Digital Commons Network^™

Studying The Pathogenesis Of Ulcerative Colitis Under The Influence Of Plumbagin, Justin E. Pile

Mahurin Honors College & Office of Scholar Development

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease in humans that causes inflammation and ulceration of the inner lining of the colon and rectum. Approximately 5% of these patients develop colon cancer in the long term. Lack of effective treatments for patients with ulcerative colitis necessitates a search for the development of an effective alternative therapy. In an acute model, UC was induced in five groups (each of 5 replicates) of 10-week-old female C57BL/6 mice by DSS administration for 7 days. Plumbagin (PL) was administered via drinking water to four diseased groups @ 2-10 mg/Kg (body weight) for another 7 days. …

The Prevalence Of Essential Hypertension In Kasigau, Kenya, Lindsay Williams

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a widespread chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) which is on the rise in developing countries. Evidence based on extensive research studies on risk factors for NCDs suggests that they could be easily significantly decreased by simply controlling their risk factors. Although high blood pressure has been recognized as a leading risk factor for CVD, little research has been done to document the prevalence and incidence of essential hypertension (EH) in lower socioeconomic developing countries. One such country is Kenya. It was found in our research study that Kasigau …

“Make Your Move, Choose Your Food”: A Healthy Lifestyles Empowerment Campaign, Michelle Child

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

This thesis documents the campaign “Make Your Move. Choose Your Food.” This healthy lifestyles empowerment campaign was one of six conducted in Bowling Green, Kentucky during February 2012 for the Public Relations Student Society of America’s (PRSSA) 2011-2012 Bateman Case Study Competition through the public relations capstone courses Journalism 454 and 456. The objective of this campaign was to encourage children, teenagers, parents, educators and community organizations to improve their individual health and the health of the community. My team, consisting of four public relations seniors and myself, created three overall objectives grounded in research, planned strategies specific to our …

Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizae To Influence Yield, Available Soil Nutrients And Soil Quality In Conventional Vs. Organic Vegetable Production, Gary Thomas Cundiff

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This research is a two year study on the effects of endomycorrhizae on vegetable production using conventional vs. organic practices. Objective of this study was initiated to determine if mycorrhizae improve yield, available soil nutrients and soil quality from two different fertilizer sources. Measurements were taken on yield, available soil nutrients, and soil quality in comparison of glomalin production and soil loss percentage. Two plant species were chosen, Tomatoes (‘Big Beef’) and Bush Beans (‘Tenderette’). A randomized split block 2 x 3 factorial treatment arrangement was used with two crops and three different inputs: Mo- 0 mycorrhizae, M1- recommended rate, …

Racemization Of Amino Acids In Teeth For The Determination Of Age, Andrea Lee Toll

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Instrumental to forensic investigations is the ability to identify unknown human remains providing key evidence to criminal cases, resolution to missing persons, and assistance in mass or natural disasters. Identification of remains in an effort to determine age is an area of forensics that has received considerable attention. Traditional methods in age determination such as morphology are often biased, antiquated, and frequently result in a large margin of error. Conversely, the emergence of new forensic techniques provide promise to reduce the margin of error in determining age. One such technique has focused on relating the extent of amino acid racemization …

Biomass Assisted Synthesis Of Antibacterial Gold Nanoparticles And Commentary On Its Future Potential And Applications In Medicine, Chad Willis

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Xylose is a natural monosaccharide found in biomass such as straw, pecan shells, cottonseed hulls, and corncobs. Using this monosaccharide, we report the green synthesis and characterization of biocompatible, biodegradable xylose encapsulated gold nanoparticles (Xyl-GNPs) with potential antibacterial activity. GNPs were synthesized using the bioreduction property of xylose on the chloroaurate anions in an aqueous solution at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure. The characterization of synthesized GNPs was examined by UV-vis spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results indicate that the particles were stable; near spherical in shape with an …

The Use Of The Blood Lactate Curve To Develop Training Intensity Guidelines For The Sports Of Track And Field And Cross-Country, Chris P. Belcher, Cynthia L. Pemberton

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 148-159, 2012. The purpose of this study was to develop and field test a standardized system of training intensity guidelines for the sport of track and field/cross country, modeled after the standardized system of training intensity guidelines developed, adopted, and in use by U.S.A. Swimming. This study was quantitative and focused on the development and field-testing of standardized training intensity guidelines, based on the blood lactate curve and energy metabolism. The findings showed that as intensity increased so did participants’ blood lactate concentration, heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion. A Pearson product-moment correlation …

Differences In Force-Velocity Characteristics Of Upper And Lower Limbs Of Non-Competitive Male Boxers, Danai Giovani, Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis

International Journal of Exercise Science

Int J Exerc Sci 5(2) : 106-113, 2012. Despite the increasing popularity of boxing, only a few studies have been conducted on the physiology or the biomechanics of this sport. The aim of the present study is to examine the ratios of mechanical characteristics (maximal anaerobic power, P_max, theoretical maximal force, F₀, and velocity, v₀) between upper and lower limbs of male boxers. Twelve male caucasians, all members of a local fitness club, aged 29.5 (3.2) yr [mean (standard deviation)], stature 1.74 (.05) m, body mass 77.9 (8.1) kg, body fat 22.4 (3.9) % …

Vitamin D Status In Lean And Obese Mexican American Children, Nadia H. Agha, Whitney L. Breslin, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide problem amongst adolescents and adults, particularly in minority populations due to high skin melanin content. Melanin blocks the absorption of UVB photons, which limits natural vitamin D accumulation, requiring more dietary intake of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Low levels of vitamin D are inversely correlated with systemic inflammation possibly mediating the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and disease. Adequate levels of vitamin D may decrease the risks of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, common cancers, and …

Effects Of Telephone Intervention On Maintaining Fat Loss And Physical Fitness Following Summer Intervention Program, Carlos Garcia, Kyung-Shin Park

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is known that children gain most of extra weight and lose physical fitness during summer months due to physical inactivity and an increase in food intake. Summer intervention may reduce the prevalence of obesity in children; however reduction in body fat may be regained after finishing summer intervention. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 8 week summer lifestyle intervention and 10 month follow-up telephone intervention on changes in body composition and level of physical fitness in Hispanic Children. METHODS: 21 overweight or obese students (over 85 percentile in BMI score) aged 9-16 yrs …

Oxidative Low Density Lipoprotein And Exercise: A Historical And Meta-Analysis, Nikita Tailor, Frank Wyatt, Benito Velasquez, Lon Kilgore

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to use the meta-analytic approach to determine the impact of exercise on oxidized low density lipoproteins in an adolescent population and the role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in the etiology of atherosclerosis. Oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox- LDL), a form of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, carries its own risk factors. A lower level of oxidative low density lipoproteins reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: The evaluation was done using a meta-analytical approach. This approach is useful when similar studies with a small sample size are studied. All the variables are compared …

Elevated Mcp-1, Tnf-Α, Monocyte Concentration, And Dyslipidemia In Obese Mexican-American Children, Whitney L. Breslin, Craig A. Johnston, Kelley Strohacker, Katie C. Carpenter, Tiffany R. Davidson, Jennette P. Moreno, John P. Foreyt, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: Obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic disease. The prevalence of obesity is especially high among Mexican-American children. Peripheral blood monocytes contribute to systemic inflammation and may mediate the relationship between obesity and chronic disease. Obesity affects monocytes and the circulating levels of cytokines/chemokines that influence monocyte behavior. Purpose: investigate alterations in blood monocytes and plasma cytokines/chemokine levels among healthy weight (zBMI ≤ 85th percentile; N=66), overweight (zBMI=85^th-95^th percentile; N=23), and obese (zBMI ≥ 95th percentile; N=39) Mexican-American children. Methods: Blood samples were analyzed for total monocyte concentration, pro-inflammatory monocyte concentration, and classic …

Effects Of A Single Bout Of Exercise On Lipoprotein Fractions In Hypercholesterolemic Women, Allen Sexton, Kavya Chelikani, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on Lipoprotein Fractions in Hypercholesterolemic Women

Allen Sexton, Kavya Chelikani, and Yunsuk Koh

Department of Health and Kinesiology, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX 77710

Classification of First Author: Master’s

Background: Abnormal lipoprotein profiles are strongly associated with premature cardiovascular disease. Sedentary lifestyle and menopause may accelerate abnormal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in women. A single bout of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity may positively alter serum lipoprotein fractions in postmenopausal women with high cholesterol levels.

Objectives: The current study investigated how a single bout of exercise affects lipoprotein fractions in sedentary, postmenopausal women with …

Changes In Whole Body Bone Mineral Composition In A Community-Based Pilot Study Designed For Mexican-American Women At Risk For Type Ii Diabetes, David C. Castillo, Maria G. Placeres, Arely Perez, Danielle M. Bravo, Donovan L. Fogt, Zenong Yin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Changes in whole body bone mineral composition in a community-based pilot study designed for Mexican-American women at risk for type II diabetes

David C. Castillo, B.S., Maria G. Placeres, B.S., Arely Perez, M.S., Danielle M. Bravo, B.S., Donovan L. Fogt, Ph.D., Zenong Yin, Ph.D.

Mobile Health Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology

The University of Texas at San Antonio

Classification of First Author (Master’s)

Background: Osteoporosis is a serious public health concern in the United States that is expected to increase over the next several years, especially in women. The US Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health states that …

Are Men Cheaper Than Women? Insights From Walking Economy, Nicole S. Schultz, Peter G. Weyand

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ARE MEN CHEAPER THAN WOMEN? INSIGHTS FROM WALKING ECONOMY

Nicole S. Schultz and Peter G. Weyand

Southern Methodist University, Locomotor Performance Laboratory, Department of Applied Physiology and Wellness, Dallas, TX 75205

Introduction: The metabolic energy cost of human walking has been extensively studied. However, whether men and women require the same amount of energy (per kg of body mass) to walk at the same speed or cover the same distance remains unresolved. While most predictive algorithms incorporate only body mass and walking speed, we have recently found that mass-specific walking metabolic rates are inversely related to stature. Objective: We tested …

Treadmill Running And Tower Climbing Resistance Exercise Mitigate Disuse Bone Loss In Mice Equally Well, Ramon Boudreaux, Corinne Metzger, Tiphaine Cecchini, Kaleigh A. Camp, Evelyn Yuen, Brandon R. Macias, Yasaman Shirazi-Fard, Harry A. Hogan, Susan Bloomfield

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Ground-Based Model for Lunar Disuse Bone Loss

During spaceflight, astronauts are susceptible to decrements in bone mineral density. This suscetibility leaves astronauts at an increased risk of fracture and compromises their likelihood of repeat missions. Our ground-based Lunar model simulates disuse bone loss. Through our novel exercise regimens, we were able to mitigate losses seen by group members not exercised.

Low And Moderate Intensity Strength Exercise Affects More Beneficially The Lipid Profile Than High Intensity Strength Exercise, Fábio Santos Lira, Alex Shimura Yamashita, Marco Carlos Uchida, Nelo Eidy Zanchi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

This study aimed to compare the time-course effects of four different intensities of strength exercise (bench press) bouts on the blood lipid profile. Thirty-five Brazilian Army male soldiers were allocated randomly into five groups based at different percentages of one repetition maximum, in previous test (1-RM): 50%-1RM, 75%-1RM, 90%-1RM, 110%-1RM (this executing only eccentric phase), and control group. The total volume (sets x reps x load) of the exercise was equalized. The lipid profile (Triglycerides, VLDL, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-c/Total Cholesterol ratio and Total cholesterol) was determined at rest and after 1, 24, 48 and 72 h of the strength exercise. …

Influence Of Body Mass Index On Leukocytes Count In Women, Anelena Frollini, Rodrigo Dias, Carolina Souza, Diego Brunelli

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The nutritional status of an individual can directly interfere in the immune system. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the total and differential circulating leukocytes count in women. 112 women aged 32.55±7.48 years, divided into 6 groups: G1 - low weight (n=8), G2 - eutrophic (n=26), G3 - overweight (n=20), G4 - obesity I (n=16), G5 - obesity II (n=19) and G6 - obesity III (n=23) were selected. Regular physical activity practitioners, diabetic, hypertensive and/or individuals with thyroid gland alterations were excluded. The blood samples were collected from the …

Endurance Training Induces Depot-Specific Changes In Il-10/Tnf-Α Ratio In Rat Adipose Tissue, Fábio Santos Lira, José Cesar Rosa, Alex Shimura Yamashita, Cristiane Harume Koyama

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

White adipose tissue (WAT) is the source of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and recently, it recognized as an important source of interleukin 10 production (IL-10). Acute physical exercise induce an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. However, the effect of chronic physical exercise in the production of IL-10 by the WAT has never been examined. IL-10 and TNF-α were assessed in WAT of rats engaged in endurance training. Animals were randomly assigned to either a sedentary control group (S, n=7) or an endurance trained group (T, n=8). Trained rats ran on a treadmill for 5 days/wk for 8 wk at 55-65% of the …

Proceedings Of The I International Meeting In Exercise Physiology, Sérgio Eduardo De Andrade Perez

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

This meeting is the seventh in Exercise Physiology and the first International Workshop in Exercise Physiology of UFSCar, sponsored by the Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences – DCF, which is affiliated to the Post-Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences (PPGCFS/UFSCar). The event is designed to bring Brazilian scientists, especially from São Paulo state that work with Exercise Physiology and Health. The main objective is to put together these students and scientists interested in developing joint researches in this area. The general theme is Exercise Physiology, including athletic performance, nutrition and metabolism. Therefore, the central roundtable programmed in this year …

Kentucky Worksite Wellness Tax Credit: A Health Impact Assessment, Cecilia M. Watkins, T. Lovely

Public Health Faculty Publications

The purpose of the assessment was to evaluate the potential effects of a worksite wellness tax credit on three main areas of concern for Kentucky: (!) nutrition, physical activity and obesity levels of children whose parents receive Worksite Wellness services, (2) jobs and (3) social cohesion.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 88, No. 3, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• McKay, Michael. Massive Temporary Transition – Downing University Center
• Harrison, Taylor. Institute for Citizenship & Social Responsibility Not Wanting to Move During Renovations – Downing University Center
• Choate, Connor. A Thousand Words – Gamers Guild
• Young, Amanda. Four Greek Groups Sanctioned for Hazing Last Fall – Kappa Delta, Kappa Alpha Order, Alpha Phi Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon
• Harrison, Taylor. Downing University Center Renovations to Affect Garrett Offices
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon re: Admission Standards
• WKU Needs to Raise the Bar – Admission Standards
• Harrison, Taylor. Student Government Association’s Kendrick …

Physiological And Perceptual Responses To Nintendo® Wii Fit™ In Young And Older Adults, Nicole M. Mullins, Kathryn A. Tessmer, Michele L. Mccarroll, Brian P. Peppel

International Journal of Exercise Science

Physically active video gaming (AVG) provides a technologically-modern, convenient means of increasing physical activity (PA). This study examined cardiovascular, metabolic, and perceptual responses in young adult (AP) and older adult (OP) participants engaging in Wii Fitä AVG play, and compared PA levels during play to recommended PA levels. Heart rate (HR), percent heart rate reserve (%HRR), oxygen consumption (VO₂), energy expenditure (EE), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), enjoyment level (EL), and step count data were obtained from 10 YP and 10 OP during 15 minutes of rest and four 15-minute bouts of Wii Fitä activities (yoga, balance, aerobics, …

Caffeine And Sprint Performance In Habitual And Caffeine Naive Participants, J. Bradley Jordan, Richard S. Farley, Jennifer L. Caputo

International Journal of Exercise Science

Caffeine is thought to provide ergogenic benefits during endurance performance. However, there is limited research on the effects of caffeine on anaerobic sports performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 6 mg·kg_-1 of caffeine on repeated sprint performance. The sample included active college students (N = 18), classified as habitual caffeine or caffeine naïve users. Participants completed a 12 x 30-m sprint test with 35 s rest intervals between sprints. Ratings of Perceived Exertion were collected every 3rd sprint. Height and body mass were measured and participants accommodated to the sprint test on …

Effects Of Carbohydrate-Protein Ingestion Post-Resistance Training In Male Rugby Players, Colin J. Coyle Msc, Bernard Donne, Nick J. Mahony

International Journal of Exercise Science

Evidence suggests that carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO) drinks post-exercise are an advantageous nutritional recovery intervention. Resistance trained (n = 14, mean ± SD; age 19 ± 1 yr, mass 95 ± 9 kg, % fat 17 ± 4 % and BMI 28.5 ± 1.8 kg.m^-2) male rugby players participated in a study investigating effects of carbohydrate (CHO) and CHO-PRO drinks on subsequent resistance exercise performance. Following an initial resistance training (RT) protocol consisting of 8 circuits of 5 discrete exercises at 10 repetition maximum (RM), participants received 10 mL.kg^-1 BM of randomised sports drink (LCHO, HCHO and CHO-PRO) on …

The Effects Of Muscle Mass On Homocyst(E)Ine Levels In Plasma And Urine, M. René Malinow, Craig L. Lister, Carl De Crée

International Journal of Exercise Science

The present study was designed to examine the relationship between homocyst(e)ine (H[e]) lev-els and muscle mass. Two experimental groups each of 24 Caucasian males, one consisting of higher-muscle mass subjects (HMM) and the other of lower-muscle mass subjects (LMM) par-ticipated in this study. Muscle mass was estimated from 24-hour urine collections of creatinine (Crt). Muscle mass was 40.3 ± 15.9 kg in HMM and 37.2 ± 11.4 kg in LMM (P= 0.002). Mean plasma H(e) levels in HMM were 10.29 ± 2.9 nmol/mL, and in LMM were 10.02 ± 2.4 nmol/L (Not significant, [NS]). Urinary H(e) levels (UH[e]) were 9.95 …

Stability Ball Sitting Versus Chair Sitting During Sub-Maximal Arm Ergometry, Charles R.C Marks, Kristina E. Hylland, Jacob Terrell

International Journal of Exercise Science

Purpose: It was predicted that sitting on a stability ball during arm ergometry would elevate cardiovascular parameters when compared to sitting on a chair and that this would be associated with greater recruitment of trunk and leg skeletal muscles. Methods: Open-circuit spirometry, video taping, blood pressure, heart rate, and EMG were conducted during rest and four minute stages of 15 W, 30 W, and 45 W using a Monark arm ergometer. Twenty-six apparently healthy adults exercised twice, once sitting on a stability ball and the other sitting on a chair (order randomized), with 45 to 60 minutes of rest between. …

Fitnessgram® Friday: A Middle School Physical Activity And Fitness Intervention, Tinker D. Murray, James Eldridge, Pete Silvius, Erik Silvius, William G. Squires Jr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

Texas Senate Bill 530 (2007) mandated fitness assessment as part of the annual K-8 Physical Education (PE) curricula, yet no studies have reported interventions designed to improve and quantify individual student passing rates or individual school performance. Students (Total 2008-2010 N=1484; 729 females, 755 males; mean age = 11.85 y; mean BMI = 22.69 or > 90%-tile, overweight) were evaluated on individual FITNESSGRAM® performances in a cross-sectional analysis of 6th graders comparing baseline scores (year 1) with outcomes of a physical activity intervention in years 2 and 3. Students participated in regular PE classes (including campus wellness center activities) with a …

Treatment Of Burns With Burns & Wounds (B & W) Ointment And Leaf Therapy, Maria E. Main, Deborah Williams, M. Susan Jones

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua12/13 2012 Sustainability Report [Western Kentucky University], Christian Ryan-Downing, Wku Office Of Sustainability

Sustainability Publications and Resources

The Office of Sustainability has occupied the house at 503 Regents for approximately four months. The space is used to house the Big Red Bikes mechanic shop and program, and other programs and activities. Eight students work in the Office of Sustainability in various roles including bike mechanic, student assistant, four PowerSave Interns, a student “handy-man” who works on various physical improvements, and a student that is completing his Honors Thesis on the project.

Much of the past four months have been spent setting up the bike shop, painting, installation of walkway and way finding sign, and otherwise improving the …