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Effects Of Pesticides On Immune Competency: Influence Of Methyl Parathion And Carbofuran On Immunologic Responses To Salmonella Typhimurium Infection, Anna M. Fan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Immunologic competence is correlated with resistance to infectious disease which may be affected by exposure to certain compounds. Methyl parathion (MP) and carbofuran (CF) have been reported to affect the development of active immunity in the rabbit and the present research was conducted to quantify the dosage relationships of these two pesticides to both host resistance and acquired resistance in the mouse.

Preliminary study was made on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Mortality rates among infected animals fed Purina Laboratory Chow diet providing 0.08, 0.7 3.0 mg MP/kg/day or 0.1, 0.6, 1.0 mg CF/kg/day along with untreated controls …

Inhibition Of Synaptosomal Biogenic Amine Transport By A Diverse Group Of Neurotoxic Chemicals, William M. Bracken

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Synaptosomal membrane functions were monitored, after in vitro exposure to select environmental pollutants, in synaptosomal preparations originating from rat cerebral cortices. The uptake of NE and 5HT into the synaptosomes was monitored as was the K⁺-dependent phosphate activity of the membrane. CH₃HgCl, Hg(NO₃)₂, CdCl₂, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), paraoxon, acrylamide and Kepone were the test chemicals whose effects were studied.

CH₃HgCl, Hg(NO₃)₂ and Kepone had the greatest inhibitory effects on NE and 5HT uptake. The concentrations producing 50 percent inhibition (IC₅₀) were 1.4 x 10 …

A Computer Simulation Study Of Blood Cholinesterase Inhibition In Parathion Treated Rats, Scott Christopher Hennes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A computer simulation model of blood cholinesterase inhibition in rats resulting from a single oral or dermal dose of parathion was developed and tested. The model consists of a set of non-linear differential equations describing the absorption, distribution and metabolism of parathion and the kinetics of inhibition and reactivation of erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase. The equations are numerically integrated to produce the time-course of each of the cholinesterase activities of the blood. The model was tested for validity by a comparison of the activities predicted by the model to values determined experimentally in male rats. The model successfully simulated plasma …

Humoral And Secretory Immunoglobulins Of The Sheepshead, Archosargus Probatocephalus, A Marine Teleost, Craig J. Lobb

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The sheepshead has two readily isolatable humoral immunoglobulins, a 16S tetrameric form and a 6S monomeric form. The 16S tetrameric form is composed of two subpopulations, one being a disulfide linked form (~700,000 daltons) and the other a noncovalently linked population of predominantly disulfide linked dimers (~350,000 daltons). The 6s immunoglobulin (~140,000 daltons) is composed of two noncovalently linked units (~70,000 daltons) each having one heavy and one light chain. The 6S immunoglobulin is antigenically deficient to the 16S immunoglobulin, this deficiency may be due to the heavy chain of the 6s protein lacking a~25,000 dalton segment present in the …

Effects Of Ddt Upon The Hematology And Immunology Of The Goldfish (Carassius Auratus), Maurice G. Zeeman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

DDT can cause hematological and immunological alterations in mammals and birds. Interference with normal hematological and immunological defense systems has been strongly linked to increased incidences of disease and tumors. Fish exposed to pesticides have been noted to be more susceptible to disease. This study examined DDT effects on goldfish hematological and immunological parameters.

Adult goldfish were kept in 250 liter aquaria at 25 ± 1° C. Fish were dosed intraperitoneally with p,p'-DDT in corn oil. Doses ranged from 0 to 500 mg/kg for acute (96 hour) hematology studies to 0 to 50 mg/kg for sub-acute hematology and immunology studies. …

The Effect Of Exploitation On Some Parameters Of Coyote Populations, Robert P. Davison

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study was conducted to examine the effect of exploitation on population parameters of coyotes (Canis latrans). Hypotheses tested were: (1) Substantial levels of exploitation do not change spring and fall coyote densities significantly; (2) Coyote recruitment (reproduction and immigration) rates are unaffected by substantial levels of exploitation; (3) Annual coyote survival rates are not related to intensity of harvest rates; (4) Coyote emigration rates remain unchanged by substantial levels of exploitation. Coyote demographic parameters were measured from 1975 to 1978 for a treatment population subject to substantial exploitation (Curlew Valley, Utah and Idaho), and for an unexploited …

Effects Of Host Plant Patch Size And Surrounding Plant Type On Insect Population Dynamics, Lynn A. Maguire

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present study was to investigate how plant spatial patterns and insect behavior interact to influence the population dynamics of insects using the plants. The study included three phases: l) field experiments using collards (Brassica oleracea) and the crucifer insect fauna; 2) simulation models representing the population dynamics of an insect herbivore as functions of insect dispersal behavior and host plant patch size; and 3) model-field syntheses integrating model predictions and field variability estimates to choose an appropriate spatial scale for future field experiments or applications.

In field experiments on surrounding plant type, collards were …

Production Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni) In Altered And Unaltered Reaches Of Two Intermountain Streams In Their Alluvial Flood Plains, Michael J. Ottenbacher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of production and related parameters (growth rate, density, standing crop) were made for populations of mountain whitefish in altered and "unaltered" areas of the Blacksmith Fork and Logan River, Utah from spring 1975 through summer 1976. Capture records of marked whitefish were also analyzed to describe fish movement and check on assumptions implicit in the population estimator.

Mean weights and instantaneous growth rates of whitefish were similar at all sites for comparable size/age groups. Among sites, differences in production per sampling interval and annual production were due mainly to differences in standing crop and/or age structure.

Estimates of mountain …

Evaluation Of A Wescor Dew Point Microvoltmeter Model Hr 33t For Measuring Water Activity In Foods, Ranga N. Kidambi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Wescor Dew Point Microvoltmeter, Model HR 33T, together with a Wescor C-52 sample chamber, was used to measure water activities between a_w 1.0 and a_w 0.60. Because of temperature gradient problems, the sample chamber was mounted in a styrofoam insulation box constructed so that the chamber could be opened and the sample replaced while it remained inside the closed insulation box. The standard psychrometric procedure was used for samples with a_w between 1 and 0.94. A modified procedure was used for samples dryer than a_w 0.94. The sample chamber was first loaded with water, and …

Optimum Enzyme Treatment For Liberation And Assay Of Pantothenic Acid In Blood, Jan Pearson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A great deal of variability has been evident in reported pantothenic acid blood values. The purpose of the study was to establish optimum enzyme treatment for liberation and assay of pantothenic acid in blood and sera.

There were eight major findings. First, it was found that there was an active pantetheinase in sera, negating the need for hog kidney peptidase or pigeon liver enzyme in whole blood. The second finding (related to the first) indicated that there was significant autolysis of the peptidase bond between the pantothenic acid and cysteamine moieties of coenzyme A in whole blood. The third finding …

A Nutrition Education Component For High School Health Curriculums, Mary Jane German

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Adolescents, who have been shown to be at nutritional risk, and having poor nutritional knowledge and sporadic eating habits, are in need of comprehensive, sequential nutrition education. The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a nutrition education unit for inclusion in the health education curriculum of secondary schools. The two-week unit which included nutrient density concepts was evaluated in two high schools in Utah.

Data from a mail survey of health educators (n=74) revealed their need for nutrition training and resources, and guidance for integrating nutrition into health classes. High school health teachers were provided with …

Pantothenic Acid Status In An Elderly Population, Nedra K. Christensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

There has been insufficient data available for suggesting a recommended dietary allowance for pantothenic acid in the elderly population. The purpose of this study was to determine the average dietary intake of pantothenic acid and correlate it with urinary excretions and the blood levels of this vitamin to assess the pantothenic acid status of the elderly population.

A seven day diet record was obtained from 65 non-institutionalized and 26 institutionalized persons over 65 years of age assessed to be free of chronic diseases. A 24 hour urine specimen and a fasting blood sample was obtained from each study participant. An …

Microstructure And Rheology Of Process Cheese, Abdelaziz Hassan Rayan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Four batches of pasteurized process cheese were prepared from the same Cheddar cheese by cooking to 82C in the presence of sodium citrate, disodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate or sodium aluminum phosphate. Each batch contained the same moisture (40.6%) and emulsifying salt concentration (2.5%). The process cheese was sampled for microstructural and rheological examination after 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 min in the cooker at 82C.

Even though each emulsifying salt affected the physical properties of the process cheese differently, the cheese generally became firmer, stiffer, more elastic and less meltable as cooking time increased from 0 to 40 min. …

Pesticide Exposure Studies: Direct And Indirect Detection Of Absorption Of 2,4-D And Pronamide Herbicides In The Guinea Pig And Occupationally Exposed Workers, Ibrahim A.R. Al-Jabery

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A simple high pressure liquid chromatography procedure was used to determine 2,4-D and pronamide exposure in spraymen and their dermal absorption and excretion in guinea pigs.

Results of dermal application of these herbicides to guinea pigs demonstrated a strong correlation between the applied dermal dose and the urinary residue excretion over the dosage range tested. As the dosage was increased, the urinary excretion of residues was also increased. However, the excretion of 2,4-D amine mixture following dermal treatment of guinea pigs was prolonged as compared to that of pronamide.

Residue levels of these compounds were also determined to estimate skin …

The Effects Of Tri-O-Tolyl Phosphate (Totp) On The Immune System Of Mice, Craig R. Brinkerhoff

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

TOTP is a prevalent industrial and environmental contaminant which has been shown to be a neurotoxic agent. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of this compound on the immune system. Several techniques were employed to test the humoral as well as cellular effects. Male Swiss Webster mice were administered by gastric gavage with three doses of TOTP (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg) and one dose TMTP (50 mg/kg) in corn oil once a week for 13 weeks. Control animals were given corn oil alone.

Lymphocyte transformation was determined on cultures of splenic cells obtained from animals sacrificed at …

Rangeland Resource Inventory Of The Six-County Area Of Utah, Verl L. Bagley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The intent of this study is to estimate rangeland acreages, forage production, and potential forage production in Utah's Six-County Area (Juab, Millard, Piute, Sanpete, Sevier, and Wayne Counties). Acreages were classified by range site, climatic zone and by stage of plant community succession. Range site production data collected since 1953 by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service on Utah's rangelands provided a basis for estimating both present and potential forage production.

Comparison Of The Mineralogy And Morphology Of Some Cambic And Argillic Horizons In Soils Of Northern Utah, Randal Jay Southard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The mineralogy and morphology of a soil with a cambic horizon (Stingal) and a soil with an argillic horizon (Hansel), occurring in northern Utah, were studied. Pedons representing the central concept of each of the soils were sampled by genetic horizon for laboratory analyses. Particle- size distribution, calcium carbonate equivalent, cation-exchange capacity, organic carbon , and the mineralogy of the silt, coarse clay, and fine clay fractions were determined. Thin sections of the soils were examined with a petrographic microscope. Selected peds were observed using a scanning electron microscope, and elemental analyses were made with an x-ray analyzer.

The two …

Job Competencies, Employment Demands, And Perceived Training Needs In Production Agriculture In Utah, James O. Summers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was limited to 165 farmers involved in various segments of production agriculture in the state of Utah. County agents and vocational agriculture teachers in each county nominated these farmers as candidates according to their respective farming operations.

The following six defined areas of production agriculture were used as selection criteria to insure equal input in the study: Beef, Dairy, Swine, Sheep, Poultry, and Crops. All farmers were surveyed by means of persona l interviews conducted by either county agents or vocational agriculture instructors in their respective counties. The surveying instrument used was developed through a thorough review of …

Hurricane Designed, Karen E. Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Hurricane Designed is a project that deals with advertising graphics, their forms and adaptations, and relates them to their environment. Herein is an explanation of the development and procedures of this project as it grew out of an interest in natural history and a pursuit of elegance in design. The result is this plan for a community identity based on environmental and historical perspective.

An Analysis Of A Measure Of Productivity In Mule Deer Populations, Ronald J. Ryel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the fall proportion of fawns among fawns and does in a mule deer population and two measures of productivity, the spring recruitment rate and the reproductive performance as measured in the fall. The spring recruitment rate was defined to be the number of fawns per doe which were recruited into the population at 1 year of age. The reproductive performance was defined to be the number of fawns produced per doe 2 years or older which survive to a specified time. The relationships between these quantities were measured by …

The Population-Food Squeeze: Education For Survival, N. Keith Roberts

Faculty Honor Lectures

One in every four people living on our planet goes to bed hungry each day, and many more survive on inadequate diets only to die prematurely. At the same time, many of the world's natural resources are producing food far below their potential. Almost 25 percent of the Earth's adult population are illiterate, and many more are severely deficient in basic educational skills.

Proceedings From The 17th Annual Marschall Invitational Italian Cheese Seminar 1980, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

New Species Of North American Bees Of The Genus Dufourea (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) With Descriptions Of Two Previously Undescribed Females, George E. Bohart

All PIRU Publications

Thirteen new species of halictid bees in the genus Dufourea are described. Also described are females of two species known previously only from males. All are from the Western United States and northern Mexico.

Evaluation Of Areas For Off-Road Recreational Motorcycle Use, Volume I: Evaluation Method, United States Army Corps Of Engineers

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

To answer user demands for more areas on which to operate off-road recreational motocycles (trailbikes), and to respond to Presidential Executive Orders which require that Federally-owned lands be evaluated for such use, Army land managers need a systematic way of determining land use suitability. This report describes the method developed by the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) to help installation personnel comply with the policies, procedures, and criteria of Army Regulation (AR) 210-9, Use of Off-Road Vehicles on Army Lands.

Infection Of Engelmann-Spruce Seed By Geniculodendron Pyriforme In Western North America, M W. Wicklow-Howard

T.W. "Doc" Daniel Experimental Forest

Geniculodendron pyriforme Salt was identified and characterized by Salt (1974) as the fungus responsible for germination failure of Sitka spruce [Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.] seed in Canadian and British forest nurseries. It was confirmed that the fungus isolated by Epners (1964) from seed of Pinus resinosa Ait., P. sylvestris L., P. strobus L., and Picea glauca (Moench.) Voss. in Canadian nurseries was the same (Salt, 1974). In addition, Salt (1970) demonstrated that the pathogen can infect seeds of western hemlock [Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.], lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Doug!. ex Loud.), Japanese larch [Larix leptolepis (Sieb. and Zucc.) Gord.] and …

Nongame Birds Of The Rocky Mountain Spruce- Fir Forests And Their Management, Kimberly G. Smith

T.W. "Doc" Daniel Experimental Forest

Spruce-fir forests in the Rocky Mountains consist mainly of Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir. The breeding avifaunas in these forests show remarkable consistency in composition along a latitudinal gradient from Montana to Arizona and New Mexico, and with avian communities in the Hudsonian life zone in Washington, Oregon, and California. Woodpeckers, corvids, and seed-eating finches are the most common components. Only the Golden Eagle and a few other raptors are threatened or endangered. Few species winter in these high mountain forests. The distribution of many species is controlled primarily by the vegetation physiognomy, a variable under the control of the …

Spider Community Organization : Seasonal Variation And The Role Of Vegetation Architecture, Cynthia L. Hatley, James A. Macmahon

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

The relationship between vegetation architecture and spider community attributes were examined in a big sage community. Spiders were separated into guilds using similarities of species' hunting behavior. Shrub architecture was experimentally manipulated in the field by either clippings 50% of the shrub's foliage to decrease foliage density or tying together a shrub's branches to increase foliage density. Shrub perturbations resulted in changes in the number of spider species, spider guilds and guild importance values. The number on spider species and guilds in the tied shrubs were significantly higher than those in the clipped or control shrubs sampled. Spider species diversity …

Utah State University Commencement, 1980 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

Eighty-Seventh Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Energy Values Of Nine Populus Clones, Terry F. Strong

Aspen Bibliography

Compares calorific values for components of nine Populus clones. The components include stem wood, stem bark, and branches. Also compares calorific values for clones of balsam poplar and black cottonwood parentages.

Northeastern Forest Experiment Station: Oak Site Index And Biomass Yield In Upland Oak And Cove Hardwood Timber Types In West Virginia, Harry V. Wiant, Michael S. Fountain

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.