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Journal Of Sociology And Social Welfare Vol. 4, No. 5

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

• The New Left and the Human Service Professions - Robert J. S. Ross
• Ryan Revisited: Updating the Prevalence of Bastards – Hudson R. A. Rosen, Lois J. Martindale
• The Non-Verbal Communication of the Physical Handicapped - Mary Jo Deegan
• Social Welfare and Danish Communes: An International Case Study - Thomas H. Shey
• Russia and America Compared: How Heavy is Our Welfare Burden – David Makofsky
• Ex Post Facto Evaluation of Neighborhood Organization Programs - Shimon E. Spiro
• The Prestige and Effectiveness of the Public Welfare Worker - Richard M. Grinnell, Nancy S. Kyte
• Three Strategies for Reducing Involuntary Segregation – …

Social Welfare And Danish Communes: An International Case Study, Thomas H. Shey

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The implementation of public assistance and related forms of social insurance, based on existing social welfare legislation, often discriminates against new and emerging social institutions such as collective families residing in a communal situation. A recent case study of the Danish experience has shown that, while members of such communes are in fact discriminated against by the authorities (as a communal entity), the system has simultaneously proven flexible enough to accomodate the majority of "problem cases" on an individual basis and in the process served to minimize potential social unrest and dislocation. Unlike their American counterpart, research has verified that …

Russia And America Compared: How Heavy Is Our Welfare Burden, David Makofsky

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A non-Western comparative model, totalitarianism, has conventionally been employed to describe qualitative differences between the United States on one hand, and the nations of the Communist world on the other. This paper explores welfare-related aspects of Communist (USSR) - Western (US) differences: First, the quantity of welfare and second, the mode of welfare distribution. In measuring the volume of welfare as the proportion of the state welfare expenses to the GNP or NMP respectively, the Russian proportion from 1958 (USSR l8.S8,, U.S. 10.6%) until the latest available comparative figures (USSR 23- 24%, US 15.2%) remains substantially greater. In terms of …

The Prestige And Effectiveness Of The Public Welfare Worker, Richard M. Grinnell Jr., Nancy S. Kyte

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

An empirically-based study was conducted to determine how BSW and MSW social work students differentially assess the relative prestige and effectiveness of public welfare work in relation to the fifteen other social work methods and to ascertain what methods they would ideally like to enter upon graduation from their programs. The study findings point dramatically to a wide discrepancy between the BSW and MSW student's view of the public welfare worker. Not only was the average prestige and effectiveness of welfare work rated significantly higher by the BSW students, but more than five times as many BSW as MSW students …

Ex Post Facto Evaluation Of Neighborhood Organization Programs, Shimon E. Spiro

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Quasi-experimental designs, which are currently dominant in the methodological literature on Evaluative Research, are mostly not appropriate for the evaluation of Planned Change in the social organization of urban neighborhoods. In this paper we propose an alternative approach, based on ex-post-facto case studies. Criteria for evaluation, as well as study design and instruments, are discussed in some detail. A concise summary of one local evaluative study is presented as an illustration.

Twelfth Conference On Medieval Studies, Medieval Institute, Western Michigan University

International Congress on Medieval Studies Archive

The printed program of the 12th Conference on Medieval Studies (May 5-8, 1977).

Ryan Revisited: Updating The Prevalence Of Bastards, Hudson R. A. Rosen, Lois J. Martindale

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Ryan, in Blaming the Victim, discusses welfare mothers in terms of an ideology of illegitimacy, and its impact on welfare policies. He then refuted the ideology. Since then several conditions have changed. This paper assesses how those changes may have affected Ryan's conclusions, and whether AFDC recipients most likely to fit the ideology differ from other unmarried, pregnant women. Hypotheses: AFDC and non-AFDC recipients will not differ significantly in (1) "promiscuity;" (2) contraceptive usage; (3) number of children being raised; and (4) solution to their problem pregnancy. The sample was 424 AFDC and 741 non-AFDC pregnant, unmarried women. While some …

The Non-Verbal Communication Of The Physical Handicapped, Mary Jo Deegan

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper explores the types of problems which may arise as a function of a physical disability and its effects on non-verbal communication. Examples of social interaction problems were obtained through participant observation at a physical rehabilitation hospital. The author assumes that social skills based on communication through and by the body need to be conceptualized and have implications for their use in therapeutic settings.

Three Strategies For Reducing Involuntary Segregation, Juliet Saltman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The involuntary aspects of residential segregation in this country are examined, a conceptual model of involuntary segregation is presented, and four causative factors of involuntary segregation are noted. These four factors are the targets of three recent corrective strategies which have been used in an attempt to reduce involuntary segregation. The three strategies -- fair-share plans, exclusionary zoning lawsuits, and community housing audits -- are reviewed and analyzed in terms of their potential success in reducing involuntary segregation. Though no single strategy would be sufficient, all three strategies in combination may ultimately achieve a reduction of involuntary segregation in our …

Observations On An Emerging Profession, Lincoln J. Fry, Jon Miller

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study examines the ranking that rehabilitation counselors received from their colleagues and clients in an alcoholism rehabilitation organization. The findings suggest that organizational power was the major determinant of the favorable ranking rehabilitation counseling received from colleaguest legitimacy appeared to accrue from power, not the reverse. Occupational visibility appeared to account for client ranking while knowledge that a powerless client group was controlled by others was found to be an important dimension of rehabilitation counselor standing with clients. One implication of the study is that the immediate social environments of occupations provide a meaningful place to begin to document …

Western News, April 21, 1977, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Two Honorary Doctorates to Be Given During WMU's Saturday Commencement, Bernhard Responds to AAUP Letter, Medieval Conference May 5-8, Schultz to Head National Council, Geography Department Participates in Major Rainfall Research Study, Sichel Co-Authors Economics Text, WMU Faculty Members Propose School Emergency National Contingency Plan, To Begin Oliver Street and Western Avenue Construction Projects About April 25 and May 2, WMU Police to Clock Tennis Serves and Thrown Baseballs with Radar

Western News, April 14, 1977, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Diamond Jubilee Plans Told, Conference Here to Examine 'Teacher Inservice Needs; Faculty Development, Amend Code of Student Life, Beethoven's 'Missa' is KSO Finale, Pastoral Counseling Workshop Set, Crime Prevention Tip Given

Western News, April 7, 1977, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Bernhard Wants Study of Liberal Education Here, Focus on Tomorrow's Teaching, Michigan Africanists to Meet Here, Siebert Leads Study of Religion, Lettermen in Return Engagement, Search Workshop on Campus, University Symphony to Present Five Student Soloists April 17, Aging Economics Talks Monday, 'Porgy and Bess" Coming, Report News Survey Results

Surfactants As An Aid In The Kraft Pulping Of Hardwood, Bradley A. Veld

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Surfactants were used in the pulping of Kraft hardwood chips in an attempt to decrease cooking time while attaining ·the same Kappa Number. It was found that surfactants could not be used to decrease cooking time, but anthraquinone and nonylphenol could be used to increase both yield and bond strength.Dimethylamides and quaternary ammonium salt surfactants were found to be detrimental to the pulping of hardwood resulting in hard uncooked chips

University Magazine Vol. 3 No. 1, Western Michigan University

Western Michigan University Magazine (1963-1980)

• The President's Message
• Capital Punishment- A Deterrent?
• Annual Report to Investors
• On Campus
• Recommended Reading
• Bronco Sports
• Alumni News
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam

An Evaluation Of The Asphalt Dispersion Units Effects At The Mead Corporation’S Otsego Paperboard Mill, Mark O. Harrison

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

An evaluation is presented as to the process effects of the asphalt dispersion unit at the Mead Corporation's Otsego Paperboard Mill. The parameters investigated were: steam consumption, refining load, production rate, temperature of process, machine cleanliness and sheet properties such as appearance, caliper, moisture, stiffness, and mullen plybonds. The procedures used are presented and the results are included as daily averages in tables and graphs. The asphalt dispersion units effects were determined by comparison of data taken when the unit was operating as opposed to when the unit was shutdown and by passed.

It was found that there was a …

Temperature Dependence Of The Retention Of Organic Fines Using A Cationic Retention Aid, Danny R. Mcrae

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Stock of 50:50 bleached Kraft softwood and hardwood run through the Valley beater at 350 CSF with high fines content (25-30% fines from softwood and hardwood fractions run through a Wiley mill) was prepared and tested for fines fractionation, fines retention, and system surface charge at 10, 25, 40, and 55°C using a Dow Chemical cationic polymer of 1,000,000 molecular weight: SEPARAN CP-7. The Britt Dynamic Drainage Jar was used for fines fractionation and retention data and Halabisky's Colloid Titration Technique for surface charge data. Cationic polymer loadings were taken at 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 pounds of polymer per ton …

The Effects Of Deinking Offset Printed Newsprint With Acetone And Perchloroethylene, Steven D. Schultz

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The possibility of deinking newsprint with organic solvents, acetone and perchlorethylene, were examined by varying solvent mixtures, temperature of extractions, number of extractions, and consistency of extractions. Promising results were obtained in finding optimum conditions for the variables above. Yields obtained were over 94%. Solvents were recovered by distillation.

The Effects Of Molecular Weight Of Cationic Retention Aids And Turbulence On The Retention Of Organic Fines, Dirk Swinehart

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The retention of organic fines is of major importance to the paper industry. Fines have been found to increase Mullen and tensile strengths. Increased retention, though my adversely affect drainage. Fines also adversely affect the environment when not retained in the sheet. They increase the turbidity of receiving waters and otherwise affect the bottom fauna because of settling. In receiving waters, they are a BOD problem as well as a source of color.

The dynamic drainage jar was used to test the retention of fines involving only colloidal forces. Three degrees of turbulence were used, 500 rpm, 1000 rpm, and …

Reading Horizons Vol. 17, No. 3

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 17, issue 3.

Measuring The Water Retention Of Coating Colors, Randy Musgrave

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The water holding properties of coating colors are important for both finished sheet properties and proper runnability on the coater. A test cell was constructed which is capable of measuring water retention of coating slips and predicting water hold out of base papers. The study showed that enzyme conversion time of starch was inversely related to viscosity and water retention. Also the level of sizing was determined to have the greatest influence on water hold out of base stocks.

How Lignin, Hemicellulose, And Cellulose Affect The Properties Of Oxygen Versus Kraft Pulps, Jeff C. Pobanz

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A batch of chips was subjected to an oxygen pulping and a kraft pulping system. The resulting pulp was tested in its unbleached condition. It was then bleached, tested again. Handsheets were tested using the Pulmac zero span tensile tester and other standard physical tests. The pulps were tested using the Pulmac permeability tester. This procedure gave the opportunity to look at how the differences between the individual fibers and their components affect the differences in the strength between oxygen and kraft pulp handsheets.

The oxygen pulp was severely degraded than was the kraft pulp. This led to shorter, weaker …

The Techniques Of Thin Layer Chromatography And The Study Of Carbohydrates Using Thin Layer Chromatography, Dennis J. Hippchen

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Refined Kraft pulp is found to contain D (+), Mannose, D (+) Xylose, and Glucose; and not to contain Galactose. Silia gel plates and Kieselguhr plates were used for the separation. Sodium hydroxide was the carrier solvent and the plates conditioned for thirty minutes.

The Kamag Vario-KS-Chamber is found to be a good effective laboratory tool. There are many areas where this technique can be used.

A detailed historical background is given for a basic background in thin layer chromatography, along with a complete experimental procedure of the use of the Vario-KS-Chamber.

The Graduate College Bulletin: 1977-1978, Western Michigan University

Western Michigan University Course Catalogs (1904-present)

• Section I: General Policies and Procedures • Section II: Master's Degree Programs and Requirements • Section III: Specialist Degree Programs and Requirements • Section IV: Doctoral Degree Programs and Requirements • Section V: Description of Graduate Courses • Section VI: The Graduate Faculty

Learning Basic (Reading) Skills K-12, Denny T. Wolfe Jr.

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Seldom in the history of American education has an issue received more public attention than the reading question is receiving today. Such an abiding concern about a basic skill is almost ironic in view of the fact that the last several decades have brought a flood of "innovations" in curriculum design and approaches to instruction. Prominent figures such as John Holt, Herbert Kohl, Neil Postman, Charles Weingartner, William Glasser, Ivan Illich, Carl Rogers, Alvin Toffler, and many more have called continually for radical school reform. "Relevance" and "change" have been by-words in virtually every piece of recent literature pertaining to …

The Effect Of Deletion Produced Syntactic Structures On Reading Comprehension, Vivian E. Theberge, Carl Braun

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

No abstract available.

Professional Concerns: English For Despisers, R. Baird Shuman, Ruth Van Arsdale

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Do some of your students view the book as enemy? Are some of your students completely turned off by English? Do you have trouble getting some of your students to read?

The Why And A Little How--Teaching Reading In The Content Areas, Linda Mixon Clary

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

One factor is understanding the reasons why the students have reading difficulties, while the other is finding some way to teach the subject content and reading at the same time.

An Assessment Of Phonics Knowledge In Special Education Teachers, Gay Goodman, Brad Hammond

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

In recent years, much attention has been given to the phonics skills of teachers and prospective teachers. Beginning in the early 60's with Aaron (1960), Gagon (1960), and The Torch Lighter: Tomorrow's Teachers of Reading (Austin & Morrison, 1961), it was noted that teacher training programs were deficient in the area of phonics training, and that, resultantly, prospective teachers showed a deficit in their knowledge of phonics. These results have been upheld by Ramsey (1962), Schubert (1962), and Spache and Baggett (1965), all of whom found that experienced teachers and/or prospective teachers showed a marked deficit in the basic phonics …

Faculty Recognition Dinner 1977, Western Michigan University

Faculty Recognition

Faculty Recognition Dinner

April 1, 1977

Honored Retirees:

• Henry J. Beukema
• Charles A. Blagdon
• Victor Coutant
• Raymond C. Deur
• Marcella S. Faustman
• Frances S. Hardin
• Harry S. Hefner
• Eleanore C. Linden
• Gerald C. Martin