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Practices For Protecting And Enhancing Fish And Wildlife On Coal Mined Land In The Uinta-Southwestern Utah Region, Bettina R. Proctor, Science Applications, Inc., Richard W. Thompson, Jane E. Bunin, Kenneth W. Fucik, George R. Tamm, Edward G. Wolf, U.S Department Of The Interior- Fish And Wildlife Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This handbook contains information on the best current practices to minimize disturbances and adverse impacts of surface mining on fish and wildlife resources. Current state and federal legislation was reviewed to determine those practices which were most compatible with the best technology currently available, fish and wildlife plans, and reclamation plans for the Uinta-Southwestern region of the U.S. The information presented includes risks, limitations, approximate costs, and maintenance and management requirements of each practice. Plans for the restoration of specific habitats, according to the best current practices, are also included.

Utah Science Vol. 44 No. 2, Summer 1983

Utah Science

23 WEATHER AND RANGE MANAGEMENT E. A. Richardson, T. F. Glover and A. 8. Haws Weather events can be crucial to rangeland management. New computer models are being used to make both the events and their consequences more predictable .

28 MOUNTAIN THERMOPSIS: Toxicity in Cattle R. L. Chase and R. F. Keeler Hazards due to Thermopsis vary with its stage of growth and the hunger level of a potential victim. Proper management requires attention to controlling the plant and the animals who may graze it.

32 SHORT-DURATION GRAZING DOUBLES YOUR LIVESTOCK? J. C. Malechek and D. D. Dwyer It …

Studies Of The San Jose Scale, Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus (Comstock) (Homoptera:Diaspididae) And Its Aphytis Nr. Vandenboshi Debach And Rosen (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae) Parasite In Northern Utah, Manas Titayavan

Biology

The biology of Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) and its parasite, Aphytis nr. vandenboschi DeBach and Rosen, was studied. Q. perniciosus developmental time declined substantially with each increase in temperature between 18.3 and 31.0°C. Constant temperatures between 10.0 and 15.6°C or above 31°C were detrimental to A. nr. vandenboschi. The mean number of eggs laid per parasite was 12.08 at 23.8°C and 11.58 at 25.6°C. Under experimental conditions the parasite did not discriminate between previously parasitized hosts and unparasitized ones. Field investigations were in two unsprayed apple orchards, one at Brigham City and one at Hyde Park, Utah. Both male San Jose …

Metabolism Of Glycolate In The Photosynthetic Bacteria Rhodopseudomonas Sphaeroides, Vikas Vasudeo Padhye

Biology

Aspects of glycolate metabolism in the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides were studied to determine the occurrence of the plant-type glycolate pathway in this bacterium. R. sphaeroides, when grown with tartrate or acetate, excreted glycolic acid extracellularly during chemoheterotrophic or photoheterotrophic growth. The amount of glycolic acid excretion increased when cells were incubated with 10 mM α-hydroxy-2-pyridine methane sulphonate (HPMS), an inhibitor of glycolate oxidase. The rates of bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoid synthesis were inhibited by HPMS; however, addition of glyoxylate, glycine or serine did not restore the original rates of these pigments. Ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase, ribulose 1,5-disphosphate oxygenase, phosphoglycolate phosphatase, …

Prostaglandins And Cyclic Nucleotides In The Ram Reproductive Tract, M. James Cosentino

Biology

It was the purpose of this study to examine various characteristics of the sperm and surrounding fluids in the testis, cauda epididymis and vas deferens in the adult ram, with an emphasis on prostaglandins, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and cyclic nucleotides. Cannulas were placed into these three areas of 16 mature rams and samples were collected in a vial sutured to the scrotum of each animal. The data indicate a high degree of fluid reabsorption as the epididymis is traversed, resulting in an elevated sperm concentration in the distal regions. In addition, the number of sperm collected per day from each …

United States Department Of The Interior Geological Survey, Utah, Basic Data For Thermal Springs And Wells As Recorded In Geotherm, James D. Bliss

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

No abstract provided.

Hydraulic Model Study Of Hyrum Dam Auxiliary Labyrinth Spillway, Kathleen L. Houston, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation, Division Of Research, Hydraulics Branch

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The updated IDF (inflow design flood) for Hyrum Reservoir could not be passed with the existing hydraulic structures. The labyrinth was the most economical alternative for an auxiliary spillway. The labyrinth spillway, a series of trapezoidal shapes in plan form, would provide the necessary spillway length and capacity within a comparatively small width. The spillway configuration was based on design curves developed in the Bureau of Reclamation Hydraulic Laboratory.

The 1:30 scale model included the upstream approach channel, the labyrinth spillway, and a transition section leading to a long sloping chute. The model confirmed the maximum discharge of the spillway …

Inactivation Of Reovirus, Rotavirus, And Poliovirus By Chlorine In Water, Blair Takashi Fujimoto

Biology

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the rates of inactivation by chlorine of reovirus, rotavirus, and poliovirus at pH 6 and pH 10. The inactivation rates at pH 6 were greater than those at pH 10. Hypochlorous acid was found to be more effective than hypochlorite ion in the inactivation of all three viruses. The efficiency of inactivation of reovirus and rotavirus increased as the concentration of hypochlorite ion was increased. Conversely, the efficiency of inactivation decreased as the concentration of hypochlorous acid was increased. Infectious reovirus was inactivated at a faster rate than the potentially …

Effects Of Different Salinities On The Metabolic Rate, Mitochondrial Morphology And Glycogen Content In The Brine Shrimp, Artemia Salina, Ya Sheng Juan

Biology

The effect of different salinities (1X, 2X, 4X and 8X sea water) on the metabolic rate, glycogen content, mitochondrial morphology and LDHase activity of the immature male brine shrimp, Artemia salina, ranging 5-7 mm in body length, was studied. The metabolic rate was determined by measuring the O2 uptake and CO2 release of the brine shrimp using a Gilson micro-respirometer. Glycogen content was determined by chemical assay and electron microscopic study. Fine structure studies were limited to the skeletal muscle and only the organelles or components of this tissue that were affected by the treatments are described. LDHase activity was …

Nothing Succeeds Like Succession: Ecology And The Human Lot, James A. Macmahon

Faculty Honor Lectures

An Honor Lecture provides a rare opportunity for me as a scientist. First, I have the chance to share, and in a sense to justify, my chosen and cherished discipline, ecology, before an eclectic audience. Second, I have a reason to consider my profession in a broader perspective than I normally do, given the pressures of day-to-day teaching, of grantsmanship, and of acting the role of stern taskmaster to my graduate students. I relish the opportunity to dabble, with an ecological perspective, in history, in philosophy, and in other areas. First, I will discuss my discipline in the context of …

Development Of A Microflotation System To Continuously Sample Water For Reovirus Concentration And Detection, Daniel Dalton Marton

Biology

In order to monitor virus levels in most water systems, a virus concentration step is necessary for current assay systems to detect the presence of the virus. Microscopic fluorescent particles were used to determine the efficiency of a microflotation apparatus developed for use in a virus concentration method. The adsorption of particles or viruses onto bubbles in water, enhanced by added or natural foaming agents, is the governing principle of the concentration method investigated. Tests were conducted with organic fluorescent particles in distilled water containing different foaming agents: skim milk, protease peptone, yeast extract, and polyethylene glycol 20M. Tests were …

Production And Characterization Of Monoclonal Antibody And Its Comparison To Polyclonal Antibody For Detection Of Virus, Bruce G. Harper

Biology

Monoclonal antibodies used in serological procedures have the potential to recognize and identify one single antigenic determinant on a virus that is not shared by closely related viruses. This procedure would have the advantage of reducing non-specific background and would allow differentiation between a mixture of viruses. In this investigation, a monoclonal antibody to reovirus type 1 was produced and compared with polyclonal antibody for immunoassay detection of virus. The tests compared were the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA), and the immunofluorescent cell count assay. A comparison of monoclonal antibody to polyclonal antibody in an immunofluorescent …

Utah State University Commencement, 1983 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

Ninetieth Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Absence Of Photosynthetic Reaction Center Polypeptide H In Rhodopseudomonas Sphaeroides, Kevin Gillies

Biology

An Mr 27,500 membrane protein from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides strain 8-17, a non-photosynthetic bacteriochlorophyll-less mutant, has been reported to be the photosynthetic reaction center subunit H found in all photosynthetic isolates of R. sphaeroides. The possible occurence of reaction center polypeptide H in mutant strain 8-17 would indicate that, unlike reaction center subunits L and M, complete bacteriochlorophyll is not required for its synthesis or insertion into the membrane. In experiments reported here, however, purified reaction center subunit H differed from the mutant 8-17 polypeptide in net charge, mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, and 125I-labelled peptide map patterns. Further, aerobic …

In Vivo Development Of Acosphaera Aggregata Skou In The Alfalfa Leafcutting Bee, Megachile Rotundata(Fabricus): A Light And Electron Microscope Study, William R. Mcmanus

Biology

The present light and electron microscope study revealed that the in vivo pattern of development of A. aggregata resembles that of the in vitro development of A. apis, the only other member of the Ascospheraceae to be studied in detail by Spiltoir in 1955. As well as documenting the similarities between the two species, this study also revealed several distinct differences between the two species and answered several developmental questions left unanswered by Spiltoir's study. Nongerminated and germinating ascospores were seen within the gut lumen of the feeding larvae. After germination minimal hyphal development occurred within the gut lumen. The …

Fluoride Effects On The Growth And Morphology Of Two Thermophilic Cyanophytes Synechcoccus Lividus And Phormidium Laminosum, Ibrahim A. Arif

Biology

The effects of various concentrations of fluoride on growth of two thermophilic cyanophytes, Synechococcus lividus (unicellular) and Phormidium laminosum (filamentous) were studied. Growth of both algae was inhibited by fluoride in the concentrations tested. As the concentrations of fluoride increased, an extended adaptation lag phase was encountered. Synechcoccus lividus was more sensitive to fluoride than was Phormidium laminosum, being inhibited in total growth as well as growth rate. Fluoride effects on growth were compared to chloride and to chloride plus fluoride. The growth of S. lividus was stimulated by chloride alone and in combination with fluoride at all concentrations used; …

Yellow-Headed Blackbird Nest Defense: Aggressive Responses To Marsh Wrens, Stephen Robert Bump

Biology

Behavioral interactions between Yellow-headed Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) and Marsh Wrens (Cistothorus palustris) were studied in northern Utah. Marsh Wrens were important predators on Yellow-headed Blackbird eggs. On marshes where Marsh Wrens were present, they were implicated in the destruction of between 5.3 and 15.3% of all active Yellow-headed Blackbird nestings, but only nests within 25 m of Marsh Wren home ranges were depreciated by wrens. Films of Marsh Wrens destroying Yellow-headed Blackbird eggs suggest that wrens consume egg contents. Yellow-headed Blackbirds crushed only one of 19 Marsh Wren nests tied 2 m from prelaying Yellowhead nests. Wren nests provide convenient …

A Taxonomic Study Of Leymus Ambiguus And L. Salinae (Poaceae), Riley J. Atkins

Biology

Morphological studies of populations in Utah, Idaho, Arizona, and Colorado belonging to three taxa of Leymus Hochst. revealed that L. salinae (M. E. Jones) A. Love is comprised of two subspecies, subsp. salinae and subsp. salmonis (C. L. Hitchcock) R. J. Atkins comb. nov. Leymus ambiguus (Vasey & Scribner) D. R. Dewey is distinct from these two taxa and occurs in the Colorado Front Range. Tetraploid (2n=28) and octoploid (2n=56) races occur in both L. salinae subsp. salinae and L. ambiguus, but only tetraploids were found among L. salinae subsp. salmonis. A naturally occurring hexaploid (2n=42) was discovered in one …

Seasonal Patterns Of Ss-Endorphin, Ss-Lipotrophin, Acth, Α-Msh And Cortisol And Diurnal Rhythms Of Serum Melatonin, Pineal Nat Activity And Hypothalamic Mao Activity As Related To The Annual Furring Cycles In Mink (Mustela Vison), Robert Wesley Mcmullen

Biology

The purpose of this study was to determine seasonal patterns of five hormones in male mink of three different color phases during a year-long observation period. Four statistically significant pulses of cortisol were observed on November 4, February 3, April 28 and June 9. These adrenocorticoid peaks of activity corresponded with similar peaks of plasma ACTH. Concomitant with the fall and spring pelage changes (moults), α-MSH secretion was high from September through November and from May through June, but was reduced during the winter months except for a small secondary rise in January and February. Cortisol, ACTH and α-MSH levels …

The Effects Of The Antifertility Agent Af1312/Ts On The Testis And The Epididymus Of The Laboratory Mouse: A Light And Electron Microscope Study, Lyla M. Wagley

Biology

AF1312/TS, an antifertility agent synthesized by Silvestrini and associates in Italy, has the potential to be developed as a contraceptive in human males. This chemical's action is extremely specific, affecting initially, only the elements of the seminiferous epithelium. The drug's action is reversible, and dose, and species specific. This study was undertaken to observe the general morphplogical changes in the testis and epididymis of the mouse due to oral dosing with AF1312/TS. Damage was so drastic, it was evident with the light microscope. Fine structural analysis was used to determine the cell types involved, as well as the organelles damaged …

A Comparison Of The Vegetation On Soils Derived From Dolomite And Quartzite In The Bear River Range, Utah And Idaho, Elizabeth E. Neely

Biology

A comparison was made of the vegetation on soils derived from the Swan Peak Quartzite and the Fish Haven Dolomite Formations in the Bear River Range of northern Utah and southern Idaho. Eight sites on open slopes were selected for study along the contact line between the two geologic formations. Two 600 m2 plots with similar elevation, slope and aspect were established at each site. The vegetation was analyzed over two field seasons by determining the species present and their percentage of canopy cover. Soils were analyzed for nutrient levels, moisture content and texture. Differences were found in vegetation patterns …

Evaluation Of The Early Establishment Phase Of Agropyron Desertorum, Medicago Sativa And Atriplex Canescens In Monocultures And Mixtures, Oscar Luis Prado Escobar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study evaluated the early establishment phase of various monocultures and mixed species plantings of Agropyron desertorum (AGDE), Medicago sativa (MESA), and Atriplex canescens (ATCA). The study was conducted under both greenhouse and field conditions. In the greenhouse, the experimental design was a split-plot, randomized-block design in time, using transplanted seedlings. The treatments were exposed to three water levels to determine species response to varying moisture availability. Plastic pots of 15.4 cm (diameter) by 17.9 cm (depth) were filled with 2,800 g of sandy-loam soil and brought to field capacity. The pots were weighted twice weekly and the water lost …

Effects Of Heat Treatment And Post-Treatment Holding Time On Rennet-Clotting Properties Of Milk, Zeynep Ustunol

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Samples of raw whole milk were heated at L5, 50 and 75 C for 0, 30, 60, llU and 240 min. After heat treatment each sample was subdivided and portions held at 0 C for 0, 30, 60 and 120 min. In a second experiment samples of milk were heated at 25 and 50 C for the same lengths of time as before but this time at 75 C for only 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. A constant holding time of 30 min was used after the heat treatments. Following the various heat treatments pH of each sample was …

Using Videodisc Technology And The Index Of Nutritional Quality To Teach Dietary Guidance To Young Adults, Glenda Wigginton Edmunds

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A review of the literature indicated a need for nutrition education materials to be current with prevailing scientific knowledge, using advanced instructional technology. Individuals need help in applying nutrition principles to their dietary practices.

A nutrition education program utilizing the nutrient density concept and the dietary guidelines for use on videodisc with microcomputer interface was developed and evaluated. The evaluation of the program did not prove to be effective statistically but learners did show an interest in the program and had positive feedback in regard to the information presented and the technology used.

Efficiency Of Converting Iron Into Hemoglobin As An Assay For Evaluating Iron Bioavailability, Paul Whittaker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of iron absorption on subsequent hemoglobin regeneration was investigated by repletion and subsequent analysis of an anemic weanling rat model. Primary assay procedure in these studies was the Regeneration Efficiency method.

As repletion or curative assay techniques form the central body of investigative research in iron utilization, the first subject of inquiry was the effect of repletion interval and degree of depletion upon the animals as monitored by physical indicators such as blood volume, growth and hematinic response. Percent blood volume is a particularly useful figure in the calculation of the amount of hemoglobin iron but was found …

The Effects Of Pregnancy On Behavioral Interdependence In Premarital Relationships, Joan V. Wareham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare couples who experienced a pregnancy early in their courtship, late in their courtship, or not pregnant at all on their development of behavioral interdependence across three levels of involvement; regularly dating, a couple, and committed to marriage, and into marriage. Data were collected by means of a semi-structured interview schedule which permitted couples to retrospectively graph their courtship from the first time they met until marriage. Partners divided their courtship into the three levels of involvement and then completed questionnaires which ascertained the activities they performed and with whom they performed them …

Correction Of Bias In Estimating Autocovariance Function, Len-Hong Wu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate a method for reducing the bias of estimation for autocovariance estimators. Two methods are compared, one is the standard method and the other is an adjustment method. The Monte Carlo method is used within comparison.

The bias and the mean squared error of the estimated autocovariance is computed for several time series models and two variations of the adjustment method of estimation. The results indicate some improvement in bias and mean squared error for the new method.

Plant Responses To Clinostating And Mechanical Stress: Growth And Flowering Responses, Chauncy Steed Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plants rotated about a horizontal axis show certain growth responses. This research was designed to clarify which of the responses of clinostating are caused by gravity compensation and which are caused by mechanical stresses. Plants used were Xanthium strumarium L. (cocklebur) Chicago strain and Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (tomato) cv. Rutgers. Six automated treatments that ran for five days were used to separate out the effects. Treatments were: 1) controls, 2) horizontal clinostat, 3) intermittent clinostat, 4) inversion (every 10 min), 5) invert and return, and 6) vertical rotation. Plant height and diameter changes were measured at ink dots with a …

Accounting For Behavioral Contrast: Recent Interpretations, Ronald L. Snyder

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Behavioral contrast has been interpreted as a function of either (1) the reduction of frequency of reinforcement in one component of a multiple schedule or (2) the suppression of responses in one component regardless of reinforcement frequency.

These explanations are discussed in terms of their adequacy in accounting for several recent experimental results. Two alternative explanations are considered.

First, contrast is interpreted as a function of the relative summation of excitatory and inhibitory effects of stimuli.

Second, contrast is discussed as a possible function of a switch from a response-reinforcer contingency to a stimulus-reinforcer contingency as seen in auto-pecking. Both …

The Relationship Between Ego Identity Status, Conformity Behavior, And Personality In College Students, John Harold Ryan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship between conformity behavior and the four identity statuses as operationalized by Marcia was studied in 80 college students. Also, various personality characteristics were studied relative to their discernability by identity status and their relationship to conformity behavior. As sex difference was a major consideration in the study, the sample was divided into 40 males and 40 females ranging in age from 18 to 25 years. Statistical analysis indicated there were no significant differences between identity statuses relative to conformity for either males or females. In addition, very few personality characteristics were indicative of conformity for either sex. However, …