Digital Commons Network^™

Preliminary Investigation Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Alzheimer's Disease In Down Syndrome, Dasoo M Yoon, David T Plante, Victoria Fleming, Benjamin Handen, Patrick Lao, Jamie Peven, Bradley Christian, Ozioma Okonkwo, Charles Laymon, Beau Ances, Christy Hom, Brian Helsel, Sigan L Hartley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study provided a preliminary examination of indices of obstructive sleep apsnea (OSA) and sleep disruptions in adults with Down syndrome (DS), and their associations with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and symptomatology. A total of 93 adults with DS (aged 25-61 years) from the Alzheimer Biomarker Consortium-DS completed cognitive assessments, MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) scans (assessing amyloid-beta [Aβ] and tau), and a one-night home sleep study using the WatchPAT-300 device. Study partners also reported on depressive symptoms and diagnoses. Correlational analyses examined relationships between sleep variables, PET biomarkers, and AD symptomatology (cognitive functioning and depressive mood), controlling for …

Thalamic And Visual Network Dysfunction Relates To Tremor Response In Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation, Aimee E Morris, Babatunde Adeyemo, Meghan C Campbell, Abraham Z Snyder, Joel S Perlmutter, Jonathan W Mink, Scott A Norris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder in adults, but its pathogenesis is incompletely understood. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (VIM DBS) provides effective treatment for medically-refractory cases. We aimed to determine how pre-surgical resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in medically-refractory ET relates to VIM DBS clinical response.

METHODS: We analyzed resting-state FC MRI in 21 participants with medically-refractory ET who subsequently underwent VIM DBS and 34 matched controls. We applied rigorous quality assurance to minimize motion artifact. Whole-brain correlation matrices were computed across 300 cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions and compared across groups …

Alternative Approaches For Monitoring And Evaluation Of Lymphatic Filariasis Following Mass Drug Treatment With Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine And Albendazole In East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, Krufinta Bun, Benedict Mode, Melinda Susapu, Joyceline Salo, Catherine Bjerum, Michael Payne, Daniel Tisch, Makoto Sekihara, Emanuele Giorgi, Gary J. Weil, Peter U. Fischer, Leanne Robinson, Moses Laman, Christopher L. King

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: WHO recommends two annual rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine, and albendazole (IDA) for lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination in treatment naïve areas that are not co-endemic for onchocerciasis such as Papua New Guinea (PNG). Whether two rounds of MDA are necessary or sufficient and the optimal sampling strategies and endpoints for stopping MDA remain undefined.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: Two cross-sectional studies were conducted at baseline (N = 49 clusters or villages) and 12 months after mass drug administration (MDA) with IDA (N = 47 villages) to assess lymphatic filariasis (LF) by circulating filarial antigenemia (CFA) and …

Nanobody Screening And Machine Learning Guided Identification Of Cross-Variant Anti-Sars-Cov-2 Neutralizing Heavy-Chain Only Antibodies, Peter R. Mcilroy, Zhuoming Liu, Sean Whelan, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to persist, demonstrating the risks posed by emerging infectious diseases to national security, public health, and the economy. Development of new vaccines and antibodies for emerging viral threats requires substantial resources and time, and traditional development platforms for vaccines and antibodies are often too slow to combat continuously evolving immunological escape variants, reducing their efficacy over time. Previously, we designed a next-generation synthetic humanized nanobody (Nb) phage display library and demonstrated that this library could be used to rapidly identify highly specific and potent neutralizing heavy chain-only antibodies (HCAbs) with prophylactic and …

What Is The Optimal Management Of Metastatic Spine Patients With Intermediate Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores: To Operate Or Not To Operate?, William Chu Kwan, Matthew L Goodwin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: In patients with extradural metastatic spine disease, we sought to systematically review the outcomes and complications of patients with intermediate Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) lesions undergoing radiation therapy, percutaneous interventions, minimally invasive surgeries, or open spinal surgeries.

METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials were queried for studies that reported on SINS intermediate patients who underwent: 1) radiotherapy, 2) percutaneous intervention, 3) minimally invasive, or 4) open surgery. Dates of publication were between 2013-22. Patients …

Proteomic Characterization And Comparison Of The Infective And Adult Life Stage Secretomes From Necator Americanus And Ancylostoma Ceylanicum, Yide Wong, Bruce A. Rosa, Makedonka Mitreva, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

More than 470 million people globally are infected with the hookworms Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Necator americanus, resulting in an annual loss of 2.1 to 4 million disability-adjusted-life-years. Current infection management approaches are limited by modest drug efficacy, the costs associated with frequent mass drug administration campaigns, and the risk of reinfection and burgeoning drug resistance. Subunit vaccines based on proteins excreted and secreted (ES) by hookworms that reduce worm numbers and associated disease burden are a promising management strategy to overcome these limitations. However, studies on the ES proteomes of hookworms have mainly described proteins from the adult life stage …

Liquid Biopsy For Spinal Tumors: On The Frontiers Of Clinical Application, Sze Kiat Tan, Matthew L Goodwin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY DESIGN: Narrative review.

OBJECTIVES: This article aims to provide a narrative review of the current state of research for liquid biopsy in spinal tumors and to discuss the potential application of liquid biopsy in the clinical management of patients with spinal tumors.

METHODS: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases, and the review was limited to articles of English language. All the relevant articles which were identified to be related to liquid biomarker study in spinal tumors, were studied in full text.

RESULTS: Liquid biopsy has revolutionized the field …

Prevention And Management Of Posterior Wound Complications Following Oncologic Spine Surgery: Narrative Review Of Available Evidence And Proposed Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm, Owen P Leary, Matthew L Goodwin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY DESIGN: Narrative Review.

OBJECTIVE: Contextualized by a narrative review of recent literature, we propose a wound complication prevention and management algorithm for spinal oncology patients. We highlight available strategies and motivate future research to identify optimal and individualized wound management for this population.

METHODS: We conducted a search of recent studies (2010-2022) using relevant keywords to identify primary literature in support of current strategies for wound complication prevention and management following spine tumor surgery. When primary literature specific to spine tumor cases was not available, data were extrapolated from studies of other spine surgery populations. Results were compiled into …

Patient Stratification By Genetic Risk In Alzheimer's Disease Is Only Effective In The Presence Of Phenotypic Heterogeneity, Jack Euesden, Muhammad Ali, Chloe Robins, Praveen Surendran, Padhraig Gormley, Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, David Pulford, Carlos Cruchaga

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Case-only designs in longitudinal cohorts are a valuable resource for identifying disease-relevant genes, pathways, and novel targets influencing disease progression. This is particularly relevant in Alzheimer's disease (AD), where longitudinal cohorts measure disease "progression," defined by rate of cognitive decline. Few of the identified drug targets for AD have been clinically tractable, and phenotypic heterogeneity is an obstacle to both clinical research and basic science. In four cohorts (n = 7241), we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and Mendelian randomization (MR) to discover novel targets associated with progression and assess causal relationships. We tested opportunities for patient stratification by deriving …

Overview Of Molecular Prognostication For Common Solid Tumor Histologies - What The Surgeon Should Know, C Rory Goodwin, Matthew L Goodwin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY DESIGN: Narrative Literature review.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a general overview of important molecular markers and targeted therapies for the most common neoplasms (lung, breast, prostate and melanoma) that metastasize to the spine and offer guidance on how to best incorporate them in the clinical setting.

METHODS: A narrative review of the literature was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline databases, as well as the histology-specific National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines to identify relevant articles limited to the English language. Relevant articles were reviewed for commonly described molecular mutations or targeted therapeutics, as well as associated clinical outcomes, and surgery-related …

Aav Gene Therapy For Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: The Embark Phase 3 Randomized Trial, Jerry R Mendell, Craig M Zaidman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, X-linked neuromuscular disease caused by pathogenic variants in the DMD gene that result in the absence of functional dystrophin, beginning at birth and leading to progressive impaired motor function, loss of ambulation and life-threatening cardiorespiratory complications. Delandistrogene moxeparvovec, an adeno-associated rh74-viral vector-based gene therapy, addresses absent functional dystrophin in DMD. Here the phase 3 EMBARK study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of delandistrogene moxeparvovec in patients with DMD. Ambulatory males with DMD, ≥4 years to <8 years of age, were randomized and stratified by age group and North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) score to single-administration intravenous delandistrogene moxeparvovec (1.33 × 10

Cancer-Targeted Pro-Theranostic Bi-Metallic Organo-Coordination Nanoparticles, Hengbo Huang, Lei Fang, Janaka Wansapura, Julie L Prior, Brad Manion, Baogang Xu, Cody Hongsermeier, Nisha Gamadia, Nicole Blasi, Rui Tang, Christopher Egbulefu, Monica Shokeen, James D Quirk, Samuel Achilefu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Endogenous Self-Peptides Guard Immune Privilege Of The Central Nervous System, Min Woo Kim, Wenqing Gao, Cheryl F Lichti, Xingxing Gu, Taitea Dykstra, Jay Cao, Igor Smirnov, Pavle Boskovic, Denis Kleverov, Andrea F M Salvador, Antoine Drieu, Kyungdeok Kim, Susan Blackburn, Clair Crewe, Maxim N Artyomov, Emil R Unanue, Jonathan Kipnis

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Despite the presence of strategically positioned anatomical barriers designed to protect the central nervous system (CNS), it is not entirely isolated from the immune system

Menin Inhibition With Revumenib For Kmt2a-Rearranged Relapsed Or Refractory Acute Leukemia (Augment-101), Ghayas C Issa, John Dipersio, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Revumenib, an oral, small molecule inhibitor of the menin-lysine methyltransferase 2A (KMT2A) interaction, showed promising efficacy and safety in a phase I study of heavily pretreated patients with

METHODS: AUGMENT-101 is a phase I/II, open-label, dose-escalation and expansion study of revumenib conducted across 22 clinical sites in five countries (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04065399). We report results from the phase II, registration-enabling portion. Individuals age ≥30 days with R/R

RESULTS: From October 1, 2021, to July 24, 2023, N = 94 patients (median [range] age, 37 [1.3-75] years) were treated. Grade ≥3 adverse events included febrile neutropenia (37.2%), differentiation syndrome (16.0%), …

Measuring Stigma In Pediatric Oncology: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Three Global Sites, Lara E Counts, Sara M Malone, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Stigma contributes to fear and shame, resulting in delays in care-seeking behavior among individuals with cancer. As a social construct, stigma is affected by language, religion, culture, and local norms. This study explored pediatric cancer stigma at the time of diagnosis across diverse settings through the adaptation of two stigma measures.

METHODS: This study was conducted with adolescents and caregivers of children with osteosarcoma and retinoblastoma at three centers in Jordan, Guatemala, and Zimbabwe. The Stigma-related Social Problems (SSP) and the eight-item Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8) measures were translated into Arabic, Spanish, and Shona and contextually adapted …

Structural Diversity Of Axonemes Across Mammalian Motile Cilia, Miguel Ricardo Leung, Chen Sun, Jianwei Zeng, Jacob R Anderson, Qingwei Niu, Wei Huang, Willem E M Noteborn, Alan Brown, Tzviya Zeev-Ben-Mordehai, Rui Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Reproduction, development and homeostasis depend on motile cilia, whose rhythmic beating is powered by a microtubule-based molecular machine called the axoneme. Although an atomic model of the axoneme is available for the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Abdominal Myosteatosis Measured With Computed Tomography Predicts Poor Outcomes In Patients With Glioblastoma, Farzaneh Rahmani, David H Ballard, Tammie L S Benzinger, Sonika Dahiya, John Evans, Sara Hosseinzadeh Kassani, Cyrus A Raji, Marilyn J Siegel, Joseph E Ippolito, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Alterations in cellular metabolism affect cancer survival and can manifest in metrics of body composition. We investigated the effects of various body composition metrics on survival in patients with glioblastoma (GBM).

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients who had an abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan performed within 1 month of diagnosis of GBM (178 participants, 102 males, 76 females, median age: 62.1 years). Volumetric body composition metrics were derived using automated CT segmentation of adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and aortic calcification from L1 to L5. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were performed separately in males and …

Slc35a2 Gene Product Modulates Paramyxovirus Fusion Events During Infection, Yanling Yang, Yuchen Wang, Danielle E. Campbell, Heng-Wei Lee, Wandy Beatty, Leran Wang, Megan Baldridge, Carolina B. López

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Paramyxoviruses are significant human and animal pathogens that include mumps virus (MuV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the murine parainfluenza virus Sendai (SeV). Despite their importance, few host factors implicated in paramyxovirus infection are known. Using a recombinant SeV expressing destabilized eGFP (rSeVCdseGFP) in a loss-of-function CRISPR screen, we identified the CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST) gene SLC35A1 and the UDP-galactose transporter (UGT) gene SLC35A2 as essential for paramyxovirus infection. As expected, SLC35A1 knockout (KO) cells showed drastic reduction in infections with SeV, NDV and MuV due to the lack of cell surface sialic acids receptors. However, SLC35A2 KO cells revealed …

Enhancing Engagement In Hiv Care Among Adolescents And Young Adults: A Focus On Phone-Based Navigation And Relationship Building To Address Barriers In Hiv Care, Harriet Fridah Adhiambo, Dorothy Imbuka Mangale, Elvin Geng, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Structural, psychological, and clinical barriers to HIV care engagement among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYAH) persist globally despite gains in HIV epidemic control. Phone-based peer navigation may provide critical peer support, increase delivery flexibility, and require fewer resources. Prior studies show that phone-based navigation and automated text messaging interventions improve HIV care engagement, adherence, and retention among AYAH. However, little is known about AYAH experiences utilizing electronic phone-based peer navigation and automated text messaging (E-NAV). We assessed the experiences of AYAH receiving phone-based peer navigation to address barriers to HIV care engagement and viral suppression. We purposefully …

Case Report: Molecular Characterization Of Adult Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor And Review Of The Literature, Miguel A Hernandez-Rovira, Michelle Connor, Robert C Osorio, Emilie Russler-Germain, Robert Schmidt, Gabrielle W Johnson, Julie Silverstein, Sonika Dahiya, Nyssa Fox Farrell, Mia C Weiss, Gregory J Zipfel, Jiayi Huang, Dimitrios Mathios

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are typically aggressive pediatric tumors with a median survival of 11 months. Due to the paucity of cases in adults, the clinical behavior of these pathologies is not well understood. Here we present the case of a 41-year-old female patient with postoperative hyperprogression of a sellar ATRT and provide a detailed description of the molecular composition of this tumor, the protocol used to treat this patient, and the ultimate outcome of this patient.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION: The patient is a 41-year-old woman who presented with headaches and double vision. MRI revealed a sellar/suprasellar …

Case Report: Rosah Syndrome Presents Diagnostic And Therapeutic Challenges, Jenny Shunyakova, Margaret Reynolds, Amal Taylor, Erin G Sieck, James T Walsh, Lynn M Hassman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and headache (ROSAH) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a heterozygous missense mutation in alpha kinase 1 (ALPK1). This series reports the presentation and treatment outcomes of three first-degree relatives with ROSAH syndrome.

METHODS: Retrospective chart review, whole exome sequencing.

RESULTS: A 16-year-old male presented with bilateral optic disc edema, macular edema, retinal degeneration, and vitreous inflammation. His mother and brother had similar clinical features. Whole exome gene sequencing identified a shared heterozygous mutation in the ALPK1 gene c.710C>T, consistent with ROSAH syndrome. Ophthalmic manifestations in this family included …

Sensorimotor Faculties Bias Choice Behavior, Jan Kubanek, Lawrence H Snyder, Richard A Abrams

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Decision-making is a deliberate process that seemingly evolves under our own volition. Yet, research on embodied cognition has demonstrated that higher-order cognitive processes may be influenced, in unexpected ways, by properties of motor and sensory systems. Here we tested whether and how decisions are influenced by handedness and by asymmetries in the auditory system. Right- and left- handed participants performed an auditory decision task. In the task, subjects decided whether they heard more click sounds in the right ear or in the left ear, and pressed a key with either their right or left index finger, according to an instructed …

Defining Knowledge Gaps In Preterm Birth Research: Can Biomarkers Fill The Gaps?, Scott M Williams, Kevin P Rosenblatt, Sandra Reznik, Dawn P Misra, Shajila Siricilla, Nardhy Gomez-Lopez, Brandie D Taylor, Kristina M Adams Waldorf, Ramkumar Menon, Prebic North America 2024

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Preterm birth (PTB) is a syndrome arising from multiple etiologies that manifest as a final common phenotype, delivery before full term. Current knowledge gaps in epidemiologic, basic science, and clinical fields have limited our understanding of this complex pregnancy syndrome. Lack of insight into the cellular and molecular pathways underlying spontaneous PTB (PTB) has thus limited effective clinical management and restricted the investigation of novel treatments or druggable targets. Here, we examine several areas of domain-driven research that may lead to a better understanding of PTB, including infection and inflammation that drive early labor, social factors and their biological consequences …

Molecular Chaperones At The Host-Virus Interface: Heat Shock Protein Roles In Hiv-1 And Emerging Insights For Hiv-2 And Dual Infection, Sabastine Eugene Arthur, Kirk Klogo, Emmanuel Kobina Mensah, Maame Ama Pentsiwa Cudjoe, Adomia Baaba Mensah, Nyamekye Amoabeng Ankrah, Catherine Laaripuoh Omosule, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, George Boateng Kyei

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential molecular chaperones involved in protein folding, cellular stress responses, and homeostasis. Recent studies reveal their critical and dual roles in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) life cycle, both promoting and restricting viral replication, latency, and immune modulation. This review synthesizes current evidence on how key HSP families, HSP70, HSP90, and HSP40, interact with HIV proteins such as Tat, Rev, Nef, and Vpx, affecting viral transcription, protein trafficking, and latency. We also highlight Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) as a direct regulator of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR), facilitating latency reversal via recruitment of …

Upper Limb Motor Recovery In Chronic Stroke-Longitudinal Aggregate Analysis From Control Group Outcomes, Fabien Scalzo, Robert A Coker, Lauren Souders, Leo Petrossian, Kern Bhugra, Lauren Sheehan, Eric C Leuthardt, Alexander R Carter

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: This study examines the effects of regular physical activity on upper extremity motor recovery during the late subacute and chronic phases of stroke.

METHODS: Data were aggregated from 20 studies comprising 368 participants in control groups receiving usual care or general rehabilitation without specialized interventions. To isolate the impact of non-specific physical activity, studies involving robotics or task-specific therapies were excluded.

RESULTS: The primary outcome was the change in Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) motor scale. The pooled effect size for FMA-UE change was small and non-significant (Cohen's

DISCUSSION: These findings provide a quantitative benchmark for expected gains …

Barriers And Facilitators To Implementing A Task-Sharing Mental Health Intervention For Sickle Cell Disease Populations In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Qualitative Analysis Using The Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research (Cfir), John Patena, Leah Elster, Tania Hameed, Sumedha Kulkarni, Alden Yuanhong Lai, Annika C Sweetland, Joyce Gyamfi, Temitope Ojo, Angela Odoms-Young, Charmaine Royal, Emmanuel Peprah

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: People living with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) experience higher rates of common mental disorders (CMD). There is an alarming treatment gap in the provision of adequate mental health services for CMDs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). One solution is the implementation of task-sharing interventions such as the Friendship Bench which utilizes concepts of problem-solving therapy (PST). This investigation uses a qualitative study design to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of implementing a PST-based task-sharing mental health intervention for SCD populations in LMICs using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).

METHODS: Purposive, convenience, and snowball sampling strategies were …

No Evidence Of Mmr Induced Trained Immunity To Prevent Sars Cov2: Results From A Multi-Centre Rct, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe, George Kyei, Erik Dubberke, Linda Yun, Leon Du Toit, Mary Politi, Ben Swan, Anne Deschryver, Sherry Mckinnon, Ananya Gupta, Shabaana Khader, Michael S Avidan, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Measles-containing vaccines (MCV), by training innate immune cells, are hypothesized to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

METHODS: In this international, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned adults, 18 years and older, to receive MCV or saline. The primary outcome was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed symptomatic COVID-19, up to 60 days after intervention. Secondary outcomes were PCR-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 and serologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, up to 150 days after intervention.

RESULTS: Of 3411 randomised participants, the modified intention-to-treat population included 1607 in the MCV and 1545 in the saline group. …

Evaluating And Supporting Leadership, Management, And Mentoring: A Framework For Catalyzing Responsible Research And Healthy Research Environments, Tristan Mcintosh, Alison L Antes

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Those who lead research teams have myriad roles and responsibilities that are pivotal to both producing rigorous and responsible scientific work and creating a supportive research environment that cultivates this work. We begin by presenting a leadership, management, and mentoring (LMM) framework focused on three critical roles researchers must play that have direct impact on the scientific work, the work environment, and research team dynamics: the role of research leader, research manager, and research mentor. Research leadership involves fostering a healthy research culture by building relationships where team members feel respected and supported. Research management involves providing oversight and direction …

The Gut Microbiome And Gastrointestinal Cancers: Mechanisms, Biomarkers And Therapeutic Opportunities, Sarbjeet Kaur Makkar, Kumar S Bishnupuri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remain a leading global cause of cancer-related mortality, significantly impacting public health and healthcare systems worldwide. Emerging evidence underscores the critical role of gut microbiome dysbiosis-characterized by disrupted microbial diversity and function-in GI carcinogenesis. Utilizing recent advancements in multi-omics technologies and sophisticated computational biology, researchers have elucidated distinct microbial signatures associated with colorectal, gastric, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, and esophageal cancers. This review comprehensively analyzes the primary mechanisms through which gut microbes contribute to cancer development and progression, encompassing genotoxicity, chronic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, epigenetic modifications, and immunomodulation. Moreover, we explore innovative microbiome-derived biomarkers for potential clinical applications, including …

Barriers And Facilitators Of Integrating Cervical Cancer Screening Into Routine Hiv Care And Acceptability Of Self-Sampling For Hpv Dna Testing Among People With Hiv: An Exploratory Study In Southern Ghana, Evelyn Yayra Bonney, Emmanuel Frimpong Gyekye, Jonathan Klutse, Dzidzor Aku Attoh, Yeena Abla Tay, Nicholas Ekow Thomford, Mary Amoakoh-Coleman, Kwadwo Ansah Koram, George Boateng Kyei, Collins Stephen Ahorlu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer poses a substantial global health challenge, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income nations. Women living with HIV are disproportionately affected compared to the general population. Our study explored the acceptance and preferences of participants regarding cervical cancer screening procedures during their HIV clinic visits.

METHODS: Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to inform questions, we conducted semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews with 85 people with HIV (PWH), across six southern Ghana sites, to identify factors that could promote or impede the integration of cervical cancer screening into HIV care in Ghana. We also explored the acceptability of …