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Wildlife Damage To Agriculture In Nebraska: A Preliminary Cost Assessment, R. J. Johnson, R. M. Timm

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

We estimate the annual financial losses resulting from wildlife damage to major crops and livestock in Nebraska. For each wildlife species, the damage problem is presented along with a description of how the estimate was made. Field crop estimates include losses from Plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius), commensal rodents (Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus), field rodents in grain fields (e.g. Peromyscus maniculatus, Dipodomys ordi, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus), house sparrows (Passer domesticus), blackbirds (e.g. Agelaius phoeniceus and Ouiscalus guiscula), lagomorphs (Sylvilagus floridanus, Lepus californicus, and L. townsendii), deer (Odocoileus …

Wolf, Golden Eagle, And Coyote Problems In Montana, B. W. O'Gara, W. Rightmire

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The average annual reported loss of sheep and lambs to predators in Montana from 1982 through 1986 was 46,000 animals worth $1,980,000. During recent years, coyote predation has been the single most important cause of death for lambs. Coyotes accounted for 80% of the predator kills during 1985 and 72% during 1986, and 8,321 coyotes were killed by ADC during those 2 years. Aerial gunning accounted for more than half of the kills. During the first year of a study on a ranch in western Montana without predator control, coyotes killed 8% of the ewes and 27% of lambs. Predation …

Control Of Ring-Billed Gull Colonies At Urban And Industrial Sites In Southern Ontario, Canada, H. Blokpoel, G. D. Tessier

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

At eight urban or industrial sites in southern Ontario colonies of Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis) were controlled to ameliorate problems caused by the adults and their young. At the Nanticoke Generating Station on Lake Erie a growing colony was eliminated by collecting eggs and subsequent harassment of adults. One colony at the Stelco Yards in Hamilton Harbour was eliminated by installing a gull exclosure and collecting eggs from nests outside the exclosure and another was controlled by frequently destroying nests and eggs. At Toronto Island Airport an incipient colony was controlled by collecting eggs and harassing adults. At …

Public Tolerance Of Deer In A Suburban Environment: Implications For Management And Control, Nancy A. Connelly, Daniel J. Decker, Sam Wear

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A mail survey of residents in suburban northern Westchester County, New York was conducted to determine the nature and extent of deer damage in the county, the importance of deer damage relative to other deer-human interactions, and residents' perceptions of costs and benefits associated with the deer herd. The estimated cost of damage to plantings was quite high, $6.4 million to $9.5 million (depending on the type of assumptions concerning nonrespondents). Most respondents used some form of deer damage control (estimated to cost $1.2 to $1.8. million/year), but few people reported their problems to officials. Although these costs were high, …

Urban Gray Squirrel Damage And Population Management: A Case History, J. Hadidian, D. Manski, V. Flyger, C. Cox, G. Hodge

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Lafayette Park, a 3.0 hectare national park located across the street from the White House in Washington D.C., has had a gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) density as high as 50 animals/hectare. In recent years this large population caused significant damage to mature trees and other vegetation. In keeping with the legislative mandate to protect and preserve the historic landscape in Lafayette Park, the National Park Service implemented a squirrel management program following an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. The population was studied and monitored to determine the ecological bases for high squirrel numbers. Action was taken through a …

Controlling Blackbirds And Starlings At Winter Roosts Using Pa-14, J. F. Heisterberg, A. R. Stickley Jr., K. M. Garner, P. D. Foster Jr.

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The only EPA-registered chemical for lethal control of winter roosting blackbird (Icterinae) and European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) populations is Compound PA-14 Avian Lethal Agent (PA-14). Between 1978 and 1987, 39 PA-14 spray operations, 15 by helicopter and 24 by ground-based spray systems, have been conducted at 33 winter roosts in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama. In-roost bird mortality for the aerial operations have been poor, averaging only 4% of the pretreatment roost populations or 114,000 birds killed per spray operation. Although very labor-intensive, a ground-based sprinkler system application method has proven much more successful, averaging 67% in-roost bird mortality …

Research Needs In Wildlife Damage Control, James E. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The wildlife profession has achieved great success in habitat management, game population restoration, and in learning to manage wildlife populations for public use and enjoyment during the past 50 years. However, a number of wildlife species have become serious problems to agricultural profitability and to natural resources managers in recent years.

Coyote Control Techniques And Their Applications In The Eastern United States, Rick D. Owens

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Conflicts between coyotes and man's activities are varied and include such problems as predation on livestock, agricultural crops, and other wildlife, as well as threats to human health or safety. Formerly restricted to the Great Plains, the coyote's adaptability has enabled expansion of its population throughout most of the United States, Canada and Mexico. This expansion has occurred in spite of large-scale control and/or eradication efforts.

An Evaluation Of Controlled Hunting For Management Of Feral Pigeons, Michael D. Hoy, Albert E. Bivings

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Pigeons (Columba livia) are a problem for municipal governments throughout most of the eastern United States. Toxicants, sterilants, trapping, and shooting are the principal control techniques. Due to a general public aversion to toxicants and to monetary constraints, a pigeon control program which utilized periodic hunting pressure was initiated in Stuttgart, Arkansas County, Arkansas. Guidelines for organization of controlled hunts are presented along with pigeon harvest rates and population trends. The city government and interested citizens consider the program to be successful and cost effective.

Methiocarb-Treated Rice Seed Applied After Field Draining Fails To Repel Blackbirds From Sprouting Rice, N. R. Holler, P. W. Lefebvre, R. E. Matteson, G. R. Gutknecht, R. A. Dolbeer

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Blackbirds, primarily Agelaius phoeniceus, cause extensive losses to sprouting rice in southwestern Louisiana. Methiocarb applied to seed prior to planting at rates above 1.0 g a.i./kg rice (0.1%) has provided excellent protection to sprouting rice in Louisiana under conditions of high bird pressure. To reduce treatment costs, some farmers have used over-flights of methiocarb-treated seed applied at low rates to part of the field after draining. This study showed this technique was not efficacious under conditions of high bird pressure. Four fields treated in this manner suffered 98% loss of sprouts compared to 100% loss in four untreated fields. …

Drc-6749--An Avian Wetting Agent Of Low Aquatic Toxicity, P. W. Lefebvre, T. D. Bills, A. R. Stickley Jr., R. E. Matteson, L. L. Marking

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

PA-14, the compound presently registered for lethal control of blackbirds and starlings at roosts, is labelled for use only at upland sites. Research was undertaken to identify another wetting agent which might be registered for use at aquatic sites. Of 90 samples received from suppliers, 60 were evaluated for wetting ability in a standard laboratory test. Of these, 10 were chosen for test against an aquatic indicator animal, Daphnia. One of the 10, DRC-6749, a block copolymer, was found significantly low in toxicity, and underwent further aquatic testing against 6 fish and 1 mussel species. Under standard test conditions, …

A Need For Professionalism In Wildlife Damage Control, James E. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The need for professionalism in wildlife damage prevention and control is more important today than ever before. It will be even more important in the future as we are faced with increasing interaction between people and their interests which includes many different perceptions about wildlife. Wildlife professionals must change their philosolopy regarding communication with the public about both the positive and negative impacts of wildlife. We can no longer afford the luxury, if indeed we ever could, of avoiding people and their perceptions about wildlife. We must provide scientific, biologically and ecologically sound information in a form which the public …

The Future Of Wildlife Damage Control In An Urban Environment, Gary J. San Julian

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

As the trend towards urbanization escalates, the United States is rapidly becoming a nation of nonfarmers and suburban residents. Consequently, the conflicts between residents and wildlife species are increasing, while the interest in urban wildlife and backyard habitat is growing. These trends, coupled with changes in pesticide regulations, a shortage of trained professionals and relic legislation, create a complex and paradoxical situation for residents and professionals in the area of urban wildlife management. The future of wildlife in the urban environment will depend on our ability to convince and educate wildlife managers, citizens and legislators about the need for control …

Status Of Mesurol® As A Bird Repellent For Cherries And Other Fruit Crops, Mark E. Tobin, Richard A. Dolbeer

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

A single application of Mesurol at 1.5 lb (Al) /ac to ripening cherries reduced bird damage in a field test in the mid-Hudson Valley of New York, 1986. Treated trees averaged 8.9% damage compared to 17.5% damage for untreated trees. An average of 7.4 birds flew into treated blocks per 15-min count versus an average of 19.8 birds that flew into control blocks. These results support the various evaluations over the past 15 years of Mesurol as a bird repellent for fruit crops. The consensus of these tests is that Mesurol often provides an effective nonlethal means of reducing conflicts …

Use Of Drc 1339 To Control Crows In Three Roosts In Kentucky And Arkansas, Frank L. Boyd, Douglas I. Hall

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Field tests utilizing DRC 1339 (3-chloro-4-methylbenzamine hydrochloride) 98% concentrate on whole kernel com for crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) control were conducted in January and February 1981 in Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky, and in 1982 in Ashdown, Arkansas. Treated bait was placed in staging areas near the roosts after prebaiting indicated good acceptance at the sites. The rate of acceptance varied with bait placement. Best results were obtained when bait was placed on bare ground at habitually used staging areas close to the roost site. Population reductions of up to 25% were obtained with limited baiting. DRC 1339 appears to …

Lethal Roost Toxicants For Control Of Starlings And Blackbirds, David L. Otis

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Roosting congregations of starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and several blackbird species (Icteridae) cause several millions of dollars in losses to agricultural crops throughout the United States. In addition, they are responsible for a variety of nuisance problems, human and livestock diseases, and human safety hazards. Dozens of tools have been developed for alleviating these problems, some of which are nonlethal techniques aimed at either roost dispersal or site specific protection of the problem site. Lethal baiting techniques for use at staging areas or at the problem site have also been developed. However, the most controversial solution involves …

The Critter Control Concept Approaches Of A Firm Specializing In Nuisance Wildlife Control, Lynn Braband, Kevin Clark

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The private sector has been involved in certain aspects of nuisance wildlife control for some time. Examples include commensal rodent control by pest control companies, capture of nuisance furbearers by trappers, and repair of structural damage by carpenters. Social trends, such as increased urbanization, increased population of certain wildlife species, and decreased government funding have combined to provide increased opportunity and need for the private sector in nuisance wildlife control.

State/Federal/Private Cooperative Program Relationships In Wildlife Damage Control, Rene M. Bollengier Jr.

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

On December 19, 1985, Congress transferred the Animal Damage Control (ADC) program from Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), Department of the Interior, to Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The transfer of personnel and equipment was officially completed on April 1, 1986. The transfer brought to USDA personnel with hundreds of years of collective animal damage control experience in agricultural and non-agricultural types of man/wildlife conflicts.

Coyotes In The Eastern Us: Status And Implications --Damage Problems And Economic Losses From Coyotes In The Northeastern U.S.--, Dennis Slate

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Losses of livestock to coyotes (Canis latrans) have historically been a matter of concern to ranchers and Animal Damage Control personnel in the western US. With range expansion of the coyote into the eastern US, coyote depredations on domestic stock and fowl appears to be emerging as an issue that will deserve to be more fully addressed by researchers, policy makers and management personnel in this region of the US. This portion of the panel presentation will review and discuss damage problems and losses from coyotes in the northern states of the Eastern Animal Damage Control (ADC) Region.

Effects Of Differential Pine Vole Populations On Growth And Yield Of "Mcintosh" Apple Trees, M. E. Richmond, C. G. Forshey, L. A. Mahaffy, P. N. Miller

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Pine voles (Microtus pinetorum LeConte) were maintained as known populations (0, 269, 538 and 1075/ha) in wire mesh-enclosed blocks of 'McIntosh'/M26 apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) for 2 years. There was little measurable effect of the voles on growth and production the 1st year, but during the 2nd year the highest population was associated with the death of one tree; severe reductions in growth, yield, and fruit size; a 78% reduction in crown bark weight, 56% loss of fibrous roots, and a dramatic reduction in the value of the crop. Although the low and the medium populations showed …

Research Needs In Wildlife Damage Control: Research Needs As Perceived By State Directors In The Eastern Adc Region, Dennis Slate

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

This presentation provides a brief overview of wildlife damage-related research needs as they are perceived by Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), Animal Damage Control (ADC) State Directors in the Eastern ADC Region. There are 23 State Directors in the Eastern ADC Region who are responsible for managing operational and technical assistance animal damage programs in 31 states. Because of their collective experience with a variety of species and control techniques under various environmental circumstances, their imput and insight should be valuable in helping those in the research community more clearly define wildlife damage-related research needs.

Decontamination Of A Histoplasma Capsulatum-Infested Blackbird Roost: Use Of A Sprinkler System To Apply Formalin, A. R. Stickley Jr., J. R. Pruitt, C. E. Hume, T. Pass Ii, C. H. Gayle

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

When disturbed, blackbird/starling roost sites can be sources of locally severe outbreaks of histoplasmosis; therefore decontamination with formalin is sometimes prudent. We describe the use of a $5000 sprinkler system for spraying formalin on a Histoplasma capsulatum-infested roost site. This system precludes direct worker involvement in the application of this hazardous chemical to the area. Analysis of soil samples collected and cultured both before and after formalin treatment confirmed the eradication of H. capsulatum from the 1.3 ha site. Cost was approximately $17,000 with sprinkler system provided at no charge.

Consolidated Space Test Center Capability To Support Small Satellites, Lt Col David Smith

Small Satellite Conference

No analysis of small satellite programs is complete without thorough consideration of the operational concept that will support them. It is not uncommon today that a space system's lifecycle cost will show that operating costs exceeded development and production costs. This is particularly true for programs that hope to reduce spacecraft expense by transferring, to the ground, as much of the on-board processing requirements as operationally feasible. Facility, hardware, software, maintenance, manning, training, communications, on-orbit operations and launch costs all factor into the total operations spending and must be prudently considered.

A Ground Station For Use With Small Satellites, Ronald Muller, Charles Vermillion

Small Satellite Conference

NASA has plans to initiate a new series of inexpensive, Scout-sized Explorer satellites to be placed in service starting in the early 1990's. Today's computer technology makes it feasible and economical to build such a satellite so that it can be operated from a single, small ground station. This station would be located at the satellite user's facility and it would operate autonomously. Except for launch and support during operational emergencies, no NASA facilities would be required. We show this way of operating will result in a lower cost mission with no performance penalty.

The Integrated Housekeeping Unit: A Method Of Telemetry, Command And Control For Small Spacecraft, Gordon Hardman

Small Satellite Conference

In a small satellite environment where the total power budget for telemetry command, ranging and all satellite control functions is not to exceed 2 Watts rather focused measures must be taken to consolidate these functions. Since 1975 AMSAT has been developing the concept of the Integrated Housekeeping Unit (IHU) for this purpose. The IHU combines the traditional telemetry encoder and command decoder with a multi-tasking microcomputer so that this single module is capable of handling all spacecraft functions simultaneously. The nature of the orbit planned for the series of spacecraft for which this unit was developed results in a high …

Army Concept For Space And Lightsat, Ltc Ron Forkenbrock

Small Satellite Conference

This paper explains the Army's role in space both now and in the future, and how space capabilities support joint Air/Land Battle doctrine across the full spectrum of conflict. It concludes with a focus on the Army's requirements for the use of lightsats.

Scout/Crres, Patrick Cudmore

Small Satellite Conference

This paper describes a Scout-launched chemical release satellite that the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) will design, fabricate, integrate, test, and qualify. This will be done using off-the-shelf components assembled to a NASA/GSFC-supplied spacecraft structure as follows: Four chemical release modules from the CRRES satellite (BASD), and Communications, data handling, and power systems from GLOMR (DSI). This satellite will also include flight electronic instrumentation that will measure electric and magnetic fields and particles, and will be furnished by TBD.

Environmental Assessment Of Remedial Action At The Mexican Hat Uranium Mill Tailings Site, Mexican Hat, Utah, U.S. Department Of Energy

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This document assesses the environmental impacts of the proposed remedial action at the Mexican Hat uranium mill tailings site located on the Navajo Reservation in southern Utah. The site covers 235 acres and contains 69 acres of tailings and several of the original mill structures. The Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act (UMTRCA) of 1978, Public Law 95-604 (PL95-604), authorized the U.S. Department of Energy to clean up the site to reduce the potential health impacts associated with the residual radioactive materials remaining at the site. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated standards for the remedial action (40 CFR Part …

Insites, Fall 1987, Utah State University

inSites

Magazine of the Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning

Utah Science Vol. 48 No. 3, Fall 1987

Utah Science

114 GROWING OLD IN NORTHERN UTAH: AN EVALUATION OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY Y. Kim. M. Wilson and S. Chiba How elderly residents of Cache and Box Elder counties view available services.

117 WILL IT PAY TO PROCESS VEGETABLES IN UTAH? D. L. Snyder. T. F. Glover. L. K. Bond. D. Bailey. J. C. Andersen. W. C. Lewis and H. H. Fullerton Economists say a multi-commodity processing facility might be economically Feasible, but it involves considerable economic risk.

124 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN ORNAMENTAL HORTICULTURE AND AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION G.A.Long Results of a recent survey indicate there are plenty of job …