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Increasing The Work Rates Of Visually-Impaired, Mentally Retarded Adults Through The Treatment And Prevention Of Overselectivity (Overshadowing) And Masking, John Schwade

Masters Theses

In Experiment 1, three legally-blind, mentally retarded adults were given 10 to 12 applications of discrimination training between pairs of sequential compound stimuli with immediate tactile and delayed (3- 3.5 sec) visual elements. Sorting responses were brought under the control of these stimuli. In 29 of 33 applications, discrimination training resulted in reduced sorting rates concommittant to overselectivity (overshadowing), such that stimulus control was acquired by only delayed visual elements. Single-stimulus discrimination training (SSDT) between the previously-overshadowed immediate tactile elements produced expression of stimulus control by those elements of compound stimuli in 5 of 6 cases. SSDT with novel stimuli …

The Support And Maintenance Of A Behavioral Teaching Methodology In The Public Schools, Sheryl M. Rippee

Masters Theses

A contract study center was the site for two experiments involving the modification of teacher behavior. The Center was located in a rural high school of 300 students and 15 staff members. The Center was school-wide and utilized contingency contracting and peer tutoring in order to help students on individual academic assignments. Experiment I was conducted to examine the effects of using teachers to support and maintain the behavioral teaching methodology used in the Center. Results of Experiment I indicated that teachers were not as effective in supporting and maintaining the Center on a half time basis as University Personnel. …

Analysis Of The Prehistoric Settlement Pattern Survey Project In The Lower Kalamazoo River Valley: The 1978 And 1979 Field Seasons, Deborah K. Rhead

Masters Theses

Western Michigan University's Settlement Pattern Survey, Implemented in the Spring of 1978 under the direction of Or. Elizabeth Garland, is an intensive problem-oriented survey aimed at discerning patterns of prehistoric settlement in Allegan County, Michigan. This thesis is based on the analysis of the Settlement Pattern Survey data for the 1978 and 1979 seasons. The use of sampling strategies in archaeology and corresponding problems with analytical statistics is examined with particular reference to the Settlement Pattern Survey Project. The application of cluster analysis to the Settlement Pattern Survey project 1s also discussed. As a result of this analysis, distinct patterns …

Western News, October 28, 1982, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: First College of Education 'Forum' is underway, Announce McKee Graduate Fellowship recipients, WMUK to begin $50,000 fund drive Sunday, OlD has student assistant awards available, On the Lansing scene; few things are predictable, Blanchard; Headlee respond to MAGB questions, Ziring: U.S. cannot prevent SW Asia change

The Westerner Vol. 3 No. 2, Western Michigan University

The Westerner (1980-1997)

• 'Partners in Progress' surpasses goal with 57.3 million • 'We shalI prevail,' says Bernhard • Kemp to step down from Board • Administration asked to 'consider' program cuts • Air Force coop program proves success • Feirer and Ziring are Distinguished Faculty Scholars • Ziring _cautions that U.S. dare not resist Middle East change • Distinguished Alumni Awards presented to four • Three receive McKee Graduate Research Fellowships • WMU Foundation elects new officers and directors • Computers and writing skills are inextricably tied • Organization established for EXCITE • 'Fanfares and Celebration': Dalton Center dedication lives up to …

A Summary Of Studies Related To The Effect Of Question Placement On Reading Comprehension, Katherine D. Wiesendanger, Ellen D. Birlem, John Wollenberg

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Most reading specialists would agree that the sole justification for the various decoding instruction in reading is to prepare the student for extracting meaning from the written symbol (Tinker and McCullough, 1962). The pronunciation of words without understanding their meaning is of little use to anyone. Therefore, the development of the processes by which meanings become associated with symbols must be provided for in any reading program (Bond & Tinker, 1973). According to Strang (1969), the mature reader must not only understand the literal meaning of a passage, but also interpret the author's statements, make critical judgments, inferences and evaluations, …

What To Do Until The Readiness Workbooks Arrive!, Patricia Cunningham, James W. Cunningham

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

On a brisk October morning, Ms. Kind arrived at school early. "Are those readiness workbooks here, yet?" she asked Ms. Leeder, the principal. "Not yet," Ms. Leeder replied, "but they should be here any day now." "I hope so," responded Ms. Kind. "This morning I noticed how much the leaves have turned. The school year is moving right along. Since the school system's goal this year is to have all children ready to begin reading instruction by the time they complete kindergarten, and my children have such a long way to go, I had better get started soon." "Well, they're …

Integrating The Language Arts For Primary-Age Disabled Readers, Robert F. Busch, Patricia W. Jenkins

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Children who attended the University of Missouri Child Study Clinic had an opportunity to participate in a program of reading instruction based upon a theory of the reading process developed by Kenneth S. Goodman. Goodman viewed reading as a meaning seeking process which has two characteristics. One is that the reader is attempting to get at meaning. The second is that he or she is using whole language to do so (Brenner, 1976). This whole-language comprehension-centered approach to the teaching of reading is rooted in the belief that children learn to read in as natural a way as they learn …

Reading Horizons Vol. 23, No. 1

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

Complete issue of Reading Horizons volume 23, issue 1.

The Dr-Ta: Avoiding Common Pitfalls, Jane L. Davidson

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DR-TA) described by Stauffer (1969, 1980) is currently being used by many classroom teachers at all levels of instruction. The DR-TA is a procedure which improves students' reading-thinking skills by encouraging students to establish their own purposes for reading.

The superiority of the DR-TA is well established (Stauffer, 1976), and teachers who use the strategy effectively indicate that students do increase their abilities to reason while reading. However, elements of the DR-TA are being distorted or misused by some teachers who may then wonder why children don't seem to respond "like they're supposed to." Some suggestions …

Western News, September 30, 1982, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Dalton Center dedication is 3 p.m. Friday on Arts Plaza, Milwood School project receives third year grant, The dedication of the Dorothy U. Dolton Center at Western Michigan University, Begin Reading Center; Clinic 50th anniversary

Defeminizing Social Policy, David Stoesz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Social policy initiatives by the evangelical right and neoconservative movements are reversing liberal programs that have benefited women. This represents an attempt to defeminize social policy. Essential to this transformation are theoretical interpretations of economics and sociology which, combined with religious conservatism, portend the restoration of patriarchal culture. The ideology guiding the defeminizing of social policy is so pervasive as to suggest that regaining ground lost will be exceedingly difficult for those promoting social services for women.

The Conservative Program Is A Women's Issue, Mimi Abramovitz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The Conservative program strikes deeply at the institutions that support the economic independence and security of women. This paper reviews social welfare budget cuts, the relaxation of affirmative action and workplace health and safety rules, and the social issues agenda of the New Right for their impact on women's economic, social and political status. It describes how the Reagan Administration's economic recovery program victimizes women, especially minority women. Not only is the "feminization" of poverty intensified, but women are sent from the paid labor market back to unpaid labor in the home, aided and abetted by the social issues agenda …

Conservative Policies And Women's Power, Kristine Nelson, Arnold S. Kahn

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The recent setbacks imposed on the feminist movement by the forces of the New Right have led women to an increased understanding of the importance of power in maintaining male dominance. Although men exercise power over women in a variety of ways, a review of the findings of social psychology indicates that almosL all types of power derive from men's activities in the public sphere. The exercise of power has become a part of the male gender role and a primary source of men's identity and self esteem. The feminist movement's challenge to men's exclusive hold on the public sphere …

Our Own Worst Enemies: Women Opposed To Woman Suffrage, Jeanne Howard

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Opposition by women to a movement which identifies itself as for women is not new. In the late 19th and early 20th century female anti-suffragists organized to oppose "the burden of the ballot." The writings of the "antis" (as the female anti suffragists became known) demonstrate an allegiance to class over gender, a sense of powerlessness beyond traditional roles and a fear of change. Exploring this early anti movement may give us a better understanding of the women opposed to the contemporary woman's movement.

Three Models Ofsocial Planning For Human Services In Energy-Impacted Communities, Bernie Jones, Janet Benson Jones

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Human service workers encounter many challenges as they face energy boom town situations in the Western United States. Currently, they respond following one of two models, corresponding to the role reserved for human services in the conservative laissez-faire and liberal enlightened capitalism models of American corporate behavior.

Shared Ethnicity As A Correlate Of Acceptance Of The Formerly Hospitalized Mentally Ill, Jonathan Rabinowitz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study looked at shared ethnicity of former mental patient and community member as a possible correlate of acceptance of the formerly hospitalized mental patient as a potential tenant. This study is an exploratory study with a comparative perspective using a design in which the willingness to accept a former mental patient as a renter in one of four groups is explored. Current research in this field has ignored the variable of shared ethnicity. The findings of this study did not reach the .05 level of significance, however the results seem to indicate that in some cases shared ethnicity is …

In The Case Of Manipulation, James L. Wolk

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article reports on the findings of research into the manipulative tendencies of 289 professional social workers in Michigan. Utilizing the Machiavellian scale and comparing the results with other studies, the author concludes that social workers, contrary to the conventional wisdom, have strong manipulative tendencies. Additionally, the more manipulative social workers are not isolated in any specific field or area of practice, but are scattered throughout the profession. Rather than be alarmed by this recognition, the author feels the profession must accept this reality and acknowledge that these manipulative tendencies are mitigated by a compassionate, humanistic value system.

Western News, August 19, 1982, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Kresge Foundation awards $100,000 challenge grant for Fetzer, Summer 'Flextime' hours will end Friday, Employment Office offers help in placing ads, Libraries to have limited hours for 'break', Student Center hours limited until Sept. 1

A Staff Training Program To Change Target Behaviors: Acquisition, Transfer, And Effects Of Behavior Management Training With Paraprofessionals, Patricia D. Foster

Masters Theses

This study assessed the direct and transferred effects of a training package consisting of written rules, modeling, role playing, and vocal verbal feedback on the behavior management skills of three paraprofessional staff and evaluated the resulting impact o f these techniques on the maladaptive behaviors of severely multiply impaired adults. A multiple baseline across three instructional situation types (a transition period in which staff were not assigned to a particular pupil, a group instructional session in which one staff was assigned to three pupils, and an individual instructional session in which each staff was assigned to one pupil) was utilized. …

Acquisition And Transfer Of Behavior Management Skills: An Empirical Functional Analysis Of Staff And Client Gains, Elaine Bellis

Masters Theses

A multiple baseline design across instructional conditions was used to assess the effects of a s ta ff training package consisting of written rules, daily monitoring, public posting of performance data, and allotments of contingent break-time privileges on the behavior management skills of tutors in suppressing the stereotypic behavior of retarded individuals. The intervention package was sequentially introduced in three different instructional conditions in the following order: a group session, a one-to-one session, and a transition period. Following baseline, three tutors were trained to apply consistent and accurate consequences to varying rates of self-stimulatory behavior exhibited by three impaired subjects. …

A Report Of An Internship In The St. Joseph Public Schools St. Joseph, Michigan, Dennis David Lundgren

Masters Theses

The purpose of this report is to describe a six week internship completed in the St. Joseph Public School System. The intern worked in the area of curriculum and personnel and became familiar with the role of Director of Curriculum and Personnel. Several major tasks related to that role were completed during the internship.

Chapter I contains a brief description of St. Joseph Public Schools. The chapter includes the intern's prospectus, including a description of the internship. The chapter also contains the intern's projected nature of internship experience.

Chapter II describes the experiences and major tasks completed during the internship. …

The Effects Of Intermittent Schedules Of Reinforcement On The Generation Of Adjunctive Behavior In Humans, Kenneth L. Hearn

Masters Theses

The primary goals of this study were: (1) to determine if interim behaviors occur with humans responding under intermittent schedules of reinforcement; -and, (2) if interim behaviors do occur, to compare the characteristics of those behaviors with the characteristics of adjunctive behavior in nonhumans. Two developmentally disabled males, ages 15 and 19, served as subjects. The subjects pressed a white panel for food, tokens and plastic objects under several schedules of reinforcement. The response rate on the white panel and the duration of interim behaviors that occurred during the inter-reinforcement intervals was measured using standard electro-mechanical equipment. All behaviors were …

Temporal Pattern Of Gluconeogenesis In Diabetic And Non-Diabetic Chinese Hamsters, John P. Ofenstein

Masters Theses

Gluconeogenesis is a normal physiological response of an individual to low blood glucose levels by which proteins are utilized in order to synthesize new glucose. Gluconeogenic rates in diabetic and normal Chinese hamsters were measured, on four different occasions over a 24 hour period, by injecting a radio-labelled precursor (¹⁴C-lactate) into the animals. Then blood was tested for incorporation of the label into glucose. In the fed state, gluconeogenesis shows a circadian change in nondiabetic hamsters as well as in diabetic hamsters, with the diabetic hamsters showing a significantly greater gluconeogenic rate than the non-diabetic hamsters for every …

A Study Of The Differences In And The Interrelationships Between Self-Concept, Personality Constructs, Irrationality And Social Anxiety In Two Different Populations Of Alcoholics, David D. Smith

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference in self-concept, physical self-concept, personality constructs, irrationality and social anxiety in two populations of alcoholics differing in length of sobriety. The interrelationships between the aforementioned variables were also examined. Multivariate analysis of individual test means was unable to demonstrate a difference between groups. Discriminative analysis found Identity and Physical Self subscales from the Tennessee Self Concept Scale were able to discriminate between groups. The Hysteria scale from the MMPI was found to have discriminative value. Scales from the Irrational Belief Test, Body Characteristic Scale, and the social anxiety tests were …

The Effects Of A Residential Basic Counseling Skills Training Program, Richard W. Fox

Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of a residential basic counseling skills training program on the interpersonal behavior of the participants.

The research design for this study was a pre- and post-test experimental and control group method. Program participants were 81 juvenile court workers with experience ranging from less than one to more than 20 years. The control group was 41 juvenile detention home workers in six locations throughout the State of Michigan who did not participate in the training.

The FIRO-B (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior) pre-test was administered to the experimental and control groups at …

The Effects Of Pentazocine And Tripelennamine On Analgesia And Locomotion, James Philip Cleary

Dissertations

The effects of pentazocine and tripelennamine, alone and in combination, were assessed on measures of analgesia (hot plate test) and locomotion (open field) in rats and mice. In Experiment 1, the combination of pentazocine and tripelennamine was found to produce analgesia at doses which were not analgesic when the drugs were given alone. This combination also reestablished analgesia in subjects made tolerant to pentazocine's effects. In Experiment 2, development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of pentazocine was delayed by addition of tripelennamine. In Experiment 3, locomotion was decreased by pentazocine at the highest dose. A similar reduction was produced …

A Model For A Self-Contained Videotape Training Program, Theodore D. Apking

Dissertations

Many organizations have a frequent need for employee training, and thus spend substantial sums of money on training. In an attempt to develop a model training program for use in such organizations, a self-contained videotape program was tested for its cost-effectiveness. It included rules describing the tasks, prerecorded videotapes showing correct and incorrect performance of those tasks, and score sheets for use by trainees while scoring the appropriateness of those performances.

The program produced significantly more task improvement than did lecture and discussion. The written and videotape components improved performance regardless of which was presented first. Once the skills were …

Micellarly Catalyzed Reaction Of Substituted Benzohydroxamic Acids, Nop Utrapiromsuk

Dissertations

The rate constants for hydrolysis of ten derivatives of benzohydroxamic acid, namely, p-H, p-CH(,3), m-CH(,3), p-CH(,3)CH(,2), p-OCH(,3), p-NO(,2), p-Cl, and m-Cl, in 0.160 and 0.158 M HCl at 67.9-68.2(DEGREES)C without and with sodium 1-dodecanesulfonate were determined. There is a good linear correlation between log k(,w) and the Hammett substituent constants, (sigma), for all para and meta derivatives where k(,w) is the rate constant in the bulk aqeous phase. In the presence of micelles all the compounds, except the meta-nitro derivative, followed the standard pseudophase model of micellar catalysis. However, correlations of log k(,m) or log K/N, where k(,m) is the …

The Use Of Bonus Pay To Produce Cost Effective Behavior Change In The Direct Care Staff Of A Residential Mental Health Program, William F. Uhlman

Dissertations

The literature on the design of mental health service systems and techniques to generate performance in the workplace was reviewed and synthesised to create guidelines for developing cost effective behavior change in mental health systems. The present study was an examination of the cost effective application of monetary bonuses to the completion of training objectives by professional and paraprofessional staff in a residential service setting. Training objectives consisted of the teaching of specific survival skills to adult mentally retarded clients that were designed to enable clients to move to more independent settings.

Two experiments were performed. Experiment 1 examined the …