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Articles 481 - 510 of 8516
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Central Bank Liquidity Assistance: Challenges Of Franchise And Asset Values In Banking Crises, Steven Kelly
Central Bank Liquidity Assistance: Challenges Of Franchise And Asset Values In Banking Crises, Steven Kelly
Documents
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Empagliflozin In Adult Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis, Peilin Austin Liu
Effect Of Empagliflozin In Adult Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis, Peilin Austin Liu
Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is a severe form of liver disease marked by fat accumulation, inflammation, and scarring, often advancing to cirrhosis. Currently, there are limited therapies to treat this condition. Empagliflozin, a Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 Inhibitor, that blocks renal reabsorption of glucose, has shown efficacy in reducing liver fat accumulation. However, there are currently no large-scale studies have investigated the effect of empagliflozin in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis using histological findings. We propose a randomized controlled trial to study the effect of empagliflozin on the resolution of Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. We will recruit participants with histology-confirmed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and …
The Effects Of Acupuncture On Retention Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder On Methadone, Joshua Horowitz-Benoit
The Effects Of Acupuncture On Retention Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder On Methadone, Joshua Horowitz-Benoit
Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses
The opioid crisis has resulted in an unprecedented loss of life in the United States and around the world and contributes to the socioeconomic devastation of various underserved and minoritized communities. Methadone is an evidence based, Food and Drug Administration approved treatment that reduces cravings and blunts the euphoric effects of illicit opioids. The drop-out rates from methadone programs, especially in the first 6 months of treatment, remain high. Acupuncture is a millennia old component of traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to aid in a variety of disease states, including opioid use disorder. The objective of this study …
Inference In A Stationary/Nonstationary Autoregressive Time-Varying-Parameter Model, Donald W.K. Andrews, Ming Li
Inference In A Stationary/Nonstationary Autoregressive Time-Varying-Parameter Model, Donald W.K. Andrews, Ming Li
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
This paper considers nonparametric estimation and inference in first-order autoregressive (AR(1)) models with deterministically time-varying parameters. A key feature of the proposed approach is to allow for time-varying stationarity in some time periods, time-varying nonstationarity (i.e., unit root or local-to-unit root behavior) in other periods, and smooth transitions between the two. The estimation of the AR parameter at any time point is based on a local least squares regression method, where the relevant initial condition is endogenous. We obtain limit distributions for the AR parameter estimator and t-statistic at a given point τ in time when the parameter exhibits unit …
Toward An Affective-Rhetorical Approach To Biblical Interpretation, Sophie R. Beal
Toward An Affective-Rhetorical Approach To Biblical Interpretation, Sophie R. Beal
Yale Divinity School Theses
No abstract provided.
Teaching Financial Econometrics To Students Converting To Finance, Stan Hurn, Peter C. B. Phillips, Vance Martin, Jun Yu
Teaching Financial Econometrics To Students Converting To Finance, Stan Hurn, Peter C. B. Phillips, Vance Martin, Jun Yu
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
Financial econometrics is a dynamic discipline that began to take on its present form around the turn of the century. Since then it has found a permanent position as a popular course sequence in both undergraduate and graduate teaching programs in economics, finance, and business schools. Because of the breadth of the subject’s foundations, its extensive coverage in applications and because these courses attract a wide range of students with accompanying interests and skill sets that cover diverse areas and technical capabilities, teaching financial econometrics presents many challenges to the university educator. This chapter addresses some of these challenges, provides …
Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Mark Branson, Mark Branson, Mercedes Cardona
Ypfs Lessons Learned Oral History Project: An Interview With Mark Branson, Mark Branson, Mercedes Cardona
Documents
No abstract provided.
Self-Weighted Estimation For Local Unit Root Regression With Applications, Zhishui Hu, Nan Liu, Peter C. B. Phillips, Qiying Wang
Self-Weighted Estimation For Local Unit Root Regression With Applications, Zhishui Hu, Nan Liu, Peter C. B. Phillips, Qiying Wang
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
A new self-weighted least squares (LS) estimation theory is developed for local unit root (LUR) autoregression with heteroskedasticity. The proposed estimator has a mixed Gaussian limit distribution and the corresponding studentized statistic converges to a standard normal distribution free of the unknown localizing coefficient which is not consistently estimable. The estimator is super consistent with a convergence rate slightly below the OP (n) rate of LS estimation. The asymptotic theory relies on a new framework of convergence to the local time of a Gaussian process, allowing for the sample moments generated from martingales and many other integrated dependent sequences. A …
Diagnostic Disclosure Using Script-Driven Imagery In Borderline Personality Disorder, Michelle Rodriguez
Diagnostic Disclosure Using Script-Driven Imagery In Borderline Personality Disorder, Michelle Rodriguez
Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses
Borderline Personality Disorder is a widely underdiagnosed psychiatric disorder associated with stigma and misinformation, both in the general public and clinical settings. Current diagnostic disclosure methods do not consider borderline-specific challenges, such as interpersonal hypersensitivity and emotion dysregulation. This has led to discrepancies in patient-provider communication approaches, perpetuating underdiagnosis and negative diagnostic experiences, impacting recovery outcomes and attitudes toward the condition. We seek to determine the efficacy of using script-driven imagery as a method of diagnostic disclosure and psychoeducation versus current practice for individuals newly diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. Our randomized controlled trial will assess efficacy as the proportion …
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring To Diagnose Acute Compartment Syndrome, Andres Yanez
Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring To Diagnose Acute Compartment Syndrome, Andres Yanez
Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses
Acute compartment syndrome is a condition of increased pressure in injured extremities leading to decreased oxygen delivery and tissue death in the limb. This condition requires prompt diagnosis to avoid complications such as muscle death and amputation. The current diagnostic standards rely on clinical findings, which are subjective, or compartment pressure measurements, which are painful, invasive, and prone to error. Near-infrared spectroscopy has shown promise as a direct, objective, and non-invasive alternative in identifying compartment syndrome. Tibia fractures are the most common predisposing injury to compartment syndrome. We propose a randomized controlled trial evaluating near-infrared spectroscopy to test for compartment …
Targeted Temperature Management Device Initiation Time And Neurologic Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest, Alexandra Liberti
Targeted Temperature Management Device Initiation Time And Neurologic Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest, Alexandra Liberti
Yale School of Medicine Physician Associate Program Theses
Targeted temperature management has been shown to improve neurologic status after cardiac arrest; however, recommendations for the timing of its initiation are unclear. Clinical trials have not directly studied time to targeted temperature management initiation, causing wide variability in protocol implementation. We propose a randomized, controlled, multi-center clinical trial to study the effect of early initiation of targeted temperature management in patients who achieve return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Data will be compared among patients who received initiation of targeted temperature management within 3 hours to those in whom initiation occurred after 3 hours. The primary outcome …
Regimes For Lender Of Last Resort Assistance To Illiquid Monetary Institutions: Lessons In The Wake Of Credit Suisse, Paul Tucker
Regimes For Lender Of Last Resort Assistance To Illiquid Monetary Institutions: Lessons In The Wake Of Credit Suisse, Paul Tucker
Documents
No abstract provided.
Limit Theory And Inference In Non-Cointegrated Functional Coefficient Regression, Ying Wang, Yundong Tu, Peter C.B. Phillips
Limit Theory And Inference In Non-Cointegrated Functional Coefficient Regression, Ying Wang, Yundong Tu, Peter C.B. Phillips
Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers
Functional coefficient (FC) cointegrating regressions offer empirical investigators flexibility in modeling economic relationships by introducing covariates that influence the direction and intensity of comovement among nonstationary time series. FC regression models are also useful when formal cointegration is absent, in the sense that the equation errors may themselves be nonstationary, but where the nonstationary series display well-defined FC linkages that can be meaningfully interpreted as correlation measures involving the covariates. The present paper proposes new nonparametric estimators for such FC regression models where the nonstationary series display linkages that enable consistent estimation of the correlation measures between them. Specifically, we …
Weekly Fed Report Still Drives Discount Window Stigma, Steven Kelly
Weekly Fed Report Still Drives Discount Window Stigma, Steven Kelly
Documents
No abstract provided.
Studying The Potential Superconductivity And Magnetism Of Linked Graphene Oxide Nanosheets, Nikita Sugak
Studying The Potential Superconductivity And Magnetism Of Linked Graphene Oxide Nanosheets, Nikita Sugak
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Of late, the fundamental electronic properties of systems have been tuned using confinement, including strain tuning of bandgaps in 2D materials and inducing or altering magnetic and superconducting properties. The use of nanoscale materials intercalated into 2D confinement systems has tremendous potential for fabricating materials whose behavior is markedly different from that observed at the macroscale. Tuning nanoscale properties by means of varying confinement spacing and inducing superconductivity provides a route to designing application specific materials with further use in catalysis, solid state battery electrodes, optoelectronics and quantum sensing amongst other applications. However, the development of these technologies is hindered …
Pathological And Protective Immune Responses During Covid-19, Jonathan Klein
Pathological And Protective Immune Responses During Covid-19, Jonathan Klein
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Since its introduction into humans in late 2019, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and resulted in the deaths of more than 6.5 million people in just 39 months. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a clinically heterogenous viral illness that may alternatively manifest as asymptomatic infection or a life-threatening viral pneumonia. This dissertation examines the range of pathogenic and protective immune responses generated in humans with COVID-19, with specific focus on the contribution of various maladaptive immune responses to the development of severe disease. The investigations presented here are organized into 4 chapters, …
Three Essays On Political Institutions And Accountability, Collin Thomas Schumock
Three Essays On Political Institutions And Accountability, Collin Thomas Schumock
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Institutions structure politics in important ways that can both help and hurt accountability. This dissertation is a collection of three self-contained essays that study issues of political institutions and accountability. Abstracts of the three essays are provided below. Legislative Term Limits and Variation in State Intergovernmental Transfers (Chapter 2):State transfers provide local governments with revenues that are consequential in both magnitude and impact. Similarly, these transfers are a significant expense for state governments. This state aid funds, among other things, education, public health, and welfare programs. Given the importance of these funds for local governments, it is important to understand …
Malaria Parasite, Host, And Drug Dynamics In The Context Of Artemether-Lumefantrine Treatment And Hiv-Infection, Justin Goodwin
Malaria Parasite, Host, And Drug Dynamics In The Context Of Artemether-Lumefantrine Treatment And Hiv-Infection, Justin Goodwin
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Malaria is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality with an estimated 249 million cases and 608,000 deaths in 2022, overwhelmingly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the primary treatment for malaria and combine a potent short-acting artemisinin with a longer-acting partner drug. ACTs rapidly reduce the initial parasite burden, eliminate residual parasites, and provide post-treatment prophylaxis against new infections. Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) is the most widely prescribed ACT globally and in SSA. Unfortunately, ACT efficacy is threatened by widespread resistance in Southeast Asia, and by the emergence of partial artemisinin resistance in SSA. SSA also bears …
Harnessing Microbial Warfare To Identify Products Lethal To Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Carrie Anne Flynn
Harnessing Microbial Warfare To Identify Products Lethal To Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Carrie Anne Flynn
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living amoeba (FLA) that causes untreatable, fatal infections of the central nervous system. FLA are ubiquitous in the environment, where they graze upon bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We interrogated P. aeruginosa—under evolutionary pressure to defend against amoebal grazing—as a producer of amoebicidal compounds that could serve as leads for new and urgently needed drugs to treat amoeba infections in humans. To accomplish this, we developed novel methods to quantify killing of A. castellanii trophozoites, pseudocysts, and cysts. Together, these high throughput, reproducible, and extensively validated assays provide a robust platform to measure viability of all …
How Molecular Chaperones Promote Pathogen Survival, Carissa Chan
How Molecular Chaperones Promote Pathogen Survival, Carissa Chan
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
All organisms require metal ions to help carry out biological processes. Mg2+ is the most abundant divalent cation in all living cells, where it neutralizes negative charges on DNA and RNA, acts as a cofactor for enzymatic reactions, stabilizes macromolecular complexes, and fulfills numerous other essential roles. Due to the critical nature of Mg2+ in all cellular compartments, cells have developed intricate mechanisms of sensing and responding to changes in intracellular and extracellular Mg2+. Inside the cell, Mg2+ concentration in the cytoplasm impacts the synthesis, maintenance, and degradation of proteins, which perform the vast majority of biochemical functions. First, because …
Superconducting Electro-Optic Modulator For Cryogenic Data Egress, Mohan Shen
Superconducting Electro-Optic Modulator For Cryogenic Data Egress, Mohan Shen
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
The increasing demanding for digital information processing capability presents significant challenge interms of energy consumption in big data centers and could servers. This high energy consumption results from the energy-intensive nature of CMOS-based CPU and GPU chips, which drives researchers to explore alternative computing platforms. Among them, cryogenic computing based on superconducting electronics is one of the most promising technologies, which includes rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuits for classical computing and superconducting quantum circuits for quantum computing. Fulfilling the superiority these cryogenic computation schemes promise, whether classical or quantum, relies on the development toward large-scale superconducting integrated circuits (ICs). …
Crust And Mantle Structure Beneath The Eastern Margin Of North America And Tectonic Implications, Yantao Luo
Crust And Mantle Structure Beneath The Eastern Margin Of North America And Tectonic Implications, Yantao Luo
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Plate tectonics is a vital factor to the uniqueness and habitability of the Earth. Fundamental plate tectonic processes including subduction, terrane accretion, and continental rifting not only shape the surface geologic features, but also modify the crust and mantle structure deep beneath the surface. Correlating the surface geologic information with the crust and mantle structure resolved by geophysical methods can further our understanding of key tectonic processes that have operated in the past and are still operating on this planet. In this dissertation, I investigate the crust and mantle structure beneath the eastern margin of North America using various seismic …
Spatial Multi-Omics Mapping Of The Human Brain Hippocampus, Graham Su
Spatial Multi-Omics Mapping Of The Human Brain Hippocampus, Graham Su
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
With the introduction of next-generation high-throughput DNA sequencing, “Omics” has become staple in biological and biomedical research. Currently, single-cell omics has enabled a wide range of biomolecular assays at single cell level including proteomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, and more. These techniques have the power to interrogate the different dimensional states of single cells and in parallel with one another. Extensive and rich datasets have been produced with these methods ranging from normal to developing to diseased cells, especially informative in delineating heterogeneous populations. However, the trade-off for high-throughput single-cell Omics is the loss of cellular phenotypic and positional information. When …
High-Dimensional Molecular Quantum Dynamics With Tensor-Trains And Quantum Computation, Ningyi Lyu
High-Dimensional Molecular Quantum Dynamics With Tensor-Trains And Quantum Computation, Ningyi Lyu
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
This thesis introduces numerically exact methods for simulating the quantum dynamics of complex molecular systems beyond the limitations of current models like Transition State Theory and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. By leveraging tensor-train-based solvers and advancements in quantum hardware, particularly bosonic circuit Quantum Electrodynamics (cQED) processors, we address the computational challenges posed by the "curse of dimensionality" of high-dimensional molecular wavepackets. Our methods demonstrate significant progress in modeling intricate chemical processes such as electron and energy transfer and photochemical reactions across various systems from biological complexes to in-solvent intramolecular charge transfer processes. We specifically focus on the development and application of …
Capturing Membrane Snapshots: A Quantitative Guide For Spatially-Resolved Extraction Of Membrane Proteins On Native Membranes, Caroline Brown
Capturing Membrane Snapshots: A Quantitative Guide For Spatially-Resolved Extraction Of Membrane Proteins On Native Membranes, Caroline Brown
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Membrane proteins (MPs) stand as pivotal regulators of cellular functions, orchestrating intricate processes vital for organismal homeostasis. However, traditional methodologies employed to study MPs, such as detergent extraction, often fail to accurately preserve the native membrane environment. This deficiency results in the loss of critical biological information, hindering our understanding of MP structure, function, and interactions. To address these limitations, I employ innovative strategies centered around the utilization of membrane active polymers (MAPs). MAPs offer a promising alternative to conventional detergent-based extraction methods by enabling the preservation of the native bilayer environment during MP extraction. Through their unique chemistry, MAPs …
Design Principles And Implementations Toward Particulate Solar Fuel Production With Carbon Capture And Utilization, Rito Yanagi
Design Principles And Implementations Toward Particulate Solar Fuel Production With Carbon Capture And Utilization, Rito Yanagi
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Due to the rising greenhouse gas emissions and increasing energy demand, efforts are urgently needed towards net zero emissions and beyond. Photocatalysts are promising technologies to not only achieve solar fuel production with zero emissions, but also can be integrated into carbon capture and utilization for negative emission. Photocatalysts, in the form of powder suspension or immobilized onto substrates as photocatalytic sheets, can potentially achieve low-cost solar fuel production due to its simplicity. However, its efficiency is still too low for any practical applications, and fundamental understanding on how photocatalysts operates under operating conditions are urgently needed to provide guidance …
Sacramental Reason: Speculative Thought In Catholic Modernity, Jack Hanson
Sacramental Reason: Speculative Thought In Catholic Modernity, Jack Hanson
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
This dissertation is a study of the position of Catholicism in the conceptual organization of secular modernity. Inspired by the plenitude of roles the Catholic plays in formations of religious and cultural self-narration, I take up three thinkers for whom the Catholic represents above all a means of navigating the contradictory structures of modernity, avoiding both the simple negativity of critique and the delusion of nostalgic reaction. For Charles Péguy, early intimations of a modern mysticism lead him to a paradoxical appreciation of his greatest antagonists, which in turn sets the stage for his return to the Catholicism of his …
Algorithm Dynamics In Modern Statistical Learning: Asymptotics, Universality, And Implicit Regularization, Tianhao Wang
Algorithm Dynamics In Modern Statistical Learning: Asymptotics, Universality, And Implicit Regularization, Tianhao Wang
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Understanding the dynamics of algorithms is crucial for characterizing the behavior of trained models in modern statistical learning. This thesis presents a few recent results on theoretical analyses of the dynamics of two classes of algorithms: Approximate Message Passing (AMP) algorithms and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). For AMP algorithms, the focus is to derive the precise asymptotic distributional characterization of the iterates, known as the ``state evolution'' which summarizes the dynamics of AMP iterates, and to understand the universality of such characterization with respect to the underlying data distribution. For SGD, the goal is to perform trajectory analysis to understand …
Data-Driven Methods For Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, Siyuan Dong
Data-Driven Methods For Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging, Siyuan Dong
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is a non-invasive imaging technique for studying metabolism and has become a crucial tool for understanding neurodegenerative diseases, cancers and diabetes. High spatial resolution MRSI is needed to characterize small lesions and intra-lesion heterogeneity, but in practice MRSI is acquired at low resolution due to time and sensitivity restrictions caused by the low metabolite concentrations. Therefore, there is an imperative need for a post-processing approach to generate high-resolution MRSI from low-resolution data that can be acquired fast and with high sensitivity. In computer vision, enhancing image resolution is known as image super-resolution, which is a …
The Impacts Of Economic Incentives On The Healthcare Safety Net, Justin Markowski
The Impacts Of Economic Incentives On The Healthcare Safety Net, Justin Markowski
Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations
The healthcare safety net is a foundational component of the broader US healthcare system. This collection of programs, organizations, and providers was created and structured by policy makers with the primary objective to expand access to high-quality healthcare in traditionally underserved communities. However, it is often unclear whether these policy efforts successfully counteract the systemic profit motives and baseline financial disincentives that are structured against certain patient groups and communities. This dissertation aims to explore the relationship between three sets of economic incentives and their respective policy environments, investigating the associated impacts on the performance and functioning of the safety …