Digital Commons Network^™

Failure Analysis Research Summary: Mitigating The Effects Of Prolonged Darkness With Low Temperature And Low Light, Julie K. Chard, Giridhar Akula, Bruce Bugbee

NASA

Power loss is a common failure in controlled environments. The duration of power loss can be several days – and even weeks – in space environments. Long-duration power loss and the resulting darkness can cause plants to die unless remedial measures are taken during the power outage. Emergency back-up power from batteries could provide low light and reduced air temperature. Plant metabolism and growth are reduced in low temperature. As metabolism slows, energy requirements are reduced and less light is needed. The temperature should be maintained above the chilling temperature for the plant, which is species dependent. The addition of …

Minnesota Forest Resources In 2000, David E. Haugen, Manfred E. Mielke

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

For Some Youth In Transition, Job Placement Is Spelled “Yes!”, Robert L. Morgan, D. A. Ellerd, B. Morgan

Special Education and Rehabilitation Counseling Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Proteolytic Specificity Of Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Subsp. Bulgaricus Influences Functional Properties Of Mozzarella Cheese, B. S. Oommen, Donald J. Mcmahon, C. J. Oberg, Jeff Broadbent, M. Strickland

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Low-moisture part-skim Mozzarella cheeses were manufactured from 2% fat milk and aged for 21 d. Treatments included cheeses made with one of three different strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus in combination with a single strain of Streptococcus thermophilus. A fourth, control treatment consisted of cheeses made with only S. thermophilus. Although total proteolytic ability of these strains, as indicated by the o-phthaldialdehyde analysis, was similar in each of the three strains of L. bulgaricus, these strains exhibited different proteolytic specificities toward the peptide, αs1-CN (f 1-23). On the basis of their αs1-CN (f 1-23) cleavage patterns …

A Recommendation For Determining The Efficacy Of Weight Removal Estimates For The Pacific Cod Longline Cdq Fishery, Anna L. Furniss

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

In January 2000, the Alaska Department of Community and Economic Development contacted the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) regarding concerns over the methods used to determine catch estimates for the Pacific Cod Community Development Quota (CDQ) fishery. Currently, NMFS determines catch estimates for the Pacific Cod CDQ fishery based on the data collected by observers from the North Pacific Groundfish Observer Program (NPGOP).

Observer estimates for catch are based on the random sampling methods for a longline fishing vessel as described in the North Pacific Groundfish Observer Manual. These sampling methods provide an official total catch (OTC) estimate for each …

Wolves In Utah: An Analysis Of Potential Impacts And Recommendations For Management, T. Adam Switalski, Trey Simmons, Shiree L. Duncan, Andreas S. Chavez, Robert H. Schmidt

Natural Resources and Environmental Issues

The historic range of gray wolves (Canis lupus) in Utah was essentially statewide. Although their presence cannot be disputed, the historic abundance of wolves in Utah is unknown. The release of gray wolves into Yellowstone National Park and central Idaho in 1995 established growing populations, and increasing dispersal is bringing these wolves closer to Utah. It seems likely that wolves will commingle with Utah's other native mammals in the near future. The potential presence of wolves in Utah is generating a series of questions and debates. In this report, we review the potential of wolves in Utah and make predictions …

Coumarins And Pyranocoumarins, Potential Novel Pharmacophores For Inhibition Ofmeasles Virus Replication, Dale L. Barnard, Z. Q. Xu, V. D. Stowell, H. Yuan, Donald F. Smee, R. Samy, R. W. Sidwell, M. K. Nielsen, L. Sun, H. Cao, A. Li, C. Quint, J. Deignan, J. Crabb, M. T. Flavin

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

A series of coumarin and pyranocoumarin analogues were evaluated in vitro for antiviral efficacy against measles virus (MV), strain Chicago. Of the 22 compounds tested for inhibition, six were found to have selectivity indices greater than 10. These were compounds 5-hydroxy-7-propionyloxy- 4-propylcoumarin (2a), 5,7-bis(tosyloxy)-4- propylcoumarin (7); 5-hydroxy-4-propyl-7-tosyloxy- coumarin (8); 6,6-dimethyl-9-propionyloxy-4- propyl-2H,6H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′]dipyran-2-one (9); 6,6-dimethyl-9-pivaloyloxy-4-propyl-2H,6Hbenzo[ 1,2-b:3,4-b′]dipyran-2-one (10); and 7,8-cis- 10,11,12-trans-4-propyl-6,6,10,11-tetramethyl- 7,8,9-trihydroxy-2H,6H,12H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′:5,6- b′′]tripyran-2-one (18). Three of the active drugs were propyl coumarin analogues (2a, 7 and 8), two were dipyranone or chromeno-coumarins (9 and 10), and one was a benzotripyranone with a coumarin nucleus (18). Some appeared to be rather specific and potent …

Risk Mapping For Northern Kenya And Southern Ethiopia, D. Layne Coppock

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

We used results from 120 group interviews collected in 1998 to quantify how inhabitants across northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia perceive and rank various risks to their livelihoods. We also mapped risk patterns using Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates. Respondents recognized 15 sources of risk overall, with the most common being reliable access to food and water. Other risks were not mentioned by a majority of respondents and reflected diversity in local situations. Country of residence, wealth class, gender, and predominant means of food production (pastoralism, agro-pastoralism, and farming) influenced risk ranking. For example, wealthy males were most concerned about …

Effect Of Cooling Rate On Crystallization Behavior Of Milk Fat Fraction/Sunflower Oil Blends, Silvana Martini, M. L. Herrera, R. W. Hartel

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of cooling rate (slow: 0.1°C/min; fast: 5.5°C/min) on the crystallization kinetics of blends of a highmelting milk fat fraction and sunflower oil (SFO) was investigated by pulsed NMR and DSC. For slow cooling rate, the majority of crystallization had already occurred by the time the set crystallization temperature had been reached. For fast cooling rate, crystallization started after the samples reached the selected crystallization temperature, and the solid fat content curves were hyperbolic. DSC scans showed that at slow cooling rates, molecular organization took place as the sample was being cooled to crystallization temperature and there was fractionation …

Signifying Sainthood, 1830-2001, Jan Shipps

Arrington Annual Lecture

No abstract provided.

Vaccination Program For Beef Calves (2001 - Clell Bagley), Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

Vaccines are an important tool to use in herd health programs for the protection of animal health. However, vaccines do not prevent all disease by themselves, and should be used in conjunction with good management practices. The timing of vaccination and selection of product are important considerations.

Preplanning A Funeral, Barbara Rowe

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

The Invasion Of Western Waters By Non-Native Species: Threats To The West, Western Regional Panel On Aquatic Nuisance Species

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The waters of western North America are being transformed by invasive aquatic plants, fish, and other animals from around the world. These plants and animals, which have been introduced both intentionally and accidentally by humans, can irrevocably alter our native ecosystems. While they may be harmless in their own waters, once brought into a new ecosystem where their native predators do not exist, they can harm native species by eating their food, preying on them, transmitting diseases to which the natives have no defenses, or (like many invasive aquatic plants) simply outgrowing them. Not all non-native species cause serious problems, …

Western Rangeland Noxious Weeds: Collecting, Sharing And Using Information, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Usda, Charles Valentine Riley Memorial Foundation

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Western rangeland weeds such as yellow starthistle, leafy spurge, Canada thistle and Russian knapweed are causing tremendous losses to agricultural industries including both crop and livestock production. Concurrently, many public lands managed by federal agencies are being steadily invaded. As a result, these lands held in the public trust are experiencing reductions in commodity yields, recreational opportunities, biodiversity and ecosystem function. Consequently, every state in the West has noxious weed management programs that endeavor to enhance the financial and technical resources available for weed management and to assist in coordination across the diverse public and private land ownership mosaic common …

Financing Long-Term Care: Insurance And Its Alternatives, Barbara Rowe

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Shopping For Long-Term Care Insurance, Barbara Rowe

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

New Launch Methodologies For The Micro-Millennia, Chrishma Hunter Singh-Derewa

Small Satellite Conference

Rapid advancements in nano-technology have led to numerous improvements in microsatellite design. In the past twenty years, this class of satellites (10-100 kg mass) has repeatedly demonstrated their worth as vehicles for space science, technology demonstration, communications, remote sensing, education and information transfer. Within the past decade, the dramatic transition from experimentation to significant applications has prompted the implementation of numerous new launch methodologies. However, none have adequately met all the requirements stipulated by the small satellite market. The STARSAT launch vehicle has been tailored to specifically address the needs of the micro-satellite mission at a fraction of the cost …

Yamsat: The First Picosatellite Being Developed In Taiwan, Albert Lin, Chih-Li Chang, Steven Tsai, Joe Fong, Chan-Peng Chang, Robin Lin, Chin Wen Liu, Marco Yeh, M.H. Chung, Hsu-Pin Pan, Chi-Hung Hwang

Small Satellite Conference

This paper describes the current planning and design of the YamSat, the first picosatellite being developed in Taiwan. The design, analysis, manufacture, integration, test and operation of the YamSat will be performed by the National Space Program Office (NSPO), Taiwan, R.O.C, in cooperation with other domestic organizations and companies. It is a member of the CubeSat [1], 10cm x 10cm x 10cm size and within 1kg mass. The major objective of the YamSat is to qualify in space the components and technology developed in Taiwan, including a micro-spectrometer payload using Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology. The YamSat will be …

University Of Tokyo's Cubesat Project: Its Educational And Technological Significance, Yuichi Tsuda, Nobutada Sako, Takashi Eishima, Takahiro Ito, Yoshihisa Arikawa, Norihide Miyamura, Akira Tanaka, Shinichi Nakasuka

Small Satellite Conference

This paper describes outline of the University of Tokyo Intelligent Space Systems Laboratory(ISSL)'s CubeSat \XI" for the demonstration of the pico-satellite bus technology and validation of the commercial- o_-the-shelf parts in space as well as the earth imaging mission. CubeSat project is the international joint program, which aims for developing and actually launching 10cm cubic satellites weighing less than 1kg to the earth's orbit. 18 CubeSats developed by Japanese and U.S. institutes are to be launched by the Russian launch vehicle \Dnepr" in May, 2002 to the Sun-synchronized orbit. The project in ISSL is conducted by 20 space engineering students …

Use Of An Operations Simulator For Small Satellites, Sid Saraf, Chahé Adourian, Philip Melanson, Mak Tafazoli

Small Satellite Conference

The Canadian Space Agency (CSA) has initiated the Science Satellite (SCISAT) mission as part of its ongoing space science program. The SCISAT-1 satellite will be operated from CSA's mission operation centre in St- Hubert, Québec. The use of an operations simulator is critical in mitigating any mission level risk. During an anomaly situation the operation team's only line of defence against a mission failure could be the simulator. The SCISAT-1 simulator could also be an effective tool to ensure that commands or command sequences that are detrimental to the spacecraft or the science planning are not up-linked accidentally. The best …

The Use Of Hibernation Modes For Deep Space Missions As A Method To Lower Mission Operations Costs , E. Reynolds, P. Panneton, M. Reinhart, D. Mehoke, W. Dellinger, S. Williams, J. Perschy, R. Harvey, P. Carr

Small Satellite Conference

Hibernation modes have been used in the past in the commercial and military sector under the name of ‘on-orbit storage’ or ‘onorbit spare’. Satellites that have used this technique include: METEOSAT-5 (Europe). SOOS (Navy), NOVA (Navy), GOES-10 (NOAA). These spares are used to quickly restore functionality of the system if there should be an on-orbit failure. Up until now, scientific satellites have not incorporated hibernation modes in their baseline mission timeline – though several missions used them to perform extended missions: GIOTTO and ISEE- 3/ICE. During its competitive proposal phase, CONTOUR baselined a hibernation mode as a method to reduce …

Cubesat: The Development And Launch Support Infrastructure For Eighteen Different Satellite Customers On One Launch , Jordi Puig-Suari, Clark Turner, Robert Twiggs

Small Satellite Conference

Stanford University and California Polytechnic State University have combined efforts to develop a means of launching small picosatellites called CubeSat. The CubeSat is a 10cm cube weighting 1 kg or less. The launching system developed will provide launches for three satellites in one launcher tube. The first mission for this launcher will be to fly six tubes to launch as many as 24 CubeSats in May 2002 on a Kosmotras, Dnepr ELV from Bikinour, Ukraine. Stanford and Cal Poly are providing active technical support for the CubeSat developers, which are mostly universities. Once the CubeSats have been developed by the …

The Design And Development Of A Terminal Node Controller And Gps/Telemetry Beacon For Space And Ground Applications , James Gutshall, Anuradha Chandrasekaran

Small Satellite Conference

This document presents the design and development of a new terminal node controller (TNC) and GPS/telemetry beacon for space and ground applications. The techniques developed are unique and innovative in the field of space communication. It outlines the objectives; the system requirements; the system layout; the theory of operation; software; communication protocols, including equipment specifications and other major aspects of the system. An important feature of this system is the extensive use of commercial off the shelf (COTS) components, which has lowered cost and shortened development time. Key words: terminal node controller, TNC, GPS, telemetry, beacon, space communications, satellite, nanosatellite, …

Design Of A Long-Distance Martian Rover, Elizabeth Butt

Small Satellite Conference

Martian spacecraft have played a vital part in educating scientists about the Mars environment. Specifically, they have allowed us to believe that there are traces of water present on certain parts of the planet. One major scientific objective goal, based on this discovery, is to further explore these potential water sources. One way to achieve this goal is to send a long-distance Martian rover to Mars so that it can inspect these water sites. Although rovers have had successful missions on Mars, the idea of a long-distance rover involves re-designing many aspects of the past rovers. This paper explores the …

The Design Of The Communication And Telemetry System Used By The Ionospheric Observation Nanosatellite Formation Mission , Anuradha Chandrasekaran, James Gutshall

Small Satellite Conference

This document describes the approach taken by the Ionospheric Observation Nanosatellite Formation (ION-F) communication team in designing and developing a ground communication system, space communication system, and amateur communication system for three satellites in the ION-F constellation. It outlines the mission objectives, the system requirements, the theory of operation, hardware, software, communication protocols; including equipment specifications and other major aspects of the system. An important feature of the communication system is the extensive use of commercial off the shelf (COTS) components, which has lowered cost and shortened development time. This system will be adopted by all three universities.

Snap-1: A Low Cost Modular Cots-Based Nano-Satellite – Design, Construction, Launch And Early Operations Phase , C. Underwood, G. Richardson, J. Savignol

Small Satellite Conference

Driven by the personal computer and personal communications markets, commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) microelectronic systems have advanced considerably in the last few years, making it now feasible to construct highly capable “nano-satellites” (i.e. sub-10 kg satellites) to provide cost-effective and rapid-response, orbiting-test-vehicles for advanced space missions and technologies. The UK’s first nano-satellite: SNAP-1 - designed and built by Surrey Space Centre (SSC) and Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL) staff - is an example of such a test-vehicle, in this case, built with the primary objective of demonstrating that a sophisticated, fully agile nano-satellite can be constructed rapidly, and at very low cost, …

Operational Experiences With The Petite Amateur Navy Satellite – Pansat, Ronald Phelps

Small Satellite Conference

This paper provides an overview of PANSAT’s on-orbit performance by discussing how the integration process, design decisions, and space environment have affected mission operations. PANSAT, in its third year of operation, is providing a large quantity of telemetry, some of which has been analyzed by officer students at the Naval Postgraduate School. Battery temperatures and charge cycles, EDAC errors as well as solar panel currents, are some of the telemetry data that were analyzed to gain insight about satellite performance.

Multispectral Thermal Imager (Mti) Satellite Imaging Operations And Performance , Max Decker, R. Rex Kay, Glenn Rackley

Small Satellite Conference

MTI is a comprehensive R&D project, featuring a single satellite in sun-synchronous orbit designed to collect radiometrically accurate images of instrumented ground sites in 15 spectral bands ranging from visible to long-wave infrared. The satellite was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on March 12, 2000 aboard an Orbital Sciences Corporation Taurus rocket. After launch, the operations team completed a 3-month turn-on, checkout and alignment procedure, and declared the satellite ready for its R&D mission on June 14, 2000. The satellite has collected over 1850 images in support of its research mission. This paper presents a brief satellite overview and …

A Novel Concept For Monitoring Of Maritime Traffic By Micro-Satellites, B.T. Narheim, T. Eriksen, G.K. Høye, T. Wahl

Small Satellite Conference

A concept for monitoring of maritime traffic by micro-satellites has been studied at FFI [1]. The concept is based on localization of maritime vessels by passive detection of their X-band navigation radar (3 cm wavelength), and subsequent direction finding and determination of the geographic position. A Phase-A study [3] on the utilization of this concept, for monitoring of the maritime traffic in ocean areas under Norwegian jurisdiction has demonstrated the feasibility of the concept. Localization of vessels can be performed to an accuracy of 1 km or better from a micro-satellite orbiting at 600 km altitude. The concept requires the …

Techsat 21 And Revolutionizing Space Missions Using Microsatellites, Maurice Martin, Pete Klupar, Steve Kilberg, James Winter

Small Satellite Conference

The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) TechSat 21 flight experiment demonstrates a formation of three microsatellites flying in formation to operate as a “virtual satellite.” X-band transmit and receive payloads on each of the satellites form a large sparse aperture system. The satellite formation can be configured to optimize such varied missions as radio frequency (RF) sparse aperture imaging, precision geolocation, ground moving target indication (GMTI), single-pass digital terrain elevation data (DTED), electronic protection, single-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar (IF-SAR), and high data-rate, secure communications. Benefits of such a microsatellite formation over single large satellites include unlimited aperture size and …