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Cardiorespiratory Responses During 2-Person Cpr Using Two Assisted Cpr Devices Versus Manual Cpr, Richard Vega Ii, William H. Cooke, Klarissa Sosa, Elizabeth Vega, Donovan L. Fogt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Active Compression-decompression-CPR (ACD-CPR) requires rescuers to perform work during both phases of CPR. ACD-CPR provides active pre-loading of a patient’s heart with venous return as well as enhanced stroke volume during resuscitation. Prolonged, one-person CPR is exhausting and associated with decayed CPR quality over time. Active compression-decompression-CPR (ACD-CPR) requires the rescuer to actively work during both phases of CPR. We evaluated the metabolic cost of manual CPR (M-CPR), ACD-CPR1, and ACD-CPR2 (with adhesive pad) during a 10-min resuscitation period. We hypothesized that the metabolic cost for the devices would be similar to M-CPR. Twenty (10 female) participants (23.5±3.5y, 165.8±25.6cm, 72.5±12.2kg) …

Metabolic Responses Of Two Assisted Cpr Devices Versus Manual Cpr During 1-Person Cpr, Vincent Dejesus, Jonathan Barbosa, Christopher Blount, William H. Cooke, Jeremy Garcia, Patrick Gutierrez, Mahanaim Molina, Elisa Montiel, Donovan L. Fogt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Prolonged, one-person CPR is exhausting and associated with decayed CPR quality over time. Active compression-decompression-CPR (ACD-CPR) requires the rescuer to actively work during both phases of CPR. We evaluated the metabolic cost of manual CPR (M-CPR), ACD-CPR1, and ACD-CPR2 (with adhesive pad) during a 10-min resuscitation period. We hypothesized that the metabolic cost for the devices would be similar to M-CPR. Twenty (10 female) participants (23.5±3.5y, 165.8±25.6cm, 72.5±12.2kg) completed 3 randomized trials with performance feedback by investigators. Expired air was analyzed for estimations of metabolic cost via indirect calorimetry. Participants rested for 10 minutes before the baseline data collection followed …

Effects Of Acute Cold Exposure On Plasma Biomarkers Associated With Cardiovascular Disease, Clarissa Garza, Karina Samsuhadi, Ana Seatty, Sarah Ullevig, Donovan L. Fogt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Inflammatory cytokines and lipid mediators are used as biomarkers for CVD risk. Cold exposure has been suggested to improve some of these biomarkers. We measured cardiovascular inflammatory and lipid biomarkers to expand our knowledge of cold exposure and CVD risk. Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1 B) and Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) are inflammatory cytokines associated with various disease states. Free fatty acids (FFA) are released from fat cells in response to stress. We evaluated the effects of acute 30 min cold exposure on these blood biomarkers. We hypothesized that the inflammatory markers and plasma FFA levels would increase at 2-h post-cold exposure. …

Effects Of Exercise And Nexrutine® On Biomarkers Of Cachexia In Tramp Mice, Kira L. Pamerleau, Paul Rivas, Nicolas Musi, Addanki Pratap Kumar, Darpan Patel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cachexia is a major adverse effect of prostate cancer (PCa) and leads to functional impairment and poor quality of life. The pathophysiology of cachexia is complex and includes an imbalance of anabolic and catabolic factors. Oncologists often encourage nutritional and physical interventions to improve cancer outcomes. However, it is unclear how these interventions affect the pathophysiology of PCa-induced cachexia. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that exercise and Nexrutine^® (a natural product derived from the bark of the Amur cork tree) can modulate cachexia in a transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. METHODS: Ten-week old TRAMP mice were randomized …

A Study Comparing Pre-Ingested L-Leucine And L-Isoleucine On Glycemic Responses In Healthy Inactive Adults: Preliminary Data., Daniel E. Newmire, Eric Rivas, Sarah E. Deemer, Victor Ben-Ezra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background The co-ingestion of amino acids with a glucose drink has been shown to blunt the elevated post-prandial glucose response. Though not entirely clear, some suggest amino acids will facilitate an incretin-driven insulin response that improves glucose sensitivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the “priming” effect of pre-ingested amino acids on glycemic control in healthy inactive adults. We present here some preliminary data from 7 adults. Hypothesis We hypothesize that the pre-ingested amino acids would attenuate the post-prandial rise in glucose during a 75 g glucose tolerance test. Methods To test this, seven healthy adults (Females: …

Metabolic Effects On A Novel Whole Body Exercise Device Compared With A Cycle Ergometer, Melody A. Gary

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: This machine was created under the expectation that it gave a better cardio workout than a regular cycle ergometer. Methods: The purpose of this study was to compare the metabolic effects during a similar bout of exercise on the Fish and Kangaroo Machine (FKM) and a cycle ergometer. Recreationally active individuals (men, women; N=13) completed two workouts, one on the FKM and the other on the cycle ergometer. The exercise protocol included intervals alternating between exercise (3-min) and rest (3-min) for a total duration of 23-min. After the 1^st exercise bout (on the FKM) the heart rate response …

Effects Of Dehydration On Resistance Training: An Ongoing Study, Matthew O. Mccullough, Joshua J. Gann, Thomas L. Andre, Sarah K. Mckinley, Darryn S. Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Dehydration via hot bath has been shown to impair resistance training performance when performed the same day. The performance decrements in this instance could potentially be due to a combination of the dehydration and residual effects of the heat exposure and not of the dehydration alone. To date, no research has examined the effects of previous night dehydration on resistance training performance. Purpose: The purpose of this ongoing study was to determine the effects of previous night dehydration on performance and perceptual measures during a full-body resistance training protocol. Methods: Healthy, resistance trained males (n = 4) completed two …

The Effects Of Short-Term Detraining And Subsequent Retraining On Body Composition And Muscle Performance In Males Consuming A Whey Protein Or Carbohydrate Supplement, Paul S. Hwang, Thomas L. Andre, Sarah K. Mckinley-Barnard, Joshua J. Gann, Flor E. Morales, Grant M. Tinsley, Darryn Willoughby Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

An acute bout of resistance exercise (RE) can up-regulate processes that stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Additionally, nutritional strategies involving carbohydrate (CHO) and whey protein (WP) supplementation can augment MPS. However, resistance training (RT) induced muscle anabolism during the early phases of training can attenuate over time. The use of a short-term cessation of training (detraining; DT) can potentially restore the attenuated muscular anabolic adaptive responses. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a successive cycle of detraining and retraining (ReT) in humans on body composition and muscle performance. Resistance-trained males (age 20.95 ± 1.23 …

Protein Assimilation, Usage And Storage, Franklen Phares, Frank B. Wyatt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Common concerns among athletes regarding protein consumption are the following: what protein type(s) is best suited for their particular needs; what amounts of protein should be consumed for their supplementation; and lastly, what should the timing of protein consumption be, for prime utilization in the body? There is a recommended daily allowance (RDA) by the National Institute of Health (NIH). The NIH recommends that an individual should be ingesting 0.8g/kg of body weight a day. Active individuals who include resistance training into their daily regime may need more than the RDA. The purpose of this study is to determine if …

Effect Of Pre-Exercise Nutrition On Human Skeletal Muscle Ucp3 Expression, Elisa Morales, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Thomas Andre, Sarah K. Mckinley, Paul Hwang, Grant Tinsley, John Davis, Mike Spillane, Peter Grandjean, Darryn Willoughby Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: Increased UCP3 expression in skeletal muscle after exercise may be attributed to elevated free fatty acids (FFA) that are known to directly activate UCP3 expression. Pre-exercise glucose consumption has shown to blunt UCP3 expression in response to exercise. Since glucose ingestion before and during exercise is typically not a common practice, the goal of the present study was to assess the effect of a multi-macronutrient meal (drinkable shake) in the pre-exercise period towards human skeletal muscle UCP3 expression. METHODS: Using a crossover design, untrained participants performed an endurance exercise session (350 kcal at 70% of their VO₂max) …

Comparison Of Calorie Counting Vs. Self Evaluation Methodology For Weight Loss, Sarah C. Hachar, Marisa K. Mccormack, Brittany Crim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a major health concern in the United States and one way to control it is through proper nutrition techniques (BRFSS, 2007, 2009). One technique, calorie counting, is used to control energy intake. Mindful eating, another technique, requires individuals to understand and interpret internal cues that control hunger (Timmerman, 2012). Smartphone applications have been created in order to facilitate these two techniques. Although both techniques have been proven efficacious in specific settings, the two techniques when supported by digital applications have never been compared. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of digital support in …

Impact Of Anti-Resorptive Treatment On Recovery Of Bone After Disuse, Michael J. Junior, Corinne Metzger, Scott E. Lenfest, Ramon Boudreaux, Harry A. Hogan, Susan Bloomfield

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bisphosphonates (BP), drugs that inhibit bone resorption, are used to minimize bone loss in long-duration spaceflight, extended bed rest, and acute spinal cord injury; however, the long term impact of BP use on recovery of bone after disuse is not well understood. This experiment tests the hypothesis that the BP zoledronic acid (ZOL) administered 7 days before hindlimb unloading (HU) will protect against loss of bone mass during 28 days of HU by suppressing bone resorption activity while also diminishing the ability of cancellous bone formation rate (BFR) to recover following HU. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 mo) were assigned …

Effects Of A 500-Mile Backpacking Hike On The Performance Of A Competitive Powerlifter, Anthony Paradis, Nancy Dimarco, Brandon R. Rigby, Keri Stoner-Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a long-distance backpacking trip and a high protein diet on body composition, strength, power, and aerobic performance. A single participant (male, aged 29 years) hiked 34 days on the Colorado Trail. Dependent variables were assessed pre-hike and post-hike and included body mass, body fat percentage, bone mineral density, maximum oxygen consumption (VO_2max), resting metabolic rate (RMR), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL). Cardiovascular dependent variables included resting heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Other performance outcomes included …

Energy Expenditure Overestimation Bias In Elliptical Trainer Machine, Kelsey Mclaughlin, Bethany Noack, Jorge Z. Granados, Rick Sperling, Mark Roltsch, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Elliptical trainers are a common mode of aerobic exercise in recreationally active populations. Those with a weight loss goal might rely upon the energy expenditure (EE) estimation that many elliptical brands provide to keep track of calories (kcals) burned and make nutritional decisions. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the accuracy of the algorithms used by elliptical trainers to estimate EE. The purpose of this study was to compare EE estimates by a common brand of elliptical trainer to that measured using open circuit spirometry, at different combinations of resistance and pedal speed. Twenty subjects (10 male, 10 …

The Effect Of Sex And Age On Selection Of Weight Loss Method, Gena D. Guerin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The high rate of overweight and obesity in the United States has contributed to increased efforts in weight management. National Health and Nutritional Exam Survey (NHANES) data collected from 2011-2012 revealed 35% of the 6,175 survey respondents confirmed that they tried to lose weight in that time period. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether sex and age affected the selection of weight loss method. Using Chi Square analysis, NHANES data were utilized to determine if the frequency of choosing a particular weight loss method was associated with either sex or age. Predetermined age groups were: 18 …

The Effects Of Caffeine Ingestion On Sodium-Aided Hyperhydration, Elizaveta Roslanova, David M. Morris

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sodium-aided hyperhydration has been shown to reduce rates of dehydration, improve performance, and alleviate markers of physical stress during endurance exercise in the heat. Caffeine use as an ergogenic and through casual consumption of foods is common among endurance athletes; but caffeine can have diuretic effects and its use prior to exercise may compromise hydration status and exercise performance by promoting fluid excretion. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of caffeine consumption on sodium-aided hyperhydration. METHODS: Fifteen well-hydrated male subjects (21 ± 2 yr, 176 ± 6 cm, 80.2 ± 10.1 kg) who were free from known renal, digestive, and cardiovascular …

The Effect Of Gender On Circulating Adipokines During Weight Loss And Weight Maintenance, Marcus A. Breden, Bryan K. Smith, Matthew P. Harris, Adam Gloekner, Brooke Burgess, Melody D. Phillips, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

During obesity, the altered release of adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, have been strongly associated with development of the metabolic syndrome. Treatment with weight loss has been shown to increase adiponectin, in particular high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, and reduce circulating leptin levels indicating an increased leptin sensitizing effect. Interestingly, a gender dichotomy has been identified with women generally possessing higher plasma concentrations of both adipokines. Weight loss effects have been well established; however, it remains to be determined how the gender differences in adiponectin and leptin will affect these adipokines during prolonged weight maintenance. PURPOSE: To identify gender differences in …

Variation In Individual Responses To Time-Restricted Feeding And Resistance Training, Grant M. Tinsley, Jeffrey S. Forsse, Grant B. Morgan, Natalie K. Butler, Annie A. Bane, Paul La Bounty, Peter Grandjean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a form of intermittent fasting which limits all caloric intake to a certain period of time each day in an attempt to reduce daily energy intake, promote weight loss, and improve health. Resistance training (RT) has been reported to increase muscular strength and improve body composition. Very limited information is available on the combination of TRF and RT. The purpose of this study was to examine the variation in individual body composition, dietary intake, and muscular performance responses to an 8-wk TRF and RT program. Healthy males (n = 20; age = 22 ± 3 y; …

The Effects Of Physical Activity On Markers Of Hepatic Lipid Metabolism During Weight Cycling, Matthew P. Harris, Andrew Seija, Rachael E. Hartke, Marcus Breden, Kaylee Poole, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the leading cause of liver disease and develops when the rate of hepatic triglyceride formation exceeds the rate of disposal. Weight loss is often prescribed to treat NAFLD; however, only one in six obese or overweight individuals who lose weight through diet are successful at maintaining weight loss resulting in weight regain (i.e., weight cycling).

Purpose: To determine the effect of physical activity on the prevention of hepatic steatosis and expression of lipogenic genes during weight cycling. Methods: To induce obesity, male C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% fat diet for 10-weeks. …

The Effects Of Physical Activity On Markers Of Adipose Inflammation During Weight Cycling, Rachael E. Hartke, Matthew Harris, Marcus Breden, Kaylee E. Poole, Andrew Seija, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Weight loss using diet and exercise are the main treatment strategies for obesity; however, weight loss is rarely maintained resulting in weight regain or weight cycling. Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation resulting in the release of adipokines and activation of macrophages (M1) accelerating the development of insulin resistance. In contrast, the M2 macrophage phenotype is characterized by blocking inflammatory responses and promoting tissue repair. Despite the effectiveness of exercise on preventing comorbidities of obesity during weight-loss, the influence of physical activity during weight cycling on markers of adipose inflammation remains unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this study was …

Survey Responses From “Wellness For Life” Classes: Overall Value And Barriers, Motivators, And Motives Towards Physical Activity, Morgan A. Hare, Matthew J. Garver, Charles W. Ruot, Kelsey D. Odom, Nathan W. Offutt, Josie X. Ornelas, Sarah J. Taylor, Jose A. Bolanos, Ellen E. Dees, Joe D. Bell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Skill-based sport activity classes were the historical trend, but greater numbers of higher education institutions now offer courses that encompass “wellness for life” concepts. The goal of these offerings is to guide students in the development of knowledge, skills, and behaviors to adopt and maintain healthful behaviors. There is a need to amass evidence of the outcomes arising from engagement in these classes. Purpose: The purpose of this work was to document outcomes from participation in a single, semester-long, university wellness for life class. Methods: Students were recruited from courses at two universities. Survey responses were collected in the …

Demonstrable Evidence Of Beneficial Physical Outcomes From University Physical Education Activity Courses, Nathan W. Offutt, Matthew J. Garver, Charles W. Ruot, Kelsey D. Odom, Morgan A. Hare, Josie X. Ornelas, Sarah J. Taylor, Jose A. Bolanos, Ellen E. Dees, Joe D. Bell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Engagement in physical activity (PA) is often dramatically reduced during the transition from high school into college. There appears to be more stability in PA patterns during the transition from college into post-graduate life. Consequently, researchers have highlighted the years in higher education as pivotal for shaping lasting PA habits. Sadly, there is a widespread lack of evidence regarding the outcomes from physical education activity courses (PEAC) offered on campuses of higher education. Thus, their overall value lacks validation. The purpose of this work was to offer evidence of outcomes from engagement in a single, semester-long university PEAC class. …

No Change In Perceptual Or Chronotropic Outcome When Altering Preferred Step Frequency For A Short Duration, Gloria G. Haynes, Matthew J. Garver, Jill R. Baker, Megan M. Kriger, Marlee M. Jones, Heather L. Markgraf, Janice M. Nkrumah, Briana K. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

IIntroduction: Millions of individuals incorporate jogging into their physical activity routines as a leisurely pursuit and as a way to achieve positive health outcomes. People appear to choose jogging speed and the associated step frequency on pure, natural preference. Understandably, kinesthetics are important, but another important underlying factor is metabolic cost. The purpose of this work was to investigate if preferred step frequency (at a preferred jogging pace) also minimizes perceived effort (Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion, 6-20; RPE) and chronotropic stress (heart rate; HR) during a ten-minute activity bout when compared with step frequencies altered by 5%. Methods: Recreationally-trained …

Practice Matters: Prevention And Care Of Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes, Lizbeth P. Sturgeon Phd, Tonya M. Bragg-Underwood Dnp, Maire Blankenship Dnp

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

A Faith Community Nurse (FCN) is tasked with promoting health within a faith-based community. As with any nursing role, the FCN must keep abreast of current issues and be aware of informational resources to keep his/her practice relevant. The area of focus in this issue is type 2 diabetes. During 2014, the global prevalence of diabetes among adults was estimated at 9%. There are numerous risk factors for type 2 diabetes including both modifiable and non-modifiable. The diagnosis of diabetes can be made based on plasma glucose or Hemoglobin A1C (A1C) criteria.Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes affect many people globally. …

Health Coaching In Faith-Based Community Diabetes Education, Janet L. Meyer, Beverley E. Holland

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

Abstract

A significant health burden exists related to type 2 diabetes. Evidence-based solutions through research are needed to improve diabetes outcomes. Faith community diabetes education can be utilized to provide the knowledge needed to manage the disease. The purpose of the current study was to determine if a faith-based community diabetes education program including health coaching can increase self-efficacy in people with type 2 diabetes.

This pilot study used a pre-test/post-test format for data collection. Following diabetes education for all participants, half of the group received health coaching and the other half no further intervention. A survey consisting of two …

Implementing Faith Community Nursing Interventions To Promote Healthy Behaviors In Adults, Donna M. Callaghan

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

Purpose: To report the implementation of faith community nursing interventions to promote healthy behaviors in adults. Callaghan (2015) reported the development of this intervention, which was based on previous studies that support the importance of spiritual growth on the initiative and responsibility for self-care across the life span (Callaghan, 2003, 2005, 2006). The intervention also included strategies to increase self-efficacy of healthy behaviors. The results of three separate implementations of the health promotion intervention are presented in this report.

Procedures: Three health promotion programs were implemented over a five year period (2010 – 2015). These programs were offered for the …

Ua12/2/1 Dining Guide, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special dining guide edition of the College Heights Herald.

• Moore, Elisabeth. Students Share Opinions on New Restaurants – Topper Grill & Pub, Chili’s
• Henderson, Andrew. Brunch: The Second Official Meal of the Day
• Pettway, Shantel. 6 Restaurants in Bowling Green You Don’t Want to Miss
• Turner, Justin. Tomatoes for Toppers – Sustainability, Agriculture
• Moore, Mollie. Con Con’s: The Best Diner in Kentucky
• Reecer, John. A Day in the Life of a Sports-minded Diet
• Carter, Brandon & Katherine Sproles. Top Worst Places to Take Your Date to Dinner
• Gilliland, Justin. Downing Student Union Food Court Options

Oxygen Consumption And Substrate Utilization During And After Resistance Exercises Performed With Different Muscle Mass, Paulo Farinatti, Antonio G. Castinheiras Neto, Paulo Rs Amorim

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 77-88, 2016. This study investigated the energy expenditure (EE) and substrate utilization reflected by the respiratory-exchange ratio (RER) during and after resistance exercises performed with different muscle mass. Ten male volunteers (mean±SD; 26±4yr, 179±6cm, 77±8kg) performed multiple sets of the horizontal leg press (LP) and chest fly (CF) (5 sets of 10 repetitions with 15 repetition-maximum, 1-minute between-set intervals) in a counterbalanced design. Oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production were measured during 40 minutes of resting; resistance exercise protocols (sets and intervals); 90 minutes of post-exercise recovery. Total fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates were …

The Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity And Bone Health In Young Women, Brittany R. Masteller, Curt B. Dixon, Eric S. Rawson, Joseph L. Andreacci

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 56-63, 2016. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) and bone health in young women. Eighty-three participants (age=21.0±2.2 years; BMI=22.4±3.0 kg/m²) reported for testing on two occasions separated by 48 hours. During visit 1 body composition assessment via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and during visit 2, a VO₂max test performed on a motorized treadmill. Weak correlations were found between absolute VO₂max (L/min) and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD: r=0.24, p=0.031) and whole-body bone mineral content (WB-BMC: …

Validation Of Self-Reported Anthropometrics In Female College Freshmen, Ryan J. Leone, Amy Morgan, Mary-Jon Ludy

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 47-55, 2016. Most investigations concerning the validity of self-reported anthropometrics focus on weight, height, and body mass index. This study extends those investigations by exploring the impact of self-reporting bias on the disease risk indicators of waist circumference and body fat percentage. Female college freshmen (n=128) self-reported weight and height, then underwent measurements for weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Self-reporting bias was defined as self-reported minus directly-assessed anthropometric value. Despite no differences in self-reported versus directly-assessed weight or height for the total group, students with high waist circumference and excess fat …