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Financial Strain, Employment, And Subjective Stressors Over Time Among Caregivers Of Individuals With Dementia, Mindy Dokos Apr 2018

Financial Strain, Employment, And Subjective Stressors Over Time Among Caregivers Of Individuals With Dementia, Mindy Dokos

Student Research Symposium

This study examined how financial strain and employment impact subjective stress over 12 months in 184 family caregivers of individuals with dementia. Subjective stressors of role overload, role captivity, and employment status were measured at baseline, 6-, and 12-months. Self reports on financial insufficiency were measured at baseline only. Growth curve analyses were conducted to examine within-person changes in subjective stress of caregiving and associations with employment and financial strains. The findings showed that caregivers with greater financial strain at baseline had higher levels of overload and increasing captivity longitudinally. Although caregivers who were consistently unemployed reported lower role overload, …

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Association Between Food Shopping Motivators And The Home Food Environment, Abiodun Atoloye Apr 2018

Association Between Food Shopping Motivators And The Home Food Environment, Abiodun Atoloye

Student Research Symposium

Objective: To examine whether the home food environment (HFE) is related to food shopping motivating factors. Method: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participants were interviewed about their HFE, factors motivating them while shopping, and food security status, using Perceived Nutrition Environment Measure Survey and 6-item US Household Food Security Survey questionnaires. Composite home food environment scores were derived by summing availability and accessibility to healthy food and deducting unhealthy access and availability. Analysis included multiple linear regression models. Results: Being motivated by nutrition and food security were positively associated with HFE (ß= 4.70, p= 0.03 and ß= 1.44, p= 0.06 respectively). …

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Comparison Of A-Mode And B-Mode Ultrasound For Measurement Of Subcutaneous Fat, Trenton Judd Apr 2018

Comparison Of A-Mode And B-Mode Ultrasound For Measurement Of Subcutaneous Fat, Trenton Judd

Student Research Symposium

With lower cost devices and technological advancements, ultrasound has been undergoing a resurgence as a method to measure subcutaneous adipose tissue. Amplitude (A-mode) ultrasound produces a spike at the interface between subcutaneous fat and muscle, while brightness (B-mode) ultrasound produces an image of the underlying tissues. Purpose: This study aimed to determine if a low-cost, low-resolution A-mode ultrasound designed specifically for body composition assessment could produce subcutaneous fat thickness measurements comparable to an expensive, high-resolution B-mode device. Methods: Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured on 41 participants (21 female, 20 male; 29.6 ± 11.0 y; BMI 25.3 ± 5.1 kg/m2) at …

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Reliability And Validity Of An Ipad App And 3d Body Scanner To Measure Body Volume And Body Fat, Felipe Castaneda Apr 2018

Reliability And Validity Of An Ipad App And 3d Body Scanner To Measure Body Volume And Body Fat, Felipe Castaneda

Student Research Symposium

The validity and reliability of this study required the testing of 80 subjects between 18-65 years of age. Of these 80 subjects we had 40 males and 40 females. The only restrictions for our participants was that they could not be pregnant and could not be missing a limb. Each participant was dressed in tight fitting spandex clothing and had two sets of four pictures taken using the Lean Screen Fat Analysis App in order to complete test-retest reliability of the app. Following the pictures the individual did two sessions with the Fit 3D Scanner to also complete test-retest reliability …

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Linear Enamel Hypoplasia And Its Relation To Socioeconomic Class In The 19th Century United States, Amanda Cook Apr 2018

Linear Enamel Hypoplasia And Its Relation To Socioeconomic Class In The 19th Century United States, Amanda Cook

Student Research Symposium

Linear hypoplasia of the dental enamel has long been used as an indicator of physical stress during the tooth year of formation. Enamel hypoplasia present in adult teeth can indicate that the individual experienced growth disturbances during childhood to late adolescence. Through the use of human remains of known origin, age, sex, and socioeconomic background, one can compare childhood stressors according to difference of demographic grouping. This study examines the frequencies of growth disruptions among ethnic and socioeconomic groups of the United States throughout the 20th century. If there are differences in frequencies, do we see this difference increase or …

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Impact Of The Total Western Diet And Supplementation On Inflammatory And Immune Response Biomarkers, Tess Armbrust Apr 2018

Impact Of The Total Western Diet And Supplementation On Inflammatory And Immune Response Biomarkers, Tess Armbrust

Student Research Symposium

Americans with leaky gut, or increased intestinal permeability, often develop chronic inflammation of the colon, which is considered a key driver in the development of diseases such as colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Immune response biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1), cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68), and paired box 5 protein (PAX5) are a few of the contributors to this inflammation. Consumption of a poor diet, high in processed foods and low in fruits and vegetables, is another notable risk factor for CRC. Diet modification with functional foods containing health-promoting …

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Exploring The Influence Of Home Visit Quality On Program Retention, Joseph Jenkins Apr 2018

Exploring The Influence Of Home Visit Quality On Program Retention, Joseph Jenkins

Student Research Symposium

Home visiting is a commonly used intervention to assist families with children who are at risk for poor development due to being raised in poverty or having developmental delays, the Early Head Start program being one of the most well-known. This program aims to support families, helping the family foster their child’s development. Research has been conducted showing that these home visiting programs result in positive effects on children’s social-emotional and cognitive functioning at various stages of childhood (Peterson et al., 2012). The more heavily involved families are in the EHS programs, the more positive the outcomes are on the …

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Designing Interiors For Capsa; Creating A Healing Space For All, Mckinley Emmett Apr 2018

Designing Interiors For Capsa; Creating A Healing Space For All, Mckinley Emmett

Student Research Symposium

CAPSA is a non-profit domestic violence, sexual abuse, and rape recovery center. It provides support services for women, men, and children impacted by abuse. Their facility must be designed to not only provide a safe place for victims, but the interior environment must heal its occupants. CAPSA’s mission is to provide support for victims of domestic violence and sexual assault and to reduce incidents of abuse through prevention education. With a functional space, CAPSA will be able to further education and instruction to those seeking help. By interviewing specialists on the necessities of a functional, healing space, a design can …

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Resistances For Water Transfer Projects As Double Movement, Elham Hoominfar Apr 2018

Resistances For Water Transfer Projects As Double Movement, Elham Hoominfar

Student Research Symposium

Environmental movements are growing in different pArts of the world as a result of environmental degradation, growing natural hazards, and the vulnerability of local people. Within the context of political ecology, environmental movements center on the unequal distribution of power in control of the environment and access to natural resources (Robbins, 2012).Modern environmental movements have been emerging since the 1970s (Lee, Afiff and Rachman, 2008). Robins (2004) asserts that beginning in the 1970s, the environment has become a highly politicized objective. In this comparative research, this researcher seeks to understand the nature and reasons for forming these environmental movements in …

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New York Urban Agriculture Center, Peter Harrison Apr 2018

New York Urban Agriculture Center, Peter Harrison

Student Research Symposium

Current agricultural practices and methods have lead to serious issues with the economic, social, political, and environmental state of our world. Made worse by the issue of climate change, it is necessary to transform how we produce and distribute food; urban agriculture is a solution. As our population increasingly moves into more urban settings, having the ability to produce food in these areas is critical. The basis of this project was to design a physical space, both the interior and exterior, of the New York Urban Agriculture Center. The design for the Center is the first of its kind - …

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Deoxycholate-Enhanced Shigella Virulence Is Regulated By A Rare Π-Helix In The Type Three Secretion System Tip Protein Ipad, Abram Bernard Apr 2018

Deoxycholate-Enhanced Shigella Virulence Is Regulated By A Rare Π-Helix In The Type Three Secretion System Tip Protein Ipad, Abram Bernard

Student Research Symposium

Type three secretion systems (T3SS) are specialized nanomachines that support infection by injecting bacterial proteins directly into host cells. The Shigella T3SS has uniquely evolved to sense environmental levels of the bile salt deoxycholate (DOC) and upregulate virulence in response to DOC. In this study, we describe a rare i + 5 hydrogen bonding secondary structure element (π-helix) within the type three secretion system tip protein IpaD that plays a critical role in DOC-enhanced virulence. Specifically, engineered mutations within the π-helix altered the pathogen's response to DOC, with one mutant construct in particular exhibiting an unprecedented reduction in virulence following …

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Impact Of Green Tea For Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Prevention In A Multigenerational Murine Model Incorporating The Total Western Diet., Sumira Phatak Apr 2018

Impact Of Green Tea For Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Prevention In A Multigenerational Murine Model Incorporating The Total Western Diet., Sumira Phatak

Student Research Symposium

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of US cancer death, yet Americans routinely consume highly processed foods that are energy-dense and nutrient-poor, contributing to chronic inflammation. Other foods are known to contain bioactive molecules that protect against cancer by virtue of antioxidant properties. Over 27,000 research articles are published on green tea, a popular beverage, second worldwide only to water. Previous work has shown that green tea polyphenols decrease body fat composition, reverse insulin resistance, reduce cardiovascular disease risk, protect against pathogenic bacteria, improve brain function, increase lifespan, and suppress inflammatory processes that contribute to carcinogenesis. The objective …

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Reinventing The Prison Yard: Creating Healthier Prisons Through Landscape Architecture And Sociology, Jonathan Young Apr 2018

Reinventing The Prison Yard: Creating Healthier Prisons Through Landscape Architecture And Sociology, Jonathan Young

Student Research Symposium

Many Americans have seen pictures of so-called ‘luxury’ prisons in places like Norway and Finland, and for those who have grown up knowing the harsh American prison system, the Scandinavian prisons seem to be almost rewarding criminals. However, in some areas in the United States rehabilitative prison systems are gaining popularity over a purely incapacitative system, and American researchers have turned to the Scandinavian experiments with increased interest to see what we can learn and apply from them. While this has led to interesting research in sociological, criminological, and even architectural fields, the role of landscape architecture in prisons has …

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Increased Stress Among College Students, Trevor Magleby Apr 2018

Increased Stress Among College Students, Trevor Magleby

Student Research Symposium

As I was sitting in my photo history class one day, I was learning about Orientalism which means "the representation of Asia, especially the Middle East, in a stereotyped way that is regarded as embodying a colonialist attitude." Essentially the western world was taking photos of the Asian population with a heavy perspective of western culture interwoven into the photographs. I want to do a research project on how universities portray college life through exciting and fun pictures on their websites to lure in freshman to believe that college life is a breeze. What is not portrayed is the actual …

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Santa Clara - A Leed Certified Home, Amanda Mcrae Apr 2018

Santa Clara - A Leed Certified Home, Amanda Mcrae

Student Research Symposium

Santa Clara, a residence located in Dana Point, California, has been designed as a LEED Certified home. LEED, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, is a certification program for green building. There are various ratings that can be earned for homes including Certified, Silver, Gold and Platinum. In order to gain certification, a minimum of forty points must be obtained using the LEED V4 Homes and Multi-Family Midrise scorecard. This scorecard has eight categories, including: Location and Transportation, Sustainable Sites, Water Efficiency, Energy and Atmosphere, Materials and Resources, Indoor Environmental Quality, Innovation, and Regional Priority. Each category consists of prerequisites …

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Impact Of Basal Diet On Obesity Phenotype Of Host Mice Following Fecal Transfer From Obese Or Lean Human Donors, Daphne Rodriguez Apr 2018

Impact Of Basal Diet On Obesity Phenotype Of Host Mice Following Fecal Transfer From Obese Or Lean Human Donors, Daphne Rodriguez

Student Research Symposium

The composition of the human gut microbiome can be affected by environmental factors, such as a poor diet. A Western dietary pattern is associated with dysbiosis and adverse health outcomes, including obesity and metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of gut microbiota from lean or obese human donors on development of metabolic syndrome and weight gain in recipient mice fed one of three basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which promotes rodent health; 2) the total Western diet (TWD), which promotes inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis; and 3) a 45% high fat diet-induced obesity (DIO) …

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Designing For Mental Health Facilities: Two Major Factors That Promote Occupant Wellbeing, William Sorensen Apr 2018

Designing For Mental Health Facilities: Two Major Factors That Promote Occupant Wellbeing, William Sorensen

Student Research Symposium

This clinic is an in and out patient facility for depression and anxiety and at risk patients. In the design of this clinic two important factors are addressed. First, the safety of the patients staying at the facility. And second, the impact the facility has on patients as an environment. Safety of patients that are at risk for self harm is a major concern for a clinic like this one and although the staff monitors patients consistently taking the risk factors into consideration when designing such a facility is crucial to aiding to the success of the clinic staff in …

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Mindfulness: "It's Like Xanax" But, "More Effective." How Mindfulness Helps People With Bipolar Disorder Cope With Bipolar Episodes., Laurie Shafer Apr 2018

Mindfulness: "It's Like Xanax" But, "More Effective." How Mindfulness Helps People With Bipolar Disorder Cope With Bipolar Episodes., Laurie Shafer

Student Research Symposium

Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness that affects 4% of the population (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). It has significant debilitating symptoms, and the leading therapies for it have mixed results (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; Ye et al., 2016; Miklowitz et al., 2014). Mindfulness is a promising therapeutic technique that merits more research. This project seeks to discover more about how people with bipolar disorder use mindfulness to better cope with their bipolar episodes. It explores what people have learned about mindfulness in treatment or in their own study of it and how mindfulness helps each individual’s symptoms. …

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Refugee Housing Community: Salt Lake City, Utah, Lindsey Martin Apr 2018

Refugee Housing Community: Salt Lake City, Utah, Lindsey Martin

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of this project was to bring affordable, safe and comfortable housing to refugees living in SLC. Many refugees that arrive in Utah have been through traumatic experiences before coming to the US. Once here, it can be hard to adapt to a new lifestyle and language. All of these refugees are put into low income housing, mainly in the South Salt Lake area. The apartments can be small and overpriced for large families who are working minimum wage jobs. In many of these apartments, language barriers have been an issue in communicating with landlords. Many of the homes …

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Designing A Better Society, Jackie Monson Apr 2018

Designing A Better Society, Jackie Monson

Student Research Symposium

Though not the most common or popular topic, teen drug use is a serious problem that must be addressed. While there are numerous ongoing efforts to better educate teens on the harmful effects of drug and substance abuse, there will always be circumstances where teens have tried drugs and need to get help. Rehab centers are the obvious answer, but many of the current centers today are not designed with the client in mind. The space plans are often so closed that no interaction is encouraged. Every space has become so private that no wonder clients feel so alone and …

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Brighten Up, Katelyn Zabriskie Pettit Apr 2018

Brighten Up, Katelyn Zabriskie Pettit

Student Research Symposium

The body of this research looks at the relationship between a persons’ mental state and how color is perceived. It uses graphic design to bring awareness to the issue of mental health by visually comparing these differences. By measuring the color perception between those who are clinically depressed and those of a healthy mental state, this gives an objective way to help diagnose depression. This objectivity can also help create awareness and give better understanding of depression to the general population. This can be done through well-known phrases used to describe sadness, such as, “feeling blue,” and understanding their scientific …

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From Foxhole To Family-Room; Exploring The Unique Needs And Challenges Faced By American Military And Veteran Families, Simone Regan Apr 2018

From Foxhole To Family-Room; Exploring The Unique Needs And Challenges Faced By American Military And Veteran Families, Simone Regan

Student Research Symposium

Most people would agree that we should take care of our service members as they return from military service, but little thought goes into exactly what that looks like, or how it might differ from one veteran to the next. This project will be an exploration of differences in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as it relates to combat, and to sexual traumas experienced in the military. Whether each are unique in their symptom sets, and as importantly how they are most effectively treated. All too often Post Traumatic Stress is used as a blanket term and is similarly offered blanket …

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The Billy Israel Project, Taylor Merrill Apr 2018

The Billy Israel Project, Taylor Merrill

Student Research Symposium

Homelessness amongst youth is a serious and rapidly growing issue in the United States. Sources estimate that over 550,000 youth in America experience are homeless for more than at least one week each year. Studies have shown that there are a variety of reasons for a youth to either become homeless or run away; reasons that include domestic violence, poverty, transitions from foster care, issues relating to sexual identity, and teen pregnancy. It is also estimated that a staggering 75% of homeless youth either have or will drop out of school. Without a stable option for shelter and access to …

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Improving Air Quality Through Dietary Protein Management In Cattle, Ashley Houston Apr 2018

Improving Air Quality Through Dietary Protein Management In Cattle, Ashley Houston

Student Research Symposium

Particulate matter pollution has become a subject of great concern across the globe. Emissions data has revealed that the agricultural sector is making large contributions to particulate matter through ammonia emissions. Beef and dairy cattle are responsible for producing nearly 50% of annual ammonia emissions in the United States. These animals are often fed amounts of dietary protein that exceed recommendations, resulting in increased excretion of urea and ammonia. These compounds combine with Nitrogen Oxides in the atmosphere to form PM2.5: particulate matter measuring less than 2.5 microns in diameter. Research has shown that through proper dietary management of protein, …

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Effect Of Wood Chips As A Component Of Soilless Media On Growth And Nutrition Of Food And Ornamental Crops, Kristen Bullough Apr 2018

Effect Of Wood Chips As A Component Of Soilless Media On Growth And Nutrition Of Food And Ornamental Crops, Kristen Bullough

Student Research Symposium

Peat is the central component of the soil-less media mix that is used in all greenhouse crop production but it is harvested in Canada and shipped to greenhouses across North America. Wood chips provide a local, low-cost alternative to peat, but observations by growers indicate potential growth reductions from the addition of wood to peat-based media. Here I report the effects of the addition of wood chips to peat-based media. The study included four treatments: two standard controls (peat/vermiculite: 50/50 and 75/25) and two treatments with wood chips (peat/wood chips: 50/50 and 75/25). Each media treatment included three species (sunflowers, …

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Germ Cell-Depleted Ovaries Increase Lifespan And Restore Health, Kyleigh Tyler Apr 2018

Germ Cell-Depleted Ovaries Increase Lifespan And Restore Health, Kyleigh Tyler

Student Research Symposium

In many species, including humans, a decline in reproductive ability is associated with many deleterious health conditions. Some species maintain reproductive ability throughout life, and reproductive decline is often associated with the end of life. Ovary function seems to be correlated in longevity. Previous studies suggest that preserved ovarian function is correlated with increased mean lifespan; however, the role of the germ cells within the ovary is not well understood. To investigate the relationship between role of germ cells and somatic cells and their role in expanding longevity, this project measured the life span of 17-month-old mice that received either …

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Sex Work Is Work, Erica Limon Apr 2018

Sex Work Is Work, Erica Limon

Student Research Symposium

This article will define the context in which sex work is referred to along with the different types of sex work including: prostitution, dancing, and the pornography industry. Sex work has had its place in American Society for centuries. Constantly going through the rollercoaster ride of the negative stigmatization surrounding this work, sex work has remained functional and adaptable throughout generations. The history of sex work along with a sociological explanation of the rise and fall of the “golden age” of sex work is presented. An analysis of sex work displays the various categories under prostitution, dancing, and pornography. Through …

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Compost Nutrient Optimization Using Algal Biomass Amendment, Daniel Kade Derrick, Jenson Walters Apr 2018

Compost Nutrient Optimization Using Algal Biomass Amendment, Daniel Kade Derrick, Jenson Walters

Student Research Symposium

Wastewater treatment plants worldwide are a necessary and important function of society. Contaminated water from sewer systems is brought in, filtered, purified, and released back into our rivers and lakes in enormous quantities. The biosolids removed during the many filtration steps are digested anaerobically to produce bio-methane, and then composted with woodchips to be used as a soil amendment, capable of supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients to plants for agricultural use. Although a value product, analysis of this compost has shown that the nutrient content is low compared to commercial fertilizers. This experiment will show that the addition …

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Unrealistic Expectations Of Women In The Media, Dayley Williams Apr 2018

Unrealistic Expectations Of Women In The Media, Dayley Williams

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of my study is to look at how media portrays unrealistic expectations/perfectionism of the ideal body for women in the world today and if it could lead to mental illness. The theories that I am going to focus on are: how society has constructed the ideal body through media compared to the real healthy proportions a woman should be at in addition to looking at conflict theory and how there is a conflict between the media/ads with reality and the realistic reality women are facing currently. The methods that I am going to use are: multidimensional perfection scale …

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The Treatment Of Mining Disasters In Utah, Why Don't We Care Anymore?, Christopher Harris Apr 2018

The Treatment Of Mining Disasters In Utah, Why Don't We Care Anymore?, Christopher Harris

Student Research Symposium

If you have done some research into the history of the state of Utah, you learn that while religion was the basis of many things in state history, mining was one of the first industries. From the rich mineral deposits in Bingham canyon that still is a driving force in the state's economy, to the Potash, Coal and Uranium deposits in Central and Southern Utah, mining has been a part of this state from the beginning. You'd also find out that Utah was home to two of the worst disasters in U.S. history in terms of loss of life. But …

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