Digital Commons Network^™

Waking Up Every Day In A Body That Is Not Yours: A Qualitative Research Inquiry Into The Intersection Between Eating Disorders And Pregnancy, Elizabeth A. Claydon, Danielle M. Davidov, Keith J. Zullig, Christa L. Lilly, Lesley Cottrell, Stephanie C. Zerwas

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background

Women with eating disorders are more likely to negatively react to finding out they are pregnant, although this difference in attitudes between women with eating disorders and controls disappears at 18-weeks’ gestation. Those with anorexia also are twice as likely to have an unplanned pregnancy and those with bulimia have a 30-fold increased chance compared with healthy controls. Therefore, due to these considerations, pregnancy and the transition to motherhood can be an extremely challenging time for these women both psychologically and physically. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to understand the intersection between eating disorders and pregnancy …

Psychological Factors Related To Exercise Behaviors Among College Students, Eric D. Jenkins, Phillip J. Dillulio, Fernando Said, Tim Stamper, Samuel Zizzi

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

With the prevalence of obesity steadily increasing throughout the United States, promotion of healthy behavior is as important as ever. Positive exercise and dietary habits promoted during the years an individual is in college can perpetuate a lifestyle change that ideally prolongs an entire lifespan. Researchers gathered data from 108 full time students, 18 years of age or older from the West Virginia University Student Recreation Center. Participants were recruited using convenient sampling and completed a 74-item questionnaire comprised of both qualitative and quantitative questions. The collected data, in collaboration with previous literature, has empowered the research team with suitable …

Consumption Of Different Caloric Sugar-Sweetened Solutions Alters Tissue Fatty Acid Composition And Lipid Metabolism In Young Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Kaitlin Mock, Stephanie N. Altman, Joseph C. Gigliotti, Levi Berg, Janet C. Tou

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

High carbohydrate intake has been reported to contribute to obesity by promoting de novo lipogenesis and metabolic disorders by altering tissue fatty acid composition. The type of caloric sweeteners added to beverages has changed with some sugars suggested to be more lipogenic. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the effect of consuming different types of caloric sugar-sweetened solutions on tissue fatty acid composition and risk of metabolic disorders. Growing female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned (n=7-8 rats/group) to drink water or water sweetened with 13% (w/v) glucose, sucrose, fructose or high fructose corn syrup 55 (HFCS-55). The rats were …

A Group Randomized Trial To Reduce Obesity Among Appalachian Church Members: The Walk By Faith Study, Electra D. Paskett, Ryan D. Baltic, Greg S. Young, Mira L. Katz, Samuel M. Lesko, Kelly H. Webber, Karen A. Roberto, Eugene J. Lengerich, Nancy E. Schoenberg, Stephenie K. Kennedy, Scherezade Mama, Courtney C. Midkiff, Mark B. Dignan

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background: Appalachia is a rural, socioeconomically disadvantaged region with high rates of cancer and obesity. Using community-based participatory research principles, the Appalachia Community Cancer Network tested an initiative to reduce weight among overweight and obese participants by partnering with churches, an important community-based institution in Appalachia. Methods: A group randomized trial was conducted with counties or groups of counties in five Appalachian states. These groups were randomly assigned to receive either monthly diet and exercise education sessions (“Walk by Faith”; WbF) or an educational program focused on cancer screening and education (“Ribbons of Faith”; RoF) to examine effects on weight …

Opening The Door To Open Access: Successes And Lessons Learned With An Open Access Author Fund Pilot Program, Susan Arnold

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background:

In an effort to respond to faculty requests for assistance and to support open access publishing by West Virginia University authors, the West Virginia University Libraries established a pilot program for an Open Access Author Fund (OAAF) in August 2016. The fund has now been operational through two academic years.

Methods:

WVU Libraries used $30,000 from its operations budget to establish the fund. A webpage was designed by the library web team to outline the criteria and to link to an application form. The primary criteria were that the journals needed to be totally open access, not a hybrid; …

Self-Reported Vs. Measured Height, Weight, And Bmi In Young Adults, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Camille M. Charlier, Oluremi A. Famodu, Wenjun Zhou, Anne E. Mathews, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Sarah E. Colby

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Self-reported height and weight, if accurate, provide a simple and economical method to track changes in body weight over time. Literature suggests adults tend to under-report their own weight and that the gap between self-reported weight and actual weight increases with obesity. This study investigates the extent of discrepancy in self-reported height, weight, and subsequent Body Mass Index (BMI) versus actual measurements in young adults. Physically measured and self-reported height and weight were taken from 1562 students. Male students marginally overestimated height, while females were closer to target. Males, on average, closely self-reported weight. Self-reported anthropometrics remained statistically correlated to …

Artificial Light At Night Alters Behavior In Laboratory And Wild Animals, Kathryn L. G. Russart, Randy J. Nelson

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Life has evolved to internalize and depend upon the daily and seasonal light cycles to synchronize physiology and behavior with environmental conditions. The nightscape has been vastly changed in response to the use of artificial lighting. Wildlife is now often exposed to direct lighting via streetlights or indirect lighting via sky glow at night. Because many activities rely on daily and seasonal light cues, the effects of artificial light at night could be extensive, but remain largely unknown. Laboratory studies suggest exposure to light at night can alter typical timing of daily locomotor activity and shift the timing of foraging/food …

Correlations Of Self-Reported Androgen Deficiency In Ageing Males (Adam) With Stress And Sleep Among Young Adult Males, Camille M. Charlier, Makenzie L. Barr, Sarah E. Colby, Geoffrey W. Greene, Melissa D. Olfert

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Androgen deficiency in males has traditionally been predominantly limited to older men aged 50+ years. However, little is known of the correlation between hormonal disruption, stress, and sleep in college-aged males. This cross-sectional study investigates lifestyle behavior patterns in young men and a screening for potential androgen deficiency. A survey of 409 male students, as part of a larger USDA-funded GetFruved study, was analyzed for this subproject. Survey instruments used include the Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male Questionnaire (ADAM) to assess for inadequate ADAM scores, the Perceived Stress Scale to measure stress levels and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index …

Depressive Symptoms And Untreated Coronal Dental Caries Among Adults Ages 21-64 Years, Nhanes 2013-2014, R. Constance Wiener, Chan Shen, Patricia A. Findley, Nilanjana Dwibedi, Usha Sambamoorthi

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background: Depression has been linked to poor oral health among patients seeking dental care. However, systematic research on the relationship between depressive symptoms and oral health is limited. Objective: To examine the association of depressive symptoms with untreated dental caries among adults aged 21-64 years. Basic Research Design: Cross-sectional secondary analysis. Setting: The data were extracted national data collected in the United States (2013-2014 National Health Nutrition and Examination Survey). Participants: The sample consisted of 3,127 non-institutionalized civilians. Main outcome measure: Untreated coronal dental caries (yes, no) was the key outcome variable. Depressive symptom categories (none, moderate, and severe) were …

Personal Oral Infection Control, Low Birthweight, And Preterm Births In Appalachia West Virginia: A Cross-Sectional Study, R. Constance Wiener, Christopher Waters

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Introduction. Appalachia West Virginia has a higher prevalence of preterm and low birthweight babies than the US national prevalence. Many factors have been studied which are known to infuence preterm births and low birthweight babies. Tere are limited interventions that are available to decrease the likelihood of preterm and low birthweight babies; however oral health and personal oral infection control may be helpful. Te purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of limited personal oral infection control among pregnant West Virginia Appalachian women and poor birth outcomes (preterm and low birthweight babies). Methods. A secondary data analysis of …

A Qualitative Analysis Of The Role Of Emotions In Different Patterns Of Long-Term Weight Loss, John Spencer Ingels, Sam Zizzi

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objective—To explore participant perspectives of the impact emotions have on weight loss. Design—A qualitative design gathered data through semi-structured interviews with participants in a weight management programme. The interview addresses the following research questions: (1) how do individuals working to lose weight perceive the impact emotions have on their longterm success, and (2) what strategies do more or less successful participants use to regulate their emotions? Researchers conducted and transcribed the interviews then completed content analysis to create and organise themes. Results—Two broad themes emerged through the interviews with 21 participants: emotional impact and emotional regulation. Further subthemes captured emotions …

Dysregulation Of Metabolic-Associated Pathways In Muscle Of Breast Cancer Patients: Preclinical Evaluation Of Interleukin-15 Targeting Fatigue, Joseph Bohlen, Sarah L. Mclaughlin, Hannah Hazard-Jenkins, Aniello M. Infante, Cortney Montgomery, Mary Davis, Emidio E. Pistilli

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background Breast cancer patients report a perception of increased muscle fatigue, which can persist following surgery and standardized therapies. In a clinical experiment, we tested the hypothesis that pathways regulating skeletal muscle fatigue are down-regulated in skeletal muscle of breast cancer patients and that different muscle gene expression patterns exist between breast tumour subtypes. In a preclinical study, we tested the hypothesis that mammary tumour growth in mice induces skeletal muscle fatigue and that overexpression of the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) can attenuate mammary tumourinduced muscle fatigue. Methods Early stage non-metastatic female breast cancer patients (n = 14) and female non-cancer …

Sex Differences In Sleep Duration Among Older Adults With Self-Reported Diagnosis Of Arthritis: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012, R. Constance Wiener, Alcinda K. Trickett-Shockey, Christopher Waters

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objective. Sleep is restorative, essential, and benefcial to health. Prevalences of some diseases have been associated with sleep duration. Tere are few studies in the literature on the relationship of sleep duration and arthritis stratifed by sex in older adults. Te purpose of this research is to investigate sleep duration among older adults in the United States who have self-reported diagnosis of arthritis. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used. Te data source was the National Health and Nutrition Examination 2009-2010 and 2011-2012. Self-reported diagnosis of arthritis and sleep duration were the variables of interest. Results. Tere were 4,888 participants, …

Dark Matters: Effects Of Light At Night On Metabolism, Randy J. Nelson, Souhad Chbeir

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Life on earth has evolved during the past several billion years under relatively bright days and dark night conditions. The wide-spread adoption of electric lights during the past century exposed animals, both human and non-human, to significant light at night for the first time in their evolutionary history. Endogenous circadian clocks depend on light to entrain to the external daily environment and seasonal rhythms depend on clear nightly melatonin signals to assess time of year. Thus, light at night can derange temporal adaptations. Indeed, disruption of naturally evolved light-dark cycles results in several physiological and behavioural changes with potentially serious …

The Expression Of Mirc1/Mir17-92 Cluster In Sputum Samples Correlates With Pulmonary Exacerbations In Cystic Fibrosis Patients, Kathrin Krause, Benjamin T. Kopp, Mia F. Tazi, Kyle Caution, Kaitlin Hamilton, Asmaa Badr, Chandra Shrestha, Dmitry Tumin, Don Hayes Jr, Frank Robledo-Avila, Luanne Hall-Stoodley, Brett G. Klamer, Xiaoli Zhang, Santiago Partida-Sanchez, Narasimham L. Parinandi, Stephen E. Kirkby, Duaa Dakhlallah, Karen S. Mccoy, Estelle Cormet-Boyaka, Amal O. Amer

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Introduction—Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multi-organ disorder characterized by chronic sinopulmonary infections and inflammation. Many patients with CF suffer from repeated pulmonary exacerbations that are predictors of worsened long-term morbidity and mortality. There are no reliable markers that associate with the onset or progression of an exacerbation or pulmonary deterioration. Previously, we found that the Mirc1/Mir17–92a cluster which is comprised of 6 microRNAs (Mirs) is highly expressed in CF mice and negatively regulates autophagy which in turn improves CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. Therefore, here we sought to examine the expression of individual Mirs within the Mirc1/Mir17–92 cluster in …

Synergistic Effect Of Black Tea Polyphenol, Theaflavin-3,3'-Digallate With Cisplatin Against Cisplatin Resistant Human Ovarian Cancer Cells, Haibo Pan, Jin Li, Gary O. Rankin, Yon Rojanasakul, Youying Tu, Yi Charlie Chen

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Theaflavin-3, 3’-digallate (TF3) is a phenolic compound extracted from black tea. We previously demonstrated that TF3 selectively inhibited ovarian cancer cells. Ovarian cancer has high death rate because of acquired cisplatin resistance. We aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of TF3 and cisplatin (CDDP) against cisplatin resistant ovarian cancer cells. In the present study, combination treatment with TF3 and CDDP showed a synergistic cytotoxic effect in A2780/CP70 and OVCAR3 cells. Combination treatment showed a synergistic pro-apoptotic effect and synergistically induced G1/S phase cell cycle arrest. Synergistic apoptosis was accompanied by regulating protein expression of cleaved caspase 3/7, cytochrome c, Bax …

Multimorbidity Trends In United States Adults, 1988-2014, Dana E. King, Jun Xiang, Courtney S. Pilkerton

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

No abstract provided.

Investigational Chemotherapy And Novel Pharmacokinetic Mechanisms For The Treatment Of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases, Neal Shah, Afroz S. Mohammad, Pushkar Saralkar, Samuel A. Sprowls, Schuyler D. Vickers, Devin John, Rachel M. Tallman, Brandon Lucke-Wold, Katherine E. Jarrell, Mark Pinti, Richard L. Nolan, Paul R. Lockman

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

In women, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis and second most common cause of cancer death. More than half of breast cancer patients will develop metastases to the bone, liver, lung, or brain. Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) confers a poor prognosis, as current therapeutic options of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy rarely significantly extend life and are considered palliative. Within the realm of chemotherapy, the last decade has seen an explosion of novel chemotherapeutics involving targeting agents and unique dosage forms. We provide a historical overview of BCBM chemotherapy, review the mechanisms of new agents such as poly-ADP …

Forage And Livestock Management After A Flood, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

In Vivo Application Of Proton-Electron Double-Resonance Imaging, Shun Kishimoto, Murali C. Krishna, Valery V. Khramtsov, Hideo Utsumi, David J. Lurie

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Significance: Proton-electron double-resonance imaging (PEDRI) employs electron paramagnetic resonance irradiation with low-field magnetic resonance imaging so that the electron spin polarization is transferred to nearby protons, resulting in higher signals. PEDRI provides information about free radical distribution and, indirectly, about the local microenvironment such as partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), tissue permeability, redox status, and acid-base balance. Recent Advances: Local acid-base balance can be imaged by exploiting the different resonance frequency of radical probes between R and RH+ forms. Redox status can also be imaged by using the loss of radical-related signal after reduction. These methods require optimized radical probes …

Relationship Between Pre-Pregnancy Maternal Bmi And Optimal Weight Gain In Singleton Pregnancies, Pierre-Yves Robillard, Gustaaf Dekker, Malik Boukerrou, Nathalie Le Moullec, Thomas C. Hulsey

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background: There is a peculiar phenomenon: two separate individuals (mother and foetus) have a mutually interactive dependency concerning their respective weight. Very thin mothers have a higher risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infants, and rarely give birth to a large for gestational age (LGA) infant. While morbidly obese women often give birth to LGA infants, and rarely to SGA. Normal birthweight (AGA) infants (>10th and investigate the interaction between maternal booking BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG) and neonatal birthweight centiles. Methods: 16.5 year-observational cohort study (2001e2017). The study population consisted of all consecutive singleton term (37 weeks …

The Complementary Health Approaches For Pain Survey (Chaps): Validity Testing And Characteristics Of A Rural Population With Pain, Termeh Feinberg, Dina L. Jones, Christa Lilly, Amna Umer, Kim Innes

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Objectives Little is known about patterns and correlates of Complementary Health Approaches (CHAs) in chronic pain populations, particularly in rural, underserved communities. This article details the development and implementation of a new survey instrument designed to address this gap, the Complementary Health Approaches for Pain Survey (CHAPS). Design Following pilot-testing using pre-specified criteria to assess quality and comprehension in our target population, and after feedback regarding face-validity from content experts and stakeholders, the final cross-sectional self-report survey required 10–12 minutes to complete. It contained 69 demographic, lifestyle and health-related factors, and utilized a Transtheoretical Model (TTM) underpinning to assess short- …

Does Early Exposure To Caffeine Promote Smoking And Alcohol Use Behavior? A Prospective Analysis Of Middle School Students, Alfgeir L. Kristjansson, Steven M. Kogan, Michael J. Mann, Megan L. Smith, Laura M. Juliano, Christa L. Lilly, Jack E. James

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background and Aims Despite the negative consequences associated with caffeine use among children and youth, its use is increasingly widespread among middle school students. Cross‐sectional studies reveal links between caffeine and other substance use. The potential for caffeine use to confer increased vulnerability to substance use, however, has not been investigated using prospective designs. We hypothesized that caffeine use at baseline would be associated positively with increased alcohol use, drunkenness, smoking and e‐cigarette use. Design Prospective cohort study with 12 months separating baseline from follow‐up. Setting West Virginia, USA. Participants Middle school students (6th and 7th grades; n = 3932) …

Nicotine And Exercise Performance: Another Tool In The Arsenal Or Curse For Anti-Doping? Eur J Appl Physiol, Toby Mündel, I. Mark Olfert

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

No abstract provided.

Cerebrovascular Dysfunction With Stress And Depression, Emily Burrage, Kent L. Marshall, Nalini Santanam, Paul D. Chantler

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion through a dense network of cerebral microvessels is critical for the perseveration of normal brain function. Regulation of the cerebral blood flow has to ensure adequate delivery of nutrients and oxygen with moment-to-moment adjustments to avoid both hypo- and hyper-perfusion of the brain tissue. Even mild impairments of cerebral blood flow regulation can have significant implications on brain function. Evidence suggests that chronic stress and depression elicits multifaceted functional impairments to the cerebral microcirculation, which plays a critical role in brain health and the pathogenesis of stress-related cognitive impairment and cerebrovascular events. Identifying the functional …

Community Orchards And Food Security In Appalachia, Ursula Ramsey

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Improving Outcomes In Child Poverty And Wellness In Appalachia In The "New Normal" Era: Infusing Empathy Into Law, Jill C. Engle

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Dietary Quality And Mental Health In A Young Adult Appalachian, Rachel A. Wattick

Munn Scholars Awards

No abstract provided.

Contributions Of Mean And Shape Of Blood Pressure Distribution To Worldwide Trends And Variations In Raised Blood Pressure: A Pooled Analysis Of 1018 Population-Based Measurement Studies With 88.6 Million Participants, Ncd Risk Factor Collaboration (Ncd-Risc)

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean …

Food Insecurity And Behavioral Characteristics For Academic Success In Young Adults Attending An Appalachian University, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Melissa D. Olfert

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

In order to investigate the impact of food insecurity on college students in a highly health disparate region we (1) assessed the prevalence of food insecurity among young adults at a large, rural university in Appalachia, and (2) investigated the relationship between food insecurity and behavioral characteristics including academic performance, coping strategies, and money expenditure. A cross-sectional design was used to capture a representative sample of young adults attending a large, central Appalachian university in Fall 2016. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey was used to measure food insecurity. Independent variables include money expenditure (MES), …