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Financial Stability Report, May 2023, Board Of Governors Of The Federal Reserve System (Fed) May 2023

Financial Stability Report, May 2023, Board Of Governors Of The Federal Reserve System (Fed)

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The People And The Experts: Alternative Views On Economic Affairs, William D. Nordhaus, Douglas Rivers May 2023

The People And The Experts: Alternative Views On Economic Affairs, William D. Nordhaus, Douglas Rivers

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

Are speculators driving up oil prices? Should we raise energy prices to slow global warming? The present study takes a small number of such questions and compares the views of economic experts with those of the public. This comparison uses a panel of 2000+ respondents from YouGov with the views of the panel of experts from the IGM at the Chicago Booth School. We found that most of the US population is at best modestly informed about major economic questions and policies. The low level of knowledge is generally associated with the intrusion of ideological, political, and religious views that …

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Internal Review Of The Supervision And Closure Of Signature Bank, New York State Department Of Financial Services (Nys Dfs) Apr 2023

Internal Review Of The Supervision And Closure Of Signature Bank, New York State Department Of Financial Services (Nys Dfs)

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Fdic's Supervision Of Signature Bank, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Apr 2023

Fdic's Supervision Of Signature Bank, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

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Bank Regulation: Preliminary Review Of Agency Actions Related To March 2023 Bank Failures, United States: Government Accountability Office (Gao) Apr 2023

Bank Regulation: Preliminary Review Of Agency Actions Related To March 2023 Bank Failures, United States: Government Accountability Office (Gao)

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Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Grahame Johnson, Grahame Johnson, Mercedes Cardona Apr 2023

Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Grahame Johnson, Grahame Johnson, Mercedes Cardona

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First Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call April 14, 2023, Eli Reith, The Pnc Financial Services Group Apr 2023

First Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call April 14, 2023, Eli Reith, The Pnc Financial Services Group

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Bank Failures: The Fdic’S Systemic Risk Exception, Marc Labonte Apr 2023

Bank Failures: The Fdic’S Systemic Risk Exception, Marc Labonte

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The View From Somewhere: Essays On Philosophy, Positionality And Power, Moya Mapps Apr 2023

The View From Somewhere: Essays On Philosophy, Positionality And Power, Moya Mapps

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The typical analytic philosophy paper is quite reticent about the personal, written as if its author occupied a “view from nowhere.” In a few subfields, however – feminist philosophy, philosophy of disability, critical philosophy of race – it is far more common for philosophers to write openly about how their personal experiences inform their work. In Chapter 1, “Getting Personal,” I argue that we have good reasons, both epistemic and political, to embrace these more openly personal methods of philosophical reasoning and writing. The personal is philosophical. In the remaining chapters I put theory into practice, building philosophical arguments informed …

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Statistical Methods For Modelling Structures In High-Dimensional Data From Genetics And Genomics, Chang Su Apr 2023

Statistical Methods For Modelling Structures In High-Dimensional Data From Genetics And Genomics, Chang Su

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

With the advancements in genotyping arrays and high-throughput sequencing technologies, the field of genetics and genomics has witnessed a surge in the collection and analysis of high-dimensional data in recent decades. These data, collected from large cohorts of individuals or tissues with heterogeneous cell types, often encompass complex underlying structures. For instance, major variations in genetic variants capture the ancestry background of profiled individuals, and gene co-expression networks encode the biological functions and molecular mechanisms in tissues and cell types. However, the high-dimensionality and biological complexity of these data present challenges for statistical estimation and inference with traditional methods. To …

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The Total Synthesis Of Nenestatin A, Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of Microansamycin A, And Exploration Of Aminoglycoside Anionic Glycosylation Applicability Using 4-Epi-Vancosamines, Madeline Chellel Frischling Apr 2023

The Total Synthesis Of Nenestatin A, Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of Microansamycin A, And Exploration Of Aminoglycoside Anionic Glycosylation Applicability Using 4-Epi-Vancosamines, Madeline Chellel Frischling

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The thesis herein describes a series of synthetic endeavors encompassing different natural product scaffolds and chemical space. In chapter one, I outline the first total synthesis of nenestatin A (10), an isolate featuring the benzo[b]fluorene core found in other atypical angucyclines such as the lomaiviticins and kinamycins. The route development was highly inspired by the synthetic groundwork laid by our laboratory for the lomaiviticin A monomeric unit, utilizing key fragments cyclohexenone (19) and masked quinone (20). Additionally, an adopted radical mediated cyclization furnished the fused ring system following a stereocontrolled aldol addition (59→61). The oxidation state of target nenestatin A …

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Stealth Dark Matter With Lattice Field Theory, Kimmy Kelly Cushman Apr 2023

Stealth Dark Matter With Lattice Field Theory, Kimmy Kelly Cushman

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This work presents non-perturbative lattice field theory calculations of the low-lying meson and baryon spectrum of the SU(4) gauge theory with fermion constituents in the funda-mental representation, known as stealth dark matter. This strongly coupled theory is an extension of the Standard Model, where the spin-zero baryon is the dark matter candidate. This work constitutes the first milestone in the research program to predict stealth dark matter self-interactions. The focus of this work is on reducing excited state contamination in the single baryon channel by applying the Laplacian Heaviside (LapH) method, as well as projecting the baryon operators into irreducible …

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Improving The Coherence Of Superconducting Quantum Circuits Through Loss Characterization And Design Optimization, Suhas Sham Ganjam Apr 2023

Improving The Coherence Of Superconducting Quantum Circuits Through Loss Characterization And Design Optimization, Suhas Sham Ganjam

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Realizing a practical quantum computer with superconducting qubits requires substantially higher gate fidelities, which necessitates further improvements in the coherence of superconducting quantum circuits. Steady improvements have been made over the past two decades, including substantial exploration into energy relaxation mechanisms in superconducting thin films. However, a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of the relative impact of these mechanisms does not yet exist. In this thesis, I utilize a multimode approach to systematically characterize microwave losses in the quantum regime, with the goals of understanding relaxation-limiting loss mechanisms and improving device coherence through materials, process, and circuit design optimization. Using this …

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Inclusive Hadron Yield Analysis In Small And Mid-Sized Collision Systems At Center-Of-Mass Collision Energy Of 200 Gev Per Nucleon At Star, Tong Liu Apr 2023

Inclusive Hadron Yield Analysis In Small And Mid-Sized Collision Systems At Center-Of-Mass Collision Energy Of 200 Gev Per Nucleon At Star, Tong Liu

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

At extremely high temperature and energy density, the quarks and gluons that make up protons and neutrons become asymptotically deconfined and form a novel state of matter called the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). This state of matter is experimentally created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where the high energy density carried by the incoming nuclei produce such a deconfined state.The QGP has been widely confirmed and studied in large collision systems like Au+Au and Pb+Pb, but whether the QGP exists in small systems like $p$+Au, and the dependence of QGP production on the collision system size are still open questions in the …

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Explicit Conformal Blocks, Alex Sandomirsky Apr 2023

Explicit Conformal Blocks, Alex Sandomirsky

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Conformal field theories (CFTs) are important in their application to critical phenomena,as fixed points in the renormalization group of QFTs, and with their role in the AdS-CFT correspondence. The conformal bootstrap has been a useful tool in carving out the space of allowed CFTs and relies on the computation of four point conformal blocks. Currently, a few specific examples for certain spin configurations are worked out in the literature; I set out to obtain general and explicit expressions for these blocks in three and four dimensions, for arbitrary spins. This is accomplished by working in the embedding space formalism of …

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Computational Investigations Of Solute And Solvent Transport In Nanoporous Desalination Membranes, Brian Andrew Shoemaker Apr 2023

Computational Investigations Of Solute And Solvent Transport In Nanoporous Desalination Membranes, Brian Andrew Shoemaker

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Solute and solvent transport through porous membranes is critical to important processes in biology and chemical separation. This is readily apparent in reverse osmosis desalination where nanoporous membranes with high permeability to water and excellent rejection of salt ions are utilized to procure clean, safe water from saline sources. Procuring sustainable worldwide access to an abundant supply of properly treated water is an immediate global concern for human health, economic development, and environmental preservation. Reverse osmosis desalination can play a central role in this pursuit by allowing access to the ample reserves of water in oceans and inland brackish sources, …

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Learning Brain Dynamics With Neural Operators, Antonio Henrique De Oliveira Fonseca Apr 2023

Learning Brain Dynamics With Neural Operators, Antonio Henrique De Oliveira Fonseca

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Understanding the intricate workings of the brain remains one of science's grand challenges. At its core, the brain operates as a dynamic system, with neural oscillations and coordinated activity patterns enabling integrated cognition. However, modeling these complex dynamics computationally has proven difficult. Traditional models often rely on restrictive assumptions about brain activity properties, limiting their utility. This thesis introduces innovative machine learning frameworks, utilizing neural operator techniques specifically designed for neural data, to model brain dynamics more effectively. Neural operators function as mappings between infinite-dimensional spaces, offering a flexible, data-driven approach to capture the complex spatiotemporal relationships in neural dynamics. …

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Dynamic And Individualized Small-Scale Brain Functional Organization, Wenjing Luo Apr 2023

Dynamic And Individualized Small-Scale Brain Functional Organization, Wenjing Luo

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Since functional MRI (fMRI) was first introduced as a non-invasive neuroimaging method for imaging brain function, it has been widely used for brain mapping wherein activities in various brain regions are associated with functions in both healthy and patient populations. To reduce noise in fMRI signals and ensure interpretability, the smallest spatial units in fMRI images, the voxels, tend to be grouped into nodes, and the nodes are grouped into networks, usually by applying an atlas defining the nodes. Despite that various parcellation methods have been proposed based on different imaging modalities and criteria, in almost all previous studies, a …

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Engineering Nanomaterials For Advanced, Aqueous−Based Applications: Exploring Physical And Chemical Dynamics With A Focus On Surface Chemistry, Junseok Lee Apr 2023

Engineering Nanomaterials For Advanced, Aqueous−Based Applications: Exploring Physical And Chemical Dynamics With A Focus On Surface Chemistry, Junseok Lee

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Despite recent advancements in water treatment processes, contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs), such as perfluorinated compounds, endocrine disruptors, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, and pesticides, among others, remain a challenge for conventional treatment processes. To address this, tailored, fit−for−purpose water treatment strategies are needed to meet specific raw water quality and end−user needs. Recently, advancements in engineered materials and processes at the nanoscale hold promise towards improving (or even reimagining) related environmental technologies. Nanoscale engineering and materials have been demonstrated to enable unique properties/processes, including high reactivity, allowing for enhanced adsorption, degradation, and filtration – and thus have significant potential …

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Uncovering Novel Biological Regulators Of Ribosome Biogenesis, Carson J. Bryant Apr 2023

Uncovering Novel Biological Regulators Of Ribosome Biogenesis, Carson J. Bryant

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Ribosomes are the complex macromolecular machines which assemble proteins in all forms of life, and their production process is known as ribosome biogenesis (RB). In eukaryotes, RB begins in the nucleolus with the transcription of the pre-ribosomal (pre-r)RNA, which undergoes modification, processing, and assembly into mature ribosomes. Malfunctioning RB can cause severe human diseases including rare developmental disorders called ribosomopathies, as well as cancer. Therefore, better understanding of the human RB machinery and its regulation is imperative for pursuing more effective clinical diagnoses and therapies. In this dissertation, I present work which simultaneously advances the field of RB in the …

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Engineering The Emergent Properties Of Complex Communities, Chang-Yu Chang Apr 2023

Engineering The Emergent Properties Of Complex Communities, Chang-Yu Chang

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Microorganisms perform critical functions throughout the biosphere and in biotechnology: from the biogeochemical cycle to the production of sourdough. The overwhelming majority of these functions are usually emergent from the collective outcomes of a large number of microorganisms living in a diverse community. Controlling and manipulating the functions of complex microbial communities is a major aspiration in modern biology. However, we lack a quantitative understanding of how often these functions are emergent, and when it occurs, how we can engineer the emergent properties of microbial communities. In this dissertation, I combine computational approaches with experiments using microbial communities to explore …

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Price Experimentation And Plan Design For Digital Firms, Ian Nicholas Weaver Apr 2023

Price Experimentation And Plan Design For Digital Firms, Ian Nicholas Weaver

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This thesis provides insights for firms on how to price and design product plans by combining experimentation and machine learning methods. In Chapter 1, we use multi-armed bandits from reinforcement learning to better inform firms on how to price experiment when faced with an unknown demand curve. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on plan design for a subscription based firm. In Chapter 2, we run a field experiment to determine the optimal amount of free offered by a firm, while in Chapter 3 we perform a content-level analysis using machine learning, which helps a firm choose a more appropriate plan …

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Messages, Secrets, And Catalysts In Population Protocols With Probabilistic Scheduling, Talley Amir Apr 2023

Messages, Secrets, And Catalysts In Population Protocols With Probabilistic Scheduling, Talley Amir

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The population protocol model introduced by Angluin et al. in 2006 offers a theoretical framework for designing and analyzing distributed algorithms among limited-resource mobile agents. The original model elegantly abstracts computation in complex systems of simple devices. However, some of these simplifications detract from the pragmatism of the theory in properly modeling real-world systems. In this work, we study various adaptations of the original population protocol model that are inspired by the networks that these algorithms aim to simulate. We focus on three such modifications to the model. First, we consider the separation of agent memory into two components: an …

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Apoptosis Recognition Receptors Regulate Skin Tissue Repair In Mice, Olivia Justynski Apr 2023

Apoptosis Recognition Receptors Regulate Skin Tissue Repair In Mice, Olivia Justynski

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

The skin is an essential barrier against the outside world, and must withstand constant exposure to damage from the environment. When this barrier is broken, it must be repaired quickly and effectively in order to prevent infection and restore function. The skin’s ability to heal wounds is vital for human health, and insufficient wound treatment is a major clinical problem, contributing to decreased quality of life and increased healthcare costs for many patients due to chronic or non-healing wounds. The complex process of wound healing involves the coordination of many cell types and signals, which were here investigated using single-cell …

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Peptide Nucleic Acids And Crispr-Cas9: Mechanisms And Rational Applications For Gene Editing Systems, Nicholas George Economos Apr 2023

Peptide Nucleic Acids And Crispr-Cas9: Mechanisms And Rational Applications For Gene Editing Systems, Nicholas George Economos

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

In the past decade, gene editing technology development has exploded across life sciences fields with promise to advance research, agriculture, industry, and the development of curative human therapeutics. Initially lead by CRISPR-associated nucleases and their ability to induce targeted DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), the gene editing toolbox continues to grow as new technologies emerge and improve. While the goal of these tools is to precisely manipulate DNA sequences in living cells, not all modifications are created equal. Small or large deletions and insertions, precise nucleotide changes, and combination approaches each entail different challenges and require cooperation with endogenous repair pathways …

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"Topographies Of Memory": Understanding State Violence Through Memorialization Practices, Morgan Faye Galloway Apr 2023

"Topographies Of Memory": Understanding State Violence Through Memorialization Practices, Morgan Faye Galloway

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

How do the politics of participation in memorialization processes vary across different forms of memory sites, and what do these processes reveal about participants’ understandings of state violence? Drawing on ethnographic and archival methods to study processes to memorialize victims of two cases of state violence in the U.S., I show that memorialization has political implications for the communities involved. First, I analyze the politics of participation of the Bainbridge Island Japanese American Exclusion Memorial (BIJAEM), a permanent, site-specific memorial to the first victims of forced removal and exclusion of Americans of Japanese descent during World War II. Second, I …

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Apollon’S Gift: Musical Therapy From Asklepieia To Bīmāristāns, Chihiro Larissa Tsukamoto Apr 2023

Apollon’S Gift: Musical Therapy From Asklepieia To Bīmāristāns, Chihiro Larissa Tsukamoto

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

This dissertation examines the history of music’s use for healing purposes in Antiquity and the Middle Ages and explores the contributions of Islamic medicine on historical musical therapy. It begins in ancient Greece with an examination of polytheistic ancient Greek music and medicine, moves to the role of music in Byzantine healing institutions after the Christianization of Greece, and to its role in bīmāristāns during the Abbasid, Mamluk, and Ottoman periods. Ultimately, it seeks to describe how music was used therapeutically in ancient Greek, Byzantine, and Islamic institutions of healing. Several ancient Greek philosophers believed music could affect the body, …

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Classical Sociological Theory Before The 'Fathers': The Radical Materialism Of Miss Harriet Martineau, Elexis Ellis Apr 2023

Classical Sociological Theory Before The 'Fathers': The Radical Materialism Of Miss Harriet Martineau, Elexis Ellis

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Harriet Martineau was a radical materialist in several respects. Taking the (Baconian) scientific method—avoiding confirmation bias by “bringing together an accumulation of facts previous to the formation of a theory”—to its radical conclusion by extending it to mental phenomena, her (wholly neurophysiological) anti-dualist ontology of human consciousness demolished the division between mental and natural philosophy, the special spiritual status of humans among animals, a clear distinction between thought and perception, & etc. Because it revealed humans—and the mental/physical activity thereof—to be wholly material, and therefore subject to observable laws of nature as any other physical phenomenon, it also made human/social …

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Fusing Symbolic And Subsymbolic Approaches For Natural And Effective Human-Robot Collaboration, Jake Noah Brawer Apr 2023

Fusing Symbolic And Subsymbolic Approaches For Natural And Effective Human-Robot Collaboration, Jake Noah Brawer

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Human-robot collaboration (HRC) is a field that studies how to combine the strengths of humans and robots to perform joint tasks. A crucial element of any successful collaboration is the ability for collaborators to flexibly adapt to each others' needs. In the context of HRC, this not only implies that robots can modify their behavior in-the-moment to directives issued by human users, but also that they can rapidly acquire the skills necessary for the task at hand. In turn, the knowledge acquired by a collaborative robot should be transparent and easily accessible, allowing users to adapt their behavior based on …

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Reading The Surface In Early Modern English Literature, Sophia Richardson Apr 2023

Reading The Surface In Early Modern English Literature, Sophia Richardson

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

“Reading the Surface” explores the interplay between the textual and the textural in the material and conceptual formation of early modern English literature. In preparing works for circulation in manuscript and print, sixteenth- and seventeenth-century writers imagined their creations not only (or even primarily) as paper and ink, but as fabrications of a different sort: crystals, jewels, and glasses; colored canvases and painted faces; costumes, clothing, bundles of rags, and elaborately worked textiles. Though the labor of both printer and scribe were central to early modern literary practice, the early modern literary imagination cast its net wider, seeking material reference …

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