Digital Commons Network^™

Environmental Sustainability, An Essential Outcome For Implementation Scientists To Improve Health, Virginia Mckay, Emmanuel Tetteh, Nicholas Wong, C Bradley Kramer, Jason Burnham

2020-Current year OA Pubs

While there is evidence of humans' harmful impact on the environment, translating such evidence into changes is challenging. Implementation science can facilitate a shift from a reactive to proactive approach in tackling environmental sustainability. This article aims to spur further discussion among implementation scientists to incorporate environmental sustainability within their research, while also offering concepts relevant to environmental science researchers seeking to apply implementation science principles.

Live Culture-Based Qpcr Screening Of Taq Dna Polymerase Variants For Resistance To Pcr Inhibitors, Milko B Kermekchiev, Zhian Zhang, Wayne M Barnes

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We present a live culture PCR (LC-PCR) workflow that enables direct screening of randomly mutagenized Thermus aquaticus (Taq) and Klentaq1 DNA polymerase libraries without enzyme purification. Intact bacterial cells expressing individual variants serve as both enzyme source and DNA template in real-time PCR, allowing rapid selection for inhibitor resistance in a 96-well format. Screening ~14,000 clones in the presence of potent inhibitors (chocolate, black pepper) yielded two novel variants-Taq C-66 (E818V) and Klentaq1 H101 (K738R)-with superior resistance to diverse PCR inhibitors, including blood, humic acid, and plant extracts, compared to wild-type and previously known resistant mutants. Resistance persisted after purification, …

Enhancing Uterine Contraction Detection Through Novel Ehg Signal Processing: A Pilot Study Leveraging The Relationship Between Slow And Fast Wave Components To Improve Signal Quality And Noise Resilience, Hansong Gao, Zichao Wen, Meng Jiang, Yuan Nan, Yong Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Uterine contractions, driven by complex electrical activities within the uterine smooth muscle cells, play a critical role in labor and delivery. Various techniques, including EHG and EMMI, have been developed to record and image uterine electrical activities. Both EHG and EMMI use a bandpass filter (fast wave 0.34-1Hz) to preserve uterine contraction activities. However, high-frequency signals are usually weak and are prone to multiple sources of noise and artifacts, significantly impacting the accuracy of contraction detection and subsequent analysis of long- and short-distance signaling in the laboring uterus. Existing methods, such as Zero-Crossing-Rate (ZCR) and Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator (TKEO), employ …

Factors Affecting Viral Suppression Or Rebound In People Living With Hiv And Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy In Ghana, Anthony T Boateng, James O Aboagye, Helena Lamptey, Christopher Z-Y Abana, Araba Abaidoo-Myles, Darius N K Quansah, Seth Agyemang, Yaw Awuku-Larbi, Gloria Ansa, Joseph Oliver-Commey, Vincent Ganu, George B Kyei, Peter Puplampu, Evelyn Y Bonney

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Regular viral load (VL) testing for people living with HIV (PLWH) is key to attaining the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Fast-Track 95-95-95 target to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. However, VL testing remains sporadic in routine HIV care in the majority of resource-limited settings, including Ghana, except when provided through research initiatives. In this study, we measured VL among PLWH in Ghana at regular intervals and investigated factors affecting viral suppression (VS) and rebound.

METHODS: We analyzed data from a hospital-based cohort enrolled in our HIV cure research. Participants were recruited from three hospitals in …

Building Capacity For Hiv And Implementation Science Among Students In The United States: The Stimulating Training And Access To Hiv Research Experiences (Star) Program, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, Alexis Engelhart, David Oladele, Bryce Puesta Takenaka, Olufunto A Olusanya, Temitope Ojo, Juliet Iwelunmor, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Expanding HIV research capacity among the global majority (individuals identifying as Black/African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, Multiracial, and Hispanic/Latino) is important. However, achieving national goals to increase the pool of implementation science and HIV early-stage investigators from underrepresented backgrounds remains elusive, largely due to limited investment in training and mentoring these individuals. To address this issue, we launched the Stimulating Training and Access to HIV Research Experiences (STAR) program, a partnership led by Saint Louis University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in collaboration with Georgia State …

New Perspectives On Extracorporeal Life Support: Expert Teams And Precise Selection Of Candidates Are Transforming Pediatric Cancer And Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Care, Caitlin Hurley, Matteo Di Nardo, Matthew Rees, Diego R Hijano, Ahmed Said, Akshay Sharma, Lama Elbahlawan, Melissa R Hines, Jennifer A Mcarthur, Hitesh Sandhu, Saad Ghafoor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Extra Corporeal Life Support (ECLS) for pediatric oncology and stem cell transplant patients over the past two decades has made progress. Substantial improvements in ECLS, Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT), and mechanical ventilation techniques, along with enhanced anticoagulation management and infection control, have contributed to better patient outcomes. Additionally, advancements in HLA matching, donor selection, and the management of chemotherapy and transplant complications have further improved survival rates. The authors propose establishing an expert team and a standardized process to evaluate ECLS candidacy, addressing past controversies and optimizing outcomes for this vulnerable population. The criteria for candidacy have evolved significantly, …

Distinct Gut Microbiome Features Characterize Fasciola Hepatica Infection And Predict Triclabendazole Treatment Outcomes In Peruvian Patients, Giljae Lee, Bruce A Rosa, Martha V Fernandez-Baca, John Martin, Rodrigo A Ore, Pedro Ortiz, Miguel M Cabada, Makedonka Mitreva

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND:

METHODS: In this study, we investigated the relationship between

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Infection was associated with specific microbial taxonomic and functional features, including higher abundance of

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings underscore the impact of helminth infection on gut microbiome and suggest a potential role of gut microbiota in modulating TCBZ efficacy, offering novel insights into

Absence Of T-Box Transcription Factor 21 Limits Neuromuscular Junction Recovery After Nerve Injury In T-Bet-Knockout Mice, Albina Jablonka-Shariff, Curtis Broberg, Alison K Snyder-Warwick

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Terminal Schwann cells (tSCs), at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), play critical roles in the repair of motor axon terminals at muscle, and rebuild neuronal signaling following nerve injury. Knowledge of mediators impacting tSCs post-nerve injury and in disease may guide beneficial therapies to improve motor outcomes. We previously found T-box transcription factor 21 (TBX21/TBET), classically associated with T-helper1 cells and immune cell recruitment, is expressed in tSCs at the mouse NMJ. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of

METHODS: Wildtype (WT) and

RESULTS:

DISCUSSION: Our findings show that the

Stimulating Training And Access To Hiv Research Experiences (Star Program): A Protocol For A Crowdsourced, Project-Based, Implementation Science Training Program Using Mixed-Methods Design, Juliet Iwelunmor, Idia Thurston, Collins Airhihenbuwa, Weiming Tang, Ucheoma Catherine Nwaozuru, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, David Oladele, Bryce Takenaka, Khadijah Ameen, Olufunto A Olusanya, Temitope Ojo, Joseph D Tucker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: HIV is more common among underrepresented minority adolescents and young adults (AYA, 13-24 years old) in the United States. Low uptake of HIV prevention services suggests a missed opportunity for implementing evidence-based interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and sexually transmitted infection testing among this important population. Most research institutions in the United States also have limited opportunities for AYA training, mentorship, and capacity-building activities.

METHODS: The "Stimulating Training and Access to HIV Research Experiences" (STAR) program brings together a highly qualified group of research mentors to achieve three specific aims: (1) identify and recruit underrepresented minority AYA interested …

Developing And Testing Tele-Support Psychotherapy Using Mobile Phones For Depression Among Youth In Kampala District, Uganda: Study Protocol For A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu, Jeremiah Mutinye Kwesiga, John Mark Bwanika, Davis Musinguzi, Caroline Nakanyike, Jane Iya, Sabrina Bakeera Kitaka, Benedict Akimana, Charlotte Hawkins, Patricia Cavazos, Jean B Nachega, Edward J Mills, Musisi Seggane

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: In the post-COVID-19 era, depressive disorders among youth have risen significantly, creating an urgent need for accessible, cost-effective mental health interventions. This study adapts Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. It aims to evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency in addressing mild to moderate depression among youth in central Uganda.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study will use a mixed-methods approach, starting with a qualitative phase to adapt Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. Guided by ecological theories and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), focus group …

Unveiling Sub-Populations In Critical Care Settings: A Real-World Data Approach In Covid-19, Wesley Anderson, Andrew P Michelson, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Disease presentation and progression can vary greatly in heterogeneous diseases, such as COVID-19, with variability in patient outcomes, even within the hospital setting. This variability underscores the need for tailored treatment approaches based on distinct clinical subgroups.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify COVID-19 patient subgroups with unique clinical characteristics using real-world data (RWD) from electronic health records (EHRs) to inform individualized treatment plans.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD)-based agglomerative hierarchical clustering approach was employed to analyze the real-world data, enabling the identification of distinct patient subgroups. Statistical tests evaluated cluster differences, and machine …

The Arch Model: A Neuroevolutionary Framework For Behavioral Execution, Tahir Rahman, Charles F Zorumski, J Reid Meloy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Behavior arises from the convergence of multiple constraints rather than single causes. The ARCH × Φ model formalizes this process as a computational grammar of behavior, in which Archetype (A), Drive (D), and Culture (C) interact multiplicatively, and expression occurs only when a context-sensitive threshold (Φ) is crossed. This scalar-vector framework specifies behavior as probabilistic and testable, supporting hypotheses that can be evaluated across neurobiological, behavioral, and symbolic domains. We define a provisional taxonomy of ten archetypal systems (Systema Behavorum), such as Agonix (competition), Theromata (caregiving), and Sacrifex (self-sacrifice), which serve as structured inputs to the grammar. ARCH × Φ …

Blood Biomarkers As Surrogate Endpoints In Alzheimer's Disease Research, Guogen Shan, Hui Li, Yahui Zhang, Guoqiao Wang, Charles Bernick

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be utilized as surrogate endpoints to accelerate therapeutic development for this condition.

METHODS: We assessed the association between short-term changes in blood biomarkers and long-term declines in cognitive and brain structure volume measures using the ADNI database, with a focus on amyloid-

RESULTS: A trend association was found between changes in the levels of plasma neurofilament light (NfL) at 12 months and changes in the scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 24 months in Aβ-positive mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. For A

CONCLUSION: Increased plasma levels of NfL or p-tau181 …

Dermatology Scheduling Triage Of Transplant Patients And Transplant Candidates To Improve Early Diagnosis And Prevention Of Skin Cancer: International Immunosuppression And Transplant Skin Cancer Collaborative Cxpert Consensus Recommendations, Kelsey E Hirotsu, Basia Michalski-Mcneely, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) have a high risk of developing aggressive skin cancers. However, there are no standardized triage guidelines to assist dermatology clinics with scheduling new patients pre- or post-transplant. Dermatologic care of SOTRs requires multidisciplinary coordination, extensive assessment, tailored counseling, and longitudinal care. Specialized high-risk transplant clinics are designed to address this clinical need but are a limited resource. This triage algorithm aims to provide a practical framework for tertiary care centers or community practice clinics receiving pre- or post-transplant referrals for active concerning growths or routine skin cancer screening exams. In summary, our expert panel recommends …

Advancing Sustainability In Low-Resource Settings: Development And Validation Of A Sustainability Tool For Evidence-Based Interventions And Programs, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Divya S Subramaniam, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Titilola Gbaja-Biamila, Lateef Akeem Blessing, Thembekile Shato, David Oladele, Lisa R Hirschhorn, Enbal Shacham, Hong Xian, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Juliet Iwelunmor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Despite substantial research and growing evidence on effectiveness, the longer-term benefits of proven healthcare interventions and programs have not been fully explored due to challenges sustaining such efforts. Existing sustainability measures developed in high-income countries may not reflect determinants unique to the sustainability of interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including African countries. To address this gap, our study developed a Sustainability Tool to Assess Evidence-Based Interventions and Programs (STEPS), which provides a theory-based measure that can be used to assess multilevel determinants of sustainability from the perspective of frontline health workers, service providers, or implementation practitioners.

METHODS: …

Venous Microtrauma Associated With Pharmacomechanical Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis In A Large Animal Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis Model, Mohamed S Zaghloul, Sophia R Pyeatte, Shahab Hafezi, Usama Ismail, Rodrigo Meade, Batool Arif, Roger Rowe, Luis Sanchez, Mohamed A Zayed

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis (PCDT) is commonly used to treat acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The AngioJet Rheolytic Thrombectomy (ART) device is a widely used option. However, previous serious adverse events led to an FDA black-box warning. Limited large animal studies have assessed ART's efficacy and safety. We investigated the periprocedural outcomes and venous histomorphic impact of ART in a novel large animal acute DVT model.

METHODS: Six adult male Yorkshire pigs (96-113 kilograms) underwent general anesthesia and continuous hemodynamic monitoring. Acute DVT was induced in the infrarenal IVC using occlusive balloons. Three pigs were treated with ART's thrombectomy mode …

Evaluating A Community Academic Partnership To Advance Equity-Focused Cancer Genetic Implementation Research: A Qualitative Analysis Of Partner Perspectives, Ariana Naaseh, Meera Muthukrishnan, Isabel Temosihue, Erin L Linnenbringer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Forming community academic partnerships (CAPs) can increase the applicability, translation, and dissemination of implementation research focused on addressing health inequities within the community setting. We aimed to explore community and academic partners' perspectives on their participation in a novel, multi-disciplinary cancer genetic equity CAP focused on developing a multi-level intervention for breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreas cancers.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with CAP members. Questions addressed partners' motivations for participation in the CAP, feedback about the partnership, and opportunities for future CAPs. All interviews were audio-recorded, de-identified, transcribed, and then coded inductively by 2 analysts to identify relevant …

High-Resolution Single-Cell Rna Sequencing Using Canfam4 Reveals Novel Immune Subsets And Checkpoint Programs In Healthy Dogs, Myung-Chul Kim, Taeeun Gu, Hyeewon Seo, Yewon Moon, Nicholas Borcherding, Ryan Kolb, Yubin Kim, Youngmin Yun, Woo-Jin Song, Chung-Young Lee, Hyun Je Kim, Weizhou Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables high-resolution profiling of immune heterogeneity. Although previous studies have mapped the single-cell transcriptomic atlases of peripheral leukocytes in healthy dogs, the identification and functional characterization of distinct immune subsets remain incomplete.

METHODS: We constructed a single-cell atlas of peripheral leukocytes from six healthy small-breed dogs using the 10x Genomics platform and the updated canFam4 genome.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Analysis of 30,040 high-quality transcriptomes revealed 51 distinct immune subsets, including

CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this study represents the first comprehensive, gene-resolved single-cell analysis to reveal immunoregulatory checkpoint mechanisms underlying immune homeostasis in healthy dogs. Our …

Case Report: Fundus Findings In Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Associated Optic Neuritis, John R Wilson, Olivia W Cummings, Matthew S Elitt, Gregory P Van Stavern

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) is a sight-threatening demyelinating disorder that can present with various ocular manifestations. Here, we describe a unique case of bilateral MOG-ON with unilateral retinal hemorrhages and Roth spots. We present the case of a 48-year-old man with acute-onset painful, severe vision loss in both eyes. Initial fundoscopic examination revealed bilateral optic nerve edema with unilateral retinal hemorrhages and Roth spots. Imaging was notable for perineural enhancement along both optic nerves. Serological testing revealed elevated MOG antibodies. The patient was treated with high-dose intravenous steroids followed by plasmapheresis, which resulted in substantial clinical improvement. We …

Caregiver And Provider Perspectives On Developmental Services For Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Mollie Tamboli, Erin Macarthur, Natalie Collins, Eunyoung Kang, Maria Fernandez, Jerlym S Porter, Heather M Conklin, Allison A King, Jane S Hankins, Andrew M Heitzer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic blood disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delays. Most children with SCD do not receive developmental services due in part to disparities in care access. To inform the design of a developmental intervention for children with SCD, we evaluated factors that influence access to developmental services.

METHODS: Interview data were collected from educational and medical providers (

RESULTS: We identified three themes as factors that influence caregivers' access to developmental services: quality of medical and educational experiences, caregiver knowledge and beliefs about SCD and development, and caregiver preferences for developmental services. Most caregivers denied …

In Silico Prediction Of The Impact Of Genomic Variations In The Small Conductance Calcium Activated Potassium Channel Sk3 Structure And Function, Lucia Padilla, Coral Del Val, Daria B Neidre, Agustín S Kokenge, Juan E Martinez, Antonio L Teixeira, Igor Zwir, Gabriel A De Erausquin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel SK3, encoded by the KCNN3 gene, plays a critical role in regulating dopaminergic neuron (DN) firing patterns by modulating after hyperpolarization currents. SK3 dysfunction has been implicated in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. We analyzed structural and functional consequences of KCNN3 splicing and genetic variation. Alternative splicing variants of the KCNN3 gene were retrieved from the Ensembl database and aligned using T-Coffee, manually inspected and curated. Protein domains were identified with Pfam 35.0, SMART 9.0, and InterPro 98.0, and visualized. An AlphaFold2 model of SK3 full-length protein (UniProt: Q9UGI6) used as reference and structural models of …

Detection Of Human Herpesvirus 7 In Conjunctival Samples Collected From Individuals Recovering From Conjunctivitis, Andrew T E Hartwick, Christina E Morettin, Jennifer S Harthan, Meredith Whiteside, Ellen Shorter, Spencer D Johnson, Mary K Migneco, Christian K Olson, Julia B Huecker, Tammy Than, Mae O Gordon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Although it is often reported that adenovirus is the most common etiology for infectious conjunctivitis, a recent multi-center clinical study found that adenovirus was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in only 16% of cases presenting with acute conjunctivitis. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that a member of Herpesviridae could be the underlying etiology in some non-adenoviral cases of conjunctivitis.

METHODS: Molecular assays for Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2) and Human Herpesvirus 6A, 6B and 7 (HHV-6A, HHV-6B, HHV-7) were performed on conjunctival samples collected from 18 individuals with acute conjunctivitis and during their recovery in follow-up visits …

Advancing Public Health Leadership Through Culturally Centered And Responsive Research Mentorship Training In Nigeria, Rifkatu Reng, Manmak Mamven, Fatima Kyari, Elizabeth N Christian, Anthony Orji, Roseline Abah, Nanna Ripiye, Gregory Erhabor, Mark D Huffman, Dike Ojji, Leah C Neubauer, Lisa R Hirschorn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Effective leadership in research and public health is critical to strengthen evidence generation and translation into policy and practice. Mentorship in research and public health is critical to develop leaders, but mentorship training is often

Adapting A Sexual And Reproductive Health Program For Latina Teens And Their Female Caregivers: A Qualitative Study, Katherine G Merrill, Ana A Baumann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Adaptation is widely recognized as important when interventions are to be delivered in new settings or with new populations. However, there are gaps in the literature on how adaptations are carried out and documented. IMARA is a 12-h evidence-based sexual health intervention for Black teens and their mothers, designed for delivery over two days. We present our systematic process of adapting IMARA for Latinas to produce the

METHODS: Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, we carried out a qualitative study that included 7 focus groups: 4 with staff from community partner organizations (

RESULTS: Informed by the data, …

Problem-Solving Training To Improve Caregiver Burden And Depressive Symptoms Among Dementia Caregivers: Personal And Clinical Factors Of Responders Vs. Non-Responders, Shannon B Juengst, Matthew Lee Smith, Kristin Wilmoth, Brittany Wright, Gang Han, Charlene Supnet, Gladys Maestre

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Metacognitive strategy training interventions, like Problem-Solving Training/Descubriendo Soluciones Juntos (PST/DSJ), have efficacy for improving caregiver burden and depressive symptoms. We previously demonstrated that PST/DSJ improved caregiver burden and depressive symptoms among caregivers of adults with Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias (ADRD), regardless of the number of sessions or boosters received. However, these results did not examine factors characterizing those who responded (improvement in caregiver burden or depressive symptoms) or did not respond to the intervention.

OBJECTIVE: To identify key personal and clinical factors associated with response to PST/DSJ. Personal factors included age, gender, race, Hispanic ethnicity, education, and employment …

Neural Mechanisms Underlying Synchronization Of Movement To Musical Cues In Parkinson Disease And Aging, Elinor C Harrison, Sarah Grossen, Lauren E Tueth, Allison M Haussler, Kerri S Rawson, Meghan C Campbell, Gammon M Earhart

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: External and internal musical cues provide therapeutic techniques for gait rehabilitation in aging and neurological disorders. For people with Parkinson disease (PwPD), mental singing is a type of internal cue that can regularize gait timing. No studies to date have directly measured brain activity during external and internal musical cues as used in gait rehabilitation. Evidence suggests the neural mechanisms of external vs. internal cued movement differ. External cues are thought to drive movement via recruitment of cerebello-thalamo-cortical (CTC) pathways, while internal cues are thought to rely more on striato-pallido-thalamocortical (SPT) pathways.

METHODS: We investigated the neural mechanisms that …

Treatment Efficacy For Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome In Children With Trisomy 21, Henry Chen, Adam L Numis, Renée A Shellhaas, John R Mytinger, Debopam Samanta, Rani K Singh, Shaun A Hussain, Danielle Takacs, Kelly G Knupp, Li-Rong Shao, Carl E Stafstrom

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome (IESS) is the most common epilepsy syndrome in children with trisomy 21. First-line standard treatments for IESS include adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), oral corticosteroids, and vigabatrin. Among children with trisomy 21 and IESS, treatment with ACTH or oral corticosteroids may yield higher response rates compared with vigabatrin. However, supporting data are largely from single-center, retrospective cohort studies.

METHODS: Leveraging the multi-center, prospective National Infantile Spasms Consortium (NISC) database, we evaluated the efficacy of first-line (standard) treatments for IESS in children with trisomy 21. We assessed clinical spasms remission at two weeks, clinical spasms remission at three …

Automated Basal Insulin Delivery Versus Multiple Daily Injections In Type 1 Diabetes: Results From A Randomized Parallel Controlled Trial, Johan H Jendle, Janet B Mcgill, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated 6-month effectiveness and safety of automated insulin delivery (AID) in comparison with multiple daily injections (MDI) in pediatric and adult type 1 diabetes (T1D).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Individuals with T1D, aged 2-80 years, were enrolled across 32 international centers (in the United States, Europe, Canada, and New Zealand) and randomized 1:1 to AID intervention (MiniMed™ 670G or 770G system) or MDI with or without continuous glucose monitoring. Primary endpoints were change in mean HbA1c for participants with a baseline HbA1c >8.0% (Group 1) and percentage of time spent below 70 mg/dL (%TBR < 70 mg/dL [< 3.9 mmol/L]) for participants with baseline HbA1c ≤8.0% (Group 2), to show superiority of AID intervention versus MDI. Safety endpoints including rates of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and difference in diabetes treatment satisfaction score were assessed.

RESULTS: For Group 1, …

Using The Practical, Robust Implementation And Sustainability Model To Inform Meaningful Partner Engagement And The Selection Of Implementation Strategies To Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening In Federally Qualified Health Centers, Jesse Nodora, Samir Gupta, Samantha Hurst, Aimee S James, Borsika A Rabin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Engaging community partners in research meaningfully can guide effective implementation efforts. This approach is particularly crucial when we work with complex, multilevel programs in low-resource settings that serve diverse populations. The application of dissemination and implementation science theories, models, and frameworks to facilitate the iterative, multilevel engagement of partners in selecting and optimizing implementation strategies is not commonly described in the literature. In collaboration with three federally qualified health centers in San Diego County, we utilized the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM), which is a contextually expanded version of the widely used Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance …

Human Diseases Caused By Homozygous Pth1r Mutations, Ignacio Portales-Castillo, Jakob Höppner, Harald Jüppner, Thomas J Gardella

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTH1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor that mediates the actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the regulation of blood calcium levels, as well as PTH-related protein (PTHrP) in the regulation of skeletal development. Severe loss-of-function homozygous mutations in PTH1R are incompatible with life as in Blomstrand's lethal chondrodysplasia, characterized by accelerated growth plate ossification. More recently, homozygous mutations located in the transmembrane helices, extracellular domains and C-tail of the PTH1R were identified in patients with milder conditions characterized by variable degrees of skeletal and mineral abnormalities. These include delayed ossification in Eiken syndrome, hypocalcemia …