Of Success In The Bariatric Surgery Population, Alain Ramirez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between pre-operative weight loss, weight loss programs, and clinic attendance relative to the success of gastric bypass in class II and III obese patients. Background: The increasing number of obese children and adults in the United States poses an extensive social problem in the era of managed care. Notwithstanding the stigmatization associated with obesity, the considerable health implications along with the financial burden it imposes create a formidable adversary. Surgical procedures have proved to be superior to conservative and pharmacotherapeutic interventions in the morbidly obese. Despite the overall success …

The Immunoepidemiology Of Hookworm Infection In The Peruvian Amazon, Priya Shete

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Hookworm infection caused by Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus is a significant global health threat, causing chronic anemia, malnutrition, developmental delay, enteritis, and increased susceptibility to non-parasitic diseases. One of the most prevalent of the neglected tropical diseases, hookworm infection affects almost 1 billion people worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Current methods for diagnosis and treatment of hookworm infection are largely the same as they have been for the past century. However, several recent advances in the molecular characterization of hookworm virulence factors now provide researchers with an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis, potential targets for treatment and novel antigens …

In The Hands Of Others 2007 Annual Report Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale-New Haven Hospital

Yale New Haven Hospital Annual Reports

For the year 2007. Year ending September 30, 2007.

Use Of A Help-Wanted Index To Assess Marketplace Demand For Ophthalmologists, Chukwuemeka Nwanze

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Over the 26 year study period a consistent increase in the demand for academic ophthalmologists was noted (34% of HWI in 1980 to 74% in 2005). There was also a consistent increase in the demand for specialists (31% of HWI in 1980 to 80% in 2005), especially demand for retina specialists. There were no consistent geographical trends in demand. Need for academic ophthalmologists seems to be correlated with national research expenditure and stock market gains (p = 0.00191), while demand for private practice ophthalmologists seems to be correlated with the national economic wellbeing, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) …

Clinical Predictors Of Drug Resistance And Mortality Among Tuberculosis Patients In A Rural South African Hospital: A Case-Control Study, Jason Randolph Andrews

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The recent discovery of a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in rural South Africa, where HIV is rampant, has provoked alarms about the future of tuberculosis control in the region. Little is known about the clinical manifestations of MDR-TB in general, and XDR-TB in particular, in the high HIV prevalence settings of Sub-Saharan Africa. We performed a retrospective, case-control study of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis at a rural hospital in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa, where large numbers of MDR-TB and XDRTB cases have been identified. All MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients who began treatment for TB …

Interagency Statement On Pandemic Planning, United States: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (Ffiec)

Documents

No abstract provided.

No Observed Adverse Effects: Developing Neurons, Organophosphate Insecticides, And The 1996 Food Quality Protection Act, Brendan R. Jackson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Physicians are familiar with organophosphates (OPs) as a classic, though obscure, cause of cholinergic poisoning. Many opportunities for human exposure existsixty million pounds of OPs are applied as insecticides to sixty million acres of U.S. land each year, and, until recently, over one-fifth of Americans used these chemicals in their homes. Most physicians, however, still know little about the dangers that these pesticides pose to the developing nervous system. By the late 1980s, toxicologists increasingly recognized that toxicants such as lead and mercury, even at doses well-below the level required to cause symptomatic poisoning, could induce subtle, yet permanent, neurological …

The Uses Of Rickets: Race, Technology, And The Politics Of Preventive Medicine In The Early Twentieth Century, M. Allison Arwady

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Rickets, the bone disease classically caused by Vitamin D deficiency, was one of the most common diseases of children 100 years ago. It has been recognized as a disease of urban living and linked to issues of race and culture for generations. This paper uses unpublished patient records from 1904 to 1909 and archival and published materials from multiple community-based trials, including the New Haven Rickets Study (1923-1926), to explore how the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of rickets shifted in the first decades of the twentieth century in the United States. Before 1910, as evidenced by patient records, neither the …

Serum S-100b As A Potential Biomarker For Meningitis In Febrile Infants: An Interim Analysis, Kelvin C. Lau

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of this study is to identify the utility of serum S-100B levels as a marker for meningitis in febrile infants younger than 3 months of age. All infants younger than 3 months of age who presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) of Yale-New Haven Children's Hospital and required both a lumbar puncture and venipuncture due to either a confirmed rectal temperature ≥38.0°C or an overall presentation that concerned the responsible physician for possible meningitis and required a lumbar puncture as part of their PED evaluation, were prospectively enrolled. A total of 111 patients participated after a 1.5-year …

Toward A New Consciousness: Values To Sustain Human And Natural Communities, Anthony A. Leiserowitz, Lisa O. Fernandez

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

A Synthesis of Insights and Recommendations from the 2007 Yale F&ES Conference

Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus Colonization In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Shoaib Syed Ahmed

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Introduction: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a sensitive indicator of staphylococcal colonization and is considered a source of subsequent infection. When the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus colonization increased in our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), resulting in 3 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections over a 3 month period, we sought to further our understanding of S. aureus epidemiology and response to infection control practice. The purpose of this investigation was to study the methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), and further determine the clonal spread of MSSA strain types. Since few studies have analyzed the clinical profile of MSSA in neonates, …

Stigma Perceived By Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending The Infectious Diseases Clinic Of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Fann In Dakar, Senegal, Nana Akua Asafu-Agyei

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-associated stigma is pervasive throughout the world. This stigma affects the ability of HIV-positive individuals to cope with their illness and it also affects behaviors around sexual practices, disclosure to others and the use of healthcare. The purpose of the research project was to examine the experience of internalized stigma among HIV-positive persons and their perceptions of stigmatizing attitudes in the community. The study also examined disclosure of HIV serostatus and identified factors contributing to disclosure and stigma in Senegal, a low prevalence Muslim country in West Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire …

Depression Treatment In Hiv-Infected And Uninfected Veterans: Do Treatment Rates Vary By Hiv Status?, Kristen Sueoka

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Despite a higher prevalence of depression among HIV-infected veterans, previous research has shown that infectious disease (ID) providers report substantially less comfort with depression treatment than do general medicine (GM) providers. We examined whether HIV-infected veterans who are treated by ID providers are less likely to have their depressive symptoms treated compared to uninfected controls managed by GM providers. Methods: We used survey, service utilization, and pharmacy data on veterans from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS), a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected and age-, race- and site-matched uninfected subjects at 8 Veterans Affairs Healthcare Centers. We used the …

Cost-Effectiveness Of Hepatitis A And Hepatitis B Vaccination For Jail Inmates, Aditya Sharma

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Despite evidence that viral hepatitis poses a significant risk to public health, universal vaccination has not yet been implemented. The risk for viral hepatitis infection is particularly high among injection drug users and other individuals who do not attend regular health care visits. Jails provide a structural opportunity to vaccinate these high risk individuals. HAV and HBV vaccines administered on an accelerated three week schedule could dramatically decrease the lifetime risk for contracting viral hepatitis among jail detainees. Assuming that 75% of detainees would accept vaccination, 33% have previous exposure to HAV, 25% have previous exposure to HBV, and independent …

Medicine@Yale September/October 2007 Volume 3, Issue 5, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Anemia Among Hiv-Infected Individuals In South India, Ramnath Subbaraman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Objective: Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) resolves a significant proportion of anemia among HIV-patients in Western cohorts, outcomes may vary in developing countries, due to a higher prevalence of nutritional deficiencies, intestinal parasites, tuberculosis, and opportunistic infections. The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of, factors associated with, and influence of HAART on, anemia among HIV-infected individuals in South India. Methods: To examine factors associated with anemia, the first-recorded hemoglobin values for adults who visited an HIV tertiary care center in Chennai, India between January 1996 and April 2006 were collected (n=7069). Univariate and multivariate regression …

Medicine@Yale July/August 2007 Volume 3, Issue 4, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Medicine@Yale March/April 2007 Volume 3, Issue 2, Yale School Of Medicine Office Of Communications

Medicine@Yale - development newsletter

Medicine@Yale : advancing biomedical science, education and health care was a print and online newsletter which published news about academics, research and philanthropy for alumni, donors, faculty, students and the general public. It was initially published 6 times a year and then changed to a quarterly schedule. The first issue came out June/Jul. 2005. The final issue was published in May/June 2022, vol. 17, issue 1. Published by Yale School of Medicine, Office of Communications.

Prevalence And Predictors Of Chronic Liver Disease In An Urban Hiv Population, Sunanda Pejavar

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence and etiologies of CLD in an urban HIV-infected population and to identify CLD risk factors. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 799 HIV-infected patients seen at four New Haven health centers from 2002 to 2003. We applied the New Haven County Liver Study definition to identify patients with CLD. 65% were male, 44% were African American, and 23% were of Hispanic ethnicity. The mean age was 45 years. 30% had a history of alcohol …

Routine Anal Cytology Screening For Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions In An Ethnically Diverse Urban Hiv Clinic, Hyman Scott

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Anal cancer, like cervical cancer, is associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HIV+ patients have 38-60 fold increased risk of anal cancer compared to HIV- patients prompting many to suggest routine screening given the success of cervical Pap screening. Our goal is to describe our experience with routine anal Pap screening, determine which patients are most likely to have abnormal results, if anal disease on physical exam is predictive of cytology, and correlate cytology with histology findings. Charts of all patients with an anal Pap followed at the Hospital of Saint Raphael HIV Clinic were reviewed. Demographics, immune status, sexually …

Patterns Of Resistance To Antiretroviral Therapy Among Hiv+ Patients In Clinical Care, Akash Shah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance has posed major challenges to treatment advances of the last decade. However, few studies have analyzed the prevalence and time trends of drug resistance among HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy followed longitudinally in clinical care. The purpose of this study is to determine the cumulative prevalence of HIV genotypic drug resistance and the dynamics of resistance development in HIV+ patients in care. We hypothesized that a >5% increase in resistance would occur per 6-month period and a >15% increase in drug resistance would occur over 18 months. This retrospective longitudinal study consisted of patients from the two …

An Anatomy Based Health Education Curriculum Taught By Medical Students May Improve High School Students Health Knowledge, Jason Knight

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

To date, few high school based interventions have been shown to have lasting effects on adolescents' health behaviors. The need for health interventions targeting adolescents is underscored by data showing that several health behaviors with significant short and long term adverse effects begin in early adolescence and become progressively more prevalent toward late adolescence. This project tested the efficacy of a novel anatomy based health education curriculum at increasing health knowledge. The course was taught by first year Yale medical students. The curriculum placed emphasis on nutrition, physical activity and infectious disease. Forty Juniors from Career High School visited Yale's …

The Epidemiology And Clinical Presentation Of Leprosy In The Pediatric Population Of Paraguay, Jessica Anne Kattan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Several aspects concerning the biology and epidemiology of leprosy remain unknown. It has been recognized that the study of children with leprosy could provide important insight into unanswered questions, particularly if disease manifestations are carefully observed. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 308 cases of children aged 0-14 y/o was conducted at the Ministry of Health Leprosy Department in Asuncion, Paraguay. Data regarding age, gender, leprosy classification, transmission, detection, clinical presentation, presence and class of reaction, and disability were abstracted. Results: The study group ranged from 2 to 14 years of age. The incidence rate and the risk of …

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Polymorphisms And Invasive Streptoccus Pneumoniae Infections, Sarah Beth Doernberg

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Streptococcus pneumoniae[italicized everytime] (S. pneumoniae) causes a spectrum of disease severity, and human host factors likely play a role in this variation. One candidate factor is macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine and upstream regulator of innate immunity. The MIF[italicized when not in parenthesis] promoter contains two functional polymorphisms, a tetranucleotide (CATT) repeat such that MIF expression increases with repeat number from 5-8 and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) leading to a G-to-C transition, which results in increased MIF expression in cell line reporter assays. Emerging data suggest an association between high-expression MIF alleles and inflammatory disease. This …

The Economic Impact Of Aids Treatment: Labor Supply In Western Kenya, Harsha Thirumurthy, Joshua Graff Zivin, Markus Goldstein

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Interpersonal, Intertemporal And Spatial Variation In Risk Perceptions: Evidence From East Africa, Cheryl Doss, John Mcpeak, Christopher Barrett

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Yale Medicine : Alumni Bulletin Of The School Of Medicine, Autumn 2006- Spring 2007, Yale University. School Of Medicine

Yale Medicine Magazine - alumni bulletin and magazine

This volume contains Yale medicine: alumni bulletin of the School of Medicine, v.41 (Autumn 2006-Spring 2007). Prepared in cooperation with the alumni and development offices at the School of Medicine. Earlier volumes are called Yale School of Medicine alumni bulletins, dating from v.1 (1953) through v.13 (1965).

Digitized with funding from the Arcadia fund, 2017.

Successful Transition Towards A Virtuous Cycle Of Human Development And Economic Growth: Country Studies, Gustav Ranis, Frances Stewart

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Pathogenocide : Infectious Disease And The Intent To Destroy, Kristy M. Layton

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.