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Development And Assessment Of A Standard Dissolution Methodology For Protein-Based Injectable Suspensions., Sunil Prabhu Jan 1996

Development And Assessment Of A Standard Dissolution Methodology For Protein-Based Injectable Suspensions., Sunil Prabhu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To date, no standard dissolution methodology is recognized in the official compendia for protein-based injectable suspensions. Development of a sensitive dissolution method would have utility as an in vitro quality control tool and an indicator of associated in vivo product performance. Using the spin-filter as the dissolution device of choice, the objective of these studies was to develop a standard dissolution methodology for protein-based suspensions. Secondarily, the objective was to elucidate the steps which critically influence ion-complexed protein dissolution, and assess the magnitude of their effect. In Phase I of dissolution methodology development, studies of the device hydrodynamics concluded that …

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Analysis Of Regulatory Regions Within The First Intron Of The Estrogen-Inducible Chicken Very Low Density Apolipoprotein Ii Gene., Franklin David Shuler Jan 1996

Analysis Of Regulatory Regions Within The First Intron Of The Estrogen-Inducible Chicken Very Low Density Apolipoprotein Ii Gene., Franklin David Shuler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

During periods of egg laying in the chicken, when circulating levels of estrogen are increased, the liver-specific estrogen-dependent very low density apolipoprotein II (apoVLDL II) gene is expressed. Transcription is accompanied by estrogen-dependent, liver-specific changes in the chromatin conformation within and surrounding the gene. One of the regions that changes in conformation is in the promoter where the estrogen receptor along with multiple liver-specific and ubiquitous transcription factors interact in a cooperative manner to assemble a functional transcriptional initiation complex. However, the apoVLDL II gene is expressed at higher levels when the first intron is added to the promoter. Since …

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The Interrelation Of Gypsy Culture And School Culture: An Ethnography Study Of Interactions., Marina Izquierdo Carter Jan 1996

The Interrelation Of Gypsy Culture And School Culture: An Ethnography Study Of Interactions., Marina Izquierdo Carter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of this study were to gain an understanding of the Gypsy culture and to discover the relationship, within the school domain, between the Gypsy children and the non-Gypsy teachers. The study was conducted in Malaga, Spain and lasted two and a half months. The research design for this study was qualitative. Data for this ethnographic research were gathered using three strategies: (1) participant observations, (2) interviews, (3) collecting school magazines. Three models of analysis for collected data were used: Domain analysis, Cultural Themes analysis, and Code Analysis. The Gypsy participants were part of the population of the Gypsy …

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Inactivation Of Raf-1 By A Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase Stimulated By Gtp And Reconstituted By G Subunits, Paul Dent, Dean B. Reardon, Steven L. Wood, Margaret A. Lindorfer, Stephen G. Graber, James C. Garrison, David L. Brautigan, Thomas W. Sturgill Jan 1996

Inactivation Of Raf-1 By A Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase Stimulated By Gtp And Reconstituted By G Subunits, Paul Dent, Dean B. Reardon, Steven L. Wood, Margaret A. Lindorfer, Stephen G. Graber, James C. Garrison, David L. Brautigan, Thomas W. Sturgill

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Follicular Development And Fertility In Beef Cows., Nasim Ahmad Jan 1996

Follicular Development And Fertility In Beef Cows., Nasim Ahmad

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of patterns of follicular development on fertility in beef cows. In Experiment 1, effects of persistent follicles (PF) on recovery of embryos, fertilization, and embryonic development were examined. PF cows (n = 20) received a low dose of progesterone, intravagianally on Days 4-13 after pretreatment estrus (Day 0) and two injections of 20 mg prostaglandin (PG) F{dollar}\\sb{lcub}2\\alpha{rcub}{dollar}, on Day 6. Cows with growing follicle (GF; n = 22) received only PGF{dollar}\\sb{lcub}2\\alpha{rcub}{dollar} on Day 6. Follicular development was monitored by ultrasonography. Mean estradiol-17{dollar}\\beta{dollar} (E{dollar}\\sb2{dollar}) in plasma during six days before estrus was higher …

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Pictorial Graphic Organizers, Navigation, And Hypermedia: Converging Constructivist And Cognitive Theories., Cheryl Ann Krawchuk Jan 1996

Pictorial Graphic Organizers, Navigation, And Hypermedia: Converging Constructivist And Cognitive Theories., Cheryl Ann Krawchuk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined differences in cognitive structure, content knowledge, navigational difficulties, and personal interviews between organizer and non-organizer students in a hypermedia environment. This information was used to ascertain the feasibility of using the pictorial graphic organizer as a tool to help alleviate navigational difficulties in a learner-controlled hypermedia environment without imposing structure on the student. Sixty-nine students from an undergraduate course completed a computer questionnaire as well as a pre content knowledge test and a Pathfinder network. They were then exposed to a hypermedia program with the organizer group using a program that contained a pictorial graphic organizer and …

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Examining Template Switching During Retroviral Reverse Transcription., Ella Harvey Bowman Jan 1996

Examining Template Switching During Retroviral Reverse Transcription., Ella Harvey Bowman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Currently, the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic is world-wide and threatens the entire human population. The causative agent of AIDS is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a retrovirus. The HIV viral population exhibits tremendous variation, making the development of vaccines difficult and anti-viral drug therapy ineffective due to the emergence of drug-resistant HIV strains. The main goal of this dissertation is to better understand how retroviral variation is generated to ultimately aid the development of effective anti-retroviral therapies and vaccines. The experiments described throughout this dissertation incorporate the use of simple retrovirus model systems to study template switching events during …

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Studies Of Renal And Biliary Clearance In Severe Kidney Dysfunction: Development Of A Rat Model Mimicking The Pharmacokinetics Of Ceftriaxone In Man., Qinying Zhao Jan 1996

Studies Of Renal And Biliary Clearance In Severe Kidney Dysfunction: Development Of A Rat Model Mimicking The Pharmacokinetics Of Ceftriaxone In Man., Qinying Zhao

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ceftriaxone (CRO) is a third generation cephalosporin with a long half-life. The majority of patients with severe renal failure have slightly increased half-lives but a small subset of patients exhibit strikingly prolonged half-lives. The reduced ability of this minority of patients to eliminate CRO by biliary excretion will result in excessive drug accumulation. Therefore, the series of studies included in this dissertation were proposed to develop a renal failure model in rats, to examined the pharmacokinetics of CRO in this animal model, and to explore the biliary excretion mechanisms of CRO. Rats pretreated with uranyl nitrate exhibited a dramatic increase …

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Response Time, Process Accuracy And Sequence Accuracy Of Individuals With Specific Learning Disabilities Responding To Auditory And Visual Stimuli., Elizabeth Ann Zicha Jan 1996

Response Time, Process Accuracy And Sequence Accuracy Of Individuals With Specific Learning Disabilities Responding To Auditory And Visual Stimuli., Elizabeth Ann Zicha

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research was to determine whether specific learning disabled students would respond more quickly, accurately, and in the correct sequence to visual and auditory stimuli according to their predetermined modality preference within the context of the gymnasium and using motor skills. Male and female SLD college students (N = 58) were the participants for the study. Students attending Muskingum College were divided into four groups according to their modality preference toward auditory instruction or visual instruction. Modality preference was determined by the Incomplete Word and Visual Closure subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability. One of …

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Isoforms Of Sodium,Potassium-Atpase In Rat Erythroblastic Cells., Chun-Shia Chang Jan 1996

Isoforms Of Sodium,Potassium-Atpase In Rat Erythroblastic Cells., Chun-Shia Chang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The sodium pump activity declines rapidly after denucleation of erythroblastic cells. To investigate whether this decrease in the rat erythroblastic cells is due to changes in isoforms of the {dollar}\\alpha{dollar} and {dollar}\\beta{dollar} subunits of the Na,K-ATPase during maturation, techniques of cryoultramicrotomy and immunoelectron microscopy with protein-A-gold were used. Specific antisera against various isoforms of the {dollar}\\alpha{dollar} and {dollar}\\beta{dollar} subunits of rat Na,K-ATPase were used to label the bone marrow and red blood cells of rats. Three types of cells of the erythroid series at different stages of maturation were studied: erythroblasts, reticulocytes and mature red blood cells. It was found …

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Characterization Of Pulmonary Obstruction, Airway Inflammation, And Hyperreactivity In Relation To Pulmonary Dendritic Cells In A Guinea-Pig Model Of Asthma., Tracey Elaine Lawrence Jan 1996

Characterization Of Pulmonary Obstruction, Airway Inflammation, And Hyperreactivity In Relation To Pulmonary Dendritic Cells In A Guinea-Pig Model Of Asthma., Tracey Elaine Lawrence

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction and nonspecific airway hyperreactivity. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation is a critical feature in the pathogenesis of asthma. Central to the genesis of inflammation is the presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes. Dendritic cells (DC) are antigen presenting cells that activate T lymphocytes thought to play a critical role in stimulating antigen-induced airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in asthma. Even though the guinea pig is commonly used as an animal model of asthma, the role of pulmonary DC in the pathogenesis of asthma has not been investigated. Therefore, this study …

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A Study Of The Relationships Among Teacher Inservice Training, Geographic Residence, Student Knowledge Acquisition, And Student Marine Experiences In The Evaluation Of A Marine Science Curriculum., Malcolm Keith Mcewen Jan 1996

A Study Of The Relationships Among Teacher Inservice Training, Geographic Residence, Student Knowledge Acquisition, And Student Marine Experiences In The Evaluation Of A Marine Science Curriculum., Malcolm Keith Mcewen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Man and the Gulf of Mexico (MGM) was a federally-funded curriculum development project which produced a four-volume set of marine science curriculum materials for use by junior high and secondary school students in Alabama and Mississippi. Individual titles in the series are Marine and Estuarine Ecology, Marine Habitats, Diversity of Marine Animals, and Diversity of Marine Plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of these materials by investigating the possible relationships among MGM-based inservice teacher training, geographic residence of students, marine science knowledge acquisition by students as measured by the "MGM Unit Achievement Tests", student evaluations …

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Cellular Mechanisms In Vascular Smooth Muscle Contributing To The Development Of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension., Scott William Caveney Jan 1996

Cellular Mechanisms In Vascular Smooth Muscle Contributing To The Development Of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension., Scott William Caveney

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research is to study the cellular mechanisms responsible for the specific supersensitivity to norepinephrine seen in the superior mesenteric vasculature of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats prior to and early in the development of hypertension. It is hypothesized that the vascular smooth muscle of DS rats on a high salt diet for five days or three weeks possess an abnormality at the level of the {dollar}\\alpha\\sb1{dollar}-adrenoceptor or in the transduction process activated after adrenoceptor occupation. The vasoconstrictor response to various agonists was studied in isolated perfused superior mesenteric arterial vasculature from DS rats fed a high salt …

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A Historical Study Of Educational Reform Policy In Morocco., Abdellah Benahnia Jan 1996

A Historical Study Of Educational Reform Policy In Morocco., Abdellah Benahnia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Though information about literacy development in Morocco can be often found in professional publications, little has been done in regard to the impact of the socio-cultural, economic, and political variables on the development of educational policy in that country. This study has historically examined the educational reform policy in the independent Kingdom of Morocco in order to see how the above variables have affected the implementation of most major policies that had taken place. It also examined the role of the indigenous Islamic traditional type of education; the role of Salafiyya movement in creating a unique type of nationalism; and …

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Behaviorological Analysis And Evaluation Of Functional Controls Over Verbal Behavior During Persuasive Argument., Barbara Ann Fallon Jan 1996

Behaviorological Analysis And Evaluation Of Functional Controls Over Verbal Behavior During Persuasive Argument., Barbara Ann Fallon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Both academic and business communities are concerned about how the conduct of argument affects decisions made by small groups. While most parties with experience in argument have intuitive ideas about why argument occurs as it does, empirical evidence is seldom available. This multi-subject single-case investigation identifies relations among kinds of statements made during persuasive argument. Argument was conducted during five separate experimental sessions between different pairs of people. The participants in the study were five native English speaking West Virginia University graduate students. The data sets from each argument allowed comparison of intervention effects within and across experimental sessions. Data …

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Molecular Analyses Of Motility And Chemotaxis Genes And Their Organization In Borrelia Burgdorferi., Yigong Ge Jan 1996

Molecular Analyses Of Motility And Chemotaxis Genes And Their Organization In Borrelia Burgdorferi., Yigong Ge

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Motility and chemotaxis have been considered as important candidates for the study of virulence in many pathogenic spirochetes, including B. burgdorferi. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms of motility and chemotaxis. In this study, we have carried out an extensive search for the motility and chemotaxis genes in B. burgdorferi. The unique technique of "semi-random PCR chromosome walking" was developed and used to clone several large motility and chemotaxis gene clusters. Together with the previously reported flaB and flgE genes, 38 motility and chemotaxis related genes (more than 36 kb) were identified. These genes demonstrated extensive homology with their …

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Analysis Of Chromosomal Aberrations In Mice Chronically Fed Carcinogens., Alison Erika Director Jan 1996

Analysis Of Chromosomal Aberrations In Mice Chronically Fed Carcinogens., Alison Erika Director

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

C57BL/6 female mice were used to analyze the effect on chromosomes of chronic ingestion of a single mutagen. Three known carcinogens were analyzed: 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo (4,5-b) pyridine (PhIP), cyclophosphamide (CP) and urethane (ethyl carbamate, EC). Exposures to PhIP were in powdered rodent chow. The endpoints analyzed were chromosome aberrations as measured by chromosome painting for mouse chromosomes 2 and 8, sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronucleated erythrocytes (MN NCEs). Analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow by chromosome painting was done at 4 weeks and 16 weeks; no significant increases in the frequency of aberrations were seen. A significant increase …

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Silica-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation And Fibrosis: Toxicological Implications And Pharmacological Modulation., Michael Dimatteo Jan 1996

Silica-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation And Fibrosis: Toxicological Implications And Pharmacological Modulation., Michael Dimatteo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Human exposure to silica is of great occupational concern as it is marked by pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. The present work was performed to investigate, characterize, and modulate the responses that occur as a result of silica exposure. The intratracheal instillation of silica to rats results in pulmonary fibrosis but the cellular processes involved in the development of the chronic disease have not been well characterized. The hypothesis of this study was that pharmacological intervention early in the silica-induced inflammatory cascade will attenuate fibrosis development. The acute phase response to silica appears by 2 hours after instillation as evidenced by …

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Partial Isolation Of The Vitellogenin I Gene And The Characterization Of The Regulation For The Egg Yolk Protein Genes., Robert Stephen Edinger Jan 1996

Partial Isolation Of The Vitellogenin I Gene And The Characterization Of The Regulation For The Egg Yolk Protein Genes., Robert Stephen Edinger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The chicken egg yolk protein genes, vitellogenin (VTG) I, II, III, and the very low density apolipoprotein II (apoVLDLII), are highly expressed in hepatic parenchymal cells in an estrogen-dependent manner. Compared to the other egg yolk protein genes which respond in approximately 2-4 hours after the primary administration of estrogen, the VTGI does not respond for about 20 hours. The mechanism of activation of the egg yolk protein genes is not completely known. Of the VTG genes VTGII and III promoter regions have been isolated and characterized, whereas the promoter region of the VTGI gene has yet to be identified. …

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Function Of An Autonomous Replication Sequence (Ars) In Coxiella Burnettii., Michelle Lynn Suhan Jan 1996

Function Of An Autonomous Replication Sequence (Ars) In Coxiella Burnettii., Michelle Lynn Suhan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A 5.8-kb EcoRI chromosomal fragment from Coxiella burnetii functions to initiate plasmid replication in Escherichia coli from a 403-bp minimal autonomous replication sequence (ars) (Chen, 1989). The minimal ars contains motifs found in bacterial origins, including two DnaA boxes, three AT-rich 21-mers, a transcriptional promoter leading rightwards, and potential IHF and FIS binding sites. Database comparisons of deduced amino acid sequences revealed that open reading frames adjacent to ars shared identity to genes often located near bacterial chromosomal origins. These were rpmH, rnpA, 9K, and 60K, in E. coli and Pseudomonas putida. To provide direct evidence for origin function in …

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Selenium Requirement For Oligodendrocyte Differentiation., Jin Gu Jan 1996

Selenium Requirement For Oligodendrocyte Differentiation., Jin Gu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Selenium is a nutritionally essential trace element for mammals, and several studies have suggested that selenium may have an important function in the central nervous system. We hypothesized that selenium may play an important role in the differentiation of myelin producing cells, i.e., oligodendrocytes in developing brain. We employed an in vitro model system of glial cell cultures prepared from newborn rat brains to test this hypothesis. In mixed glial cell cultures, selenium deficiency inhibited developmental upregulation of myelin-specific genes, i.e., proteolipid protein (PLP), basic protein (BP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) as assessed by Northern blot analysis. The effect of …

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Mechanisms Of Absorption And Metabolism Of Peptide Drugs In The Lung., Meenakshi G. Bhat Jan 1996

Mechanisms Of Absorption And Metabolism Of Peptide Drugs In The Lung., Meenakshi G. Bhat

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The pulmonary delivery of peptide drugs involves an understanding of the barriers to absorption which include poor permeability, potential activation of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and enzymatic degradation. The aim of the study is to develop methodologies to study the relative nature of respiratory tract epithelia. The dynamics of its regulation are also studied for examining the feasibility of achieving reversible increases in paracellular permeability. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements coupled with flux studies of C-14 Mannitol were conducted employing isolated epithelial tissue from rabbits for estimation of comparative permeabilities. The dynamics of paracellular permeability was studied employing 0.1 mM cytochalasin …

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Tribute To Judge Sprouse, Francis D. Murnaghan Jr. Sep 1995

Tribute To Judge Sprouse, Francis D. Murnaghan Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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History, Jurisdiction, And The Federal Courts: Changing Contexts, Selective Memories, And Limited Imagination, Judith Resnik Sep 1995

History, Jurisdiction, And The Federal Courts: Changing Contexts, Selective Memories, And Limited Imagination, Judith Resnik

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Assessing Fairness In Workers' Compensation Reform: A Commentary On The 1995 West Virginia Workers' Compensation Legislation, Emily A. Spieler Sep 1995

Assessing Fairness In Workers' Compensation Reform: A Commentary On The 1995 West Virginia Workers' Compensation Legislation, Emily A. Spieler

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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A Tribute To Justice Thomas B. Miller, Ancil G. Ramey Apr 1995

A Tribute To Justice Thomas B. Miller, Ancil G. Ramey

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Philanthropic Partnerships: The Theory Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann Apr 1995

Philanthropic Partnerships: The Theory Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In Anglo-American traditions, the concept of a commons has historically been most frequently attached to shared land in joint use by a village or community. The common theory of voluntary action presents organized collective action as consisting of shared purposes, shared resources and voluntary participation resulting in an evolving sense of mutuality, and moral order, consisting of shared norms of fairness and participation.

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Afap-120 A Variant Form Of The Src Sh2/Sh3-Binding Partner Afap-110 Is Detected In Brain And Contains A Novel Internal Sequence Which Binds To A 67-Kda Protein, D C Flynn, T C Koay, C G Humphries, A C Guappone Jan 1995

Afap-120 A Variant Form Of The Src Sh2/Sh3-Binding Partner Afap-110 Is Detected In Brain And Contains A Novel Internal Sequence Which Binds To A 67-Kda Protein, D C Flynn, T C Koay, C G Humphries, A C Guappone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Escaping The Tragedy Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann Jan 1995

Escaping The Tragedy Of The Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Is tragedy due to over harvesting an inevitable consequence of the voluntary action of cooperation in a commons? No. Actually, commons theory resolved this question several decades ago. Such common goods are those pursued jointly by pluralities less than the dominant majority controlling the state and its unique ability to define public goods. In an era when the state has proven relatively powerless to define unambiguous public goods and public policy making is largely circumscribed in terms of a competition among interest groups, the state itself has become a major producer of common, rather than genuinely public, goods.

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The Quantification Of Dynamic Parameters That Affect Eccentric Contraction Induced Injury In An In Vivo Rodent Model., Robert Gregory Cutlip Jan 1995

The Quantification Of Dynamic Parameters That Affect Eccentric Contraction Induced Injury In An In Vivo Rodent Model., Robert Gregory Cutlip

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Musculo-skeletal injury is a major occupational concern in the modern workforce. To date, the mechanisms responsible for muscle injury are not clearly understood. The objective of this research was to quantify the effect of dynamic parameters such as strain, strain-rate, number of repetitions, and loading cycles in muscle injury. A computer-controlled rodent dynamometer was designed and fabricated at WVU to facilitate the systematic investigation of eccentric-contraction induced muscle injury. An in vivo rodent model was used to study the effects of velocity and continuous versus intermittent loading on the rat plantarflexor group. The experimental results indicated that injury was independent …

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