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Examining Personal And Organizational Factors Leading To Police Officers’ Underutilization Of Employee Assistance Programs, Michael David Leary
Examining Personal And Organizational Factors Leading To Police Officers’ Underutilization Of Employee Assistance Programs, Michael David Leary
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Police officers routinely get exposed to stressful or traumatic events throughout the tenure of their careers, which can lead to a build-up of emotions and internal stress. Consequently, research has shown that police officers have a higher suicide rate than the general public. Previous studies demonstrated that the majority of police officers have little knowledge about their provided employee assistance programs (EAP), and fewer yet have used the programs. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether a significant relationship existed between and among factors such as self-stigma of seeking help, social stigma of receiving psychological help, attitudes …
Stress Perceptions And Verbal Commands For Law Enforcement In High-Stress Situations, John Kenneth Gibson
Stress Perceptions And Verbal Commands For Law Enforcement In High-Stress Situations, John Kenneth Gibson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Acute stress can have a negative effect on the physiology and cognitive performance of peace officers when they are engaged in high-stress situations. This could lead to injury or loss of life if a mistaken perception occurs or incorrect decision is made by the officer or suspect. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions of stress for peace officers who issue verbal commands to an aggressive role-playing suspect in a use-of-force scenario. The theoretical framework was Lazarus and Folkman's transactional theory of stress and coping. Data were collected from observations, field notes, and semi-structured interviews …
The Impact Of Community Churches And Barbershops On Preventive Care Utilization Among African American Men, Quiante Chappell Hager
The Impact Of Community Churches And Barbershops On Preventive Care Utilization Among African American Men, Quiante Chappell Hager
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Preventive health care screening plays an essential role in reducing chronic diseases and mortality rates; yet, even as health care access has increased, African American men’s utilization of preventive screenings remains low in rural areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate why African American men are not utilizing preventive care services and ascertaining the impact that social determinants may have on their utilization of these services. The theoretical framework of this research study comprised the social-ecological modal and health belief model to investigate the barriers to preventive care utilization in the African American community. Twelve African …
Gun Control: Republican Views For Common Ground, Ruth Yazmin Molina
Gun Control: Republican Views For Common Ground, Ruth Yazmin Molina
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractPublic and political opinion regarding gun regulation in the United States are sharply split across the political divide. The purpose of this research was to determine the common ground among the Republican Party supporters concerning gun control legislations in the United States. The frame for the study poised into determining in what ways does an affiliation to the Republican Party influence a supporters’ views on state and federal gun laws and if members of the Republican Party believe that a common ground may exist with Democrats for passable gun control legislation. Partisan motivated reasoning theory was used to frame the …
Intelligence Readiness And Operational Capability Of The National Guard Within The U.S., Jose Felipe Perez
Intelligence Readiness And Operational Capability Of The National Guard Within The U.S., Jose Felipe Perez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The National Guard has a highly specialized and operable intelligence force that can be useful to the communities it serves, and how that intelligence can be best used has been the focus of scholars in recent years. Researchers have demonstrated, however, that such integration of intelligence is a daunting task due to many barriers and misconceptions. Researchers have as yet been unable to establish how this might best be accomplished and those barriers diminished. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to define the National Guard’s potential roles and examine their possible integration into the domestic Intelligence Community. Theories …
Examining The Effectiveness Of Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Programs To Reduce Juvenile Recidivism, Monte Powell
Examining The Effectiveness Of Juvenile Delinquency Prevention Programs To Reduce Juvenile Recidivism, Monte Powell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Multiple community prevention programs have been established to help reduce delinquency, but further research is required to address the gaps that exist by measuring the effectiveness of state-sponsored (Community that Cares) and private programs (D.A.R.E.). The purpose of this study was to examine these programs, which may provide pathways toward a successful and fulfilling livelihood for juveniles by preventing them from reoffending. The research questions were aimed at determining the reasons why deviant behavior is increasing and identifying effective methods for improving organizational aftercare program efficiency to reduce juvenile delinquency and recidivism. Environmental and demographical variables were examined that are …
Exploring The Employability Of Ex-Offenders: Employer Perspectives, Carolyn Diane Smith
Exploring The Employability Of Ex-Offenders: Employer Perspectives, Carolyn Diane Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Due to an increase in the number of convictions for minor crimes in Tennessee, a larger number of people are reentering society with the ex-offender label; there is a general lack of awareness among employers regarding their role in enhancing employability of ex-offenders with minor offenses, which limits employment opportunities for this population. Three main theories that explain the integration of ex-offenders into society underpinned this study: avoidance theory, social control theory, and labelling theory. The purpose of this general qualitative study was to explore the perceptions and practices of 10 human resource managers of middle-to-large companies in Tennessee related …
Perceptions Of Correctional Practitioners On Contraband Prevention In Maryland Adult State Prisons, Patrick Orock Agbortarh
Perceptions Of Correctional Practitioners On Contraband Prevention In Maryland Adult State Prisons, Patrick Orock Agbortarh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractAlthough contraband trafficking has been a focus of scholars since 2013, researchers have yet been able to establish a more reliable contraband control strategy. The present study was based on the perceptions of correctional practitioners of Maryland State Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services (DPSCS). These perceptions were necessary in devising a strategy to prevent the flow of contraband items into Maryland’s adult state prisons. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of 10 correctional practitioners from Maryland correctional facilities, with the goal of providing insight into which efforts are most effective in preventing contraband from …
Educators’ Perspectives Regarding The Influence Of Prison Education Programs On Recidivism, Deana Payton
Educators’ Perspectives Regarding The Influence Of Prison Education Programs On Recidivism, Deana Payton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Several factors impact whether inmates are successful upon release. Lack of education and job skills are critical reasons for unsuccessful reintegration. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the perceptions and observations of prison educators regarding inmate participation and motivation in prison education programs. Cloward and Ohlin’s opportunity theory provided the framework for the study. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with eight prison educators. Results of axial coding and thematic analysis resulted in four themes: time commitment, access to programs, negative interaction, and incentives. Findings indicated that from the educator’s perspective, inmates who were motivated and …
Parole Officers’ Perspective On The Needs Of Indigenous Offenders On Conditional Release, Ritesh Dalip Narayan
Parole Officers’ Perspective On The Needs Of Indigenous Offenders On Conditional Release, Ritesh Dalip Narayan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Indigenous offenders are overrepresented in all aspects of the Canadian criminal justice system, including corrections. Indigenous offenders are overrepresented in the prison population and are least likely to be granted an early release from prison. Indigenous offenders also disproportionately breach their conditional release orders and consequently spend more time incarcerated than non-Indigenous offenders. To understand the reasons behind the breaches, need-based theoretical lenses were used to analyze data. Sixteen parole officers were interviewed using a narrative design where participants shared their accounts on supervising Indigenous offenders while highlighting the needs which they felt were not being met by their Indigenous …
Parents’ Perceptions On The Impact That Sros Have On School Safety, John Mayfield
Parents’ Perceptions On The Impact That Sros Have On School Safety, John Mayfield
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
School Resource Officers (SROs) are an essential element in school safety and an even more critical component in the field of community-orientated policing. While numerous research studies have examined SROs from many different lenses, none have examined the impact that SROs have on school safety through a parents' lens. The purpose of this quantitative nonexperimental study was to examine parents’ perceptions on the impact that SROs have on school safety through an online survey accessible to parents through SurveyMonkey. The research question's goal was to answer two fundamental questions, to examine the degree that parents support the presence of SROs …
Complexity Thinking And Broadband Internet Penetration In Lagos, Nigeria, James Hyacinth Akpoja
Complexity Thinking And Broadband Internet Penetration In Lagos, Nigeria, James Hyacinth Akpoja
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Considering the speed at which information and knowledge can transverse nations and organizations, the importance of broadband Internet connectivity cannot be overstated. The general problem is that the Nigerian broadband Internet penetration is considerably low, at 33% compared to other parts of the world. The specific problem is that community members and leaders have the behavioral intention to allow broadband Internet infrastructure deployment (BIID) at the local community level in Lagos. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to examine the relationship between perceived usefulness (PU), perceived benefits (PB), perceived ease of use (PEoU), and perceive security (PS), and …
Legal Marijuana Disperser Owners' Lived Experiences About Accessing Banking Services, Jonathan Travis James
Legal Marijuana Disperser Owners' Lived Experiences About Accessing Banking Services, Jonathan Travis James
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Marijuana reform has created a question of the potential market size of the legal marijuana industry on a local, state, or national level. The problem is that having no banking services has forced legal marijuana dispensaries to be cash-only businesses and created an increased risk of theft. The lack of normal banking services has also affected the ability to manage money earned from operations. This hermeneutic phenomenological study was grounded by the conceptual framework of the motivations of humans and humans' need to feel safe. The participants of this study were owners and operators in the legal marijuana industry of …
Reduced Recidivism In Drug Offenders By Treatment Involving Motivational Interviewing, Meleeka Clary
Reduced Recidivism In Drug Offenders By Treatment Involving Motivational Interviewing, Meleeka Clary
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractIncarcerated substance users frequently recidivate because of a lack of substance treatment; it was not known whether motivational interviewing (MI) significantly reduces recidivism among substance users. The purpose of this quantitative study was to evaluate the effectiveness of MI as a treatment method for reducing recidivism among incarcerated individuals with substance use disorders. Social cognitive and extrinsic motivation theories served as the theoretical foundation for the study. Motivation is an important factor in offender engagement with treatment and has been linked to improved treatment outcomes. The research questions asked whether the availability of MI in detention facilities was significantly related …
The Role Of Organizational Socialization On The Ethical Orientation Of Male Police Officers, Megan Marie Bessey
The Role Of Organizational Socialization On The Ethical Orientation Of Male Police Officers, Megan Marie Bessey
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A gap in literature exists surrounding years of service, training, and ethical attitudes within the law enforcement industry. The proposed hypothesis was that years of service in law enforcement and hours of in-service training were interactively related to an officer's ethical attitudes as related to ethical orientation. The purpose of this study was to examine organizational socialization within the law enforcement profession, specifically as demonstrated through the interaction effects of factors relating to ethical orientation and scores measured by the Ethics Position Questionnaire of male Northern Kentucky and Southern Oregon police officers. The major theoretical propositions for this study came …
How Women Who Have Recidivated Describe Their Readiness For Employment After Release From Prison, Simba Kathleen Fox
How Women Who Have Recidivated Describe Their Readiness For Employment After Release From Prison, Simba Kathleen Fox
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Since the 1980s, the population of women prisoners incarcerated in the state of California had significantly increased by 500% more than that of the male prisoners. The United States had more incarcerated women than any other country. Along with this alarming rise in female incarceration, recidivism rates were also higher among female inmates. This problem has negatively affected women in California; whereas 57% of the women released from prison were rearrested within three to seven years. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological research study was to investigate how 18 women who had recidivated with the same or a different criminal …
California’S Prisoner Rehabilitation Effort: Ex-Lifers’ Perceptions On Achieving Sustainable Social Reintegration, Kimberly L. Martin
California’S Prisoner Rehabilitation Effort: Ex-Lifers’ Perceptions On Achieving Sustainable Social Reintegration, Kimberly L. Martin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Prisoners sentenced to a life term in California’s state prisons are being found suitable for parole at record-high rates. Although macro-level policy guides California’s prisoner rehabilitation process, a specific policy does not exist to guide the rehabilitation of the lifer population. Research shows a compelling relationship between public safety resulting from reduced recidivism and an inmate’s participation in rehabilitative programming during incarceration. There is a gap in the literature about ex-lifers and their ability to achieve sustainable social reintegration upon release from incarceration. Ostrom’s institutional analysis and development framework guided this study’s examination of the gap in literature and the …
African American Entrepreneurial Business- Sustaining Strategies, Charles C. Johnson, Iii
African American Entrepreneurial Business- Sustaining Strategies, Charles C. Johnson, Iii
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
More than 80% of small consulting businesses fail within the first five years of operation. Small consulting company owners are concerned with failing within the first five years because community economic development can be adversely impacted. Grounded in the resource-based view theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies African American consulting company owners use for longevity beyond five years. The participants comprised African American owners of three consulting businesses located in the northeast region of the United States, who successfully sustained their business beyond five years. Data collection included semistructured interviews with consulting company …
Deterrence And Response Improvements For A Large-Scale Cyberterrorism Attack, Harrison Cunningham
Deterrence And Response Improvements For A Large-Scale Cyberterrorism Attack, Harrison Cunningham
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A successful large-scale cyberterrorism attack has never been conducted against the United States, yet cyberterrorism is a real and evolving threat. The United States assumes a largely defensive posture toward the thousands of daily cyberattacks conducted against the country, allowing cyberterrorists to probe and execute cyberattacks with broad impunity. The United States would most likely respond to a successful large-scale cyberterrorism attack within a framework of regulations concerning physical acts of terrorism since no policy exists on how to respond to major cyberterrorism attacks. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of U.S. terrorism and cybersecurity …
How Race Impacts Physical Injuries And Psychological Distress For Victims Of Hate Crimes, Lisa Diane Alexander
How Race Impacts Physical Injuries And Psychological Distress For Victims Of Hate Crimes, Lisa Diane Alexander
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractHate crime in the United States divides people from different ethnic groups, cultures, and races. As such, hate crime continues to pose a threat to the safety of members of society because the crimes are driven by animosity. Hate crimes are believed to be more pernicious than mainstream crimes because they send a message to other members of the group that they are not accepted. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which hate crimes were more injurious to African Americans as compared to other underrepresented groups and the psychological impact hate crimes had on the …
A Qualitative Study Of Parolee Perceptions Of Penal Educational Program, Deborah Denise Johnson
A Qualitative Study Of Parolee Perceptions Of Penal Educational Program, Deborah Denise Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
An estimated 30% of the incarcerated population does not participate in the educational programs offered within the target state penal education system. The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of parolees towards the prison’s education system and the problem of low participation by using a qualitative approach and conceptual framework based on Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy. Three research questions explored parolee perceptions toward barriers for enrollment and participation in education programming during incarceration, strategies and supports that could have increased self-confidence and motivation to participate in the programs, and descriptions of internalized experiences. Data were collected using …
Crisis Management Strategies For Sustaining Organizations During A Crisis, Parisnicole Payton
Crisis Management Strategies For Sustaining Organizations During A Crisis, Parisnicole Payton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Public relations directors often lack crisis management strategies to maintain an organization's reputation following a crisis to ensure continued profitability. Public relations directors who better understand crisis management strategies may benefit their organizations by improving crisis prevention and recovery while maintaining organizational reputation and profitability. Grounded in situational crisis communication theory, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore crisis management strategies that some public relations directors use to maintain an organization's reputation following a crisis to ensure continued profitability. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with three public relations directors from Upper Manhattan, New York, supporting …
Exploring Factors That Prepare Nigeria Police Officers For Performance Improvement, Lanre Ogunlowo
Exploring Factors That Prepare Nigeria Police Officers For Performance Improvement, Lanre Ogunlowo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Police officers in Lagos State, Nigeria lack information on how to prepare for performance improvement that may enhance their knowledge on the requisite skills needed to protect lives and property. The purpose of the study was to understand this problem, and the central research question for the study was used to address how police officers may enhance their knowledge on the requisite skills necessary to protect lives and property in Lagos State, Nigeria. This qualitative exploratory case study used human competence model as extension of behavioral engineering system and recruited 15 participants. Yin’s five steps of (a) data compilation, (b) …
Black Citizens Experiences And Interactions With Police In Coffee County, Brittany Nicole Palmer
Black Citizens Experiences And Interactions With Police In Coffee County, Brittany Nicole Palmer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Media attention directed towards the relationship between law enforcement officers and communities of color has increased in recent years, specifically regarding the treatment of African Americans. In some cases, contact between police and African Americans had resulted in excessive and unjustified use of force. These types of occurrences have resulted in a divide between African Americans and police officers. The purpose of this phenomenological research study was to understand African Americans’ experiences and interactions with police in communities with less-than-optimal working relations in Coffee County, Georgia. The theoretical framework for this study is the normative sponsorship theory. Data were collected …
Reentry Services For Individuals Wrongfully Convicted And Exonerated, Karlene Patsy Blackman
Reentry Services For Individuals Wrongfully Convicted And Exonerated, Karlene Patsy Blackman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite research summarizing the causes of wrongful convictions, there are limited works on factors influencing exonerees’ reintegration into society. Although reentry services are provided to ex-offenders, the problem is that reentry services are not provided to individuals who are wrongfully convicted and exonerated. This study used state harm as a theoretical foundation. The general qualitative study determined if support or reentry services, if any, would have enhanced or increased the chances of a successful transition into society for individuals wrongfully convicted and exonerated. Specifically, it was an investigation of how a lack of reentry services associated with life, employment, shelter, …
Lived Experiences Of Reintegration Of Malaysian Nonviolent Ex-Offenders In Singapore, Hendrika Wilhelmina Vosselman
Lived Experiences Of Reintegration Of Malaysian Nonviolent Ex-Offenders In Singapore, Hendrika Wilhelmina Vosselman
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractNonviolent ex-offenders in Singapore of Malaysian descent face many challenges with reintegration into the community following incarceration. The Malaysian ethnic group comprises a small part, only 14%, of the Singaporean population, but they are overrepresented in the criminal justice system, which creates challenges for the Singapore government. The Malaysians face challenges such as the lack of support, academic underachievement, and economic and socioeconomic disparities. There is a literature gap regarding the Malaysian nonviolent ex-offenders who are experiencing problems with reintegration into society and have more limitations than other ethnic groups in Singapore. There are currently no studies focusing on clarifying …
Juvenile Justice And The Criminalization Of Mentally Ill Individuals, Michael Collins
Juvenile Justice And The Criminalization Of Mentally Ill Individuals, Michael Collins
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Juvenile justice systems in the United States are using incarceration as a solution to the problem of youths with mental health disorders who commit violent crimes. Juvenile justice systems across the United States have a revolving door effect that arrests, adjudicates, and incarcerates youth offenders but fail to address the factors that contribute to recidivism. The purpose of the qualitative case study was to identify which treatment procedures were most appropriate for juvenile offenders who committed violent offenses in an effort to reduce recidivism for this offender population. For this study, an ecological psychology theory was used as a lens …
Canadian Policymaker Experiences On Reducing Syndemic Stigma For Hiv And Substance Use Disorder, Nickolas James Cherwinski
Canadian Policymaker Experiences On Reducing Syndemic Stigma For Hiv And Substance Use Disorder, Nickolas James Cherwinski
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
People living with HIV (PLWH) and substance use disorder (SUD) experience highly stigmatized lives fraught by influences such as criminal law and stigmatizing public policies. Despite free access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and mental health services for all Canadian citizens, suboptimal adherence to ART and administratively cumbersome mental health interventions still exist. Many researchers have found the health services for both HIV and SUD to be dynamic, costly, and difficult to maintain; as such, the purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge gap related to the policy implications of syndemic stigma experienced by PLWH and SUD in Canada. …
Internet Use, Perceived Social Support, And Obesity Among African American Young Adults, Cynthia Adams
Internet Use, Perceived Social Support, And Obesity Among African American Young Adults, Cynthia Adams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African Americans are disproportionately affected by obesity. Public health practitioners have an incomplete understanding of the social-environmental risk factors and how they affect obesity. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore whether internet use and perceived social support predicted obesity among African American young adults. The social cognitive theory guided this study. Secondary data were analyzed from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey. The sample consisted of 6,765 African American young adults age 18 to 34 and represented the U.S. population using weighted estimates. A Bonferroni correction was performed to reduce Type I error due to …
Predictors Of Recidivism For Offenders With Substance Use Disorders, Yvonne Cheeks
Predictors Of Recidivism For Offenders With Substance Use Disorders, Yvonne Cheeks
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractRecidivism is a substantial problem in the United States due to the number of paroles/probationers reoffending. The U.S. prison system has become the new asylum and a revolving door for individuals, which is even more true for those with substance use disorders (SUDs). Once these individuals leave prison, they are likely to end up reoffending at some point in the future due to substance use/abuse (i.e., committing crimes to support substance use, selling substances, etc.). Scholarly literature lacked studies examining the predictors of recidivism for offenders with SUD in North Carolina. . The purpose of this quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional study …