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The Effects Of Müller-Lyer Illusions On Toe Height Clearance When Walking Up Stair, Benjamin Jeffrey Sims, Jaeho Shim Feb 2020

The Effects Of Müller-Lyer Illusions On Toe Height Clearance When Walking Up Stair, Benjamin Jeffrey Sims, Jaeho Shim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Tripping when walking over a stair can lead to a serious injury, especially to the elderly. Vision plays an important role when walking up stairs and increasing foot clearance is a common strategy used to avoid tripping. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if Müller-Lyer illusions can affect one’s foot clearance height and possibly reduce the risk of tripping. METHODS: The study was conducted both indoor and outdoor. In indoor lab setting, fifteen healthy individuals performed action task of walking up the stairs and perception task of judging stair height. The participants walked up a …

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Sex Dimorphism In Muscle Damage-Induced Inflammation, Casey Appell, Mohamed Fokar, Jakob Vingren, Hui-Ying Luk Feb 2020

Sex Dimorphism In Muscle Damage-Induced Inflammation, Casey Appell, Mohamed Fokar, Jakob Vingren, Hui-Ying Luk

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Evidence suggests that estrogen can provide a protective effect against muscle damage-induced inflammation. However, to date, no study has directly compared the muscle damage-induced intramuscular cytokines gene expression between men and women. Purpose: The purpose was to determine the intramuscular cytokine response to a bout of unaccustomed eccentric exercise in men and women. Methods: Untrained men (n=8, 22 ± 3y) and women (n=8, 20 ± 1y) completed a session of 80 unilateral maximal eccentric knee extensions. Vastus lateralis samples were collected and analyzed for gene expression of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß …

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The Effect Of Scapular Dyskinesis On Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Performance, Sophia Manokas, Tal Amasay, Vered Arbel Feb 2020

The Effect Of Scapular Dyskinesis On Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Performance, Sophia Manokas, Tal Amasay, Vered Arbel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test (UQYBT) is a functional assessment tool that measures the stability and mobility of the upper extremity, while also analyzing symmetry. Scapular dyskinesis is defined as an alteration of the positioning and function of the scapula that impacts the overall kinetic chain, inhibiting proper shoulder movement. This condition is most prevalent in athletes participating in overhead sports such as swimming and tennis. Scapular dyskinesis decreases the range of motion of the shoulder resulting in a weakened performance. While it is unknown whether scapular dyskinesis is a cause or effect, it is believed that it increases the …

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Acute Vs. Chronic Citrulline Malate Supplementation On Muscle Fatigue, Alyssa N. Fick, Tyler M. Farney, Matthew S. Stone, Robert J. Kowalsky, Christopher M. Hearon Feb 2020

Acute Vs. Chronic Citrulline Malate Supplementation On Muscle Fatigue, Alyssa N. Fick, Tyler M. Farney, Matthew S. Stone, Robert J. Kowalsky, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Citrulline malate has been proposed to aid in reducing fatigue by increasing blood flow through promoting an increase in the nitric oxide synthase pathway along with the ability to remove ammonia and lactate accumulations. Results on the effectiveness of an acute supplementation are mixed, but it is proposed that regular consumption may help to attenuate the onset of fatigue during exercise. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of acute and chronic citrulline malate supplementation on fatigue rate of the quadriceps. METHODS: Recreationally trained males (n=18, 24±5 yr, 83±14 kg, 174±6 cm) participated in seven testing sessions. The familiarization …

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Acute And Chronic Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Combined Exercise Training On Plasma Il-6 In Post-Menopausal Women, Kaci Orr, Michael M. Levitt, Jorde Trudel, Melody D. Phillips, Phil Esposito Feb 2020

Acute And Chronic Effects Of 12 Weeks Of Combined Exercise Training On Plasma Il-6 In Post-Menopausal Women, Kaci Orr, Michael M. Levitt, Jorde Trudel, Melody D. Phillips, Phil Esposito

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Post-menopausal women exhibit higher levels of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory myokine, and up-regulation of cellular receptors and cofactors for IL-6. Exercise is associated with an acute elevation of IL-6, but consistent exercise training diminishes this response. PURPOSE: to analyze the acute and chronic effects of 12 weeks of combined resistance and aerobic exercise training on plasma IL-6 in overweight or obese, post-menopausal women (55-75 years). METHODS: Forty-three women were randomly assigned to an exercise (EX, n=22) or an education (ED, n=21) group. EX completed resistance training (2 sets of 8 resistance exercises at 80% of 1RM) …

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Call For Advanced Training And Diet Programs Due To High Metabolic Demands Of Firefighting, Andrew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister Feb 2020

Call For Advanced Training And Diet Programs Due To High Metabolic Demands Of Firefighting, Andrew E. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Firefighters (FF) require high levels of muscular strength and cardiovascular fitness in order to meet the demands of firefighting. The National Fire Protection Association reported FF in the US are not meeting health and fitness recommendations, which results in poor simulated and on-duty occupational performance. PURPOSE: to examine the demands and stress placed on FF during a series of simulated FF specific physical tasks and identify potential strategies to improve FF specific performance variables. METHODS: Twenty apparently healthy male professional structural FF completed a battery of nine FF specific exercises/movements during a simulated fire ground test (FGT). The exercise included …

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Comparison Of Handedness, Athleticism, And Time To Position Under A Paired Sight Trial, Kadi Shipman, David Cutton Ph.D., Daniel Joseph Burt Feb 2020

Comparison Of Handedness, Athleticism, And Time To Position Under A Paired Sight Trial, Kadi Shipman, David Cutton Ph.D., Daniel Joseph Burt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proprioception is defined as the process of taking in and analyzing information about the position of the body. Proprioception can be tested by excluding the visual sense and performing arm movements in a repetitive manner. An arm kinesthesiometer, used to test proprioception, is a device that measures the angle of movement around a joint in 1 degree increments and allows both active and passive movement. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to determine whether sighted individuals perform better than those with occluded sight (blindfolded) due to proprioceptive awareness. METHODS: For 1 week, 92 student subjects from a …

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A Comparison Of An Aerobic Exercise Program And A Resistance Training Program On Cognitive Functioning In Healthy College Students, Samantha H. Gonzalez, Amber M. Shipherd, Tyler Farney Feb 2020

A Comparison Of An Aerobic Exercise Program And A Resistance Training Program On Cognitive Functioning In Healthy College Students, Samantha H. Gonzalez, Amber M. Shipherd, Tyler Farney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cognitive functioning declines begin occurring as early as 30 years of age. Research has found evidence that exercise influences cognitive functioning in elderly patients with Alzheimer's and dementia. However, while cognitive functioning has often been linked to academic achievement, there is a lack of research examining exercise and cognitive functioning in young and healthy populations. Furthermore, research has found both aerobic and resistance training can impact cognitive functioning, but there is a lack of literature comparing the impact of exercise mode on cognitive functioning. PURPOSE: To explore the differences between an aerobic and resistance training program on cognitive functioning …

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Southwestern University Community Perception On The Implementation Of Active Workstations On Campus, Brianna Lombardi, Vanessa Mikan Phd, Edward Merritt Feb 2020

Southwestern University Community Perception On The Implementation Of Active Workstations On Campus, Brianna Lombardi, Vanessa Mikan Phd, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical inactivity is a leading health concern facing our nation. The implementation of active workstations on college campuses serves to help reduce the amount of sedentary activity and increase physical activity of the campus community. PURPOSE: To see if the Southwestern community not only utilizes active workstations, but also perceives them to have an impact on their physical activity, productivity, and stress levels. METHODS: Forty-three students and twenty faculty members participated in a questionnaire regarding the physical activity level (Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire), sedentary behavior, and perception and use of the active workstations located on campus. Student …

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Physical Fitness Sex Differences Of Rotc Cadets, Ty Hill, Andrew A. Wolfe, Matt Laurent Feb 2020

Physical Fitness Sex Differences Of Rotc Cadets, Ty Hill, Andrew A. Wolfe, Matt Laurent

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Occupational requirements of military personal necessitate optimal levels of physical fitness; suboptimal levels yield detrimental operations. Consequently, female physical readiness and abilities in comparison to the male soldier fitness level is frequently questioned. Qualitative reports denounce masculine advantages, however, quantitative measures explaining sex differences in physical fitness of military personal remains unclear. PURPOSE: Clarifying the physical fitness difference of male and female militants was the purpose of this investigation. METHODS: A Freedom of Information Act request provided the researchers with Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) results (Raw 2-mile run, Raw 2-minute push-ups, Raw 2-minute sit-ups, Standardized 2-mile run, Standardized 2-minute …

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Fiber Type Profile And Its Relation To Wilks Coefficient In Both Male And Female Powerlifters, Steven B. Machek, Darryn Willoughby Phd, James R. Bagley, Andrew J. Galpin Feb 2020

Fiber Type Profile And Its Relation To Wilks Coefficient In Both Male And Female Powerlifters, Steven B. Machek, Darryn Willoughby Phd, James R. Bagley, Andrew J. Galpin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While powerlifters tend to display higher fast-twitch fiber content, it is unknown if this content predicts competitive performance via Wilks coefficient. Purpose: to 1) compare the myosin heavy chain (MHC) fiber type (FT) profiles between powerlifters and sedentary controls of both sexes, and 2) determine if fast-twitch fiber content predicts Wilks coefficient. Methods: Twelve actively competing powerlifters (PL; n=6M/6F; age=21±1.0y; 3.0±1.8y competing; 7.3±6.6 meets attended) and ten sedentary controls (CON; n=5M/5F; age=19.4±2.0y) underwent vastus lateralis muscle biopsies, with samples analyzed for MHC isoform content via mixed homogenate SDS-PAGE. Individual MHC isoform differences between group and sex were analyzed using a …

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Relationship Between Muscular Performance Changes And Increases In Body Mass During Overfeeding Plus Resistance Training, Christian Rodriguez, Robert W. Smith, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Baylor A. Johnson, Jacob R. Dellinger, Marqui L. Benavides, Bradley Vincent, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2020

Relationship Between Muscular Performance Changes And Increases In Body Mass During Overfeeding Plus Resistance Training, Christian Rodriguez, Robert W. Smith, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Baylor A. Johnson, Jacob R. Dellinger, Marqui L. Benavides, Bradley Vincent, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah J. White, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Two critical components of muscular performance are muscular strength (e.g., the maximal load that can be lifted for a given exercise) and muscular endurance (e.g., the maximal number of repetitions that can be performed at a given load). When seeking improvements in muscular performance, it is common to employ nutritional strategies that create an energy surplus and a resultant gain in body mass. Varying rates of body mass gain are often prescribed to optimize training adaptations, including improvements in muscular performance; however, the relationship between rate of body mass gain and muscular performance improvements, if any, is not entirely clear. …

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The Effect Of Acute Consumption Of Overtime Essential Amino Acids Sports Drink On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness In The Older Sedentary Population, Andi Johnson, Grant Wagner, Abraham Gomez, Jerene Yazzie, Klaudia Szych, Matthew A. Barlow Phd Feb 2020

The Effect Of Acute Consumption Of Overtime Essential Amino Acids Sports Drink On Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness In The Older Sedentary Population, Andi Johnson, Grant Wagner, Abraham Gomez, Jerene Yazzie, Klaudia Szych, Matthew A. Barlow Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Essential amino acids are necessary for nutrition whether obtained by digestion of proteins or by oral supplementation of amino acids. The elderly experience loss of skeletal muscles and decrease in their strength and function, which can lead to poor quality of life. Increased quantity and quality of proteins stimulates muscle protein synthesis that can help combat this natural aging process. Purpose: The aim of this study was to see if consumption of essential amino acid drink high concentrations of leucin (2040 mg/serving) during exercise will attenuate the condition of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness in the elderly. Also, we aimed to …

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Using Fitbit Competitions To Increase Physical Activity In College Students, Omar Ramirez, Vipa Bernhardt Feb 2020

Using Fitbit Competitions To Increase Physical Activity In College Students, Omar Ramirez, Vipa Bernhardt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

According to the World Health Organization (2018), physical inactivity is a leading risk factors for global mortality. Only one in four college students meet the current federal Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans of engaging in ≥150min/week of exercise (Raynor & Jankowiak, 2010). PURPOSE: The advancement of technology, especially in the acquisition of physical activity data combined with the desire for virtual social interaction, has not been studied in college students. It is unknown if physical activity trackers and accompanying mobile apps, such as Fitbit, could motivate college students to be more physically active. It was hypothesized that wearing a Fitbit …

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Relationships Between Walking Speed And Lower Extremity Muscle Quality And Strength In Elderly Females, Ahalee C. Farrow, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ethan A. Mitchell, Ty B. Palmer Feb 2020

Relationships Between Walking Speed And Lower Extremity Muscle Quality And Strength In Elderly Females, Ahalee C. Farrow, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ethan A. Mitchell, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The link between walking speed, rectus femoris (RF) muscle quality [echo intensity (EI)], and maximal and rapid strength in older adults is not well understood. PURPOSE: To examine the relationships between walking speed, RF EI, and maximal and rapid isometric torque characteristics of the leg extensors in elderly females. METHODS: Twenty elderly females (age = 67 ± 4 years; height = 159 ± 6 cm; mass = 68 ± 7 kg) underwent one diagnostic ultrasound assessment followed by three isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) of the leg extensors and a 6-min walk test. RF EI was measured on the right …

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Sex-Related Differences In Maximal And Rapid Hamstrings To Quadriceps Strength Capacities, Ethan A. Mitchell, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ahalee C. Farrow, Ty B. Palmer Feb 2020

Sex-Related Differences In Maximal And Rapid Hamstrings To Quadriceps Strength Capacities, Ethan A. Mitchell, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ahalee C. Farrow, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The balance between leg flexor and extensor strength, which is typically assessed using the hamstrings to quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio, has been implicated as an important factor in the kneejoint stability of younger populations. Sex differences in hamstrings and quadriceps maximal and rapid strength are commonly reported between young men and women; however, few studies have investigated the influence of sex on maximal and rapid strength H/Q ratios. PURPOSE: To examine sex-related differences in maximal and rapid strength H/Q ratios between college-aged men and women. METHODS: Ten physically-active men (age = 23 ± 3 years; height = 177 …

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Relationship Between Rate And Composition Of Mass Gain During Overfeeding Plus Resistance Training, Robert W. Smith, Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Jacob Dellinger, Marqui Benavides, Baylor A. Johnson, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah White, Christian Rodriguez, Bradley Vincent, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2020

Relationship Between Rate And Composition Of Mass Gain During Overfeeding Plus Resistance Training, Robert W. Smith, Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Jacob Dellinger, Marqui Benavides, Baylor A. Johnson, Abegale D. Williams, Sarah White, Christian Rodriguez, Bradley Vincent, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A common goal among athletes is to gain additional body mass (BM), particularly fat-free mass (FFM), in order to improve muscle strength, power, and overall performance. Athletes typically undergo BM accretion over a specific period of time in conjunction with high-volume resistance training (RT) in order to preferentially gain FFM and promote concomitant muscular performance improvements. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the rate of BM gain and the proportion of BM gained as FFM versus fat mass (FM) during a 6-week period of overfeeding and resistance training. METHODS: 21 resistance-trained males …

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The Effect Of Short-Term Adventure-Sport Curriculum On The Level Of Mental Toughness Of Undergraduate Students, Katie Moscati, Jordan Boyea, Andreas Stamatis, Steven Maynard Feb 2020

The Effect Of Short-Term Adventure-Sport Curriculum On The Level Of Mental Toughness Of Undergraduate Students, Katie Moscati, Jordan Boyea, Andreas Stamatis, Steven Maynard

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) has been associated with both higher academic and physical performance. Adventure sports studies involve exposure to exploratory and risk-taking activities aiming to facilitate positive psychological characteristics. Although such programs are frequently promoted for this purpose, there is lack of empirical evidence concerning the effects of such a curriculum on the levels of MT in undergraduate students. PURPOSE: To examine the efficacy of an adventure-sport curriculum on the levels of MT of freshmen, undergraduate students throughout their first semester in the program. Hypothesis: The MT levels of the participants increase at the end of the semester. METHODS: In …

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Physical Fitness Differences Between Rotc Ranger Challenge Cadets And Regular Rotc Cadets, Sarah Matthews, Andrew Wolfe, Matt Laurent, Andi Green, Ty Hill Feb 2020

Physical Fitness Differences Between Rotc Ranger Challenge Cadets And Regular Rotc Cadets, Sarah Matthews, Andrew Wolfe, Matt Laurent, Andi Green, Ty Hill

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical fitness has proven its worth for military personal, as a whole, and individually. A high physical fitness level serves as an influencing variable to completion of special military operation initiation trainings (i.e. BUD/S Training). Consequently, militant whom possess a higher level of physical fitness may gain greater occupational advancement opportunities/placement. Pre-commissioned military programs requiring rigorous physical activity participation, superior to typical physical training (PT), may yield optimal physical capacity for cadets seeking special military operations commission, and/or alternative military placement involving physically demand responsibilities. The fitness level of cadets enrolled in military programs requiring elevated PT standards compared to …

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The Effects Of A Dynamic Warm-Up On Exercise-Induced Redistribution Of Monocytes And Natural Killer Cells, Mahmoud T. Elzayat, Emily C. Lavoy Feb 2020

The Effects Of A Dynamic Warm-Up On Exercise-Induced Redistribution Of Monocytes And Natural Killer Cells, Mahmoud T. Elzayat, Emily C. Lavoy

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Proportions of leukocyte subsets in peripheral blood are altered post-exercise and return to baseline during recovery. This is caused in part by exercise-induced increases in stress hormones. Inclusion of a pre-exercise dynamic warm-up has been shown to decrease markers of cardiovascular stress during exercise. However, whether a warm-up can attenuate changes to the immune system with exercise has not yet been examined PURPOSE: To compare monocyte and natural killer (NK) cell mobilization following a bout of high intensity aerobic exercise with and without a dynamic pre-exercise warm-up. METHODS: 16 physically active adults (7 women, 27.8±4.4 years) cycled 30 …

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A Dietary Assessment Of Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease, Kathleen E. Adair, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Matthew Peterson, Jeffery L. Heileson Feb 2020

A Dietary Assessment Of Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease, Kathleen E. Adair, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Matthew Peterson, Jeffery L. Heileson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Diets of adult individuals with mid-spectrum (stages III and IV) Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) remain understudied. The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans food patterns based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) in concert with the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (NKF KDOQI) guidelines are advised to individuals with CKD. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) remains the best method for tracking CKD progression, yet relationships between self-reported dietary intake and eGFR are understudied. PURPOSE: To assess the self-reported dietary pattern in patients with stage III or IV CKD in contrast to the RDA and NKF KDOQI dietary guidelines …

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Influence Of Acute Water Ingestion On Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Estimates Of Body Composition, Jacob R. Dellinger, Baylor A. Johnson, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Marqui Benavides, Sarah White, Abegale D. Williams, Robert W. Smith, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2020

Influence Of Acute Water Ingestion On Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Estimates Of Body Composition, Jacob R. Dellinger, Baylor A. Johnson, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Marqui Benavides, Sarah White, Abegale D. Williams, Robert W. Smith, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Body composition estimation is a significant component of health and fitness assessments. Multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) uses multiple electrical frequencies that travel through body tissues in order to estimate fluid content and body composition. Prior to body composition assessments, it is common to implement a wet fast (i.e., a fasting period that allows water intake); however, the influence of a wet fast as compared to a dry fast (i.e., disallowing water intake) is relatively unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of acute water consumption on MFBIA body composition estimates. METHODS: A randomized crossover study was conducted in …

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Perceived Wellness Of College Professors, Faculty And Staff, Molly E. Fenoglio, Andrew A. Wolfe Feb 2020

Perceived Wellness Of College Professors, Faculty And Staff, Molly E. Fenoglio, Andrew A. Wolfe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

With the current rise in various concerning health conditions, researchers are placing greater importance on overall wellness. The World Health Organization defines wellness as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Additionally, wellness is thought to be a crucial component to living a higher quality of life. Previous studies suggest that physical activity could play a large role in overall perceived wellness; however, current research has yet to explore this relationship. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of the current investigation was to determine the relationship between physical wellness and the …

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Agreement Between 4-Compartment Model And 7-Site Ultrasonography For Tracking Weight Training-Induced Changes In Body Composition, Abegale D. Williams, Grant M. Tinsley, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Marqui Benavides, Sarah White, Baylor A. Johnson, Robert W. Smith, Jacob Dellinger, Christian Rodriguez Feb 2020

Agreement Between 4-Compartment Model And 7-Site Ultrasonography For Tracking Weight Training-Induced Changes In Body Composition, Abegale D. Williams, Grant M. Tinsley, Matthew T. Stratton, Patrick S. Harty, Marqui Benavides, Sarah White, Baylor A. Johnson, Robert W. Smith, Jacob Dellinger, Christian Rodriguez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Tracking body composition changes provides valuable information in a variety of contexts, including aging, disease, and lifestyle interventions. The 4-Compartment (4C) model is widely accepted as a criterion molecular-level method for evaluating body composition by integrating data from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), air displacement plethysmography (ADP), and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). Ultrasonography (US) is another method of body composition estimation that evaluates subcutaneous adipose tissue at various body sites. PURPOSE: To evaluate the agreement between body composition changes detected by a molecular-level 4C model and a 7-site skinfold thickness-based US method in response to weight training and a hypercaloric diet. …

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Tracking Resistance Training-Induced Changes In Body Composition Via 3-Dimensional Optical Scanning, Sarah J. White, Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Jacob R. Dellinger, Baylor A. Johnson, Robert W. Smith, Abegale D. Williams, Marqui L. Benavides, Grant M. Tinsley Feb 2020

Tracking Resistance Training-Induced Changes In Body Composition Via 3-Dimensional Optical Scanning, Sarah J. White, Patrick S. Harty, Matthew T. Stratton, Jacob R. Dellinger, Baylor A. Johnson, Robert W. Smith, Abegale D. Williams, Marqui L. Benavides, Grant M. Tinsley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Tracking changes in body composition is potentially useful for monitoring health status, disease risk, and results of lifestyle interventions. In active individuals, evaluating body composition changes over time may provide useful information regarding the effectiveness of nutrition and exercise programs. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare changes in body composition estimates obtained from a 4-compartment (4C) model and a 3-dimensional optical (3DO) scanner in resistance-trained males. METHODS: Twenty resistance-trained males underwent assessments via 4C and 3DO before and after 6 weeks of supervised resistance training plus overfeeding with a high-calorie protein/carbohydrate supplement. To generate the …

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Age-Related Differences In Forearm Muscle Size And Handgrip Maximal And Rapid Force Characteristics, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ethan Mitchell, Ahalee C. Cathey, Ty B. Palmer Feb 2020

Age-Related Differences In Forearm Muscle Size And Handgrip Maximal And Rapid Force Characteristics, Chinonye C. Agu-Udemba, Ethan Mitchell, Ahalee C. Cathey, Ty B. Palmer

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

With handgrip strength being an important predictor of future disability and mortality, it is essential to expand our understanding of the age-related changes in handgrip strength characteristics and their underlying mechanisms. Previous studies have reported that decreases in muscle size of the forearm may contribute to age-related deficits in wrist flexion strength. However, we are aware of no previous studies that have examined the contribution of forearm muscle size to age-related differences in handgrip strength, and more specifically, the age-related differences in handgrip maximal and rapid force characteristics. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of age on forearm muscle size …

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Blood Lactate Response To Active Recovery In Athletes Vs. Non-Athletes, Jessica Hinojosa, Robert J. Kowalsky, Christopher M. Hearon Feb 2020

Blood Lactate Response To Active Recovery In Athletes Vs. Non-Athletes, Jessica Hinojosa, Robert J. Kowalsky, Christopher M. Hearon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Previous research has indicated an optimal intensity for active recovery following a bout of exercise for the removal of blood lactate to be at 80% of the individual’s lactate threshold. However, these previous research studies have relied primarily on highly trained athletes. Therefore, the 80% of lactate threshold might not be the optimal intensity for non-athlete populations attempting to recover from lactate producing exercise. Purpose: To investigate the acute blood lactate response during active recovery at 80% of lactate threshold for athletes vs. non-athletes following a vigorous bout of activity. Methods: Apparently healthy and active young adults (N=16, …

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Differences In Bone Mineral Density At The Femoral Neck And Lumbar Regions Across Female Soccer Players, Olympic Lifters And Power Lifters, Woohyoung Jeon, John Michael Harrison, Philip Stanforth, Lisa Griffin Feb 2020

Differences In Bone Mineral Density At The Femoral Neck And Lumbar Regions Across Female Soccer Players, Olympic Lifters And Power Lifters, Woohyoung Jeon, John Michael Harrison, Philip Stanforth, Lisa Griffin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Power lifting can improve total body bone mineral density (BMD), but improvements in the regions most susceptible to injury (femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae) have not been demonstrated. Soccer players, who engage in odd-impact loading, have greater BMD at the femoral neck than sedentary controls. Olympic lifting involves both high- and odd-impact loading at the femoral neck and lumbar regions, but comparisons in BMD across sport-specific athletes have not yet been made. PURPOSE: To examine differences in total BMD and BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar vertebrae between female power lifters (PL), Olympic lifters (OL), soccer players (SP) and …

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Changes In Health And Physical Fitness Parameters After 6 Months Of High-Intensity Group Exercise In Firefighters, Matthew Sokoloski Feb 2020

Changes In Health And Physical Fitness Parameters After 6 Months Of High-Intensity Group Exercise In Firefighters, Matthew Sokoloski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cities annually budget thousands of dollars for rehabilitation services due to work-related injuries that affect firefighters. Proper training methods may be used as an effective preventative measure for many of the musculoskeletal injuries sustained as a first responder that are inherent with the profession. The physical demands of firefighting require that the individuals employed in this profession be, at minimum, in good physical condition. The traditionally low fitness levels and poor exercise habits of firefighters may predispose this population to an increased risk of chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to …

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Twelve Weeks Of Nitrate, Beta-Alanine, Or Combined Treatment In Ncaa Division Iii Male Soccer Players, Javier Zaragoza, Jessica Prather, Stacie Urbina, Brian Brabham, Camille Rex, Vince Kreipke, Lemuel Taylor Feb 2020

Twelve Weeks Of Nitrate, Beta-Alanine, Or Combined Treatment In Ncaa Division Iii Male Soccer Players, Javier Zaragoza, Jessica Prather, Stacie Urbina, Brian Brabham, Camille Rex, Vince Kreipke, Lemuel Taylor

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In a sport of long duration, such as soccer, with many high-intensity bouts interspersed within the match, enhancing performance to last the duration of the match and maintain high levels of intensity is paramount. Thus, with proper nutrition and physical preparation, supplements such as beta-alanine (due to its intracellular buffering capacity) and nitrate (due to its vasodilatory and ergogenic effects in endurance exercise) may have value in this population. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of chronic supplementation with nitrate, beta-alanine, or combined treatment in NCAA Division III male soccer players. METHODS: Twenty-two …

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