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Student Life, May 17, 1971, Vol. 68, No. 83, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

The Value Of Counselor Services In The Elementary School, Maxine M. Allred

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

One need only study current statistics concerning patients in mental hospitals, the emotionally ill, the number of suicides each year, disturbed children in school, alcoholics, juvenile delinquents, drug addicts, etc., to be made aware that a great number of individuals in our society do not reflect characteristics of a healthy development.

It is as a result of some frustrating, yet rewarding, years of classroom teaching experience in trying to plan and provide for experiences that would most satisfactorily meet the needs--sometimes undefined, sometimes vague, always unique--of individual students that the writer has become interested in what supportive services a counselor …

Clinical, Genetic, And Biochemical Studies Of A Family With Gardner's Syndrome, Edwin W. Naylor

Biology

In 1951, Gardner (American Journal of Human Genetics, 3:167-176) reported that multiple polyposis followed a pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance in a Utah kindred, In 1952, Gardner and Plenk (American Journal of Human Genetics, 4:31-36) reported that all members of this family with polyposis also had multiple osteomas. In 1953, these same patients were found to have epidermoid cysts, fibromas, and ill-defined masses of connective tissue. In 1958, Smith (Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, 1: 323-332) suggested the term Gardner's syndrome to describe this spectrum of inherited pathological changes. Contact was re-established with this original kindred, and the pedigree …

The Effects Of Temperature And Photoperiod On The Imaginal Diapause Of The Alfalfa Weevil, Hypera Postica (Gyllenhal), Larry H. Bennett

Biology

The developmental stage which is responsible for the photoperiodic induction of diapause in the alfalfa weevil was determined by subjecting an increasing number of developmental stages to a long-day photoperiod (16 hours) and subsequently transferring them to a short-day photoperiod (8 hours). Adults which did not oviposit by 90 days after emergence were considered to be in diapause. Exposure of the larval and pupal stages to the long-day photoperiod resulted in 32-47% diapausing adult females, which was similar to a control group reared entirely at the short-day photoperiod. However, when the adult stage was exposed to the long-day photoperiod for …

Experimental Coccidian Infections In Captive Hibernating And Non Hibernating Uinta Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus Armatus, Larry C. Anderson

Biology

Uinta ground squirrels were captured and kept in wire cages in the laboratory. Each of 111 of these squirrels was inoculated during periods from August through November, 1967 to 1969, with 40,000 or 100,000 to 1,000,000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria bilamellata, E. larimerensis, or E. callospermophili, before or after being placed, without food and water, into a chamber maintained at 7 C. Only juvenile hibernators were used in trials with E. bilamellata and E. larimerensis whereas adults and juveniles were used in trials with E. callospermophili. Each of 121 juvenile and adult squirrels was inoculated with …

Time And Motion Study Of Agonistic Behavior In The Red Jungle Fowl, Gallus Gallus, Richard Howard Wilson

Biology

Agonistic postures of Red Jungle Fowl hens were studied during initial pair encounters, and during the introduction of strangers into established flocks, using time and motion analysis of motion picture films. The posture of each hen was quantitatively determined by measuring the angles of the trunk, neck and tail to the horizontal. These three measurements were added to obtain a posture index. Comparisons were made of postural measurements for the same individual in contests which it won and in contests which it lost. No statistically significant difference could be demonstrated, but a trend for the neck angle and posture index …

Fine Structural Study Of The Exogenous And Asexual Endogenous Stages Of Eimeria Callospermophili, William Liddell Roberts

Biology

The occyst walls, sporocysts, excystation, and the development of first generation schizonts and merozoites of Eimeria callospermophili were studied. The different stages were fixed with Karnovsky's fixative or 5 percent glutaraldehyde and post-fixed with 2 percent osmium tetroxide or in 2. 5 percent glutaraldehyde and 2.5 percent osmium tetroxide together for electron miscoscopy. The oocyst wall had an outer layer consisting of columnar projections and an inner layer consisting of an outer band covered by a membrane and an electron-dense inner band. A membrane covered the sporocyst wall. Inside were 2 sporozoites, fluid which coagulated during fixation, and a membranebound …

Radiation Biology Of The Greater Wax Moth (Galleria Mellonella (L.)): Effects On Developmental Biology, Bionomics, Mating-Competitiveness And F1 Sterility, Ross Albert Nielsen

Biology

Males and females of the greater wax moth were irradiated with gamma rays during various ages of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults. Survivors were mated with untreated moths and spermatophore transfer, oviposition, egg hatch, and adult development were studied. The F₁ progeny were also mated to untreated moths and similar observations made. Males from selected irradiated and F₁ groups were tested for mating competitiveness with untreated males. Females were more sensitive to irradiation than males, and fewer females than males developed to the adult stage in both the irradiated and the F₁ generation. Irradiation of either parent …

A Comparative Study Of The Mutationally Unstable Mutants Forked-3n And White-Ivory Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Ronny C. Woodruf

Biology

The unstable Drosophila melanogaster mutants f³ⁿ (1-56.7 and wⁱ (1-1.5) have been observed to revert frequently to wild type with similar parameters of reversion. Therefore, it was the objective of this investigation to critically compare the properties of the f³ⁿ reversion event to previously reported data on wⁱ reversion and to determine if the two phenomena are truly similar. After confirming the previously reported spontaneous and X-ray-induced f³ⁿ reversion frequencies, it was determined that f³ⁿ reversion events in homozygous females are independent of recombination of outside markers. This is consistent with the properties of …

Ultrastructural Observations Of Cellular Differentiation In Testes Of The South African Clawed Toad (Xenopus Laevis Daudin). Normal Development And Development Of Experimentally Sterilized Embryonic Gonads, Samuel C. Reed

Biology

An ultrastructural study of cellular differentiation in embryonic and mature testes of Xenopus laevis was made. Primordial germ cells were identified in the dorsal mesentery at a stage prior to gonad formation. The primordial germ cells of Xenopus possess all the characteristics common to primordial germ cells of other species, but in addition possess a highly lobate nucleus. This nuclear configuration suggests that primordial germ cells in Xenopus are metabolically quite active cells. Cells possessing the lobate nucleus and similar in size and morphology to primordial germ cells in the dorsal mesentery and early gonad can be found in all …

A Study Of The Biology Of The Species Of Protocalliphora In The Northern Wasatch Range, Terry L. Whitworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A total of 733 bird nests, representing 55 species from 23 habitats, was examined. Forty-nine percent of the nests of 39 bird species were infested with 16 species of Protocalliphora.

Infestation of bird nests by Protocalliphora is believed to be related to a number of factors, which are discussed. Loosely constructed nests, nests heavily saturated with feces, and nests occupied early in the season had low rates of infestation. Nests of colonial birds were more frequently infested than those of solitary birds. Nests of some birds were rarely or never infested.

Sixteen species of Protocalliphora are differentiated and their …

Spawning And Early Life History Of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus Salmoides) In Wahweap Bay, Lake Powell, Kent D. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Spawning time and habitat of largemouth bass, survival of embryos, and growth and food habits of fingerlings were studied in 1968 and 1969 at Wahweap Bay, Lake Powell. Spawning began in mid- to late-April, when mean daily water temperature at nesting depths was 14.4-15.0 Centigrade (58-59 Fahreheit), and continued until mid-June. Most spawning took place on the northeast shore of the bay. Sandstone rubble was the most commonly used bottom type for nesting, either at the base of ledges or around large sandstone boulders. Mean nest depth increased from 1.63 meter to 4.54 meters (5.36 feet to 14.90 feet) in …

Effects Of Dmso And Propham On Mitosis In Root Tips Of Secale Cereale, Max Rosequist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and propham (isopropyl carbanilate) were investigated to determine their effect singly and in combination on mitoses in rye (Secale cereale) root tip cells. Root tips were prepared for observation by the paraffin and aceto-carmine squash methods. Results showed DMSO caused the following abnormalities: arrested metaphases, multipolar spindles, multinucleate cells, stickiness, shortened chromosomes, and mitotic inhibition. Cells from propham treated root tips exhibited the same abnormalities as those treated with DMSO. In addition, propham treatments resulted in polyploid cells and chromosome granulation. In combination, DMSO and propham caused all the abnormalities mentioned above except polyploidy. In …

Ribose 5'-Phosphate Aminotransferase Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Gulamnabi Y. Vahora

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ribose-5 '-phosphate aminotransferase, an alternate first enzyme in the purine de novo pathway, has been purified about 800-fold from Salmonella typhimurium (pur D-55 ). The enzyme is distinct from ribosylpyrophosphate-5'-phosphate amidotransferase (E C 2.4.2.14), has an approximate molecular weight of 229,000, and requires ribose-5'-phosphate, ATP and either ammonium ion, carbamyl phosphate or L-glutamine, to synthesize 5'-phosphoribosylamine (PRA). A coupled assay system, employing a S. typhimurium (pur G-310) extract as the coupling-agent source, was used to measure the enzyme. PRA production in this system was inhibited by higher ribose-5' -phosphate concentrations and longer (over 10 minutes) incubation periods. It …

Preliminary Estimates Of Bark Percentages And Chemical Elements In Complete Trees Of Eight Species In Maine, Harold E. Young

Aspen Bibliography

Five tables were prepared to show the relative amount of bark on each of the tree components, the concentration and range of 12 chemical elements in the bark of each tree component, the proportion of each of the chemical elements in the bark of that element in the complete tree, and the proportion of each element in the bark as compared to the wood and bark of the merchantable bole. There is an overall 4:6:1 wood to bark ratio, but due to the higher concentration of the elements in the bark, the proportion of the elements in the bark is …

The Effects Of Available Water Upon Populations Of Chukar Partridge On Desert Mountains Of Utah, William W. Shaw

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The importance of surface water to chukar partridges (Alectoris graeca) and the feasibility of rain-catchment devices for improving chukar habitat were studied on the Thomas and Dugway Mountain Ranges in western Utah during 1969 and 1970.

Sources of surface water were removed from one mountain range, and chukar populations on that range were compared with populations on an adjacent range with permanent sources of water.

Providing drinking water did not improve chukar productivity, survival, or availability to hunters. Although most birds concentrated around water supplies in the summer, some chukars appeared to live completely independent of any permanent …

Polymerization Of Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Fabian Crespo V.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An organic chemical condensing reagent, 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide metho-p-toluene sulfonate (CMC) was tested for effectiveness in inducing polymerization of short lengths of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nucleoprotein particles isolated from systemically infected Turkish tobacco leaves. It appeared that the chemical induced the formation of phosphodiester linkages between the viral RNA helices in the joining nucleoprotein fragments. Because the polymerization reaction liberates a hydroxyl ion with each joining event the kinetics of the polymerization can be followed with time using a pH meter. The number of hydroxyl ions liberated is equal to the number of polymerizations. Physical evidence of polymerization was obtained by …

Protein Needs Throughout The Life Cycle, Mei-You Tsai

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

In most countries in Africa and in South and East Asia the foods which are produced do not provide adequate diets, or in some areas, not enough food for the population. In most areas, it is not the severe shortage of food supplies, but inequality of food distribution and the quality of the diet as influenced by deficiencies of individual nutrients. One of the most severe deficiencies is in protein because of the poor quality and imbalanced diets due to lack of nutritional knowledge and ignorance of the special needs of large groups of people such as pregnant and lactating …

The Identification And Fostering Of Creative Ability, James W. Lundahl

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Guilford's (1959) studies indicated that there are over 120 different factors of intelligence and that just a few of these factors are measured by the available intelligence tests. To do well on the typical intelligence test, the subject must be able to recall and recognize, perhaps even use prior learning to solve problems; he need not necessarily be able to invent, innovate, or create new approaches and ideas to the problems society faces.

This report will identify other factors that are indicative of creative ability and then give ways that this creative ability can be fostered and developed.

A Comparison Of Technologist Needs And Training Requirements Of The Major Industries Within The State Of Utah, Gene E. Forsberg

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The technologist needs and training requirements were determined from a selected cross-section of Utah industrial firms.

The larger industries were significantly more aware of the training requirements and capabilities of four-year technologists than were the smaller firms.

A significant difference was found regarding general and specialized training required by each firm. Thirteen of the 16 responding firms indicated specialized training as being most important.

The 10 areas of technical training rated most critical in their order of importance were: electronics, technical writing, electricity, English, mathematics (calculus and above), machine shop, manufacturing processes, physics, and metallurgy and design.

There was no …

Investigation Of Urolithiasis Occurring In Hatchery-Reared Trout In Utah, Ernest H. Dean Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The urolithiasis condition investigated occurred at a "hard water" hatchery in Utah after the trout were changed from a meat diet to a commercial pelleted fish feed as a sole sustaining diet in 1961. Numerous diet modifications proved unsuccessful in preventing urolithiasis at the hatchery. It was eventually determined that different commercial diets resulted in varied percentages of trout developing urolithiasis. The urolithic deposits found in the kidney tubules were amorphous and composed of calcium phosphate (apatite) and an organic matrix. Bacterial contamination of the kidneys was not an important factor in the formation of urolithiasis. Rainbow trout containing urolithic …

Ecology Of Badgers In Curlew Valley, Utah And Idaho With Emphasis On Movement And Activity Patterns, Frederick G. Lindzey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Between March, 1969 and July, 1970, 16 badgers (Taxidea taxus) were caught and fitted with radio transmitters in the southern part of Curlew Valley. The animals were followed telemetrically; seven animals contributed sufficient data from which home-range, movement and activity patterns could be discerned. The aver age annual home-range size of five females was 664 acres (± s.d. 99 .5 acres). Female home-range sizes were approximately the same within crested wheat-grass (Agropyron aristatum) and sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) vegetation types, with greater distances traveled each night by females in the crested wheat-grass. Both home-range size and total movement were less …

The Suitability Of Newton Reservoir To Be Either A Coldwater Or A Warmwater Fishery, Jeffrey H. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Measurements were made of the water chemistry the distribution and relative abundance of net-plankton, and the reproduction, age and growth, and food habits of largemouth bass in Newton Reservoir, Newton, Utah.

Samples for chemical analysis were collected weekly from three sites and from several depths at each site. Plankton collections were made on a monthly basis. Data were compared with data in the literature and analyzed for possible ecological implications.

Physical and chemical investigations of the water indicated favorable conditions for a warmwater fishery.

The study of the surface net-plankton revealed a predominance of blue-green algae.

The substratum of the …

Investigations Into The Microbial Ecology And Limnology Of Hyrum Reservoir, In Northern Utah, Kenneth Maxwell Green

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of preliminary investigations was carried out to determine the factors promoting the dense, late summer waterblooms of Aphanizomenon flos-aguae in Hyrum Reservoir in northern Utah. Attempts were made to culture the Aphanizomenon in the ASM-8a medium of O'Flaherty and Phinney (J. Phycol. 6:95-97. 1970), but no growth was obtained and the algae soon lysed. Cultures were maintained, without growth, for more than four months in a lake water--lake sediment medium at 17 C under 1500 lux flourescent light.

Dissolved oxygen measurements using an in situ probe revealed the development of a sharp oxycline during the summer months; on …

An Evaluation Of A Self-Guided Visitor Tour At Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Steven J. Kohler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In 1967 this study was initiated to evaluate the self-guided visitor tour of Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge. A 20 page visitor information booklet and tour guide was prepared and published for distribution at the refuge, and its effectiveness in telling the refuge story was evaluated. To gain a measure of the self-guided tour in terms of quality, visitor use patterns and satisfactions were critically examined.

To gather data on visitor use of the refuge, the visiting public was directly sampled by three methods: mail questionnaires, on-site interviews and candid tower observations of groups on the tour.

The information and …

The Nitrogen Budget Of Two Salt Desert Shrub Plant Communities Of Western Utah, Richard S. Bjerregaard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The nitrogen budgets of Eurotia lanata (Pursh.) Moq. and Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. and Frem.) S. Wats salt desert shrub plant communities were investigated. In each, a complete biomass and organic nitrogen inventory was made. In addition, investigations of the nitrogen fixation potential of soil surface microflora and inorganic soil nitrogen relationships were carried out.

Greater total biomass and organic nitrogen was found in the above-ground portions, annual shoot productivity, and litter of the Atriplex community. However, the Atriplex community was exceeded by the Eurotia community in root biomass. Roots accounted for 74 and 87 percent of the plant biomass and …

Ecological Life History Of Rudbeckia Occidentalis Nutt, Juan Arturo Florez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phenological studies of coneflower on aspen range in Northern Utah showed that resumption of growth of mature plants begins at the time of snow melt and the initial or rosette stage is completed between mid-May and mid- June. The rate of growth in this stage is controlled by temperature, being greater at higher mean temperatures. The bolting stage is completed about 1 week after the initiation of stem elongation and the process of capitulum development is begun. Flowering is initiated between late July and mid- August. Cross-pollination is necessary for seed set which is completed by the end of August. …

Serum Lipids And Urinary Estrogens Of Non-Pregnant Menstruating Young Women, Shiao-Fan Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twelve university women students served as experimental subjects in a study of the serum lipids and urinary estrogens of healthy nonpregnant menstruating young women, who were living under their usual conditions.

The subjects maintained constant weight on their ordinary diets during the entire study period. Antecubital blood and 24-hour urine specimens were collected on certain days which represented different stages of the menstrual cycle. Quantitative analyses were made on serum total cholesterol, lipid phosphorus (phospholipids), triglycerides and total lipids. Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid composition of each serum lipid component was also made. Urinary estrone, 17β- estradiol and …

Effects Of Zinc Deficiency On Hemoglobin, Red Cell Counts, Red Cell Fragility And Circulating And Storage Levels Of Zinc, Iron And Copper In The Rat, Rekha R. Dalvi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three experiments were conducted to study the effect of zinc deficiency on hemoglobin, red cell counts, red cell fragility, storage of erythropoietic minerals in livers and circulating levels of zinc, iron and copper in the rat.

In the experiment 1, twenty weanling rats were divided into four groups. Two groups were fed zinc-deficient diet ( <0.5 ppm); and two groups, zinc-supplemented diet (50 ppm). The rats in the first and third groups were bled three times a week (bled), however the rats in remaining groups were bled once a week (non-bled). All rats received ad libitum food.

Mean food intake per day was considerably less for zinc-deficient rats than that for zinc-supplemented rats. Approximately 2 to 3 times as much food was required for each gram of body weight gained by the zinc-deficient group as by the controls.

In the experiment 2, …

The Coalville Deer Herd In Northeastern Utah: Its Ecology And Management, Gary L. Hickman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary objective of this study on the Coalville Deer Management Unit adjacent to the corner of Wyoming in Utah was to determine the condition of the deer herd in relation to its range and population characteristics.

Postseason doe-fawn ratio was 100:77, while an adjusted doe-fawn ratio accounting for the unproductive female yearling segment was 100:105. The approximate net-productivity for 1964 was 44 percent compared to 27 percent in 1965. In 1964-65, the average age-class mortality rate for the male and female segments was 45 and 35 percent respectively. Preseason and postseason sex ratios were 64:100 and 60:100 respectively.

Mature …