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The Synthesis Of Tryptophan Derivatives, 2- And/Or 3-Substituted Indoles, Progress Toward Dilemmaones A-C, And Synthetic Studies Towards Fistulosin Via Palladium-Catalyzed Reductive N-Heteroannulation, Christopher Andrew Dacko Jan 2009

The Synthesis Of Tryptophan Derivatives, 2- And/Or 3-Substituted Indoles, Progress Toward Dilemmaones A-C, And Synthetic Studies Towards Fistulosin Via Palladium-Catalyzed Reductive N-Heteroannulation, Christopher Andrew Dacko

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Palladium-catalyzed carbon monoxide-mediated reductive N-heteroannulation of o-nitrostyrenes has emerged as a very powerful method for constructing the corresponding indole core. The Soderberg variety of this methodology has been utilized to synthesize several asymmetric tryptophan derivatives along with a collection of 2- and/or 3-substituted indoles. The same protocol has also been employed to make synthetic progress toward the construction of the marine indole alkaloids Dilemmaones A-C. Finally, this versatile cyclization was implemented in studies designed to determine the true structure of the compound isolated by Tomita et al. and given the name "fistulosin".

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Choice Between Schedules Of Reinforcement With And Without Response-Pacing Requirements, Leigh Schrimpf Jan 2009

Choice Between Schedules Of Reinforcement With And Without Response-Pacing Requirements, Leigh Schrimpf

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) and differential-reinforcement-of-high-rate (DRH) schedules specify a certain pace of responding eligible for reinforcement. The present study assessed the value of a paced schedule of reinforcement using a concurrent-chains schedule. Pigeon's pecks on the left and right initial-link keys led to one of two terminal-link VI 60-s schedules, programmed on the center key. Completion of a terminal-link schedule always led to access to grain. The value of a terminal-link schedule was measured by the initial-link choice proportions. In the baseline, pecks on either initial-link key produced access to one of two unpaced terminal-link schedules every 60 s, on average. …

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Removal Of Phosphorus/Selenium From Aqueous Solutions By Adsorption Processes, Shilpa Bhojappa Jan 2009

Removal Of Phosphorus/Selenium From Aqueous Solutions By Adsorption Processes, Shilpa Bhojappa

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The present study includes two parts: (1) Acid mine drainage (AMD) sludge, a waste product from coal mine water treatment, was used as an adsorbent to develop a cost-effective treatment approach to phosphorus removal from municipal secondary effluents. (2) Synthesized nano-magnetite was used as an adsorbent to develop an innovative technology for selenium removal from aqueous solutions. Each case involved a series of batch adsorption experiments conducted to evaluate adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and adsorptive thermodynamics. The effects of pH, temperature, concentration, contact time, and competing anions on the concerned pollutant removal were examined as well.;Adsorption of phosphorus onto AMD sludge …

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Steroid Analysis By Ph-Mediated Stacking Mekc, Liliya Bykova Jan 2009

Steroid Analysis By Ph-Mediated Stacking Mekc, Liliya Bykova

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation is based on research that led to the development and application of capillary electrophoresis method for the analysis of sex steroid hormones in the blood or plasma of fish species. The analysis of steroid hormones is essential to reveal chemical compounds that are suspected in endocrine disruption, but it is challenging due to the similarity of the chemical structures of steroids, their low concentrations, and limited volumes of plasma or blood samples in fish available for analysis. There is therefore an acute need to develop reliable accurate and systematic analytical methods applicable for the analysis of structurally similar …

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Ecological Responses Of Streams To Anthropogenic Stressors, And Watershed Cause-Effect Modeling In The Mid-Atlantic Highlands Region Of The United States, Yushun Chen Jan 2009

Ecological Responses Of Streams To Anthropogenic Stressors, And Watershed Cause-Effect Modeling In The Mid-Atlantic Highlands Region Of The United States, Yushun Chen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Urban sprawl and related habitat disturbance and acidic deposition are major anthropogenic stressors in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands region of the United States. Little information is available about the impacts of these stressors and cause-effect relationships between these watershed stressors and stream biotic/abiotic conditions in this region. A 10-year study (1997-2006) in the Lost River watershed and a 6-year study (2002-2007) in a South Branch Potomac River watershed were conducted to assess the impacts of Corridor H highway construction on stream biotic and abiotic conditions. Also, a three-decade study (1980-2006) using data from 5 wet deposition stations and 21 major stream …

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Novel Methods For Producing Cellulose Nanocrystals From Lignocellulosic Materials And Cellulose Nanocrystals Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites, Paul Busumafi Filson Jan 2009

Novel Methods For Producing Cellulose Nanocrystals From Lignocellulosic Materials And Cellulose Nanocrystals Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites, Paul Busumafi Filson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cellulose nanocrystals (nanofibers) represent a new emerging biological source of reinforcing biofillers. In this dissertation, we report the results of a study to produce cellulose nanocrystals from recycled pulp, hardwood and pine dissolving pulps using maleic acid, ultrasonic-assisted (sono-chemical treatment) and enzyme-mediated hydrolysis followed by fragmentation of cellulose crystallites using ultrasonic treatment. Additionally, the effect of two modes of heating: conventional and microwave, on enzyme-mediated and maleic acid hydrolysis were investigated. Cellulose nanocrystals yields from maleic acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials were lower than that obtained from endoglucanase mediated hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. Sonochemical treatment of lignocellulosic materials produced both …

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State-Wide Fish Tissue Contaminants Survey And Effects Of Feeding Type, Season And Gender On Fish Tissue Contamination Levels, Kenneth L. Stewart Jan 2009

State-Wide Fish Tissue Contaminants Survey And Effects Of Feeding Type, Season And Gender On Fish Tissue Contamination Levels, Kenneth L. Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Fish tissue fillets from benthic, predator, and mixed diet species were collected from 24 different watersheds in West Virginia. Composite samples were prepared from three to six fish fillets collected at each site, and concentrations of the chemical contaminants polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and mercury were determined for each composite sample. Differences in contaminant concentrations among three major categories of feeding type (predator, benthic, and mixed diet) were examined. Differences due to species of fish and among watersheds were also examined. Predators had significantly higher mercury concentrations than benthic or mixed diet feeders and benthic feeding fish had significantly higher PCB …

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Effective Maxillary Protraction: Hyrax Expansion Appliance Vs. Double-Hinged Expansion Appliance, Thuy B. Do-Delatour Jan 2009

Effective Maxillary Protraction: Hyrax Expansion Appliance Vs. Double-Hinged Expansion Appliance, Thuy B. Do-Delatour

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Patients with a skeletal Class III malocclusion may have one of the following conditions: midface deficiency and/or mandibular hypertrophy/prognathism. If modification of the skeletal Class III growth pattern is not effectively accomplished at an early age via maxillary protraction, then orthognathic surgery would be required to help correct the skeletal Class III malocclusion. Some of the more serious risks associated with orthognathic surgery include parasthesia, bone and tissue necrosis, and possibly death. However, if one is able to effectively protract the maxilla, the need for anterior-posterior correction of the maxilla via orthognathic surgery will be minimized if not eliminated.;The purpose …

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The Effects Of Aquaculture Production Noise On The Growth, Hearing, Disease Resistance, And Survival Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Methods For Minimizing Noise In Fiberglass Aquaculture Tanks, John W. Davidson Iii Jan 2009

The Effects Of Aquaculture Production Noise On The Growth, Hearing, Disease Resistance, And Survival Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Methods For Minimizing Noise In Fiberglass Aquaculture Tanks, John W. Davidson Iii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Intensive aquaculture systems, particularly recirculating systems, often require noise producing equipment such as pumps, blowers, and filters that inadvertently increase sound levels within the culture environment. These systems are often very effective at culturing healthy, fast growing fish; however, the potential impacts of underwater noise on fish within intensive aquaculture systems have not been evaluated. Limited research suggests that subjecting fish to noise could result in impairment of the auditory system, reduced growth rates, and increased stress. The studies presented within this manuscript were conducted to gain a better understanding of aquaculture production noise and its potential impacts on rainbow …

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Detection And Determination Of Degradation And Metabolic Products Of Drugs Of Abuse And Explosives, Melissa Gayton Ely Jan 2009

Detection And Determination Of Degradation And Metabolic Products Of Drugs Of Abuse And Explosives, Melissa Gayton Ely

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Among the different means of decomposition, thermal, environmental, and metabolic degradation play a significant role in how forensic related compounds are analyzed. In the first stage of this research, cocaine and methamphetamine were pyrolyzed utilizing a pyroprobe to detect reported products of pyrolytic/thermal degradation and smoked markers. This simple and rapid method has laid the groundwork for future smoked drug analyses. In the second stage of research, a new focus was developed on detection of explosives in soil from detonated UXO at the West Virginia Maneuver Area. TNT, RDX, HMX, tetryl, and TNT environmental degradation products were analyzed using a …

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In Mid -Stream: A Qualitative Case Study Of A Young Deaf Woman - Becoming 'Leigh', Ann Darby Getty Jan 2009

In Mid -Stream: A Qualitative Case Study Of A Young Deaf Woman - Becoming 'Leigh', Ann Darby Getty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this longitudinal case study was to closely examine one deaf child's lived experience. The research was designed to examine linguistic development, academic experience, and personal and social conditions through the use of multiple interviews with a 'hearing' mother and her deaf daughter. Their perspectives have been shared as well as that of the narrator/inquirer.;The study begins when 'Leigh' was identified as having a profound, bilateral hearing loss at the age of 12 months, and continues to date with her current status as a twenty year old, college sophomore. The raw texts analyzed include: interview excerpts, results of …

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The Role Of Nadph Oxidase In Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction Following Stroke In Aged Rats, Kimberly Kelly Jan 2009

The Role Of Nadph Oxidase In Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction Following Stroke In Aged Rats, Kimberly Kelly

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Stroke is the leading cause of long-term adult disability and the third leading cause of death in the United States. More that 72% of stroke victims are over the age of 65, yet most studies utilize young animals. Aged rats suffer exacerbated stroke volume and inflammation, as well as worsened functional outcome when compared to young adult rats. While the blood brain barrier (BBB) remains intact with age, it becomes more susceptible to external factors. BBB permeability in the penumbra appears acutely, 20 min after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in aged rats. Importantly, BBB permeability is earlier and more …

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The Fate Of Salmonella Tennessee And Salmonella Typhimurium In Peanut Butter Subjected To Electron Beam Irradiation, Andrea Lynn Hvizdzak Jan 2009

The Fate Of Salmonella Tennessee And Salmonella Typhimurium In Peanut Butter Subjected To Electron Beam Irradiation, Andrea Lynn Hvizdzak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Peanut butter and peanut paste products were implicated as the vehicle of contamination in an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium that began in September 2008 and in the November 2006 outbreak of Salmonella Tennessee; therefore based on the apparent need for intervention measure, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-thermal electron beam irradiation for reduction of Salmonella serovars Tennessee (ATCC 10722) and Typhimurium (ATCC 14028) in creamy peanut butter. Each strain was studied independently. Peanut butter samples were inoculated with approximately 7.0 log CFU/g of Salmonella and exposed to e-beam doses ranging from 0--3.1 kGy. Doses …

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A Spatial Optimization Approach To Watershed Water Quality Management: A Case Of The Opequon Watershed, Wilbert Karigomba Jan 2009

A Spatial Optimization Approach To Watershed Water Quality Management: A Case Of The Opequon Watershed, Wilbert Karigomba

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Opequon Creek watershed is located in northern VA and the eastern panhandle of WV. Currently, the main creeks in the watershed do not meet VA or WV state water quality standards for recreational uses and aquatic life. In both states, the creeks are listed as impaired due to high levels of nutrients, bacteria, benthic and biologic impairment. The Opequon Creek is part of the upper Potomac River watershed, and ultimately impacts water quality in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. The main aim of this study was to develop a methodology that can be used to reduce nutrient loadings entering the …

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Novel Techniques For Tissue Imaging And Characterization Using Biomedical Ultrasound, Ahmed M.Ehab Mahmoud Jan 2009

Novel Techniques For Tissue Imaging And Characterization Using Biomedical Ultrasound, Ahmed M.Ehab Mahmoud

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The use of ultrasound technology in the biomedical field has been widely increased in recent decades. Ultrasound modalities are considered more safe and cost effective than others that use ionizing radiation. Moreover, the use of high-frequency ultrasound provides means of high-resolution and precise tissue assessment. Consequently, ultrasound elastic waves have been widely used to develop non-invasive techniques for tissue assessment. In this work, ultrasound waves have been used to develop non-invasive techniques for tissue imaging and characterization in three different applications.;Currently, there is a lack of imaging modalities to accurately predict minute structures and defects in the jawbone. In particular, …

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Investigating Distribution And Treatments For Effective Mechanical And Herbicide Application For Controlling Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb.) Vines In An Appalachian Hardwood Forest, Amanda L. Lynch Jan 2009

Investigating Distribution And Treatments For Effective Mechanical And Herbicide Application For Controlling Oriental Bittersweet (Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb.) Vines In An Appalachian Hardwood Forest, Amanda L. Lynch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This document discusses two exotic-invasive plant species related research studies that were conducted in an Appalachian hardwood forest in north central West Virginia. The first study characterizes the distribution of oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.) in a timber harvested area in north central West Virginia. Canopy profiles were used to create a visual picture of distribution of C. orbiculatus vines from the forest edge transition to the interior of the forest. In the second study, the efficacy of herbicides triclopyr and glyphosate were tested using basal bark, cut-stump, mechanical cut, and deer fencing to control C. orbiculatus.

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An Empirical Analysis Of The Interactions Between Environmental Regulations And Economic Growth, Chali Nondo Jan 2009

An Empirical Analysis Of The Interactions Between Environmental Regulations And Economic Growth, Chali Nondo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines the relationship between environmental regulations and economic growth in the Appalachian Region. The study employs county attainment status data as a proxy for environmental regulations and allows the cross-sectional variation of the attainment variable. Cognizant of the fact that air pollution emanates from a variety of sources, the study assumes that per capita income, population, employment, and environmental regulations are jointly determined, which is the major distinction from previous studies which have assumed a unidirectional relationship between environmental regulations and economic growth.;Using endogenous growth theory, a theoretical model is developed that highlights the role of environmental regulations …

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Abnormal Ecg Search In Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recordings From An Animal Model Of Heart Failure, Pisut Raphisak Jan 2009

Abnormal Ecg Search In Long-Term Electrocardiographic Recordings From An Animal Model Of Heart Failure, Pisut Raphisak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Five million Americans suffer from heart failure. Advances in portable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring systems and large data storage space allow the ECG to be recorded continuously for long periods. Long-term monitoring could potentially lead to better diagnosis and treatment if the progression of heart failure could be followed. The challenge is to analyze the sheer mass of data. Manual analysis using the classical methods is impossible. In this dissertation, a framework for analysis of long-term ECG recording and methods for searching an abnormal ECG are presented.;The …

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The Changing Illinois Indians Under European Influence: The Split Between The Kaskaskia And Peoria, Gerald A. Rogers Jan 2009

The Changing Illinois Indians Under European Influence: The Split Between The Kaskaskia And Peoria, Gerald A. Rogers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Illinois Indians are generally studied as a prominent group in the Illinois Country that continually became more dependent after increased European Influence. This study looked at the split within the Illinois Indians, particularly between the Kaskaskia and Peoria. The fracturing of the Illinois Indians was a prominent point in the decline of the group. Under European influence, many Kaskaskia became Christians and moved their village closer to the French. Alternatively, the Peoria challenged the Christian religion and remained in the Lake Peoria region. By using primary and secondary literature on the topic, the split between the Kaskaskia and Peoria …

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The Effect Of A Flaxseed-Oil Enhanced Diet On The Shelf Life And Sensory Characteristics Of Farmed Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis), Courtney Anne Simmons Jan 2009

The Effect Of A Flaxseed-Oil Enhanced Diet On The Shelf Life And Sensory Characteristics Of Farmed Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis), Courtney Anne Simmons

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The effect of dietary modification with flaxseed-oil (Flax) enhanced feed on the sensory characteristics and shelf life of brook trout fillets was examined. The diets were composed of a commercial feed supplemented with either fish oil (control diet, CD) or Flax (treatment diet).

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The Roles Of The Phosducin Family Proteins In The Regulation Of Heterotrimeric G Proteins In Vertebrate Photoreceptors, Hongman Song Jan 2009

The Roles Of The Phosducin Family Proteins In The Regulation Of Heterotrimeric G Proteins In Vertebrate Photoreceptors, Hongman Song

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Phosducin (Pdc) and phosducin-like protein 1 (PhLP1) are homologous proteins of the phosducin gene family that specifically interact with heterotrimeric G proteins. Both Pdc and PhLP1 are expressed in photoreceptors, sensory neurons of the retina responsible for acquisition of visual information; however their functions in these cells remains enigmatic. Photoreceptors maintain remarkably high and tightly controlled levels of the heterotrimeric G protein, transducin, utilized by these cells for visual signal transduction. Our central hypothesis was that Pdc and PhLP1 are engaged in the maintenance of transducin homeostasis in the photoreceptors.;To test this hypothesis, we have studied phosphorylation of Pdc, which …

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Synovium-Derived Stem Cell-Based Meniscal Reconstruction On Small Intestinal Submucosa, Yunbing Tan Jan 2009

Synovium-Derived Stem Cell-Based Meniscal Reconstruction On Small Intestinal Submucosa, Yunbing Tan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was aimed at investigating the feasibility of co-culturing meniscus cells and synovium-derived stem cells on small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in order to establish an innovative method and further to optimize the culture conditions for engineering in vitro meniscus constructs. First, two groups of individual cells and a co-culture group were mixed with fibrin gel and seeded onto SIS discs, then incubated in a serum-free defined medium for one month. Electron and fluorescent microscopy were utilized to evaluate cell attachment and migration. Through histology, biochemical quantification, real time PCR, and compressive modulus, the co-culture group showed greater cell viability …

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Examining The Protective Effects Of Sesamol On Oxidative Stress Associated Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Reyna Vangilder Jan 2009

Examining The Protective Effects Of Sesamol On Oxidative Stress Associated Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Reyna Vangilder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many studies point to vascular dysfunction as an underlying cause for the increased incidence of cognitive dysfunction and risk for development of Alzheimer's disease during diabetes. Vascular dysfunction is not an uncommon occurrence in patients with diabetes and microvascular dysfunction commonly leads to clinical complications such as blindness, peripheral neuropathy, and kidney failure. Microangiopathies of the retina, kidney, and peripheral nerves have been well-characterized; however, the effects of diabetes on blood-brain barrier (BBB) function have been understudied.;Pathophysiological changes defining microvascular dysfunction include basement membrane thickening, cytoskeleton rearrangement, and increased paracellular leakage. Increased paracellular leakage of the BBB suggests a functional …

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Functional Analysis Of Arabidopsis Cold Shock Domain Proteins, Yongil Yang Jan 2009

Functional Analysis Of Arabidopsis Cold Shock Domain Proteins, Yongil Yang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To understand the function of cold shock domain proteins in planta, I analyzed AtCSP3 (At2g17870), which is one of four A&barbelow;rabidopsis t&barbelow;haliana c&barbelow;old s&barbelow;hock domain p&barbelow;roteins (AtCSPs). Taq-Man probe quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed that AtCSP3 transcripts were expressed dominantly in reproductive and meristematic tissues. The homozygous loss of function mutant atcsp3 displays a distinct phenotype with an overall reduced sized of seedlings, small sized orbicular rosette leaves, and curled leaf blades. Microscopic visualization of cleared leaves revealed a reduction in size and increased circular shape of palisade mesophyll cells in atcsp3 leaves. Image analysis of palisade cell layers indicated …

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Identification Of Chicken Repeat 1 (Cr1) Elements In Forensically Important Carrion Fly Species And Characterization Of One Such Element Within Sarcophaga Bullata, Michelle Lee Thompson Jan 2009

Identification Of Chicken Repeat 1 (Cr1) Elements In Forensically Important Carrion Fly Species And Characterization Of One Such Element Within Sarcophaga Bullata, Michelle Lee Thompson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Retrotransposons including CR1 (Chicken Repeat 1) elements mobilize in a genome in a way that makes them useful for phylogenetic analysis and species identification. This study was designed to identify lineages of CR1 elements in the genomes of forensically important carrion fly species and to further characterize the one element, Sarcophaga bullata CR1B, though genome walk techniques.;Using conserved oligonucleotide primers, CR1 fragments from several carrion fly taxa were amplified, cloned and sequenced, and the recovered sequences were analyzed to identify different lineages of elements. A variety of retrotransposon families were recovered that exhibit similarity to known retrotransposon families from other …

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Characterization Of Cold Shock Domain Proteins And Sumoylation System From Oryza Sativa, Vijaya Vardhana Reddy Chaikam Jan 2009

Characterization Of Cold Shock Domain Proteins And Sumoylation System From Oryza Sativa, Vijaya Vardhana Reddy Chaikam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the first part of this study, two novel c&barbelow;old s&barbelow;hock domain p&barbelow;roteins from rice (OsCSP) were cloned and subsequently characterized their roles during stress conditions and development. OsCSP1 and OsCSP2 ( Oryza sativa CSD protein) encode putative proteins consisting of an N-terminal CSD and glycine-rich regions that are interspersed by 4 and 2 CX2CX4HX4C (CCHC) retroviral-like zinc fingers, respectively. Using an in vitro DNA binding assay, I demonstrate that OsCSPs exhibit conserved ssDNA binding activity. In vivo functional complementation in a cold-sensitive bacterial strain, that lacks four cold inducible cold shock domain proteins revealed that OsCSPs function as RNA …

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Cellular Mechanisms Responsible For Development Of Sensitivity Of The Bovine Corpus Luteum To Prostaglandin F2 Alpha, Madhusudan P. Goravanahally Jan 2009

Cellular Mechanisms Responsible For Development Of Sensitivity Of The Bovine Corpus Luteum To Prostaglandin F2 Alpha, Madhusudan P. Goravanahally

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2alpha) brings about regression of the bovine corpus luteum (CL). This luteolytic property of PGF 2alpha is used in beef and dairy cattle to synchronize estrus. A limitation of this protocol is an insensitivity of the early CL to luteolytic actions of PGF2alpha. The mechanisms underlying this differential luteal sensitivity are poorly understood. Therefore the main objective of the current study is to understand the cellular mechanism of luteal insensitivity. The developing CL has a maximum number of PGF2alpha receptors; therefore differences in signaling events might be responsible for luteal insensitivity. Hence differential gene expression at two …

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Prenatal Cadmium Exposure Dysregulates Sonic Hedgehog And Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling In The Thymus Resulting In Immunomodulatory Effects, Miranda Leah Hanson Jan 2009

Prenatal Cadmium Exposure Dysregulates Sonic Hedgehog And Wnt/Beta-Catenin Signaling In The Thymus Resulting In Immunomodulatory Effects, Miranda Leah Hanson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cadmium (Cd) is both an environmental pollutant as well as a component of cigarette smoke. Recent data suggests increased cancer risks and increased mortality in environmentally exposed populations. Although evidence demonstrates that adult exposure to Cd causes changes in the immune system, there are limited reports in the literature of immunomodulatory effects of prenatal exposure to Cd. The sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Wnt/ss-catenin pathways are required for thymocyte maturation. Several studies have demonstrated that Cd exposure affects these pathways in different organ systems. Our experiments were designed to investigate the effect of prenatal Cd exposure on thymocyte development, and to …

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Microbial Survival After Isoelectric Solubilization And Precipitation Of Fish Protein, Lancya Lansdowne Jan 2009

Microbial Survival After Isoelectric Solubilization And Precipitation Of Fish Protein, Lancya Lansdowne

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Protein wasted by the disposal of fish processing byproducts may be recovered using isoelectric solubilization and precipitation. The protein is dissolved by extreme pH shifts and recovered via precipitation and centrifugation. Microbial safety throughout this process had not yet been evaluated; therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if Listeria innocua and Escherichia coli would survive extreme pH shifts during the protein recovery process. Fresh rainbow trout were headed, gutted, and minced and then inoculated with 109 CFU/g E. coli ATCC 25922 or filleted and minced and then inoculated with 109 cfu/g of L. innocua. The fish was …

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Musical, Cultural, And Performance Structures In The Organ Works Of Arvo Part., Marguerite Bostonia Jan 2009

Musical, Cultural, And Performance Structures In The Organ Works Of Arvo Part., Marguerite Bostonia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the variety of cultural, social, and religious influences on the tintinnabuli composition style of Estonian Arvo Part. In particular, the acoustical properties of Russian bells and their inspiration for a unique compositional style are reviewed in depth. The niche held by Russian bells in the Russian Orthodox Church, along with the melodic formulae specific to Orthodox chant are also addressed as a potential field of analytical comparison. Part’s claim of connections to sacred music and early music necessitated a review of chant repertoire of both eastern and western Christianity in the evolution …

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