Digital Commons Network^™

Utilizing Best Practices For Preventing Injury Among Master Gardener Volunteers, Gabriela Murza

Outcomes and Impact Quarterly

Master Gardener Volunteers (MGV) participate in physically demanding service activities that put them at an increased risk for injury. Workshops were presented to MGVs to address ways to prevent or minimize injury and pain by using best practices, proper posture, and correct tool use when working in the garden.

Scalability And Robustness Of Feed Yard Mortality Prediction Modeling To Improve Profitability, Ryan Feuz, Kyle Feuz, Jeffrey Gradner, Miles Theurer, Myriah Johnson

Applied Economics Faculty Publications

Cattle feed yards routinely track and collect data for individual calves throughout the feeding period. Using such operational data from nine U.S. feed yards for the years 2016-2019, we evaluated the scalability and economic viability of using machine learning classifier predicted mortality as a culling decision aid. The expected change in net return per head when using the classifier predictions as a culling aid as compared to the status quo culling protocol for calves having been pulled at least once for bovine respiratory disease was simulated. This simulated change in net return ranged from - $1.61 to $19.46/head. Average change …

The Utah Statesman, September 19, 2022, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Development Of The Moon As An Absolute Si-Traceable Celestial Calibration Target To Support Earth Remote Sensing Instrument Measurement Requirements, Steve Brown, John Woodward, Kevin Turpie, Andrew Gadsden, Tom Stone

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

To support measurements relevant to climate observables, emphasis has been placed on the development of space-based Climate Observatories, e.g. CLARREO Pathfinder (CPF), that can maintain SI-traceability on-orbit with uncertainties that meet observation requirements. The transfer of radiometric scales from Climate Observatories to the suite of sensors on-orbit at any given time anticipates using Simultaneous Nadir Overpasses (SNOs) of terrestrial calibration targets, requiring a continuous train of Climate Observatories be maintained on-orbit. The cost and complexity of Climate Observatories warrants examination of alternate approaches to the in situ calibration of climate sensors.

The uncertainties in the transmittance through the atmosphere is …

Extending The Spectral Range Of The Robotic Lunar Observatory (Rolo) Model To Climate Science-Relevant Wavelengths, Cindy L. Young, Thomas Stone, Janet Daniels, Martin Snow, Roger Clark, Jean-Pierre Williams

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

A critical aspect of monitoring and understanding climate change is maintaining a continuous Earth Radiation Budget (ERB) record. The radiation budget is the balance between absorbed solar radiation and emitted thermal IR radiation by the Earth-atmosphere system, and ERB sensors require shortwave (SW) broadband measurements from 0.2 – 5 μm. Calibration accuracy, stability, and inter-consistency among different instruments are key to developing reliable composite long-term data records, but achieving sufficiently low uncertainties for these performance metrics poses a significant challenge. For this purpose, space-borne instruments commonly carry on-board references for calibration at various wavelengths, but these increase mass and mission …

Decadal Validation Of The Lasp Trf Radiometer By Nist And Establishment Of A Replacement Room Temperature Standard, Malcolm White, Nathan Tomlin, Chris Yung, Michelle Stephens, Ping-Shine Shaw, Joe Rice, John Lehman, Karl Heuerman, Joel Rutkowski, Cameron Straatsma, Peter Pilewskie, Erik Richard, Dave Harber

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

We present the results of a recent, extensive measurement campaign validating the traceability of the solar irradiance record and earth radiation budget data. The campaign also established future traceability, thus ensuring confidence in the continuing climate-data record. The Total Solar Irradiance Radiometer Facility (TRF) at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) Boulder, uses a liquid helium cooled cryogenic radiometer as the reference standard for the validation of spaceflight total solar irradiance instrumentation. In 2008 the radiometer was directly compared to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Primary Optical Watt Radiometer (POWR) at a wavelength of 532.12 …

Vicarious Calibration Of Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 And 3, Dejian Fu, Robert Rosenberg, Carol Bruegge, Thomas Pongetti, Richard Lee, James Mcduffie, Linley Kroll, Mark Helmlinger, Gary Spiers, David Crisp, Annmarie Eldering

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 and 3 (OCO-2 and OCO-3) instruments, launched in 2014 and 2019 respectively, employ multiple methodologies to refine the absolute radiometric scale. One technique, vicarious calibration, uses in-situ measurements taken at Railroad Valley, USA (RRV), along with near simultaneous measurements (within 0.5 hours) from the satellite instruments. The JPL field team has conducted measurement campaigns near every summer solstice since 2009 along with colleagues from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) project, JAXA/NIES. Since 2012, additional ground datasets have been collected in the spring and fall to support additional targets acquired throughout the year. The RRV …

The Ground To Space Calibration Experiment (G-Scale): Si-Traceable Intercalibration Of Multiscale Earth Observation Platforms Using Mirror-Based Targets, Brandon J. Russell, Raymond Soffer, Emmett J. Ientilluci, Michele A. Kuester, David Conran, Juan Pablo Arroyo-Mora, Tina Ochoa, Chris Durell, Jeff Holt

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

In order to deliver high quality, traceable, multi-sensor optical Earth Observation measurements and fused data products, there is a need for common reference sources and dedicated intercalibration and bias assessment activities. The goal of the Ground to Space CALibration Experiment (G-SCALE) was to demonstrate the use of convex mirrors as a radiometric and spatial calibration and validation (cal/val) technology for Earth Observation (EO) assets operating at multiple altitudes and spatial scales. Specifically, to generate a point source with NIST-traceable absolute radiance signal for simultaneous vicarious calibration of multi- and hyperspectral sensors in the VNIR/SWIR range, aboard Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), …

Monitoring Sentinel-2 Msi Inter-Calibration Using Deep Convective Clouds, S. Clerc, N. Lamquin, F. Romand, A. Deru

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Deep Convective Cloud (DCC) method is an efficient method to estimate the relative radiometric uncertainty of Earth Observation sensors. The method has been used to monitor the inter-satellite relative uncertainty of the Copernicus Sentinel-2 constellation.

The data selection process relies on thresholds on the NIR (B08) and cirrus (B10) bands on data acquired in the intertropical region. More than 1000 products for each satellite are processed each month. Histograms of the reflectance values are extracted for all spectral bands and each detector module. Once enough products are collected, a skewed- Gaussian is fit to the accumulated histogram. The second …

Integrating On-Board And Vicarious Calibration With The Improved Radiometric Calibration Of Land Imaging Systems (Iris), Stephen J. Schiller, Jeffery J. Puschell

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

As part of Raytheon’s effort to provide innovative calibration capabilities that advance the performance of future earth imaging systems, an on-board Jones source calibrator integrated with vicarious SPecular ARray Calibration (SPARC) is introduced. The Improved Radiometric calibration of land Imaging Systems (IRIS) is a compact full-spectrum calibration system that reduces the size, weight, and power of conventional on-board radiometric sources into a single flat panel format providing high spatial illumination uniformity. Combining both carbon nanotube and LED technology within a Jones source design, IRIS offers a common assembly calibration reference covering the spectral range from 0.4 to 12 μm. On-board …

Earthdaily Analytics - Delivering Scientific Imagery Of Our Planet For A Sustainable Future, Keith Beckett, Paul Cottle, Chris Rampersad, Rob Irwin

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The EarthDaily Analytics team is actively building a constellation of highly innovative satellites, capable of covering the earth’s landmass every day with a novel set of spectral channels selected to serve a wide range of applications. This new data will flow through our EarthPipeline, a completely automated Ground Segment-as-a-Service offering, capable of processing, calibrating and validating not only the data from EarthDaily Analytics’ constellation but data from multiple partners’s constellations as well.

We know that nearly every application targeted by EarthDaily Analytics, agriculture, forestry, water and many more, will all benefit greatly from the science-grade imagery and analytics that the …

Venμs Mission Evolutions And Radiometric Performances During Vm5 In-Orbit Test Phase, A. Dick, G. Dedieu, O. Hagolle, J-L. Raynaud, S. Pelou, M. Farges, C. Peschoud

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

VENμS (Vegetation and Environment New micro (μ) Satellite) is a micro satellite launched in 2017 by the Israeli Space Agency (ISA) and the French Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). VENμS is a research satellite that embarks two very different devices, an electric Hall Effect thruster, and a multispectral optical camera. This article focuses on the multispectral camera.

Since March 2022, VENμS has begun the final phase of its mission called VM5. At the beginning of this project, it had been planned to divide the mission in 3 phases specially to use the small thrusters, which are dedicated to a technological …

Small Sat Calibration, Cole Miller, Deron Scott, Eli Salay, Shane Canfield, Scott Hansen, Matt Berghout, Jan Kunzler, Duane Miles

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Payloads used to make science measurements need calibration to characterize the instrument and ensure that mission objectives are met. When electro-optic instruments are developed for use on small satellite platforms, budgets and schedules are often restricted. There is a need to provide some calibration and still remain within budget. The goal of this project was to develop a calibration method to meet this challenge for small satellites. The effort includes spatial, spectral, and radiometric testing and characterization of small satellite payloads. Using a combination of sources, visible wavelength small satellite payloads can be calibrated cheaply and quickly. The calibration parameters …

An Overview Of The Emerging P4001 Hyperspectral Standard, Christopher Durell, Torbjorn Skauli, John R. Gilchrist

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Hyperspectral imaging has over the last thirty years developed into a power analytical tool for the determination of chemical and other properties. As a result, there has been strong development in both the design of spectral cameras and in the applications for which they are used. This has led to a diversity in the way fundamental instrument performances are characterized, reported, and understood. As a result, this makes it difficult to compare instruments for application-specific needs, or for commercial market needs.

In 2018, the IEEE P4001 group was formed to facilitate the development of a standard to unify the use …

A Novel Vacuum Fir Calibration System In Support Of Esa’S 9th Earth Explorer Mission At Ptb, J. Gieseler, M. Reiniger, D. Fehse, J. Schumacher, R. Hafner, A. Adibekyan, C. Monte

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

ESA’s 9th earth explorer mission Far-Infrared-Outgoing-Radiation Understanding and Monitoring (FORUM) aims for the first time to perform spectrally resolved, traceable measurements over extended time periods of earth’s outgoing FIR radiation in the wavelength range from 3.62 μm to 100 μm, providing valuable data for climate research, modeling and prediction. So far, only spectral measurements up to 17 μm have been realized. However, about half of earth’s outgoing total energy is found at wavelengths beyond 15 μm, making the FIR region crucial for earth’s energy budget and hence climate development. FORUM aims to close the data gap with an aspired absolute …

Atmospheric Waves Experiment (Awe) Science To Calibration Requirements, Harri Latvakoski, Mike Taylor

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Atmospheric Waves Experiment (AWE) is a mission to study gravity waves (upward propagating pressure waves) in the Earth’s atmosphere. The AWE science objectives are to quantify seasonal and regional variabilities and influences of gravity waves near the mesopause, identify the dominant dynamical processes controlling the gravity waves, and estimate the wider role of gravity waves in the ionosphere-thermosphere-mesosphere. This presentation will discuss the development of AWE from the science objectives to a practical mission design and from the mission concept to calibration requirements.

Data, Calibration And Processing Of Thermal Infrared Data From The Lisr Iss Mission, Andreas Brunn, Alan Rainot, Marius Bierdel, Max Gulde, Akshay Miryalkar, Atin Jain

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Longwave Infrared Sensing demonstratoR (LisR) mission is a longwave infrared camera which is flying on board the International Space Station (ISS), launched in February 2022 with first light in early March 2022.

This demonstrator, developed by the founders of ConstellR at Fraunhofer Institute of High Speed Dynamics in Freiburg/ Germany, is a platform to demonstrate the capabilities of cryo-cooled long wave infrared detectors from space. The goal of this mission is to derive high-accuracy Land Surface Temperature (LST) information used for better planning and efficiency in the agricultural sector. This information is critical in order to ensure the sustainability of …

Olci L1 Radiometric Uncertainties Validation, A. Deru, L. Bourg, N. Lamquin, S. Hunt, S. Dransfeld

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Sentinel-3 satellites, S3A and S3B, have been respectively launched in 2016 and 2018, by the European Space Agency (ESA) as part of the European Commission’s (EC) Copernicus program, and have continuously acquired images of the Earth since then. Both satellites carry the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) dedicated to scanning the ocean and land surface to harvest information of Earth visible and NIR radiances returned from the Earth’s surface to the sensor. The quality of the OLCI data is ensured through rigorous calibration and validation activity, but also thanks to the provisioning of prognostic uncertainties on the measurements. …

Correction For Dependence Of Instrument Elevation/Beta Angles On Goes-16 Abi Solar Calibration, Haifeng Qian, Xiangqian Wu, Fangfang Yu, Hyelim Yoo, Aaron Pearlman

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

GOES-16, the first in a series of new generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), carries an Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) with six Visible and Near Infrared (VNIR) channels that are calibrated periodically with an onboard solar diffuser. After its launch in 2016, we found seasonal changes in the time series of some VNIR channel gains that cannot be explained by instrument degradation nor measurement errors. This was thought to be related to the implementation of the different solar calibration algorithm version and the impacts of satellite instrument angles condition. To characterize and quantify this seasonal variation and measurement bias, we …

In-Orbit Radiometric Performance Of Sentinel-2/Msi: Inter-Comparison With Landsat8/Oli-1 And Landsat9/Oli-2 Over Desert Pics Using Dimitri-Toolbox, B. Alhammoud, C. Mackenzie, J. Jackson, S. Clerc, J. Bruniquel, B. Lafrance, S. Enache, R. Iannone, V. Boccia, M. Bouvet

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

The Sentinel-2 constellation consists of two units MSI-A & MSI-B, which are Earth Observation (EO) optical missions developed and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in the framework of the Copernicus programme of the European Commission.

The Copernicus Sentinel Optical Mission Performance Cluster (OPT-MPC) is responsible of the calibration, validation, and image quality of the user product. The inter-unit consistency of the radiometry measurements is critical for the mission as more Sentinel-2 platforms are planned in the future. In order to assess the validity and temporal stability of the radiometry measurements we use independent vicarious calibration methods for EO …

Libera On-Orbit Calibration, David Harber, Katherine Catani, Robert Haun, Nick Kruczek, Chris Randall, Peter Pilewskie, Sandra Collins

The Characterization and Radiometric Calibration for Remote Sensing Annual Meeting (CALCON)

Libera is a next generation scanning radiometer that will fly as a rideshare on the Joint Polar Satellite System-3 (JPSS-3), which is set to launch in late 2027. Libera will provide continuity of the Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) Earth radiation budget observations, advance the development of a self-contained observing system, and provide enhanced observing capability to further support earth radiation budget science goals. Data collected by Libera will be used by the earth radiation budget community to continue the long-term measurements of radiation being reflected and emitted by Earth. The Libera science channels include shortwave (SW; 0.3-5 …

Pando's Pulse: Vital Signs Signal Need For Course Correction At World-Renowned Aspen Forest, Paul C. Rogers

Aspen Bibliography

Upland aspen (Populus spp.) forests contribute significantly to biodiversity in their circumboreal role as keystone species. As aspen ecosystems flourish or diminish, myriad dependent species follow suit. The 43-hectare Pando aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clone in Utah, USA, is thought to be the largest living organism on earth, but is faltering due to chronic herbivory. Long-term resilience in aspen communities, including Pando, rests on successful recruitment of vegetative suckers that are nutritiously desirable to browsing ungulates. Here, I evaluate aspen reproduction alongside numerous vital indicators of Pando's status in the first trend assessment of this embattled iconic forest. …

Suicide Among Utah Girls And Women, Kristy Hodson, Chloe Bhowmick, Cindy Jenkins, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Suicide is a serious, evolving, and complex public health issue¹ that negatively impacts individuals, families, and communities across Utah, the nation, and the world.² Suicide can have lasting and harmful effects on everyone touched in some way, and it carries high economic and human costs.³ In fact, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that the US loses almost $70 billion annually as a result of suicide attempts and suicides due to medical and work-loss-related costs.⁴

In 2020, suicide was the 12th-leading cause of death in the US,⁵ and there were double the number of …

The Utah Statesman, September 6, 2022, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

Ungulate Herbivores As Drivers Of Aspen Recruitment And Understory Composition Throughout Arid Montane Landscapes, Elizabeth S. Reikowski, Tyler Refsland, J. Hall Cushman

Aspen Bibliography

Herbivory by wild and domestic ungulates can influence tree recruitment and understory forest communities throughout the world. Herbivore-driven declines in tree recruitment have been observed for quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), a foundation species whose health and management is recognized as a critical priority throughout much of its range. Livestock fencing is commonly used to promote aspen regeneration, but its effectiveness is rarely assessed, especially across large spatial scales. Using a livestock-reduction experiment, we evaluated the effects of ungulate herbivory on aspen in the Great Basin and southern Cascades, an expansive and environmentally heterogeneous region where aspen faces the …

A Dashboard To Support Teachers During Students’ Self-Paced Ai-Supported Problem-Solving Practice, Vincent Aleven, Jori Blankestijn, Luettamae Lawrence, Tomohiro Nagashima, Niels Taatgen

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

Past research has yielded ample knowledge regarding the design of analytics-based tools for teachers and has found beneficial effects of several tools on teaching and learning. Yet there is relatively little knowledge regarding the design of tools that support teachers when a class of students uses AI-based tutoring software for self-paced learning. To address this challenge, we conducted design-based research with 20 middle school teachers to create a novel real-time dashboard, Tutti, that helps a teacher monitor a class and decide which individual students to help, based on analytics from students’ tutoring software. Tutti is fully implemented and has been …

Orange County Parks Trail Use Designation Pilot Project, Christopher Monz, Noah Creany

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

This report provides an analysis and summary of the survey research findings from the Orange County (OC) Parks Trail Use Designation Pilot Project conducted during the summer of 2021. Repeat ecological monitoring flights were completed in May 2022 and the analysis and findings of the ecological effects of the Trail Use Designation Pilot Project will be delivered in a forthcoming addendum to this report.

A Practicum In Behavioral Economics, Arthur J. Caplan

Applied Economics Faculty Publications

A Practicum in Behavioral Economics is a practice-based textbook covering the broad field of behavioral economics. Because behavioral economics is foremost a "test-and-learn" field of scientific inquiry that evolves according to experimental outcomes, so too should students test-and-learn. As such, the book's primary goal is to help students experience behavioral economics through participation in the same experiments and games that serve as the foundations for, and shape the contours of, the field. With the help of this book students learn behavioral economics firsthand, and in the process create their own experiences. They learn about themselves - about how they make …

Toward Deeper Understanding And Wide-Scale Implementation Of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions, Sophia D'Agostino, Ana D. Dueñas, Alice Bravo, Kelsie Tyson, Diondra Straiton, Giovanna L. Salvatore, Cressida Pacia, Melanie Pellecchia

Special Education and Rehabilitation Counseling Faculty Publications

Naturalistic Developmental Behavior Interventions (NDBIs) have a strong and growing evidence base. Yet, NDBIs are not implemented on a wide scale within early intervention programs for children on the autism spectrum. Potential reasons for the slow adoption of NDBIs likely stem from the differing theoretical orientations of behavioral and developmental sciences from which NDBI are derived, and a lack of training, knowledge, and support for implementing NDBIs within the behavior analytic community. In support of efforts to promote wide-scale implementation of NDBIs, we clarify their common features, discuss possible misconceptions, offer reasons why NDBIs should be widely implemented, and provide …

Integrated Pest And Pollinator Management, Ann Mull, Lori R. Spears, Marion Murray, Ricardo Ramirez

All Current Publications

An inextricable link exists between humans and pollinators, with benefits that include ecosystem health and function and human food security. Bees, butterflies, moths, wasps, flies, and beetles are responsible for most the world's pollination services. Considering the mounting scientific evidence denoting global pollinator declines, there is a critical need to prioritize pollinators and the essential services they provide. This fact sheet provides information about integrated pest and pollinator management (IPPM), which goes beyond integrated pest management (IPM) to include proactive, preventive measures that consider pollinators as well as pests in horticulture management.