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Articles 1621 - 1650 of 1943

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Srebp-1 Integrates The Actions Of Thyroid Hormone, Insulin, Camp, And Medium-Chain Fatty Acids On Accalpha Transcription In Hepatocytes, Yanqiao Zhang, Liya Yin, F Bradley Hillgartner Jan 2002

Srebp-1 Integrates The Actions Of Thyroid Hormone, Insulin, Camp, And Medium-Chain Fatty Acids On Accalpha Transcription In Hepatocytes, Yanqiao Zhang, Liya Yin, F Bradley Hillgartner

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In chick embryo hepatocytes, activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-α (ACCα) transcription by 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) is mediated by a cis-acting regulatory unit (−101 to −71 bp) that binds the nuclear T3 receptor (TR) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1). SREBP-1 directly interacts with TR on the ACCα gene to enhance T3-induced transcription. Here, we show that treating hepatocytes with T3 or insulin stimulates a 4-fold increase in the concentration of the mature, active form of SREBP-1. When T3 and insulin are added together, a 7-fold increase in the mature SREBP-1 concentration is observed. Time course studies indicate that the T3-induced increase in …

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The Economic Role Of West Virginia's Food Systems In A Globalized Economic Environment., Sangnyeol Jung Jan 2002

The Economic Role Of West Virginia's Food Systems In A Globalized Economic Environment., Sangnyeol Jung

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The structure of West Virginia’s food systems is analyzed within the context of a changing structure of the U.S. and global food systems. Further, the economic role of food systems in West Virginia is investigated both at the state and an industry level using a combination of a descriptive analysis and an impact analysis. ARCVIEW is used for mapping in the descriptive analysis. The impact analysis is done using an input-output model. The descriptive analysis by itself cannot be used to draw definitive conclusions regarding the role of West Virginia’s food systems; thus, in addition to the descriptive analysis, an …

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Metal-Induced Generation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Related Cellular Injury., Stephen Sunday Leonard Jan 2002

Metal-Induced Generation Of Reactive Oxygen Species And Related Cellular Injury., Stephen Sunday Leonard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Metals have been indicated in causing generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular injury. The overall objective of the present study was to investigate ROS generation from metals and the related effects on biological systems. The results obtained from the present studies have demonstrated that: (a) Cobalt is capable of generating ·OH via a Co(I)-mediated Fenton-like reaction. (b) The ·OH radical is generated by reaction of H2O2 with Cr(V), which is produced by enzymatic one-electron reduction of Cr(VI). H2O2 is produced by reduction of molecular oxygen via O2·− as an intermediate. The ·OH radicals generated by these reactions are …

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Policy Effectiveness And Instrument Selection: An Examination Of United States Organ And Tissue Donation Policies., Jennifer Lyn Mesich-Brant Jan 2002

Policy Effectiveness And Instrument Selection: An Examination Of United States Organ And Tissue Donation Policies., Jennifer Lyn Mesich-Brant

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Continuing advances in medical technology have made organ and tissue transplantation safer and more effective. However, organ and tissue donation has not increased at a similar pace. In order to promote donation and transplantation, federal and state governments have assumed an active role in educating citizens about the need for organs and tissues. This research examines why this policy area developed the way that it did and how effective it has been. I examine the need for a new policy typology and argue that policy type influences instrument selection. More specifically, I examine the effectiveness of policy changes in certain …

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The Effects Of Diet And Weight On Induction Of Puberty And Fertility Response In Yearling Beef Heifers., Quinn Stephan Baptiste Jan 2002

The Effects Of Diet And Weight On Induction Of Puberty And Fertility Response In Yearling Beef Heifers., Quinn Stephan Baptiste

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The effects of weight; high (HW) or low (LW), and diet; high-energy (HE) or low-energy (LE), on the fertility of 118 yearling Angus, Hereford, and Angus x Hereford beef heifers were investigated. Heifers were blocked by body weight, and randomly assigned to diets for 47 and 42 days in years, 1 and 2, respectively. Estrus was synchronized with MGA (8 d, 0.5mg/hd/d), PGF2α (25 mg i.m.), and estradiol benzoate (400 µg i.m, 48 h after PGF2α) regimen. Heifers were artificially inseminated between 78-84 h after the PGF2α injection and then exposed to a bull for the second service. Overall pregnancy …

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Creating Loyalty In Relationship Marketing: A Descriptive Study Of Supermarket Loyalty Programs., Catherine Maria Brumley Jan 2002

Creating Loyalty In Relationship Marketing: A Descriptive Study Of Supermarket Loyalty Programs., Catherine Maria Brumley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis explores the concept of loyalty marketing as a component of relationship marketing, by creating, building, and maintaining long-term relationships with customers to develop lifetime value and brand loyalty to one particular company or brand. The data highlights loyalty card programs implemented within the supermarket industry and evaluates those programs based on the variables of loyalty. The variables include trust, commitment, satisfaction, and value. The findings show documentation for or against the initial hypotheses, which involve factors affecting supermarket loyalty, such as convenience, price, and perceived brand value.

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The Development Of Policies And Procedures For Referring Collegiate Athletes With Eating Disorders., Brooke R. Andrews Jan 2002

The Development Of Policies And Procedures For Referring Collegiate Athletes With Eating Disorders., Brooke R. Andrews

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Objective: To write an institutional policy that outlines a referral plan for collegiate athletes diagnosed with eating disorders. Design: A modified Delphi Technique. Participants: 14 Team Physicians and 14 Head Athletic Trainers from the Big East Athletic Conference. Interventions: Participants received a first round demographic and policies questionnaires followed by a second round policies questionnaire two weeks later. Participants were asked to rate the components on relevance to a written policy. Results: The final policy outlines the medical personnel who should comprise an Eating Disorder Team, what evaluations are mandatory for an athlete suspected of having an eating disorder, and …

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The Big Three As Related To Receiver Apprehension And Listening Behaviors., Jamie Lynn Hayhurst Jan 2002

The Big Three As Related To Receiver Apprehension And Listening Behaviors., Jamie Lynn Hayhurst

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current study examined receiver and listening behaviors from a communibiological point of view. Communibiology proposes that particular communication variables are predictable by individual inborn processes. These inborn processes make up our individual temperament. Therefore, the apprehension variables were measured to determine if they were predicted by temperament. Individual temperament was measured using Eysenck’s Big Three measurement of extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. The dependent variables were then regressed to determine if they were predictable by all three temperament variables and/or by one of individual variables. College undergraduates (N = 325) voluntarily participated in the study. Results indicate mixed support for …

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The Prevalence Of Eating Disorder Pathology And Inadequate Diets Among Division I Female Collegiate Athletes., Rachel Michele Stewart Jan 2002

The Prevalence Of Eating Disorder Pathology And Inadequate Diets Among Division I Female Collegiate Athletes., Rachel Michele Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Disordered eating and inadequate nutrient intake are problematic issues concerning females involved in athletics. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of eating disorder pathology and inadequate diet intake among a population of female athletes. A convenience sample of 91 female athletes was recruited from West Virginia University. The subjects were surveyed for the presence of eating pathology via three validated self-report questionnaires. Quantitative nutrient intake was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire. The results revealed that 23% (n=21) of subjects were classified as having a probable eating disorder, 41% (n=37) of the athletes demonstrated some eating pathology …

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The Study Of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6pd) Gene Regulation In Hepg2 Cells By Glucose Induction And The Study Of G6pd Mrna Localization By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Fish)., Brian Nelson Griffith Jan 2002

The Study Of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6pd) Gene Regulation In Hepg2 Cells By Glucose Induction And The Study Of G6pd Mrna Localization By Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (Fish)., Brian Nelson Griffith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

HepG2 cells were used as a model system to study the regulation of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). Regulation of hepatic G6PD expression involves changes in the amount of G6PD pre-mRNA in the nucleus in the absence of changes in the transcription rate of the gene. G6PD expression is increased in HepG2 cells incubated with increasing glucose concentrations. G6PD mRNA is increased 3- to 4- fold by incubation in 25 mM glucose, as compared to 0 mM glucose. To determine the cis-acting element involved in this regulation, HepG2 cells were stably transfected with G6PD genomic DNA composed of exons 7 through …

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Participants' Beliefs About Educational Risk And Resilience In Energy Express, A Summer Intervention Program For West Virginia's Elementary Schoolchildren, Lynn G. Mcmullen Jan 2002

Participants' Beliefs About Educational Risk And Resilience In Energy Express, A Summer Intervention Program For West Virginia's Elementary Schoolchildren, Lynn G. Mcmullen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Energy Express is a six-week summer program to promote the school success of elementary school children living in rural and low-income communities of West Virginia. Throughout the course of the program, college student AmeriCorps members provide literacy, art, and recreation activities for multiage groups of 5 to 8 children under the direction of a site coordinator, most often a local education professional. The purpose of this study was to describe the beliefs of Energy Express participants about educational risks faced by West Virginia schoolchildren, and to examine the effects of those beliefs on daily program decisions and interactions with children. …

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The Relationship Of Superintendent Instructional Leadership Behavior And Student Achievement In High-Performing High Schools That Work Network Public High Schools In West Virginia., Steven Louis Paine Jan 2002

The Relationship Of Superintendent Instructional Leadership Behavior And Student Achievement In High-Performing High Schools That Work Network Public High Schools In West Virginia., Steven Louis Paine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine instructional leadership behaviors that West Virginia school superintendents employ in leading principals in school districts containing high performing High Schools That Work Network public high schools and to determine what relationship exists between superintendent instructional leadership behaviors and student achievement based on the High Schools That Work Assessments. Data derived from 20 pairs of superintendents and principals from high performing High Schools That Work Network public high schools were analyzed to determine superintendent instructional leadership behaviors that related to student achievement. Statistically significant relationships were determined between superintendents and principals for instructional …

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Micro-And Pulsed-Plasmas: Fine Tuning Plasma Energies For Chemical Analysis., Matthew Alan Moser Jan 2002

Micro-And Pulsed-Plasmas: Fine Tuning Plasma Energies For Chemical Analysis., Matthew Alan Moser

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During the past decade, true chemical speciation has become increasingly important for environmental, clinical and nutritional chemists. Chemical speciation, by definition, is the identification of elements and their chemical environment in a given sample. The current and most popular trend for chemical speciation is to utilize hyphenated techniques, thus yielding two-dimensional information. Often, chromatography or an alternate separation technique is used to separate the mixture into its constituent components. Then, each component is interrogated by some spectroscopic technique. In nearly all cases, the nature of the compounds are inferred from their relative chromatographic properties, and the identification of elements and …

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The Development And Validity Testing Of The Risk Communicator Style Scale And The Risk Knowledge Index., Jason Steven Wrench Jan 2002

The Development And Validity Testing Of The Risk Communicator Style Scale And The Risk Knowledge Index., Jason Steven Wrench

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the current lack of quantitative research in the area of risk communication. This study set out to develop and then validate two different scales that could be used for future research in the area of risk communication. The first scale created in this study is the Risk Communicator Style Scale. The scale is based on the technical and democratic models of risk communication described by Fiorino (1989). This study found a conceptual problem with Fiorino's original conceptualization of technical risk communication. Fiorino's original conceptualization of technical communication tried to equate the use of scientific and statistical information …

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The Impact Of A Language Learning Context On Chinese Students Learning English., Saundra Enany Faris Jan 2002

The Impact Of A Language Learning Context On Chinese Students Learning English., Saundra Enany Faris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine English language acquisition in four ESL children whose native country is China. Each of the four children was considered individually and holistically through case study methodology, and some comparisons across children were considered. A second purpose of this study was to look holistically at the instructional strategies used to support language acquisition for each of these students. In addition, this research investigated the perceptions of the four Chinese ESL students regarding strategies and instructional methods used to facilitate English language acquisition at one or two elementary schools in a rural state in …

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Stand Dynamics And Disturbance History Of Five Oak -Dominated Old -Growth Stands In The Unglaciated Appalachian Plateau, James Spencer Rentch Dec 2001

Stand Dynamics And Disturbance History Of Five Oak -Dominated Old -Growth Stands In The Unglaciated Appalachian Plateau, James Spencer Rentch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Stand dynamics and disturbance histories of five eastern, oak-dominated old-growth stands were investigated using ecological field sampling techniques, dendrochronologogical methods, and a review of historical resources of original forest composition and patterns of human and natural disturbance. Witness tree tallies from 18th century land surveys show that presettlement forests in the study areas were oak-dominated forests. Quercus alba was, at minimum, twice as abundant as Q. velutina, the second ranked species. Acer saccharum and Fagus grandifolia were among the top ten ranked species at each site; however their importance value was consistently less than one-third the value for Q. alba. …

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Prevalence Of Campylobacter In A Turkey Production Facility, Aaron Shawn Kiess Dec 2001

Prevalence Of Campylobacter In A Turkey Production Facility, Aaron Shawn Kiess

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Frequency of detection was monitored in three flocks of turkeys from May, 2000 to March 2001. The effect of time was considered for hens in flocks 1 and 2, and the effect of time, gender, and litter (fresh or used) was determined for flock 3. Poults, poult-box liners, waterers, and fecal droppings were monitered throughout production for the presence of Campylobacter using Campy-Cefex agar incubated at 42°C under microaerophilic conditions (85% N2, 10% CO2, and 5% O2). Peak colonization occurred near 3 weeks of production. Frequency of Campylobacter isolation from bird sources paralleled isolation from waterers. Frequency of detection from …

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Manager Characteristics And Support For Worksite Health Promotion Programs That Target Women In Small, Blue-Collar Worksites, Leigh Wiley Belton Dec 2001

Manager Characteristics And Support For Worksite Health Promotion Programs That Target Women In Small, Blue-Collar Worksites, Leigh Wiley Belton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the relationship between manager support for health promotion programs and perceived benefits of health promotion activities, organizational health climate, and personal health behaviors among managers in small, blue-collar textile and light manufacturing worksites in eastern North Carolina. Ninety-eight managers completed a self-administered questionnaire that assessed levels of support for, and interest in, employee health promotion programs, perception of organization climate, and perceived benefits of health promotion activities. Demographic data was also collected. Chi-square and correlation analyses were used to assess statistical significance. No significant associations were found between level of manager support and demographic characteristics, perceived benefits …

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Parent-Infant Interactions During Acute Painful Procedures, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan Dec 2001

Parent-Infant Interactions During Acute Painful Procedures, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite the current recognition of infant procedural pain and distress, there is a dearth of research, both in the assessment and treatment literature, of infant procedural distress. This study examined how specific parent behaviors relate to infant procedural distress and whether this relation is mediated by birth order. Results indicated that females were rated as more distressed than were males, and that birth order did not prove to be a distinguishing factor in infant distress. Finally, while some behaviors appear to have a similar influence on both preschoolers' and infants' behaviors, parents' behavior during infants' distressing procedures were found to …

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Factors Affecting The Accumulation Of Pentosidine In The Skin Of Wild Birds, Richard Clair Chaney Jr. Dec 2001

Factors Affecting The Accumulation Of Pentosidine In The Skin Of Wild Birds, Richard Clair Chaney Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Birds have few reliable indicators of aging. Pentosidine (Ps), a biomarker of aging, is a product of non-enzymatic glycation, which accumulates in the tissues of an animal over its lifespan. The intent of this study was to determine if comparable change in Ps concentrations could be established in the skin of wild birds of known ages. Skin samples were obtained from the breast of 44 birds of various species. Foot webbing samples were obtained from 24 California Gulls. Collagen was measured by a hydroxyproline spectrophotometric method and Ps was quantified using reverse phase HPLC. Ps concentration in the skin and …

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Mechanisms Of Retroviral Replication, Timur O. Kabdulov Dec 2001

Mechanisms Of Retroviral Replication, Timur O. Kabdulov

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Specific encapsidation of viral RNA is an essential step of retroviral replication cycle. Extensive biochemical and genetic analyses suggest that majority of retroviruses employ similar mechanisms for specific RNA packaging. Better understanding of mechanisms of this process may help to develop new anti-retroviral drugs against such serious pathogens as human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2.;This study concerns with specific packaging of RNA by two simple retroviruses, murine leukemia virus (MLV) and spleen necrosis virus (SNV). SNV proteins can package RNA of both SNV and MLV with similar efficiency. In contrast, MLV proteins cannot package SNV RNA. NC domain was …

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Green Tea Antioxidants Inhibition Of Oxidation And Mutation, Paul Stout Mcconnell Aug 2001

Green Tea Antioxidants Inhibition Of Oxidation And Mutation, Paul Stout Mcconnell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Green tea is a complex mixture containing several major potent antioxidants e.g., flavins and/or polyphenols. These antioxidants in green tea may react directly or indirectly with strong oxidizers e.g. peroxynitrite or its constituents (superoxide or nitric oxide). Green tea antioxidants can destroy the oxidants. Based on a simple chemical interaction of peroxynitrite (OONO-) and luminol, blue light is produced upon oxidation. It was shown that green tea and constituents have light inhibitory capabilities. In order to show the possible beneficial effects of green tea with DNA, plasmids were chosen to determine whether or not green tea was also capable of …

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Factors Influencing Crosslink Formation In Muscle Tissue, Maricica Pacurari Aug 2001

Factors Influencing Crosslink Formation In Muscle Tissue, Maricica Pacurari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of the crosslink breaker ALT-711 on the concentration of soluble collagen, as well as its effectiveness on meat tenderness.;Final body weights were not affected by treatments. Muscle tenderness was higher (p < 0.05) for TB, SS, BF, ST, and LT (p < 0.10) for A-maturity animals compared to control and ALT-711 treated animals. No consistent ALT-711 effect on shear force measurements was found. Shear force increased linearly with age BF, R2 = 0.94; SM, R2 = 0.81; LL, R 2 = 0.77; SS, R2 = 0.63; LT, R2 = 0.32; TB, R2 = 0.37; ST, R2 = 0.40. Total collagen content was not different (p > 0.10) between A-maturity, control and ALT-711 treated animals. However, the concentration of soluble collagen was higher (P < 0.05) for A-maturity group. Insoluble collagen content was higher (p < 0.05) for longissimus thoracis, biceps femoris, and (p < 0.10) for supraspinatus of control animals. Muscle soluble collagen content decreased linearly as chronological age increased LT R2 = 0.98; LL R 2 = 0.92; TB R2 = 0.99; BF R2 = 0.99; ST R2 = 0.95; SM R2 = 0.99; SS R2 = 0.36. The soluble collagen percentage was higher for ALT-711 treated animals compared to control animals.;ALT-711 tended to increase muscle soluble collagen content of aged cattle. ALT-711 may be an effective age-related collagen crosslink breaker. However, ALT-711 may not be used to improve meat quality of aged cattle.

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Economic Evaluation Of Three Preventive Drug Therapies For Osteoporotic Fractures Among Women At Different Risk Levels, Xin Gao Aug 2001

Economic Evaluation Of Three Preventive Drug Therapies For Osteoporotic Fractures Among Women At Different Risk Levels, Xin Gao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Objective. To evaluate cost-effectiveness (CE) of three drug therapies for preventing osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women from a state Medicaid Program perspective using the estimated risk distribution in the study population. The three therapies are: hormone replacement therapy (HRT), alendronate, and raloxifene. Methods. A hypothetical cohort of white women aged 45--85 years, postmenopausal, and without past incidence of osteoporotic fractures was treated with one of the three alternatives, and tracked over 3 years in a decision model. The CE ratio was defined as the treatment costs [e.g., medications, monitoring, adverse events (AE)] divided by the number of fractures averted. Treatment …

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Ante- And Post-Mortem Factors Affect Muscle Protein Functionality From Fish, Sitima Jittinandana Aug 2001

Ante- And Post-Mortem Factors Affect Muscle Protein Functionality From Fish, Sitima Jittinandana

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, fillets were brined in 8.7 or 17.4% (w/v) sodium chloride solution, respectively, for 30, 60, 90, or 120 min at 3°C. Increased brine concentration decreased brined pH, myosin solubility, brined and cooked moisture content, and water activity, and increased fillet weight loss after brining, cook yield, actin solubility, water-phase salt content, and shear force. Brining time linearly increased myofibrillar protein solubility, fillet weight loss after brining, water-phase salt content, and cooked ash content and linearly decreased water activity and brined and cooked moisture content. An 8.7% (w/v) brine and 90-min brining time resulted in maximum texture …

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Effect Of Concentrations Of Progesterone On Follicular Development And Fertility In Beef Cows, Jason Brian Candler Aug 2001

Effect Of Concentrations Of Progesterone On Follicular Development And Fertility In Beef Cows, Jason Brian Candler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study was performed to investigate the effects of low ascending concentrations of progesterone on fertility in lactating beef cattle. Cows on the low ascending progesterone treatment received PGF2alpha from days 3 to 4 after estrus. All cows received PGF2alpha on day 9, and estradiol benzoate on day 11. Cows were inseminated artificially 12 hours after estrus. Concentrations of progesterone were lower in treated versus control cows. Pregnancy rate did not differ between treated and control cows. Pregnancy rate was greater in cows that ovulated a follicle from the right (78%) versus left (52%) ovary (p < 0.01). Low ascending progesterone early in the estrous cycle did not decrease fertility to the same extent seen with extended periods of low progesterone.

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Damage Mechanics Of Human Cortical Bone, Gagik Parsam Parsamian Aug 2001

Damage Mechanics Of Human Cortical Bone, Gagik Parsam Parsamian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Skeletal fragility is an important orthopedic concern including the prevention of osteoporosis, long-term stability of prosthetic implants and stress fractures. Damage in human cortical bone has been implicated as a cause of increased fragility and is thought to initiate bone remodeling. Therefore, characterization of the mechanisms of damage initiation and accumulation in bone is challenging not only from the engineering prospective but also has a potential of revealing new insights in its physiology. The main objectives of this dissertation work were to study the early stages of damage development in human cortical bone and develop a constitutive formulation describing damage …

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Seasonal Plasticity Of A15 Dopaminergic Neurons In The Ewe, Van Lee Adams Aug 2001

Seasonal Plasticity Of A15 Dopaminergic Neurons In The Ewe, Van Lee Adams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the ewe, anestrus is caused by increased sensitivity to E2 negative feedback that is mediated by A15 dopaminergic neurons that are only responsive to E2 in anestrus. Experiment 1, tested the hypothesis that synaptic input on A15 neurons varies with season by examining synapsin-positive close contacts on A15 cells using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The number of contacts on dendrites, but not somata, increased during anestrus. There were also corresponding changes in dendritic morphology including an increase in dendritic length, surface area, and number of bifurcations. Because thyroid hormones are necessary for the transition to anestrus, we next examined …

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Transport And Utilization Of Arginine And Arginine-Containing Peptides By Rat Alveolar Macrophages, Xiaodong Yang Aug 2001

Transport And Utilization Of Arginine And Arginine-Containing Peptides By Rat Alveolar Macrophages, Xiaodong Yang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Purpose. To demonstrate that alveolar macrophages (AM) from rats exhibit pepT1-like transporter for the uptake of small arginine-containing peptides (ACPs) and utilized these peptides as direct substrates for nitric oxide (NO) production.;Method. A HPLC assay was developed for quantitative measurement of Arg and ACPs in rat plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. The uptake of small peptides by rat AM was evaluated using fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)-labeled (*) peptides (Arg-Lys*, beta-Ala-Lys*, and Gly-Sar-Lys*), HPLC analysis of potential peptide degradation, and known inhibitors on arginine (Arg) and PepT1 transport. NO production by AM through Arg and ACPs was studied with and without …

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Functional Profiles Of Growth-Related Genes During Embryogenesis And Postnatal Development Of Chicken And Mouse Skeletal Muscle, Hakan Kocamis Aug 2001

Functional Profiles Of Growth-Related Genes During Embryogenesis And Postnatal Development Of Chicken And Mouse Skeletal Muscle, Hakan Kocamis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to measure myostatin, follistatin, activin-B gene expressions during chicken embryonic development. Strong myostatin expression was found in the early chicken embryos (E 0, E 1) and the developmental expression pattern of myostatin mRNA coincided with the periods of primary and secondary muscle fiber formation. Follistatin transcripts followed a linear expression pattern from E 0 to E 20, while activin-B had a quadratic pattern. The ontogeny of myostatin gene expression was nearly identical in satellite cells isolated from pectoralis major (PM) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles of chicken. Activin-B mRNA level in PM satellite …

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