Digital Commons Network^™

The Repeating Fast Radio Burst Frb 121102 As Seen On Milliarcsecond Angular Scales, B. Marcote, J. W. T. Hessels, S. Burke-Spolaor, M. A. Mclaughlin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Effect Of Alternative Carbon Allocation Schemes In A Land Surface Model (Clm4.5) On Carbon Fluxes, Pools And Turnover In Temperate Forests, Natasha Macbean, M. Ross Alexander, Alex Dye, Amy E. Hessl

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

How carbon (C) is allocated to different plant tissues (leaves, stem and roots) determines C residence time and thus remains a central challenge for understanding the global C cycle. We used a diverse set of observations (AmeriFlux eddy covariance tower observations, biomass estimates from tree-ring data, and Leaf Area Index (LAI) measurements) to compare C fluxes, pools, and LAI data with those predicted by a Land Surface Model (LSM), the Community Land Model (CLM4.5). We ran CLM for nine temperate (including evergreen and deciduous) forests in North America between 1980 and 2013 using four different C allocation schemes: i) Dynamic …

Star Formation Towards The Galactic H Ii Region Rcw 120 - Herschel Observations Of Compact Sources, M. Figueira, A. Zavagno, L. Deharveng, L. D. Anderson

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The expansion of H ii regions can trigger the formation of stars. An overdensity of young stellar objects is observed at the edges of H ii regions but the mechanisms that give rise to this phenomenon are not clearly identified. Moreover, it is difficult to establish a causal link between H ii -region expansion and the star formation observed at the edges of these regions. A clear age gradient observed in the spatial distribution of young sources in the surrounding might be a strong argument in favor of triggering.

A Polarized Fast Radio Burst At Low Galactic Latitude, E. Petroff, S. Burke-Spolaor, M. A. Mclaughlin, R. Miller

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

4465-4482

The Nanograv Nine-Year Data Set: Measurement And Analysis Of Variations In Dispersion Measures, M. L. Jones, M. A. Mclaughlin, J. M. Cordes, M. T. Lam

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We analyze dispersion measure (DM) variations of 37 millisecond pulsars in the nine-year North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) data release and constrain the sources of these variations. DM variations can result from a changing distance between Earth and the pulsar, inhomogeneities in the interstellar medium, and solar effects. Variations are significant for nearly all pulsars, with characteristic timescales comparable to or even shorter than the average spacing between observations. Five pulsars have periodic annual variations, 14 pulsars have monotonically increasing or decreasing trends, and 14 pulsars show both effects. Of the four pulsars with linear trends that …

Long-Term Observations Of The Pulsars In 47 Tucanae – Ii. Proper Motions, Accelerations And Jerks, P. C. C. Freire, A. Ridolfi, M. Kramer, D. R. Lorimer

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper is the second in a series where we report the results of the long-term timing of the millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in 47 Tucanae with the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. We obtain improved timing parameters that provide additional information for studies of the cluster dynamics: (a) the pulsar proper motions yield an estimate of the proper motion of the cluster as a whole (μα = 5.00 ± 0.14 mas yr − 1, μδ = − 2.84 ± 0.12 mas yr − 1) and the motion of the pulsars relative to each other. (b) We measure the second spin-period derivatives …

Search For Continuous Gravitational Waves From Neutron Stars In Globular Cluster Ngc 6544, B. P. Abbott, B. D. Cheeseboro, R. C. Devine, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We describe a directed search for continuous gravitational waves in data from the sixth LIGO science run. The target was the nearby globular cluster NGC 6544 at a distance of 2.7 kpc. The search covered a broad band of frequencies along with first and second frequency derivatives for a fixed sky position. The search coherently integrated data from the two LIGO interferometers over a time span of 9.2 days using the matched-filtering F-statistic. We found no gravitational-wave signals and set 95% confidence upper limits as stringent as 6.0 X 10^{-25} on intrinsic strain and 8.5 X 10^{-6} on fiducial ellipticity. …

Calibration Of The Advanced Ligo Detectors For The Discovery Of The Binary Black-Hole Merger Gw150914, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, E. A. Huerta, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In Advanced LIGO, detection and astrophysical source parameter estimation of the binary black hole merger GW150914 requires a calibrated estimate of the gravitational-wave strain sensed by the detectors. Producing an estimate from each detector's differential arm length control loop readout signals requires applying time domain filters, which are designed from a frequency domain model of the detector's gravitational-wave response. The gravitational-wave response model is determined by the detector's opto-mechanical response and the properties of its feedback control system. The measurements used to validate the model and characterize its uncertainty are derived primarily from a dedicated photon radiation pressure actuator, with …

First Narrow-Band Search For Continuous Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars In Advanced Detector Data, P. T. Baker, B. D. Cheeseboro, Z. B. Etienne, T. D. Knowles, A. Lenon, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In Advanced LIGO, detection and astrophysical source parameter estimation of the binary black hole merger GW150914 requires a calibrated estimate of the gravitational-wave strain sensed by the detectors. Producing an estimate from each detector's differential arm length control loop readout signals requires applying time domain filters, which are designed from a frequency domain model of the detector's gravitational-wave response. The gravitational-wave response model is determined by the detector's opto-mechanical response and the properties of its feedback control system. The measurements used to validate the model and characterize its uncertainty are derived primarily from a dedicated photon radiation pressure actuator, with …

Gw170817: Observation Of Gravitational Waves From A Binary Neutron Star Inspiral, P. T. Baker, B. D. Cheeseboro, Z. B. Etienne, T. D. Knowles, A. Lenon, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

First Low-Frequency Einstein@Home All-Sky Search For Continuous Gravitational Waves In Advanced Ligo Data, P. T. Baker, B. D. Cheeseboro, R. C. Devine, Z. B. Etienne, A. Lenon, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

All-Sky Search For Periodic Gravitational Waves In The O1 Ligo Data, P. T. Baker, B. D. Cheeseboro, R. C. Devine, Z. B. Etienne, A. Lenon, S. T. Mcwilliams

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We present the results of a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using data from the first Advanced LIGO observing run. The search method uses details of the modelled, parametrized continuous signal to combine coherently data separated by less than a specified coherence time, which can be adjusted to trade off sensitivity against computational cost. A search was conducted over the frequency range from 25 Hz to 2000 Hz, spanning the current observationally-constrained range of the binary orbital parameters. No significant detection candidates were found, and frequency-dependent upper limits were set using a …

A Multi-Telescope Campaign On Frb 121102: Implications For The Frb Population, C. J. Law, G. C. Bower, S. Burke-Spolaor, M. A. Mclaughlin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Project Amiga: A Minimal Covering Factor For Optically Thick Circumgalactic Gas Around The Andromeda Galaxy, J. Christopher Howk, Christopher B. Wotta, D. J. Pisano, S. A. Wolfe

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

A Search For Fast Radio Bursts With The Gbncc Pulsar Survey, P. Chawla, K. M. Rajwade, D. R. Lorimer, M. A. Mclaughlin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Prefer Proline As A Nutrient And Transport Metabolic Intermediates To The Retinal Side, Jennifer R. Chao, Kaitlen Knight, Yekai Wang, Jianhai Du

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

2017 Symposium Brochure

Programs

No abstract provided.

Fibrous Nanocellulose, Crystalline Nanocellulose, Carbon Nanotubes, And Crocidolite Asbestos Elicit Disparate Immune Responses Upon Pharyngeal Aspiration In Mice, Eun-Jung Park, Timur O. Khaliullin, Michael R. Shurin, Elena R. Kisin, Naveena Yanamala, Bengt Fadeel, Jaerak Chang, Anna A. Shvedova

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

With the rapid development of synthetic alternatives to mineral fibers, their possible effects on the environment and human health have become recognized as important issues worldwide. This study investigated effects of four fibrous materials, i.e. nanofibrillar/nanocrystalline celluloses (NCF and CNC), single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and crocidolite asbestos (ASB), on pulmonary inflammation and immune responses found in the lungs, as well as the effects on spleen and peripheral blood immune cell subsets. BALB/c mice were given NCF, CNC, CNT, and ASB on Day 1 by oropharyngeal aspiration. At 14 days post-exposure, the animals were evaluated. Total cell number, mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear …

A Mixed-Methods Study Of System-Level Sustainability Of Evidence-Based Practices In 12 Large-Scale Implementation Initiatives, Ashley T. Scudder, Sarah M. Taber-Thomas, Kristen Schaffner, Joy R. Pemberton, Leah Hunter, Amy D. Herschell

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

In recent decades, evidence-based practices (EBPs) have been broadly promoted in community behavioural health systems in the United States of America, yet reported EBP penetration rates remain low. Determining how to systematically sustain EBPs in complex, multi-level service systems has important implications for public health. This study examined factors impacting the sustainability of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) in large-scale initiatives in order to identify potential predictors of sustainment.

Methods

A mixed-methods approach to data collection was used. Qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys examining sustainability processes and outcomes were completed by participants from 12 large-scale initiatives.

Results

Sustainment strategies fell …

Volatility Spillover And Time-Varying Conditional Correlation Between Ddgs, Corn, And Soybean Meal Markets, Xiaoli L. Etienne, Andres Trujillo-Barrera, Linwood A. Hoffman

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

We find distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) prices to be positively correlated with both corn and soybean meal prices in the long run. However, neither corn nor soybean meal prices respond to deviations from this long-run relationship. We also identify strong time-varying dynamic conditional correlations between the markets, with the correlation between DDGS and corn strengthened after the expansion of ethanol production. There also appear to exist significant volatility spillovers from both the corn and soybean meal markets to the DDGS market, with the impact from corn shocks much larger compared to soybean meal shocks.

Maximum Strength, Rate Of Force Development, Jump Height, And Peak Power Alterations In Weightlifters Across Five Months Of Training, W Guy Hornsby, Jeremy A. Gentles, Christopher J. Macdonald, Satoshi Mizuguchi, Michael W. Ramsey, Michael H. Stone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The purpose of this monitoring study was to investigate how alterations in training affect changes in force-related characteristics and weightlifting performance. Subjects: Seven competitive weightlifters participated in the study. Methods: The weightlifters performed a block style periodized plan across 20 weeks. Force plate data from the isometric mid-thigh pull and static jumps with 0 kg, 11 kg, and 20 kg were collected near the end of each training block (weeks 1, 6, 10, 13, 17, and 20). Weightlifting performance was measured at weeks 0, 7, 11, and 20. Results: Very strong correlations were noted between weightlifting performances and isometric rate …

Stroke-Associated Pattern Of Gene Expression Previously Identified By Machine-Learning Is Diagnostically Robust In An Independent Patient Population, Grant C. O'Connell, Paul D. Chantler, Taura L. Barr

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Our group recently employed genome-wide transcriptional profiling in tandem with machine-learning based analysis to identify a ten-gene pattern of differential expression in peripheral blood which may have utility for detection of stroke. The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic capacity and temporal stability of this stroke-associated transcriptional signature in an independent patient population. Publicly available whole blood microarray data generated from 23 ischemic stroke patients at 3, 5, and 24 h post-symptom onset, as well from 23 cardiovascular disease controls, were obtained via the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus. Expression levels of the ten …

Agronomic Performance Of Populus Deltoides Trees Engineered For Biofuel Production, David Macaya-Sanz, Jin-Gui Chen, Udaya C. Kalluri, Wellington Muchero, Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Lee E. Gunter, Sandra J. Simpson, Ajaya K. Biswal, Anthony C. Bryan, Raja Payyavula, Meng Xie, Yongil Yang, Jin Zhang, Debra Mohnen, Gerald A. Tuskan, Stephen P. Difazio

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: One of the major barriers to the development of lignocellulosic feedstocks is the recalcitrance of plant cell walls to deconstruction and saccharification. Recalcitrance can be reduced by targeting genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, but this can have unintended consequences that compromise the agronomic performance of the trees under field conditions. Here we report the results of a field trial of fourteen distinct transgenic Populus deltoides lines that had previously demonstrated reduced recalcitrance without yield penalties under greenhouse conditions.

Results: Survival and productivity of the trial were excellent in the first year, and there was little evidence for reduced …

Pancreatic Divisum: An Unusual Cause Of Chronic Pancreatitis In A Young Patient, Aaron R. Kuzel, Muhammad U. Lodhi, Mustafa Rahim

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Pancreatic divisum is a condition that occurs in 4-14% of the population. Pancreatic divisum occurs in development when the ventral bud and dorsal bud of the pancreas fail to fuse. Patients with this condition are usually asymptomatic, however, 25-38% of these patients experience recurrent pancreatitis that may further progress to chronic pancreatitis. This case is of a 20-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain in the left and right upper quadrants of the abdomen with a significant history of recurrent pancreatitis since the age of seven. The patient was examined with computed tomography (CT), which identified pancreatitis. Further magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography …

Promoting Professional Identity, Motivation, And Persistence: Benefits Of An Informal Mentoring Program For Female Undergraduate Students, Paul R. Hernandez, Brittany Bloodhart, Rebecca T. Barnes, Amanda S. Adams, Sandra M. Clinton, Ilana Pollack, Elaine Godfrey, Melissa Burt, Emily V. Fisher

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Women are underrepresented in a number of science, technology, engineering, and mathe- matics (STEM) disciplines. Limited diversity in the development of the STEM workforce has negative implications for scientific innovation, creativity, and social relevance. The current study reports the first-year results of the PROmoting Geoscience Research, Education, and SuccesS (PROGRESS) program, a novel theory-driven informal mentoring program aimed at supporting first- and second-year female STEM majors. Using a prospective, longitudinal, multi-site (i.e., 7 universities in Colorado/Wyoming Front Range & Carolinas), propensity score matched design, we compare mentoring and persistence outcomes for women in and out of PROGRESS (N = 116). …

A Neural Signature Encoding Decisions Under Perceptual Ambiguity, Sai Sun, Rongjun Yu, Shuo Wang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

People often make perceptual decisions with ambiguous information, but it remains unclear whether the brain has a common neural substrate that encodes various forms of perceptual ambiguity. Here, we used three types of perceptually ambiguous stimuli as well as task instructions to examine the neural basis for both stimulus-driven and task-driven perceptual ambiguity. We identified a neural signature, the late positive potential (LPP), that encoded a general form of stimulus-driven perceptual ambiguity. In addition to stimulus-driven ambiguity, the LPP was also modulated by ambiguity in task instructions. To further specify the functional role of the LPP and elucidate the relationship …

Functional Role Of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 In The Regulation Of Melanogenesis And Epidermal Structure, Changsheng Dong, Shanshan Yang, Ruiwen Fan, Kaiyuan Ji, Junzhen Zhang, Xuexian Liu, Shuaipeng Hu, Jianshan Xie, Yu Liu, Wenjun Gao, Haidong Wang, Jianbo Yao, George W. Smith, Muren Herrid

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The mammalian integumentary system plays important roles in body homeostasis, and dysfunction of melanogenesis or epidermal development may lead to a variety of skin diseases, including melanoma. Skin pigmentation in humans and coat color in fleece-producing animals are regulated by many genes. Among them, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and paired-box 3 (PAX3) are at the top of the cascade and regulate activities of many important melanogenic enzymes. Here, we report for the first time that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is an essential regulator of MITF and PAX3. Cdk5 knockdown in mice causes a lightened coat …

Monocyte-Lymphocyte Cross-Communication Via Soluble Cd163 Directly Links Innate Immune System Activation And Adaptive Immune System Suppression Following Ischemic Stroke, Grant C. O'Connell, Connie S. Tennant, Noelle Lucke-Wold, Yasser Kabbani, Abdul R. Tarabishy, Paul D. Chantler, Taura L. Barr

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

CD163 is a scavenger receptor expressed on innate immune cell populations which can be shed from the plasma membrane via the metalloprotease ADAM17 to generate a soluble peptide with lympho-inhibitory properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate CD163 as a possible effector of stroke-induced adaptive immune system suppression. Liquid biopsies were collected from ischemic stroke patients (n = 39), neurologically asymptomatic controls (n = 20), and stroke mimics (n = 20) within 24 hours of symptom onset. Peripheral blood ADAM17 activity and soluble CD163 levels were elevated in stroke patients relative to non-stroke control groups, and negatively associated …

Middle And Elementary School Students’ Changes In Self-Determined Motivation In A Basketball Unit Taught Using The Tactical Games Model, Stephen Harvey, Alexander Gil-Arias, Megan L. Smith, Lindsey R. Smith

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Studies examining student motivation levels suggest that this is a significant factor in students’ engagement in physical education and may be positively affected when teachers employ alternative pedagogical models such as game-centered approaches (GCAs). The aim of this study was to investigate changes in self-determined motivation of students as they participated in a GCA-basketball unit taught using the Tactical Games Model (TGM). Participants were 173 students (84 girls), 79 middle school (45 girls) and 94 (39 girls) elementary school students from four seventh and five fourth/fifth grade co-educational classes. Two teachers taught 32 (middle) and 33 (elementary) level one TGM …

Gravitational And Dynamic Components Of Muscle Torque Underlie Tonic And Phasic Muscle Activity During Goal-Directed Reaching, Erirnne V. Olesh, Bradley S. Pollard, Valeriya Gritsenko

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Human reaching movements require complex muscle activations to produce the forces necessary to move the limb in a controlled manner. How gravity and the complex kinetic properties of the limb contribute to the generation of the muscle activation pattern by the central nervous system (CNS) is a long-standing and controversial question in neuroscience. To tackle this issue, muscle activity is often subdivided into static and phasic components. The former corresponds to posture maintenance and transitions between postures. The latter corresponds to active movement production and the compensation for the kinetic properties of the limb. In the present study, we improved …