Digital Commons Network^™

Training Manipulations Based On Acute Heart Rate Variability Measures, Brett Crossland, Brandon R. Rigby, Christopher Irvine 5098522, Matthew F. Brisebois, David L. Nichols Ph.D., Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart rate variability (HRV) is an accurate indicator of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity. The balance between these systems affects the time between heartbeats. A high variability between heartbeats is equated to a greater influence from the parasympathetic nervous system. In this state, an individual is well rested, and therefore possesses higher readiness to perform physical activity. Through the use of smartphone applications (apps), athletes and coaches can collect accurate short-term HRV readings to assess autonomic nervous system balance. These apps provide a readiness to train score that may prove beneficial in adjusting daily training loads to maximize performance. …

Physiological And Fitness Adaptations Following Eight Weeks Of Crossfit® Exercise, Matthew F. Brisebois, Todd J. Castleberry, Christopher J. Irvine, Sarah E. Deemer, Brandon R. Rigby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Over the past decade, CrossFit® has been rapidly growing in popularity. There are currently over 5,000 CrossFit® gyms around the world and the number of gyms is increasing each year. Health professionals are unable to provide clear recommendations for CrossFit® due to the limited amount of existing research that includes the program as an exercise intervention. PURPOSE: To characterize the cardiorespiratory responses, body composition, and other health-related physical fitness parameters before and after 8 weeks of CrossFit® exercise in sedentary adults. METHODS: Fourteen participants, including men (n = 4; age = 30 ± 8 yrs; height = 176.03 …

What Experiences Are Needed To Become A Division 1 Baseball, Football, Or Track Athlete? A Retrospective Study Of The Quantity Of Deliberate Play, Newsha Nikzad, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The acquisition of expert performance in various sports is generally attributed to the extended engagement in deliberate practice activities. Sport-specialization in high-school or earlier derives from the intent of developing sport expertise as well as the economic benefit of obtaining collegiate scholarships. Alternatively, sport-sampling allows for deliberate play. Deliberate play activities provide youths an opportunity to explore a variety of movements and tactics while encouraging innovation, improvisation, and the development of strategies. The influence of the family in the development of talent in sport is already established. Limited research exists that examines how deliberate practice activities in varied extracurricular activities …

Accuracy Of Fitbit Activity Trackers During Walking In A Controlled Setting, Jose L. Gamez Jr., Ivan A. Figueroa, Jesus P. Gonzalez, Perla Leyva, Naomi D. Lucio, Vanessa E. Salazar, Cindy L. Salazar, Merrill D. Funk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Activity trackers are widely used to measure daily physical activity. Many devices have been shown to measure steps more accurately at higher intensities, however, it is also important to determine the accuracy of these new devices at measuring steps while walking at a pace similar to that used during most daily activities. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of 6 popular activity trackers at measuring steps while walking on a treadmill. METHODS: Twenty-six college students (Mean±SD; 22.1±3.7yrs; 25.1±4.0kg/m²; 13 male) walked 500 steps at 3mph on a treadmill while wearing 6 different activity trackers (Pedometer, Fitbit Blaze, Charge …

Effect Of The Moderate And High Intensity Chronic Exercise On Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha And Langerhans Islets Histology In Healthy Rats, Alberto Jimenez Maldonado, Iván Rentería, Joel Cerna Cortés, Alejadrina Rodríguez-Hernández, Valery Melnikov, Adolfo Virgen Ortiz, Sergio Montero Cruz, Elena Roces De Á Lvarez-Buylla

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, negatively affects β-cell physiology and morphology, as occurs during type 1 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Physical exercise is a good tool to reduce the pro-inflammatory state. PURPOSE: The present study investigated the effects of moderate and high-intensity chronic exercise on plasma TNF-α levels in a basal state; it further analyzed whether these cytokine changes are associated with changes in the pancreatic Langerhans islets morphology under healthy state. METHODS: Two month-old healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (C) (n = 7), moderate intensity training (MIT) (n …

Exercise Does Not Stimulate Citrate Synthase Activity In Cachectic Muscle, Sarah Senger, Kira Pamerleau, Derek Wallace, Paul Rivas, Nicholas Musi, A. Pratrap Kumar, Darpan I. Patel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cachexia causes metabolic alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondria stimulated by inflammatory imbalance towards pro-inflammatory signaling. Previous work by our group has demonstrated that exercise significantly increases muscle mass in cases of advanced tumors in transgenic mice. Furthermore, we have discovered that the natural product Nexrutine® has anti-inflammatory properties which can be beneficial in protecting mitochondria. PURPOSE: To compare the effects of exercise and Nexrutine® on mitochondrial density in skeletal muscle taken from transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) models. METHODS: This project is a continuation of a larger study investigating the effects of exercise and Nexrutine® on the attenuation …

Effects Of Dose Timing On Fluid Excretion During Sodium-Aided Hyperhydration Protocols, Shelby L. Greene, Elizaveta Roslanova, David Morris

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Co-consumption of sodium and water has been shown to be superior in promoting hyperhydration compared to consumption of an equal amount of water alone. Most sodium-aided hyperhydration studies have provided subjects with a bolus of fluid followed by a urine collection period. However the effect of providing equal amounts of fluid in a single vs. multiple doses over time on fluid retention has not been systematically studied. PURPOSE: To compare the effects of different dosing strategies on urine excretion levels following the consumption of consistent amounts of sodium and water. METHODS: Urine excretion was measured during five separate …

Pharmacological Inhibition Of Mtor And Erk1/2 Resulted In Attenuated Protein Synthesis Rates In Differentiated C2c12 Myoblasts In A Similar Fashion To In Vivo Rodent Studies., John W. Deaver, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Stephen F. Crouse, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Fractional protein synthesis rates have long been used as in indicator of acute alterations in the anabolic state of various tissues. Through the use of a number of stable and isotopic tracer methodologies, the measurement of fractional synthesis rates (FSR) in vivo has become a staple of skeletal muscle physiology. Through the application of a deuterium oxide tracer, this project sought to measure pharmacological perturbations in fractional synthesis rates in culture in differentiated C2C12 murine myotubes. PURPOSE: To assess myofibrillar protein FSR in differentiated C2C12 murine myotubes following pharmacological inhibition of rapamycin-sensitive (mTOR) or -insensitive (ERK1/2) pathways, and how …

The Valsalva Maneuver For Assessment Of Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity, Carmen Campalans, Carsten Flores-Hansen, Scott Matjeka, Clarissa Quezada, Donovan L. Fogt, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The cardiovagal baroreflex is fundamental to understanding normal autonomic neural function, but can be difficult to assess. PURPOSE: In this study, we highlight the utility of the Valsalva maneuver for the assessment of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity during both vagal inhibition and activation. METHODS: Thirteen supine male subjects (21 ± .7 yrs; 173 ± 2 cm; 78 ± 4 kg) were instrumented with an electrocardiogram and a finger photoplethysmograph (Finometer, to assess beat-by-beat arterial pressure). Subjects then exhaled against resistance to an expiratory pressure of 40 mmHg for 15 s followed by a 2-min recovery. Subjects performed three trials, and we …

Characterization Of Protein Metabolism In Undifferentiated And Differentiated Murine Muscle Tissue, Jessica M. Cardin, John W. Deaver, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Stephen F. Crouse, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The emergence of cell culture experiments have greatly expanded the understanding of skeletal muscle physiology. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the behaviors of cells grown in culture at various stages versus in vivo. This preliminary set of studies was designed to assess alterations of anabolic responses between undifferentiated and differentiated muscle tissue in [high] and [low] glucose media along with varying dosages of insulin. Purpose: Determine if there is a disparity in fractional synthesis rates (FSR) between C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes with varying levels of insulin and in [high] (4.5g/L) and [low] glucose (2.75 g/L) media. …

Physical Activity, Park, Nature Trail Usage Among Students, Faculty And Staff At A Mid-Sized University, Samuel Ryan Sims, Bakeyah Nelson, Kristen Lanza, Joseph Lozano, Tom Kartrude, William Amonette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical activity (PA) is a vital component of a healthy lifestyle. There is strong evidence demonstrating an association between PA and reduced risk of many chronic diseases, increasing in prevalence and incidence in the United States. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to determine the PA levels of the students, faculty, and staff members of a mid-sized state university and how usage of a nature center and community park facilitated PA. METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional survey design was used to complete the study objectives. The 20-minute survey was distributed online using Survey Monkey to all faculty, staff …

Partial Or Complete Unloading Of Skeletal Muscle Leads To Specific Alterations Of Anabolic Signal Transduction, Colleen L. Oreilly, J William Deaver, Michael P. Wiggs, Florence Lima, Joshua M. Swift, Elizabeth S. Greene, Susan A. Bloomfield, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Consequences of disuse atrophy of skeletal muscle observed during spaceflight on astronaut health and performance are a focal point of space research. Decrements of both muscle mass and protein synthesis rates have been observed with exposure to varying muscle loading environments (1G > partial loading > 0G), and most of the reduced muscle mass can be attributed to diminished rates of synthesis. However, specific mechanisms behind unloading-dependent reductions of protein synthesis are not well defined.

PURPOSE: To determine whether or not alterations of anabolic signal transduction was responsible for the changes previously observed in fractional synthesis rates with specific gravitational loading …

Time-Course Of Diuresis During Sodium-Aided Hyperhydration Protocols With And Without Caffeine, Elizaveta Roslanova, David M. Morris

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

When used alone, both caffeine and sodium-aided hyperhydration (SAH) are ergogenic. When caffeine is used in conjunction with SAH, diuresis occurs, but hyperhydration is still achieved albeit at lower levels when compared to SAH alone. Caffeine has been shown to be ergogenic when taken as little as 5 min, or as much as 6 hr prior to the start of exercise. Thus, determining the temporal aspects of caffeine induced diuresis when used in conjunction with SAH may lead to superior pre-exercise nutritional strategies. PURPOSE: To investigate the time-course of caffeine-induced diuresis during a 90 min SAH protocol. METHODS Subjects …

Mental Toughness In Strength And Conditioning Training: Is It Really Necessary? Perspectives Of Elite Ncaa Strength And Conditioning Coaches, Andreas Stamatis, Eric L. Robinson, Grant B. Morgan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In recent years, there has been an increased awareness and consideration of the association of mental toughness (MT) in high performance in sports. However, MT remains both one of the most accepted and misunderstood terms in applied sport psychology, especially when it comes to strength and conditioning training and female student-athletes. PURPOSE: To investigate the beliefs of Strength and Conditioning Coaches (SSC) of women’s collegiate basketball in regards to MT. In more detail, based on the literature, field tendencies, and practice, 8 areas of interest were covered: 1) Conceptualization, 2) Value, 3) Development, 4) Gender Differences, 5) Measurement, 6) …

Comparison Of Smartphone Pedometer Apps On A Treadmill Versus Outdoors, Ivan A. Figueroa, Jesus P. Gonzalez, Perla Leyva, Jose L. Gamez, Naomi Lucio, Vanessa E. Salazar, Cindy L. Salazar, Miriam Garcia, Merrill D. Funk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Previous research has focused on the accuracy of smartphone pedometer apps in laboratory settings, however less information is available in outdoor (free living) environments. PURPOSE: Determine the accuracy of 5 smartphone apps at recording steps at a walking speed in a laboratory versus an outdoor setting. METHODS: Twenty-three healthy college students consented (Mean±SD; 22±3.8yrs; BMI 24.9±4.13kg/m²) to participate in 2 separate visits. During the first visit participants walked 500 steps at 3mph on a treadmill while wearing a pedometer and a smartphone placed in the pocket using 5 pedometer apps concurrently (Moves, Google Fit (G-Fit), Runtastic, Accupedo, S-Health). …

Social, Environmental, And Racial/Ethnic Factors In Diabetes Prevalence In The U.S., Zoe K. Whitworth, Scott P. Mclean, Jimmy C. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which socioeconomic status, race/ ethnicity, and disparities in neighborhood environmental factors affect diabetes prevalence among U.S. adults. METHODS: County-level data were collected from the 1000 U.S. counties with the highest diabetes incidence and the 1000 U.S. counties with the lowest diabetes incidence using the 2014 USDA Food Environmental Atlas. The dependent measure was diabetes prevalence. Independent measures were median household income, percentage of people with no car, percentage of population that was black, white, or Hispanic, and the number of fitness centers, fast food restaurants, farmer’s …

The Relationship Between Lower Limb And Trunk Muscle Activation And Serving Velocity In Ncaa Male Division I Tennis Players, Ashwini Kulkarni, Toyin Ajisafe, Poonam Mankar

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Tennis serve is one of the crucial component of the sport. However, there is limited research on the relationship between lower limb and trunk muscle activation and tennis serve performance. PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between trunk and lower limb muscle activation and serving velocity in NCAA male division I tennis players. METHODS: Ten male athletes (age:20.20+1.8 years; height: 177.40+12.7 cm; mass: 75.92+6.5 kg) participated in the study. Pearsons correlation coefficients and a quadratic multiple linear regression model was used to illustrate the relationship between muscle activation and serving velocity. RESULTS …

Effects Of Pre-Workout Supplements On Maximal Concentric And Eccentric Force Production During Lower Body Resistance Exercise, Austin Martin, Matt Hamm, Jose G. Pineda, Victor Uribe, Amy Hurtado, Austin Cross, Ty B. Palmer, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Due to claims of increased sport performance and decreased fatigue, “pre-workouts” are some of the most popular dietary supplements being sold today. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if two commercially available pre-workout supplements are effective at increasing peak concentric and eccentric force production during lower-body resistance exercise on a mechanized squat device.

METHODS: Three conditions were implemented: caffeinated pre-workout (C; Pre-Jym), non-caffeinated pre-workout (NC; Carbon Prep), and placebo (P). Participants served as their own control in a counterbalanced fashion, and the study was double blind (i.e. the participants and researchers were blind to the supplement …

Removal From Play Following Concussions In Pediatric Soccer Athletes, Aaron J. Zynda, Meagan J. Sabatino, Shane M. Miller

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Participation in youth soccer and sport-related concussion incidence has increased dramatically over the last decade. Established medical guidelines and Texas state law require immediate removal from play and prohibit athletes from same-day return to play if a concussion is suspected. However, there is limited literature examining the rate at which immediate removal from play is occurring. PURPOSE: To identify the frequency of immediate removal from play in pediatric soccer players with sport-related concussions. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 41 athletes diagnosed with a concussion sustained while playing soccer seen consecutively over a one year period. All …

Complexities Of The Body Weight Screening Experience: A Qualitative Analysis, Delaney Day, Alyssa Abreu, Eric J. Jones, Mark Faries

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and NIH emphasize the use of weight-related screenings as a means to increase motivation of overweight/obese individuals to manage body weight. Yet, little is known about individual responses to receiving such screenings, which could inform future research. PURPOSE: To examine the acute, qualitative responses to a common body weight and composition screening in a sample of women classified as ‘overfat’ by a validated body fat percentage (BF%) cutoff. METHODS: Of 14 volunteers responding to a study ad assessing personal experience to a weight screening, 10 women (30.21 ± 16.64 years; 39.39% ± 6.60%; 28.25 …

Hit Vs. Lsd: Four Days Of Intensive Training Does Not Influence Lactoferrin, But Lsd Increases Resting Il-6 While Attenuating The Acute Exercise Response, Yet Hit Elevates Salivary Cortisol Levels, Maria A. Cardenas, Michael Levitt, Brooke Burgess, Cheryl Haston, Adam Jaitner, Joel Mitchell, Melody D. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High intensity training programs (HIT) induce comparable endurance performance adaptations to those of continuous long slow distance training (LSD). HIT has increased, as athletes are able to maintain their VO₂ max or performance with less time, and reduced training volume. High training volume may be immunosuppressive. PURPOSE: To examine a major mucosal immune component (salivary lactoferrin), the circulating cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α), and cortisol response to HIT and LSD during 4 days of intensified training (IT). METHODS: Eight endurance-trained males (23.1±2.0yr,VO₂ max 53.9±5.3 ml×kg^-1×min^-1) performed two, 4-day IT protocols: HIT and LSD …

Eight Weeks Of Combined Exercise Training Induced Improvements In Insulin Sensitivity Is Associated With Improvement In Aerobic Capacity, But Not With Improvement In Strength., Manuel Amador, Cesar A. Meza, Cynthia K. Montenegro, Jeffrey D. Covington, Andrew Mcainch, George King, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A lifestyle compromised of predominantly sedentary behavior is a risk factor that promotes the development of metabolic syndrome. It has been demonstrated that individuals with blunted insulin sensitivity (IS) and metabolic flexibility (MF) tend to be more prone to develop the disease. An increase in physical activity is recommended in order to prevent cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. PURPOSE: to determine whether healthy, sedentary, normoglycemic, Mexican American men without a family history of type 2 diabetes are able to improve IS and MF after participating in a combined (aerobic/resistance) exercise intervention. METHODS: Subjects (n=6; 21.83±0.8 years; BMI 28.92 …

The Effect Of Oral Contraceptive Pill Use On Knee Joint Laxity In Women, Sarah L. Bevins, Hayley R. Miesse, Jimmy C. Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Schultz et al. (2004) demonstrated that 63% of the change in knee joint laxity (KJL) during a menstrual cycle was due to associated fluctuations in sex hormone levels. Use of oral contraceptives modulates the fluctuation of sex hormone levels during the menstrual cycle and thus may reduce fluctuation in KJL PURPOSE: Given that increased KJL is a known risk factor for sustaining knee injuries, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of oral contraceptive use on KJL during the follicular, ovulation, and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. METHODS: Sixty college-age women were screened for participation and …

Nexrutine® Mimics Exercise Preservation Of Muscle In Tramp Mice By Decreasing Proteolysis-Inducing Factor, Derek J. Wallace, Sarah Senger, Kira Pamerleau, Darpan Patel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cachexia is an adverse effect of prostate cancer (PCa) characterized by skeletal muscle loss which significantly impacts mortality and quality of life. Recently, proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) mediated activation of the ubiquitin proteasome system has been identified as a potential target for treating cachexia. Oncologists encourage nutritional and physical intercession to improve outcomes, however, it is unclear how these interventions impact PIF activity. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that Nexrutine^® (a natural bark extract of the Amur cork tree with anti-inflammatory capabilities) and exercise can independently attenuate muscle loss in a transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model by modulating …

Effects Of Wearing An Acl Brace On Hamstring And Quadriceps Muscle Activity When Performing A Body Weight Squat, Rory J. Mccullough Senior, Jimmy C. Smith, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

After surgical repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) a functional knee brace is used to support the injured knee. Of importance, would be the reduction of actions that would promote anterior tibial translation relative to the femur. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of a functional ACL brace proportionally reduces quadriceps relative to hamstring muscle activity during a body weight squat. METHODS: Seven collegiate athletes (20.5±1.0 yrs, 183.9±9.58 cm and 91.77±11.95 kg) provided informed consent and participated in this study. Two gel bipolar surface Ag-AgCl electrodes were placed on each of the …

Acute Effects Of Aerobic Exercise With Blood Flow Restriction On Pulse Wave Velocity In Females, Brittany N. Esparza, Margarita Gonzalez, Patrick Murphy, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To investigate the acute effects of a 20-minute walk/run at 40% VO2 with and without blood flow restriction on pulse wave velocity (PWV). METHODS: Seventeen female subjects, between the ages of 18 and 40, signed informed consent and were familiarized with the study protocol, on the same day measurements were assessed: height, weight, body composition, and thigh circumference. Followed by each subject performing the Bruce Protocol on a treadmill. Subjects were asked to come back to the lab hydrated and 8 hours fasted on two different days (separated by at least 48 hours). After reaching hydration, participants …

High Intensity Interval Exercise Does Not Influence Overnight Gh Secretion In Overweight Sedentary Young Women, Sarah E. Deemer, Todd Castleberry, Chris Irvine, Monica Mathis, Dan E. Newmire, Michael Oldham, Manisha Rao, Julie Yi, David L. Nichols, Vic Ben-Ezra, Kyle D. Biggerstaff

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise and sleep are the two major factors that influence growth hormone (GH) secretion and it has been well established that there is a strong positive relationship between exercise intensity and GH release. This dose-dependent response may also be correlated with the lactate response to exercise, with steady-state exercise intensities above the lactate threshold eliciting a greater GH pulse. It has yet to be determined, however, if high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) can influence overnight pulsatile GH secretion, which accounts for the majority of daily GH release. PURPOSE: To determine if HIE significantly increased overnight GH secretion compared to continuous …

Performance Related Hemodynamic Responses To Aerobic Exercise Across Different Stages Of The Menstrual Cycle, Patrick Gage Murphy, Danny Dominguez, Brittany Esparza, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The female menstrual cycle affects various physiological variables that may impact performance. The cyclical nature could lead to differences across the entire cycle and therefore it may be beneficial to recommend the timing of an individuals cycle in coherence with a performance event. PURPOSE: To examine the physiological changes, especially body water and hemodynamic measures that occur in females across their respective menstrual cycles in response to aerobic performance. METHODS: Eleven females (age = 21.2 ± 1.4 yrs) performed four sessions of aerobic activity at 75% of their calculated VO2 max as determined by the Bruce Protocol. The speed for …

Accuracy Of Fitbit Charge 2 Worn At Different Wrist Locations During Exercise, Vanessa E. Salazar, Naomi D. Lucio, Merrill D. Funk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Many newly released activity monitors use heart rate measured at the wrist to estimate exercise intensity, however, where the device is placed on the wrist may affect accuracy of the measurement. PURPOSE: To determine whether the Pure Pulse technology on the Fitbit Charge 2 will show different heart rate readings when placed on the recommended exercise position compared to the all-day wear position at various exercise intensities. METHODS: Thirty-five participants (MEAN ± SD; 22.0 ± 2.9yrs; 23.9 ± 2.6kg/m²; 18 male) consented to participate in a single visit where two Fitbit Charge 2 devices were placed …

The Relationship Of Visceral Adipose Tissue With Markers Of Energy Homeostasis Following Weight-Loss, Marcus A. Breden, Bryan K. Smith, Matthew P. Harris, Brooke Burgess, Adam Gloeckner, Melody D. Phillips, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Excess levels of adipose tissue, in particular visceral adipose tissue (VAT), is closely associated with the metabolic syndrome and dysregulation of energy homeostasis. It is hypothesized that leptin resistance results in overconsumption of calories and reduced satiety. Recently, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), beyond functioning in learning and memory, is shown to play a role in energy homeostasis via its positive satiety effects on the hypothalamus. However, it remains to be elucidated how changes in visceral adipose tissue are associated with changes in circulating leptin and BDNF after weight-loss. PURPOSE: To identify changes in adiposity and circulating leptin and …