Digital Commons Network^™

Opening The Door To Open Access: Successes And Lessons Learned With An Open Access Author Fund Pilot Program, Susan Arnold

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background:

In an effort to respond to faculty requests for assistance and to support open access publishing by West Virginia University authors, the West Virginia University Libraries established a pilot program for an Open Access Author Fund (OAAF) in August 2016. The fund has now been operational through two academic years.

Methods:

WVU Libraries used $30,000 from its operations budget to establish the fund. A webpage was designed by the library web team to outline the criteria and to link to an application form. The primary criteria were that the journals needed to be totally open access, not a hybrid; …

Implementing Pursuit Of Prey Strategies In Autonomous Robots: A Systematic Reconstruction Of Behavior As Found In Tiger Beetles, Sawan Prabhu

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

Vision is a key factor in detecting and pursuing prey in many animals, yet it can be constrained both by intrinsic limitations and the complexity of the visual environment. For example, tiger beetles are visual predators that frequently stop during prey pursuits, possibly because the limitations of their visual systems cause them to lose sight of their target when advancing towards it at high speeds. This problem may be compounded as the visual environment becomes more complex. To test these hypotheses, we used simulations with a video system to model pursuit strategies used by the beetle. We matched the properties …

Vergangenheitsbewältigung And The Danzig Trilogy, Joseph Schaeffer

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

With the end of the Second World War in 1945, Germany was forced to examine and come to terms with its National Socialist era. It was a particularly difficult task. Many Germans, even those who had suspected the National Socialist crimes, were shocked by the true barbarity of the Nazi regime. Günter Grass, who spent 1945 in an American POW camp listening to the Nuremberg Trials, was one of those Germans. How could the Holocaust have arisen from the land of poets and philosophers?

Full Issue, Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

No abstract provided.

Self-Reported Vs. Measured Height, Weight, And Bmi In Young Adults, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Camille M. Charlier, Oluremi A. Famodu, Wenjun Zhou, Anne E. Mathews, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Sarah E. Colby

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Self-reported height and weight, if accurate, provide a simple and economical method to track changes in body weight over time. Literature suggests adults tend to under-report their own weight and that the gap between self-reported weight and actual weight increases with obesity. This study investigates the extent of discrepancy in self-reported height, weight, and subsequent Body Mass Index (BMI) versus actual measurements in young adults. Physically measured and self-reported height and weight were taken from 1562 students. Male students marginally overestimated height, while females were closer to target. Males, on average, closely self-reported weight. Self-reported anthropometrics remained statistically correlated to …

Artificial Light At Night As An Environmental Pollutant: An Integrative Approach Across Taxa, Biological Functions, And Scientific Disciplines, Davide M. Dominoni, Randy J. Nelson

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

With each day, the world is becoming number of people move into urban areas, and consequently these increase in area to consume rural and natural land (Seto, Guneralp, & Hutyra, 2012). Among the numerous changes that accompany urban sprawl, artificial light at night (ALAN) is one of the most immediate and evident (Falchi et al., 2016; Longcore & Rich, 2004). From a variety of anthropogenic sources, artificial light is introduced at times (the night) and in places where it does not naturally occur (Falchi et al., 2016). The characteristics of the introduced light sources are also very different from natural …

Social Influences On Microglial Reactivity And Neuronal Damage After Cardiac Arrest/Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Monica M. Gaudier-Diaz, Adam H. Haines, Ning Zhang, A. Courtney Devries

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Social isolation presents a risk factor and worsens outcome to cerebrovascular diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain underspecified. This study examines the effect of social environment on microglial reactivity after global cerebral ischemia, to test the hypothesis that social isolation leads to greater microglial responses. Adult female and male mice were pair-housed or socially isolated for one week prior to cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) or the sham procedure, and following either 2 or 24 hours of reperfusion, microglia samples were enriched and analyzed for gene expression. At the 2-hour time point, microglia from both females and males exhibited ischemia-induced inflammation, …

Executive (Dys)Function After Traumatic Brain Injury: Special Considerations For Behavioral Pharmacology, Jenny E. Ozga, Jessica M. Povroznik, Elizabeth B. Engler-Chiurazzi, Cole Vonder Haar

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Executive function is an umbrella term that includes cognitive processes such as decision-making, impulse control, attention, behavioral flexibility, and working memory. Each of these processes depends largely upon monoaminergic (dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic) neurotransmission in the frontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, among other brain areas. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces disruptions in monoaminergic signaling along several steps in the neurotransmission process – synthesis, distribution, and breakdown – and in turn, produces long-lasting deficits in several executive function domains. Understanding how TBI alters monoamingeric neurotransmission and executive function will advance basic knowledge of the underlying principles that govern executive function and …

Executive (Dys)Function After Stroke: Special Considerations For Behavioral Pharmacology, Jessica M. Povroznik, Jenny E. Ozga, Cole Vonder Haar, Elizabeth B. Engler-Chiurazzi

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Stroke is a world-wide leading cause of death and long-term disability with concurrent secondary consequences that are largely comprised of mood dysfunction, as well as sensory, motor, and cognitive deficits. This review focuses on the cognitive deficits associated with stroke specific to executive dysfunction (including decision making, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) in humans, non-human primates, and additional animal models. Further, we review some of the cellular and molecular underpinnings of the individual components of executive dysfunction and their neuroanatomical substrates after stroke, with an emphasis on the changes that occur during biogenic monoamine neurotransmission. We concentrate primarily on changes …

Artificial Light At Night Alters Behavior In Laboratory And Wild Animals, Kathryn L. G. Russart, Randy J. Nelson

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Life has evolved to internalize and depend upon the daily and seasonal light cycles to synchronize physiology and behavior with environmental conditions. The nightscape has been vastly changed in response to the use of artificial lighting. Wildlife is now often exposed to direct lighting via streetlights or indirect lighting via sky glow at night. Because many activities rely on daily and seasonal light cues, the effects of artificial light at night could be extensive, but remain largely unknown. Laboratory studies suggest exposure to light at night can alter typical timing of daily locomotor activity and shift the timing of foraging/food …

Correlations Of Self-Reported Androgen Deficiency In Ageing Males (Adam) With Stress And Sleep Among Young Adult Males, Camille M. Charlier, Makenzie L. Barr, Sarah E. Colby, Geoffrey W. Greene, Melissa D. Olfert

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Androgen deficiency in males has traditionally been predominantly limited to older men aged 50+ years. However, little is known of the correlation between hormonal disruption, stress, and sleep in college-aged males. This cross-sectional study investigates lifestyle behavior patterns in young men and a screening for potential androgen deficiency. A survey of 409 male students, as part of a larger USDA-funded GetFruved study, was analyzed for this subproject. Survey instruments used include the Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male Questionnaire (ADAM) to assess for inadequate ADAM scores, the Perceived Stress Scale to measure stress levels and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index …

Wvrhc Newsletter, Fall/Winter 2018, West Virginia & Regional History Center

West Virginia & Regional History Center Newsletters

Illustrated Publishers Binding Designs in the WVU Rare Books Collection

Rational Identification Of A Cdc42 Inhibitor Presents A New Regimen For Long- Term Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization, Wei Liu, Wei Du, Xun Shang, Lei Wang, Chris Evelyn, Maria Carolina Florian, Marnie A. Ryan, Ahmad Rayes, Xueheng Zhao, Kenneth Setchell, Jarek Meller, Fukun Guo, Nicolas Nassar, Hartmut Geiger, Qishen Pang, Yi Zheng

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from bone marrow (BM) to peripheral blood (PB) by cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or the chemical antagonist of CXCR4, AMD3100, is important in the treatment of blood diseases. Due to clinical conditions of each application, there is a need for continued improvement of HSC mobilization regimens. Previous studies have shown that genetic ablation of the Rho GTPase Cdc42 in HSCs results in their mobilization without affecting survival. Here we rationally identified a Cdc42 activity-specific inhibitor (CASIN) that can bind to Cdc42 with submicromolar affinity and competitively interfere with guanine nucleotide exchange activity. CASIN …

A Non-Myeloablative Conditioning Approach For Long-Term Engraftment Of Human And Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Wei Du, Wei Liu, Benjamin Mizukawa, Xun Shang, Jared Sipple, Mark Wunderlich, Hartmut Geiger, Stella Davies, James Mulloy, Qishen Pang, Yi Zheng

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

No abstract provided.

Selective Bladder Denervation For Overactive Bladder (Oab) Syndrome: From Concept To Healing Outcomes Using The Ovine Model, James Fugett Ii, Lynette Phillips, Emily Tobin, Eric Whitbrook, Haydon Bennett, Joshua Shrout, James E. Coad

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Aims: We evaluated a Selective Bladder Denervation (SBD) device, which uses radiofrequency ablation, for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome in terms of its nerve denervation, ablation characteristics, and post-treatment healing. Methods: Using the SBD device, eight fresh extirpated ovine bladder trigones were treated (90°C set point for 60 s) and nitroblue tetrazolium viability stained to characterize the ablation. In addition, 12 trigones were treated in vivo with three adjacent ablations and divided into survival cohorts: Day 7, Day 30, and Day 90 to assess the ablations and their associated healing. Results: The ex vivo single trigone ablations had a …

Predictors Of Preoperative Program Non-Completion In Adolescents Referred For Bariatric Surgery, Cassie Brode, Megan Ratcliff, Jennifer Reiter-Purtill, Sanita Hunsaker, Michael Helmrath, Meg Zeller

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background—Factors contributing to adolescents’ non-completion of bariatric surgery, defined as self-withdrawal during the preoperative phase of care, independent of program or insurance denial, are largely unknown. Recent adolescent and adult bariatric surgery literature indicate that psychological factors and treatment withdrawal play a role; however, for adolescents, additional age-salient (family/caregiver) variables might also influence progression to surgery. Objectives—The present study examined demographic, psychological, and family/caregiver variables as predictors of whether adolescents completed surgery (“completers”) or withdrew from treatment (“non-completers”). Setting—Adolescents were from a bariatric surgery program within a pediatric tertiary care hospital. Methods—A retrospective chart review was conducted of consecutive patients …

Effects Of Light At Night On Laboratory Animals And Research Outcomes, Kathryn M. Emmer, Kathryn L. G. Russart, William H. Walker Ii, Randy J. Nelson, A. Courtney Devries

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Light has substantial influences on the physiology and behavior of most laboratory animals. As such, lighting conditions within animal rooms are potentially significant, and often underappreciated variables within experiments. Disruption of the light/dark cycle, primarily by exposing animals to light at night (LAN), disturbs biological rhythms and has widespread physiological consequences due to mechanisms such as melatonin suppression, sympathetic stimulation, and altered circadian clock gene expression. Thus, attention to the lighting environment of laboratory animals and maintaining consistency of a light/dark cycle is imperative for study reproducibility. Light intensity as well as wavelength, photoperiod, and timing are all important variables. …

Dysregulation Of Metabolic-Associated Pathways In Muscle Of Breast Cancer Patients: Preclinical Evaluation Of Interleukin-15 Targeting Fatigue, Joseph Bohlen, Sarah L. Mclaughlin, Hannah Hazard-Jenkins, Aniello M. Infante, Cortney Montgomery, Mary Davis, Emidio E. Pistilli

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background Breast cancer patients report a perception of increased muscle fatigue, which can persist following surgery and standardized therapies. In a clinical experiment, we tested the hypothesis that pathways regulating skeletal muscle fatigue are down-regulated in skeletal muscle of breast cancer patients and that different muscle gene expression patterns exist between breast tumour subtypes. In a preclinical study, we tested the hypothesis that mammary tumour growth in mice induces skeletal muscle fatigue and that overexpression of the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) can attenuate mammary tumourinduced muscle fatigue. Methods Early stage non-metastatic female breast cancer patients (n = 14) and female non-cancer …

Historical Perspective Of Nephrotoxicity, Gary O. Rankin, Monica A. Valentovic

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

No abstract provided.

Hearing And Orally Mimicking Different Acoustic-Semantic Categories Of Natural Sound Engage Distinct Left Hemisphere Cortical Regions, James W. Lewis, Magenta J. Silberman, Jeremy J. Donai, Chris A. Frum, Julie A. Brefczynski-Lewis

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Oral mimicry is thought to represent an essential process for the neurodevelopment of spoken language systems in infants, the evolution of language in hominins, and a process that could possibly aid recovery in stroke patients. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we previously reported a divergence of auditory cortical pathways mediating perception of specific categories of natural sounds. However, it remained unclear if or how this fundamental sensory organization by the brain might relate to motor output, such as sound mimicry. Here, using fMRI, we revealed a dissociation of activated brain regions preferential for hearing with the intent to imitate …

Dark Matters: Effects Of Light At Night On Metabolism, Randy J. Nelson, Souhad Chbeir

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Life on earth has evolved during the past several billion years under relatively bright days and dark night conditions. The wide-spread adoption of electric lights during the past century exposed animals, both human and non-human, to significant light at night for the first time in their evolutionary history. Endogenous circadian clocks depend on light to entrain to the external daily environment and seasonal rhythms depend on clear nightly melatonin signals to assess time of year. Thus, light at night can derange temporal adaptations. Indeed, disruption of naturally evolved light-dark cycles results in several physiological and behavioural changes with potentially serious …

Preeclampsia And The 20th Century: "Le Siècle Des Lumières", Pierre-Yves Robillard, Gustaaf Dekker, Gérard Chaouat, Philippe Le Bouteiller, Marco Scioscia, Thomas C. Hulsey

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

The authors delineate seven quantum leap forward and, or revolutions having occurred during the 20th century in the understanding of the physiopathology of preeclampsia. First the discovery of the inflatable arm band permitting to measure blood pressure in 1896. Second, the discovery that eclamptic (convulsions), and later “pre”eclamptic (proteinuria) women presented hypertension in 1897 and confirmed in 1903, discovery of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Third, the eight major textbooks published all along the 20th century by delineating risk factors of preeclampsia with the concept of “preeclampsia, disease of primigravidae”. Fourth, the discovery in the 1970’s that human trophoblast implantation …

Challenges Associated With The Use Of Policy To Identify And Manage Risk For Suicide And Interpersonal Violence Among Veterans And Other Americans, Robert M. Bossarte

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

No abstract provided.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery For Arteriovenous Malformations Using A Four- Dimensional Dynamic Volume Computed Tomography Angiography Planning System As An Alternative To Traditional Catheter Angiogram, Christopher P. Cifarelli, John A. Vargo, Todd Tenenholz, Joshua D. Hack, Grenaville Guthrie, Jeffrey S. Carpenter

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Background Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) remains a critical intervention in the long-term management of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). For planning a treatment, identification of the nidus is essential, and it is dependent on high-resolution blood flow imaging, usually in the form of a traditional angiogram. The development of dynamic 320-slice computed tomography (CT) angiography has offered a noninvasive alternative to intra-arterial fluoroscopic imaging, and it is capable of providing equivalent temporal resolution. In this study, we describe the feasibility of using four-dimensional CT angiography (4D-CTA) in GKRS planning for AVM treatment and a comparative analysis with a traditional angiogram. Methods A …

Structure And Properties Of Dota-Chelated Radiopharmaceuticals Within The 225ac Decay Pathway, Artem R. Khabibullin, Aleksandra Karolak, Mikalai M. Budzevich, Mark L. Mclaughlin, David L. Morse, Lilia M. Woods

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

The successful delivery of toxic cargo directly to tumor cells is of primary importance in targeted (α) particle therapy. Complexes of radioactive atoms with the 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelating agent are considered as effective materials for such delivery processes. The DOTA chelator displays high affinity to radioactive metal isotopes and retains this capability after conjugation to tumor targeting moieties. Although the α-decay chains are well defined for many isotopes, the stability of chelations during the decay process and the impact of released energy on their structures remain unknown. The radioactive isotope 225Ac is an α-particle emitter that can be easily …

Video Intervention To Increase Perceived Self-Efficacy For Condom Use In A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Female Adolescents, Julie S. Downs, Amie M. Ashcraft, Pamela J. Murray, Elise D. Berlan, Wändi Bruine De Bruin, Joan Eichner, Baruch Fischhoff, Janie M. Leary, Robert B. Mccall, Elizabeth Miller, Jennifer Salaway, Janell Smith-Jones, Gina S. Sucato

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Study Objective—To assess the effects of the Seventeen Days interactive video on young women’s perceived self-efficacy for using condoms 6 months after being offered the intervention, relative to a control. Design—Multisite randomized controlled trial. Setting—Twenty participating health clinics and county health departments in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Participants—Sexually active female adolescents ages 14 to 19 years. Interventions—Seventeen Days (treatment intervention; sex education) vs Driving Skills for Life (control intervention; driving education). Main Outcome Measures—Perceived self-efficacy for condom use. Results—Participants in the Seventeen Days group reported higher perceived condom acquisition self-efficacy after 6 months than those in the driving group. …

Propranolol Produces Short-Term Facilitation Of Extinction In A Rabbit Model Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Lauren B. Burhans, Carrie A. Smith-Bell, Bernard G. Schreurs

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a learning-based anxiety disorder with significant public health challenges due to difficulties in treating the complex, multiple symptomology. We have developed an animal model of PTSD, based on Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in rabbits, that addresses two key features: conditioned responses (CRs) to cues associated with an aversive event and a form of conditioned hyperarousal referred to as conditioning-specific reflex modification (CRM). We have found previously that unpaired extinction is ideal for reducing both CRs and CRM simultaneously and shows sensitivity to systemic serotonergic and glutamatergic manipulations. The following study aimed to extend our work to …

Mitochondrial Proteome Disruption In The Diabetic Heart Through Targeted Epigenetic Regulation At The Mitochondrial Heat Shock Protein 70 (Mthsp70) Nuclear Locus, Danielle L. Shepherd, Quincy A. Hathaway, Cody E. Nichols, Andrya J. Durr, Mark V. Pinti, Kristen M. Hughes, Amina Kunovac, Seth M. Stine, John M. Hollander

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Greater than 99% of the mitochondrial proteome is nuclear-encoded. The mitochondrion relies on a coordinated multi-complex process for nuclear genome-encoded mitochondrial protein import. Mitochondrial heat shock protein 70 (mtHsp70) is a key component of this process and a central constituent of the protein import motor. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) disrupts mitochondrial proteomic signature which is associated with decreased protein import efficiency. The goal of this study was to manipulate the mitochondrial protein import process through targeted restoration of mtHsp70, in an effort to restore proteomic signature and mitochondrial function in the T2DM heart. A novel line of cardiac-specific mtHsp70 …

Integrated Models Of Care For Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder: How Do We Prevent Hiv And Hcv?, Katherine M. Rich, Joshua Bia, Frederick L. Altice, Judith Feinberg

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Purpose of Review To describe models of integrated and co-located care for opioid use disorder (OUD), hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV. Recent Findings The design and scale-up of multidisciplinary care models that engage, retain, and treat individuals with HIV, HCV, and OUD are critical to preventing continued spread of HIV and HCV. We identified 17 models within primary care (N = 3), HIV specialty care (N = 5), opioid treatment programs (N = 6), transitional clinics (N = 2), and community-based harm reduction programs (N = 1), as well as two emerging models. Summary Key components of such models are …

Forage And Livestock Management After A Flood, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet