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Articles 1081 - 1110 of 1971

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Barriers In Implementing A Unified Collaborative Policy To Combat Female Sex Trafficking In Edo-State,Nigeria., Grace Chikaodili Uzochukwu Jan 2021

Barriers In Implementing A Unified Collaborative Policy To Combat Female Sex Trafficking In Edo-State,Nigeria., Grace Chikaodili Uzochukwu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractHuman trafficking has been a historical and global concern as well as a global crime against humanity that violates individual rights, freedom, and privileges. Human trafficking has become a growing phenomenon in Edo State, Nigeria, while the existing policy to combat it has proved ineffective. There was a gap in understanding strategies for the unification of the policies at the level of Edo State, Nigeria, and the level of the United Nations (UN) to ensure better outcomes in the fight against human trafficking. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore perceived barriers to implementing collaborative policy unification …


Impact Of Emotional Disturbance On Crime Among Latinos In Texas, Patricia Kendra Sellers Jan 2021

Impact Of Emotional Disturbance On Crime Among Latinos In Texas, Patricia Kendra Sellers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Latinos are a minority population who are largely stereotyped as violent and vulnerable to committing crimes in America. While Latinos’ vulnerability to committing crimes is attributed to multiple factors, little attention has been drawn towards the relationship between Latinos’ emotional disturbance and probability toward perpetrating or preventing crime. The rational choice theory, trait theory, and biological theory were used to show relationships between emotional disturbance and cognitive processes underlying recidivism that are common among Latinos in Texas. This study investigated the impact of emotional disturbance on decision-making processes among Latinos in Texas as a motivator or deterrent to engage in …


Noncompliance With Regulations On The Use Of Safety Helmets By Motorcyclists In Tamale, Ghana, Mohammed Wumbei Jan 2021

Noncompliance With Regulations On The Use Of Safety Helmets By Motorcyclists In Tamale, Ghana, Mohammed Wumbei

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMotorcyclists’ nonadherence to safety helmet regulations results in an increased risk of accidents, often leading to traumatic injuries or death. This noncompliance is prevalent in the rural and peri-urban areas of the developing world, particularly in Tamale, Ghana. The purpose of this qualitative case study research was to apply the theoretical framework of rational choice theory in the examination of motorcyclists’ considerations in deciding whether to comply with government safety helmet regulations. Motorcyclists in Tamale were convenience sampled for observation and a subset recruited for interview. The study followed the qualitative case study approach by conducting observations and in-depth face-to-face …


Race And Proportionality Of Traffic Stops By Four Police Departments In Demographically Distinct Communities., Danielle Sheree Lessard Jan 2021

Race And Proportionality Of Traffic Stops By Four Police Departments In Demographically Distinct Communities., Danielle Sheree Lessard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Most police departments in the southcentral region of the United States do not racially represent the communities they serve. This lack of diversity has led some communities to perceive law enforcement as racially biased. The purpose of this quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, cross-sectional study was to assess the validity of this perception based upon traffic stop data. Using representative bureaucracy theory, this study examined the traffic stop summary data of four police departments in the southcentral region of the U.S. for 2016-2019. The study aimed to determine if a police department’s racial demographics impacted the stop proportionately to the racial representation …


School Social Work Leadership Self-Efficacy And Perceptions Of Multidisciplinary Collaboration, Megan Pendley Jan 2021

School Social Work Leadership Self-Efficacy And Perceptions Of Multidisciplinary Collaboration, Megan Pendley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

School social workers employ a variety of interventions to meet the needs of students, staff, and families. Serving as the vital link between the school, student, and community, school social workers are well positioned for leadership opportunities. Yet, school social workers continue to be marginalized and under recognized for their leadership capabilities and unique contributions to interdisciplinary collaboration in the school setting. Informed by transformational leadership theory and self-efficacy theory, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between leadership self-efficacy and perceptions of interdisciplinary collaboration of school social workers as measured by the leader efficacy questionnaire and the index …


Reduced Recidivism In Drug Offenders By Treatment Involving Motivational Interviewing, Meleeka Clary Jan 2021

Reduced Recidivism In Drug Offenders By Treatment Involving Motivational Interviewing, Meleeka Clary

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIncarcerated substance users frequently recidivate because of a lack of substance treatment; it was not known whether motivational interviewing (MI) significantly reduces recidivism among substance users. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MI as a treatment method for reducing recidivism among incarcerated individuals with substance use disorders. Social cognitive and extrinsic motivation theories served as the theoretical foundation for the study. Motivation is an important factor in offender engagement with treatment and has been linked to improved treatment outcomes. The research questions asked whether the availability of MI in detention facilities was significantly related …


The Role Of Organizational Socialization On The Ethical Orientation Of Male Police Officers, Megan Marie Bessey Jan 2021

The Role Of Organizational Socialization On The Ethical Orientation Of Male Police Officers, Megan Marie Bessey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A gap in literature exists surrounding years of service, training, and ethical attitudes within the law enforcement industry. The proposed hypothesis was that years of service in law enforcement and hours of in-service training were interactively related to an officer's ethical attitudes as related to ethical orientation. The purpose of this study was to examine organizational socialization within the law enforcement profession, specifically as demonstrated through the interaction effects of factors relating to ethical orientation and scores measured by the Ethics Position Questionnaire of male Northern Kentucky and Southern Oregon police officers. The major theoretical propositions for this study came …


How Women Who Have Recidivated Describe Their Readiness For Employment After Release From Prison, Simba Kathleen Fox Jan 2021

How Women Who Have Recidivated Describe Their Readiness For Employment After Release From Prison, Simba Kathleen Fox

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Since the 1980s, the population of women prisoners incarcerated in the state of California had significantly increased by 500% more than that of the male prisoners. The United States had more incarcerated women than any other country. Along with this alarming rise in female incarceration, recidivism rates were also higher among female inmates. This problem has negatively affected women in California; whereas 57% of the women released from prison were rearrested within three to seven years. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological research study was to investigate how 18 women who had recidivated with the same or a different criminal …


California’S Prisoner Rehabilitation Effort: Ex-Lifers’ Perceptions On Achieving Sustainable Social Reintegration, Kimberly L. Martin Jan 2021

California’S Prisoner Rehabilitation Effort: Ex-Lifers’ Perceptions On Achieving Sustainable Social Reintegration, Kimberly L. Martin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prisoners sentenced to a life term in California’s state prisons are being found suitable for parole at record-high rates. Although macro-level policy guides California’s prisoner rehabilitation process, a specific policy does not exist to guide the rehabilitation of the lifer population. Research shows a compelling relationship between public safety resulting from reduced recidivism and an inmate’s participation in rehabilitative programming during incarceration. There is a gap in the literature about ex-lifers and their ability to achieve sustainable social reintegration upon release from incarceration. Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework guided this study’s examination of the gap in literature and the …


Substance Abuse Disorders And Veteran Homelessness, Donald Rufus Williams Jan 2021

Substance Abuse Disorders And Veteran Homelessness, Donald Rufus Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Veterans constitute a significant proportion of the homeless population in the United States. Studies indicate that substance abuse is a major issue these veterans face that can result in homelessness. Despite improvement since 2009, substance abuse among this population remains a significant problem. The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of the experiences of homeless and substance-abusing veterans to provide information to government agencies that may help them develop a practical approach for addressing the issue. The social cognitive theory and Lowry's dimension on federalism provided the theoretical framework for this study. A general qualitative research …


Former Youth Care Workers' Experiences In Residential Treatment, Sonja Yvette Johnson Jan 2021

Former Youth Care Workers' Experiences In Residential Treatment, Sonja Yvette Johnson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractAs juvenile crime increases across the United States, so do the costs to support incarceration programs. Youth care workers play a pivotal role in supporting the rehabilitation of youth. The effectiveness of a youth residential program is critical for the long-term employment of a youth care worker. The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to obtain the lived experiences of young and departed youth care workers in residential settings about leaving employment. Pragmatism was the ontology that helped to guide this study with the aim of understanding how individuals’ reality was shaped by relational dynamics that contributed to …


Strategies To Expand And Obtain Funding For Nonprofit Organizations, Topaz Lonia Walton-Good Jan 2021

Strategies To Expand And Obtain Funding For Nonprofit Organizations, Topaz Lonia Walton-Good

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Expanding a nonprofit organization (NPO) can be beneficial to the community; however, such expansion comes with challenges, including finding ways to obtain additional funding and understanding which additional services to provide. A single-case study was conducted to explore the challenges facing a nonprofit behavioral health organization as it seeks to obtain funding to expand current services and identify new services for underserved communities. Data were collected through interviews with the behavioral health leader (BHL) and five staff members using the Baldrige excellence framework. Five themes emerged from the data analysis: access, programs, services, funding, workforce, and leadership. Although leadership was …


How Race Impacts Physical Injuries And Psychological Distress For Victims Of Hate Crimes, Lisa Diane Alexander Jan 2021

How Race Impacts Physical Injuries And Psychological Distress For Victims Of Hate Crimes, Lisa Diane Alexander

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractHate crime in the United States divides people from different ethnic groups, cultures, and races. As such, hate crime continues to pose a threat to the safety of members of society because the crimes are driven by animosity. Hate crimes are believed to be more pernicious than mainstream crimes because they send a message to other members of the group that they are not accepted. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which hate crimes were more injurious to African Americans as compared to other underrepresented groups and the psychological impact hate crimes had on the …


Juvenile Justice Workers’ Perceptions Of Teen Court And Traditional Court, Kesla M. Holder Jan 2021

Juvenile Justice Workers’ Perceptions Of Teen Court And Traditional Court, Kesla M. Holder

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The impact of alternative programs for juveniles within the juvenile justice court system was not well understood. Studies such as research from the Annie E. Casey Foundation identified juvenile diversion approaches as an effective method of reducing recidivism in juvenile courts. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to seek understanding of the nontraditional juvenile court process from the perceptions of juvenile justice workers in a local teen court program. Deterrence theory provided the theoretical framework to guide the study. Open-ended survey questions were used to collect data from 11 juvenile justice officers from the local Department of Juvenile …


A Qualitative Study Of Parolee Perceptions Of Penal Educational Program, Deborah Denise Johnson Jan 2021

A Qualitative Study Of Parolee Perceptions Of Penal Educational Program, Deborah Denise Johnson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

An estimated 30% of the incarcerated population does not participate in the educational programs offered within the target state penal education system. The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of parolees towards the prison’s education system and the problem of low participation by using a qualitative approach and conceptual framework based on Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy. Three research questions explored parolee perceptions toward barriers for enrollment and participation in education programming during incarceration, strategies and supports that could have increased self-confidence and motivation to participate in the programs, and descriptions of internalized experiences. Data were collected using …


An Exploration Of The Impact Of Organizational Subculture On Ethical Decision Making In Policing, Sonya M. Johnson Jan 2021

An Exploration Of The Impact Of Organizational Subculture On Ethical Decision Making In Policing, Sonya M. Johnson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe culture of the workplace setting intertwined with how one interprets ethics and code of conduct can be factors that separate acceptable and unacceptable conduct in policing. The reluctance of police agency executives willingness to assess the integrity of their departments often stems from the fear of negative community perceptions followed by unwanted oversight and operational recommendations. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of police officers regarding the influence of organizational subculture on ethical decision-making. The theoretical framework for this study used Sutherland’s Differential Association Theory and Aker’s Social Learning Theory. …


The Lived Experience Of African American Young Adult Men With Hiv And Self-Care Collaborative Management, Barbara A. Moore Jan 2021

The Lived Experience Of African American Young Adult Men With Hiv And Self-Care Collaborative Management, Barbara A. Moore

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractAfrican American young adult (AAYA) men living with HIV often lack interventions that address the influence that HIV has on their quality of life, especially their relationships. Self-care collaborative management (SCCM) concerns related to disclosure and stigmatization complicate social, psychological, and SCCM behaviors. Intervention programs addressing these concerns should be based on relevant, accurate information, but this information is lacking for AAYAs. The purpose of this research was to explore and describe the lived experiences of male AAYAs with HIV and their use of SCCM. The study method was qualitative; Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology was the design. The individual family self-management …


The Effectiveness Of Rehabilitation And Educational Programs For African American Men With Cocaine Addiction, Hira Chaudhary Jan 2021

The Effectiveness Of Rehabilitation And Educational Programs For African American Men With Cocaine Addiction, Hira Chaudhary

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Drug addiction, especially cocaine addiction is a major problem in the United States. There is a problem in Michigan regarding drugs and a high recidivation rate, especially among individuals with cocaine addiction. Evidence shows that at least 56% of the African American adults in Michigan who are being arrested for cocaine usage had been released from a rehabilitation facility in the past 3 years. Various researchers have investigated the prevalence of drug abuse among the African American population in the United States. Still, there is limited evidence on reducing the recidivation rate among African American men with cocaine addiction. Therefore, …


The Occupational Experiences Of Social Workers In Corrections, Lissette Lucero Lopez Jan 2021

The Occupational Experiences Of Social Workers In Corrections, Lissette Lucero Lopez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Social workers who practice in corrections settings are faced with dilemmas, burnout, contrasting values between their profession and organization, and a lack of educational training. However, because of the small percentage of social workers that practice in the correctional setting, there is a gap in knowledge of the occupational experiences of these social workers. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the occupational experiences of social workers in corrections using Niklas Luhmann’s system theory, which suggests that the world includes a system and its environment. Data were collected through phone interviews with 10 to 15 master’s level social …


Socially Constructed Journalism And Lone Wolf Terrorists - A New York City Experience, Adrienne Pascal Jan 2021

Socially Constructed Journalism And Lone Wolf Terrorists - A New York City Experience, Adrienne Pascal

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractJournalistic reporting normalized radical lone wolf terrorist activities compromising public and national safety. The purpose of this research was to explore news reports of four radical lone wolf events that occurred in New York City (NYC) between 2010 and 2017 to identify political slant toward societal normalization of radical lone wolf behavior. The framework of this phenomenological study was Borum’s four-stage pathway mindset model of terrorism combined with Berger and Luckmann’s social construction theory. The central research question addressed how socially constructed journalism stories of lone wolf terrorist events in NYC aligned with liberal to conservative political newsprint continuums. Data …


The Effectiveness Of Rape Prevention And Awareness Programs On Historically Black Colleges And University Campuses, Lucretia Rishelle Banks Jan 2021

The Effectiveness Of Rape Prevention And Awareness Programs On Historically Black Colleges And University Campuses, Lucretia Rishelle Banks

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As rapes and sexual assaults continue to occur on Historically Black College and University (HBCU) campuses, students remain apprehensive in reporting victimizations to law enforcement, despite the presence of sexual assault prevention and awareness programming. Research has shown that the lack of reporting to law enforcement is based on specific barriers. However, there is little knowledge on the perceptions of program facilitators and administrators on why victims decline to report to law enforcement. This qualitative phenomenological study gathered the perceptions of eight program facilitators and administrators on the effectiveness of rape and sexual assault prevention programming. The community readiness theoretical …


Perceptions And Experiences Of African American Americorps Program Participants, Dean Michael Hindenlang Jan 2021

Perceptions And Experiences Of African American Americorps Program Participants, Dean Michael Hindenlang

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AmeriCorps, a voluntary public service program founded in 1993, has largely consisted of a nonminority middle-class group, generally 20 to 29 years old, who had the financial assistance of family while serving. African American participants may be experiencing AmeriCorps-based programs differently, in areas such as financial solvency, job readiness skills, and the ability to begin or return to college. This qualitative study was designed to reveal the perceptions and experiences of African American participants who have completed AmeriCorps service in a Midwest metropolis. Using the lens of critical race theory, which explored African American Corps members through a historical position …


Help-Seeking Behaviors Of Survivors Of Intimate Partner Femicide Attacks, Danielle Marie Santucci Jan 2021

Help-Seeking Behaviors Of Survivors Of Intimate Partner Femicide Attacks, Danielle Marie Santucci

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to recent studies, intimate partner femicide (IPF) is a problem that occurs on a daily basis. Researchers have demonstrated that women lack helpful resources or fail to use helpful resources before they are murdered but have not established why this may be. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to understand help-seeking behaviors of female survivors of IPF attacks. Marxist feminist theory was used to guide the study. The research questions were aimed to understand the lived experiences of the participants and to identify help-seeking behaviors. Data were collected from individual interviews with 10 female survivors of IPF …


The Experience Of Childhood Sibling Violence And Partner Violence In Adult Relationships, Chelsey Almond Barger Jan 2021

The Experience Of Childhood Sibling Violence And Partner Violence In Adult Relationships, Chelsey Almond Barger

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Victims of sibling violence may be at increased risk for revictimization in peer and dating relationships, and sibling violence may influence how the young adult reacts to conflict in their interpersonal relationships. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of childhood sibling violence with adults who later experienced intimate partner violence. Bandura’s social cognitive theory was the conceptual framework of this study. The research question was how individuals perceive and describe the effect of sibling violence in childhood as this relates to the experience of intimate partner violence as adults. Five individuals who experienced childhood sibling violence …


The Predictive Relationship Between Probation/Parole Officer Factors And Recidivism Rates Among Female Offenders, Crystal Clark Jan 2021

The Predictive Relationship Between Probation/Parole Officer Factors And Recidivism Rates Among Female Offenders, Crystal Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractThe purpose of this quantitative, longitudinal, correlational study was to examine if probation officers’ (POs) knowledge of the post release needs of the female offender, their use of positive feedback with the offender, and their supportive relationship with offender were significantly predictive of recidivism at 3 years post release in a sample of 363 female offenders under probation/parole in the state of Michigan between 2011–2014. The study was guided by the PO as coach theory. Data obtained from archival data sets from the Probation/Parole Officer Interactions with Women Offenders, Michigan, 2011–2014 study were utilized in the study. One binomial logistic …


Exploring Factors That Prepare Nigeria Police Officers For Performance Improvement, Lanre Ogunlowo Jan 2021

Exploring Factors That Prepare Nigeria Police Officers For Performance Improvement, Lanre Ogunlowo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Police officers in Lagos State, Nigeria lack information on how to prepare for performance improvement that may enhance their knowledge on the requisite skills needed to protect lives and property. The purpose of the study was to understand this problem, and the central research question for the study was used to address how police officers may enhance their knowledge on the requisite skills necessary to protect lives and property in Lagos State, Nigeria. This qualitative exploratory case study used human competence model as extension of behavioral engineering system and recruited 15 participants. Yin’s five steps of (a) data compilation, (b) …


Black Citizens Experiences And Interactions With Police In Coffee County, Brittany Nicole Palmer Jan 2021

Black Citizens Experiences And Interactions With Police In Coffee County, Brittany Nicole Palmer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Media attention directed towards the relationship between law enforcement officers and communities of color has increased in recent years, specifically regarding the treatment of African Americans. In some cases, contact between police and African Americans had resulted in excessive and unjustified use of force. These types of occurrences have resulted in a divide between African Americans and police officers. The purpose of this phenomenological research study was to understand African Americans’ experiences and interactions with police in communities with less-than-optimal working relations in Coffee County, Georgia. The theoretical framework for this study is the normative sponsorship theory. Data were collected …


Texas Risk Assessment System (Tras) - An Analysis Of Post Incarcerated Females, Rebecca Pastrana Jan 2021

Texas Risk Assessment System (Tras) - An Analysis Of Post Incarcerated Females, Rebecca Pastrana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Prediction of recidivism and risk has become one of the most important elements of an effective assessment in the U.S. prison system. Assessments conducted in the state of Texas prior to 2014 were not gender specific to female offenders. In 2015, Texas introduced a new risk/assessment tool known as Texas Risk Assessment System (TRAS) to identify and address differences in male and female offenders. The importance of the TRAS is that it helps identify female offenders’ needs, motivations, and factors that contribute to their reoffending. TRAS helps determine who requires higher levels of supervision, treatment, and/or other services. This quantitative …


African American Males’ Unemployment And Their Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Level: A Correlational Examination Of An Exceptional People, Devin J. Smith Jan 2021

African American Males’ Unemployment And Their Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Level: A Correlational Examination Of An Exceptional People, Devin J. Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American males possess the highest unemployment rates compared to all racial and gender demographics in America, which has persisted since the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics began measuring unemployment. Consequently, African American males are more likely to live in poverty and less likely to own businesses. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental correlational study was to ascertain relationships and predictions between African American males’ unemployment and their entrepreneurial self-efficacy level. The theoretical frameworks of this study employed the critical race theory, institutional/systemic racism, and the entrepreneurial self-efficacy theory. Accordingly, using random, convivence, and snowball sampling, 558 African American …


Reentry Services For Individuals Wrongfully Convicted And Exonerated, Karlene Patsy Blackman Jan 2021

Reentry Services For Individuals Wrongfully Convicted And Exonerated, Karlene Patsy Blackman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite research summarizing the causes of wrongful convictions, there are limited works on factors influencing exonerees’ reintegration into society. Although reentry services are provided to ex-offenders, the problem is that reentry services are not provided to individuals who are wrongfully convicted and exonerated. This study used state harm as a theoretical foundation. The general qualitative study determined if support or reentry services, if any, would have enhanced or increased the chances of a successful transition into society for individuals wrongfully convicted and exonerated. Specifically, it was an investigation of how a lack of reentry services associated with life, employment, shelter, …