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Development Of Innovative Wastewater Treatment Technologies For Acid Mine Drainage And Municipal Wastewater Management In Energy Producing Regions, Dongyang Deng Jan 2017

Development Of Innovative Wastewater Treatment Technologies For Acid Mine Drainage And Municipal Wastewater Management In Energy Producing Regions, Dongyang Deng

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Acid mine drainage (AMD) and municipal wastewater (MWW) are two major pollution sources in headwaters of Appalachia and energy producing regions worldwide. Incorporating the prevalent chemistry of the two wastes in designing treatment technologies for concurrent management of the wastes can provide multi-faceted benefits. First, alkalinity in MWW can raise the pH of AMD upon mixing, and promote chemical precipitation of metal hydroxides and carbonates. Second, low solubility of phosphate with multivalent metals (e.g., Fe and Al) can be an effective mechanism for recovering phosphate from MWW. Third, sulfate ions from AMD can serve as an electron acceptor for oxidation …

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The Piccolo In The 21st Century: History, Construction, And Modern Pedagogical Resources, Keith D. Hanlon Jan 2017

The Piccolo In The 21st Century: History, Construction, And Modern Pedagogical Resources, Keith D. Hanlon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The piccolo and the flute have the same origin and share similar historical developments; however, they require different approaches to attain high levels of proficiency. The flute benefits from a well-documented history of construction, a lineage of pedagogy, and a vast repertoire while the piccolo has not shared the same prestige. Initially utilized as military instrument and seen as an auxiliary instrument by many, the piccolo has become an integral part of the modern orchestra. Unfortunately, the piccolo did not receive the same pedagogical attention as the flute until more recently. With the limited availability of piccolo teachers and reliable …

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Corticospinal Excitability During Locomotion In Humans, Lisa Kogan Jan 2017

Corticospinal Excitability During Locomotion In Humans, Lisa Kogan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The coordination between signals from cortical structures and spinal segmental pathways responsible for the control of locomotion remains a contentious issue in human motor control. The signals are known to be integrated, but the nature of these neural calculations is unknown. To understand these interactions in humans, noninvasive cortical stimulation techniques can be combined with detailed analyses of muscle activity patterns in locomotor tasks.;In this study, I tested the relationship between corticospinal inputs and the forward velocity of each limb. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to elicit motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in 12 healthy human volunteers during locomotion on …

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Comprehensive Analyses Of Mirna And Dna Methylation In 17beta-Estradiol Exposed Juvenile Rainbow Trout Skeletal Muscle, Prasanthi P. Koganti Jan 2017

Comprehensive Analyses Of Mirna And Dna Methylation In 17beta-Estradiol Exposed Juvenile Rainbow Trout Skeletal Muscle, Prasanthi P. Koganti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reproductive development in female teleosts like rainbow trout starts with release of the sex steroid estrogen, necessary for synthesis of the egg yolk protein vitellogenin. Increase in estrogen secretion during these reproductive phases results in increased energy demands. Skeletal muscle serves as an immediate endogenous source to address energy demands during vitellogenesis and spawning due to which it undergoes rapid degradation resulting in water accumulation, poor fillet and low egg quality. An imbalance in protein turnover is observed not only because of rapid increase in degradative pathways but also due to decreased protein synthesis. These changes in protein metabolism in …

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The Effects Of Attribute Non-Attendance, Simple Validation Questions, And Their Interactions On Willingness To Pay Estimates For Meat Choice Experiments, Elizabeth S. Beth, Nicole J O Widmar, Jacob E. Ricker-Gilbert Jan 2017

The Effects Of Attribute Non-Attendance, Simple Validation Questions, And Their Interactions On Willingness To Pay Estimates For Meat Choice Experiments, Elizabeth S. Beth, Nicole J O Widmar, Jacob E. Ricker-Gilbert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

During an online survey, respondents were randomly assigned to a choice experiment for either pork chops or chicken breasts and were then explicitly asked which attributes they did not consider while making their choices. A simple validation question, which directed respondents to choose a specific answer, was also included. Accounting for either stated or inferred attribute non-attendance alone had no statistically significant effect on willingness-to-Pay (WTP) estimates. Those who passed the validation question had statistically significant and higher WTP for some attributes of pork chops and chicken breasts when the variable was interacted with inferred or stated attribute non-attendance (ANA). …

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Incorporating Basic And Applied Approaches To Evaluate The Effects Of Invasive Asian Carp On Native Fishes: A Necessary First Step For Integrated Pest Management, Quinton E. Phelps, Sara J. Tripp, Kyle R. Bales, Daniel James, Robert A. Hrabik, David P. Herzog Jan 2017

Incorporating Basic And Applied Approaches To Evaluate The Effects Of Invasive Asian Carp On Native Fishes: A Necessary First Step For Integrated Pest Management, Quinton E. Phelps, Sara J. Tripp, Kyle R. Bales, Daniel James, Robert A. Hrabik, David P. Herzog

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Numerous studies throughout North America allege deleterious associations among invasive Asian Carp and native fishes; however, no empirical evidence on a system-wide scale exists. We used Mississippi River Basin fish community data collected by the Long Term Resource Monitoring program and the Missouri Department of Conservation to evaluate possible interaction between Asian Carp and native fishes. Results from two decades of long-term monitoring throughout much of the Mississippi River suggest that Silver Carp relative abundance has increased while relative abundance (Bigmouth Buffalo [F 3, 8240 = 6.44, P0.05). To this end, this study provides evidence that Silver Carp are likely …

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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Inflammation In The Central Nervous System, Neil T. Sprenkle, Savannah G. Sims, Cristina L. Sánchez, Gordon P. Meares Jan 2017

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress And Inflammation In The Central Nervous System, Neil T. Sprenkle, Savannah G. Sims, Cristina L. Sánchez, Gordon P. Meares

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Persistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is thought to drive the pathology of many chronic disorders due to its potential to elicit aberrant inflammatory signaling and facilitate cell death. In neurodegenerative diseases, the accumulation of misfolded proteins and concomitant induction of ER stress in neurons contributes to neuronal dysfunction. In addition, ER stress responses induced in the surrounding neuroglia may promote disease progression by coordinating damaging inflammatory responses, which help fuel a neurotoxic milieu. Nevertheless, there still remains a gap in knowledge regarding the cell-specific mechanisms by which ER stress mediates neuroinflammation. In this review, we will discuss recently uncovered inflammatory …

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Exempt Wells And Agriculture, Jesse Richardson, Iris Aloi Jan 2017

Exempt Wells And Agriculture, Jesse Richardson, Iris Aloi

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Effect Of Chronic Stress On Running Wheel Activity In Mice, Evan Devallance, Dale Riggs, Barbara Jackson, Travis Parkulo, Stanley Zaslau, Paul D. Chantler, I Mark Olfert, Randy W. Bryner Jan 2017

Effect Of Chronic Stress On Running Wheel Activity In Mice, Evan Devallance, Dale Riggs, Barbara Jackson, Travis Parkulo, Stanley Zaslau, Paul D. Chantler, I Mark Olfert, Randy W. Bryner

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Acute and chronic stress have been reported to have differing effects on physical activity in rodents, but no study has examined a chronic stress protocol that incorporates stressors often experienced by rodents throughout a day. To examine this, the effects of the Unpredict- able Chronic Mild Stress (UCMS) protocol on voluntary running wheel activity at multiple time points, and/or in response to acute removal of chronic stress was determined. Twenty male Balb/c mice were given access and accustomed to running wheels for 4 weeks, after which they were randomized into 2 groups; exercise (EX, n = 10) and exercise with …

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The Effects Of Environment, Feed Form And Dietary Caloric Density On Broiler Performance; And Effect Of Variable Catp Ratio And Phytase On Growth Performance And Mineral Deposition In Corn-Soy Diets Fed To Straight-Run Broilers, Brian G. Glover Jan 2017

The Effects Of Environment, Feed Form And Dietary Caloric Density On Broiler Performance; And Effect Of Variable Catp Ratio And Phytase On Growth Performance And Mineral Deposition In Corn-Soy Diets Fed To Straight-Run Broilers, Brian G. Glover

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The objective of the first study was to assess the effect of variations of feed form and dietary caloric density on production and immunity parameters in broilers reared on clean shavings and built-up litter. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial randomized block design within a split plot. Whole plot treatments considered one room (11 x 7.32m) of either clean shavings or built-up litter; divided into 16 treatment replications of either standard (30%) or improved (80% feed form), and 16 replications of either commercial or increased (+110 kcal/kg) dietary caloric density comprising the 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. …

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Leakage Evaluation Of Three Endodontic Sealers Used In A Single-Cone Technique: A Study Using Bioluminescent Bacteria, Sean M. Horan Jan 2017

Leakage Evaluation Of Three Endodontic Sealers Used In A Single-Cone Technique: A Study Using Bioluminescent Bacteria, Sean M. Horan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction.;After proper chemomechanical disinfection and obturation of a root canal system, the next important goal in endodontic therapy is obtaining an adequate coronal seal. If the coronal seal becomes compromised, it is difficult to decide whether the root canal system should be re-treated. This decision should be made based on the ability of the root canal filling to resist bacterial contamination and on the length of time the seal has been compromised.;The root canal system should be filled in three dimensions, typically with a combination of gutta percha and sealer. One obturation method that has seen a revival in recent …

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Effects Of Chronic Electronic Cigarette Use On Glucose Metabolism, Hannah Hoskinson Jan 2017

Effects Of Chronic Electronic Cigarette Use On Glucose Metabolism, Hannah Hoskinson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Traditional cigarette usage has been linked to a number of nefarious metabolic effects, including insulin resistance; however, the effects of electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) are not currently known. Advertised as a safe alternative for traditional tobacco cigarettes, E-cigs still contain some of the same harmful chemicals as tobacco cigarettes. Through this study, we hope to gain perspective on whether e-cigs play into the development of altered glucose homeostasis. C57BL/6 mice were divided between E-cig (n=15) and control (n=15) groups and exposed to either cappuccino flavored E-cig vapor or filtered air for 4 h/d, 5 d/wk for 8 months. Fasting blood glucose …

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The Role Of Somatostatin In The Regulation Of Gonadotropin Secretion In Sheep, Richard B. Mccosh Jan 2017

The Role Of Somatostatin In The Regulation Of Gonadotropin Secretion In Sheep, Richard B. Mccosh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Two modes of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion are necessary for female fertility: surge and episodic secretion. However, the neural systems that regulate these GnRH secretion patterns are still under investigation. The neuropeptide somatostatin (SST) inhibits episodic luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in humans and sheep, and several lines of evidence suggest SST may regulate secretion during the LH surge. Neither a SST receptor 2 (SSTR2) agonist (octreotide) or antagonist (CYN154806; CYN) altered the amplitude or timing of the LH surge. Administration of CYN to intact ewes during either the breeding season or anestrus increased LH secretion and …

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Effects Of Chronic Electronic Vapor Exposure On Body Weight, Appetite, And Metabolism, Matthew J. Breit Jan 2017

Effects Of Chronic Electronic Vapor Exposure On Body Weight, Appetite, And Metabolism, Matthew J. Breit

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cigarette smokers weigh less than non-smokers and gain weight upon smoking cessation. Electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) have been used as a smoking cessation tool among many, however, their effects on metabolism, appetite, and energy balance are virtually unknown. This study compares the effects of chronic E-cig vapor exposure on body mass, food intake, metabolism, and body composition in mice. We hypothesized that E-cig exposure would elicit similar changes on body mass, body composition, food intake, and metabolic and appetite-regulating markers as conventional cigarettes (i.e. 3R4F reference cigarette). Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to filtered room air (n=15), mainstream smoke from 3R4F …

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Visualizing The Impacts Of Extreme Weather Events Using 3d Visualization To Aid Pre-Event Risk Communication, Thomas L. Brown Jan 2017

Visualizing The Impacts Of Extreme Weather Events Using 3d Visualization To Aid Pre-Event Risk Communication, Thomas L. Brown

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Weather is everywhere. Rapidly expanding capabilities in information technology present an opportunity to develop better warning products for extreme weather events. In the wake of recent extreme events from Superstorm Sandy to Hurricane Matthew, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the National Weather Service have repeated the call for improving techniques for disseminating critical information to the general public during potential weather disasters. This research uses 3D GIS and geovisualization to improve the communication of expert risk information to the general public.

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Conservation Concerns For The Candy Darter (Etheostoma Osburni) With Implications Related To Hybridization, Isaac Gibson Jan 2017

Conservation Concerns For The Candy Darter (Etheostoma Osburni) With Implications Related To Hybridization, Isaac Gibson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Candy Darters Etheostoma osburni and Variegate Darters E. variatum are both native to streams of West Virginia and Virginia. The geographic ranges of these two species were historically separated by Kanawha Falls, a natural barrier to fish dispersal located at Glen Ferris, WV. Habitat degradation may have reduced the geographic range of Candy Darters, a species of concern in West Virginia and Virginia as well as a federal species of concern. Currently, the species is undergoing a review for listing under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. In the early 1980s, Variegate Darters or putative hybrids were first collected at locations …

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Current Issues Of Highbush Blueberry Producers With Pick-Your-Own Operations In The Northeastern United States, Brian T. Gould Jan 2017

Current Issues Of Highbush Blueberry Producers With Pick-Your-Own Operations In The Northeastern United States, Brian T. Gould

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The main purpose of this descriptive study was to identify current issues faced by Northeastern pick-your-own highbush blueberry producers. The study found that average northeastern pick-your-own highbush blueberry producers had been in business 25.99 years and maintained from 0.25 to 45 acres of blueberries. Targeted issues included insects, disease, weeds, wildlife management, and marketing. Top issues identified by highbush blueberry producers were: Japanese beetles, mummy berry, and birds, as well as blueberry maggot, witches broom, weed management, labor/labor costs, weather, government regulation, and spotted wing drosophila. It was found that a majority of the producers did not plan to expand …

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A Comparison Of Open Ended And Closed Curricula And The Effect Of Each On Creativity Cultivation In The Elementary Art Classroom, Emily Drennon Jan 2017

A Comparison Of Open Ended And Closed Curricula And The Effect Of Each On Creativity Cultivation In The Elementary Art Classroom, Emily Drennon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study compares the various curricula in place within art education classrooms in West Virginia. During the pivotal stage of development and height of creativity, children at the elementary level possess great creative abilities and innovative thinking. Thus, this study takes an in-depth look at the effect these curricula have on student creativity. Primarily, what effect does an open-ended curriculum have on the creativity of elementary art students? In this pilot study, both a closed curriculum, and open-ended curriculum-based lesson were exercised on a small group of first and second grade students in order to compare the visual, innovative, and …

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Thrombospondin-1 And Cd47 Mediate Peripheral Microvascular Dysfunction Following Pulmonary Exposure To Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, W. Kyle Mandler Jan 2017

Thrombospondin-1 And Cd47 Mediate Peripheral Microvascular Dysfunction Following Pulmonary Exposure To Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, W. Kyle Mandler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pulmonary exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) has been shown to disrupt endothelium-dependent arteriolar dilation in the peripheral microcirculation. The molecular mechanisms behind these arteriolar disruptions have yet to be fully elucidated. The secreted matricellular matrix protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is capable of moderating arteriolar vasodilation by inhibiting NO signaling at several points, including the inhibition soluble guanylate cyclase activity and eNOS activation. The central hypothesis was that TSP-1, following pulmonary exposure to MWCNT, mediates peripheral changes in dilatory capacity. To test this hypothesis, wild-type C57B6J (WT), TSP-1 knockout (TSP-1 KO) and CD47 knockout (CD47 KO) mice were exposed via lung …

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Wildlife In An Anthropogenically-Driven World: How Humans Have Shaped The Distribution, Genetic Composition, And Gene Expression Of North American Forest Hawks (Genus: Accipiter), Meghan K. Jensen Jan 2017

Wildlife In An Anthropogenically-Driven World: How Humans Have Shaped The Distribution, Genetic Composition, And Gene Expression Of North American Forest Hawks (Genus: Accipiter), Meghan K. Jensen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Humans are causing drastic environmental change on a global scale and this trend strongly influences the evolution of species. It is also becoming clear that tolerances to anthropogenic disturbance varies widely among organisms. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which wildlife cope with humans is a pressing question in modern ecology. North America's forest raptors (Genus: Accipiter) are a useful model for investigating the effects of humans on wildlife species. All three Accipiter species experienced historic demographic declines as a result of anthropogenic activities, yet each species has rebounded differently since these declines. One species in particular is now exploiting urban …

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Influence Of Sex And Blood Collection Method On Innate Immune Response Following Lipopolysaccharide Administration In Sheep, Hoda Nikpour Jan 2017

Influence Of Sex And Blood Collection Method On Innate Immune Response Following Lipopolysaccharide Administration In Sheep, Hoda Nikpour

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Wethers and ewes were used to study the effect of catheter or repeated venipuncture on circulating cortisol and leukocyte concentrations and physical behaviors following administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacteria cell wall component. Animals were injected with LPS or saline, as a control, to induce an innate immune system response. In addition, blood leukocytes and cortisol levels were studied to determine the effect of sex on immunological and stress responses. Thirty-eight mature Dorset and Suffolk wethers and ewes were assigned into one of four treatment groups: 1.) no-catheter + LPS treated ewes (n=5) and wethers (n=4) that were restrainted …

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The Effects Of Signaled Reinforcer Duration On Preference, Anthony C. Oliver Jan 2017

The Effects Of Signaled Reinforcer Duration On Preference, Anthony C. Oliver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

It has been suggested that reinforcers of different durations can be made more discriminable by pairing specific stimulus conditions with different durations (Bonem & Crossman, 1988). The purpose of the current experiment was to assess the effects of signaling reinforcer duration prior to reinforcer onset on initial-link responding under a concurrent-chains schedule of reinforcement. Initial-link responding was assessed across two sets of reinforcer durations (2- vs. 6-s hopper access and 6- vs. 10-s hopper access) and conditions in which terminal-link stimuli were the same (e.g., both red) and different (e.g., white, blue, or yellow). Preference was defined as the key …

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A Study In Songs: Comparative Analyses Of 20th Century Settings Of William Blake's "Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience": Selections From Vaughan Williams's "Ten Blake Songs", Britten's "Songs And Proverbs Of William Blake", And Rochberg's "Blake Songs: For Soprano And Chamber Ensemble", Jennifer Berkebile Jan 2017

A Study In Songs: Comparative Analyses Of 20th Century Settings Of William Blake's "Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience": Selections From Vaughan Williams's "Ten Blake Songs", Britten's "Songs And Proverbs Of William Blake", And Rochberg's "Blake Songs: For Soprano And Chamber Ensemble", Jennifer Berkebile

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The eighteenth-century poet, William Blake, is well-known today for his illuminated books, where a unique technique of relief etching allowed him to integrate text and illustration on a single printed copper plate, and his esoteric prophetic volumes. However, Blake's work went largely unrecognized during his lifetime and musical settings of Blake's poetry, in particular, are predominantly a twentieth and twenty-first century occurrence. With their distinctive styling and complicated interpretation, Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience: Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul have provided material for many song settings over the course of the twentieth century and make …

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Biochemical Characterization Of The Release Of Fak Autoinhibition, Jessica E. Hall Jan 2017

Biochemical Characterization Of The Release Of Fak Autoinhibition, Jessica E. Hall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Focal adhesion kinase is an essential nonreceptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in development, in homeostasis and in the progression of human disease. Multiple stimuli activate FAK, which requires a change in structure from an autoinhibited to activated conformation. In the autoinhibited conformation the FERM domain associates with the catalytic domain of FAK and PI(4,5)P2 binding to the FERM domain plays a role in the release of autoinhibition, activating the enzyme. This work aims to better characterize the residues involved in the release of the autoinhibitory conformation. The first aim was to characterize the effects of point mutations …

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Effect Of Individual Cultural Speeches On Accuracy And Cultural Content Knowledge Of Intermediate Spanish Students, Guadalupe Madrid Jan 2017

Effect Of Individual Cultural Speeches On Accuracy And Cultural Content Knowledge Of Intermediate Spanish Students, Guadalupe Madrid

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This quantitative study completed at an American university in Spring 2014 in intermediate Spanish classes measured if two individual cultural speeches (ICS tasks) had an effect not only on second language (L2) students' accuracy in Spanish during the oral presentation, but also their cultural content knowledge when answering the culture section of the final exam. The ICS task was presented in Spanish, orally without reading, so that students had the opportunity to speak Spanish and share cultural content knowledge with their classmates. The ICS task design was supported by The Robinson Cognition Hypothesis (2007), Ellis (2009) and Skehan and Foster's …

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Salmonid Response To Habitat Restoration In A High-Elevation West Virginia Watershed, Cory T. Trego Jan 2017

Salmonid Response To Habitat Restoration In A High-Elevation West Virginia Watershed, Cory T. Trego

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis have experienced significant population declines throughout much of their native range, largely due to habitat loss. Increasing effort has been put toward restoring and preserving existing brook trout habitat in the face of continued loss under uncertain future conditions (e.g., climate change). We conducted a study designed to analyze both macroscale (i.e. at channel unit level) and microscale (i.e. within individual pools) habitat use in the context of stream restoration by brook trout and two competing nonnative salmonid species: brown trout Salmo trutta and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. First we conducted a before-after-control-impact assessment of a …

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Investigating Stress Response Across Integrated Biological Systems, Alice A. Han Jan 2017

Investigating Stress Response Across Integrated Biological Systems, Alice A. Han

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The impact that a stressor has on a living system, whether it is on a cellular, organ, or even a whole organism level, can affect the overall health of the system. Monitoring the biochemical response resulting from a stressful experience offers insight into the numerous potential outcomes ranging on the spectrum of survival and death. Accessing this information not only provides a heightened understanding of the biochemical adaptions that occur, but also allows for the development of prediction models (to assess prospective influences of the stressor) or potential therapeutic treatments (to alleviate adverse effects) using measurable, quantifiable, and comparable metrics. …

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Efficacy Of Nutritional Interventions To Lower Circulating Ceramides In Young Adults: Fruvedomic Pilot Study, Alice T. Matthews, Oluremi A. Famodu, Melissa D. Olfert, Pamela J. Murray, Christopher F. Cuff, Marianne T. Downes, Norman J. Haughey, Sarah E. Colby, Paul D. Chantler, I. Mark Olfert, Joseph W. Mcfadden Jan 2017

Efficacy Of Nutritional Interventions To Lower Circulating Ceramides In Young Adults: Fruvedomic Pilot Study, Alice T. Matthews, Oluremi A. Famodu, Melissa D. Olfert, Pamela J. Murray, Christopher F. Cuff, Marianne T. Downes, Norman J. Haughey, Sarah E. Colby, Paul D. Chantler, I. Mark Olfert, Joseph W. Mcfadden

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The 2010 USDA Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommends a diet largely composed of fruit and vegetables. Consuming a diet high in fruit and vegetables and low in refined carbohydrates and saturated fat may reduce an individual’s risk for type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, low-grade chronic inflammation, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Several recent studies have implicated the bioactive sphingolipid ceramide as an associative and causative biomarker for the development of these conditions. Considering that the intake of fruit and vegetables is frequently inadequate in young adults, we performed a pilot investigation to assess the efficacy of a free-living …

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Analysis Of Transient Hypermorphic Activity Of E(Spl)D During R8 Specification, Adam T. Majot, Ashok P. Bidwai Jan 2017

Analysis Of Transient Hypermorphic Activity Of E(Spl)D During R8 Specification, Adam T. Majot, Ashok P. Bidwai

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Drosophila atonal (ato) is required for the specification of founding R8 photoreceptors during retinal development. ato is regulated via dual eye-specific enhancers; ato-3’ is subject to initial induction whereas 5’-ato facilitates Notch-mediated autoregulation. Notch is further utilized to induce bHLH repressors of the E(spl) locus to restrict Ato from its initial broad expression to individual cells. Although Notch operates in two, distinct phases, it has remained unclear how the two phases maintain independence from one another. The difference in these two phases has attributed to the hypothesized delayed expression of E(spl). However, immunofluorescence data indicate that E(spl) are expressed during …

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Effects Of Starch Concentration On Calcium‐Enhanced Black Bullhead Catfish Protein Gels, Ilgin Paker, Kristen E. Matak Jan 2017

Effects Of Starch Concentration On Calcium‐Enhanced Black Bullhead Catfish Protein Gels, Ilgin Paker, Kristen E. Matak

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Calcium‐enhanced protein recovered from black bullhead catfish was used to develop gels containing increasing amounts of potato starch (0–20 g/kg protein paste) and the effects of starch on functional, textural, and color properties were tested. Energy required to unfold protein groups was greater with the addition of 5 g starch/kg protein paste. Gels containing starch were harder, chewier, and less springy (p < .05) than gels without starch. For most measurements, regression analysis showed that increasing the starch concentration beyond 5 g/kg did not contribute to further significant textural changes. Torsional shear stress and strain along with Kramer shear force increased as the concentration of starch increased (R2 = .79, .79, and .53, respectively). The addition of ≥10 g starch/kg protein paste resulted in darker gels and gels got darker as more starch was added (R2 = .71). Results showed no …

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